Foreign Animal Disease
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Transcript of Foreign Animal Disease
Foreign Animal Disease
Angie DementExtension Associate for Veterinary Medicine
Texas AgriLife Extension ServiceCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Texas A&M SystemCollege Station, TX 77843
http://aevm.tamu.edu
What are Foreign Animal Diseases?
Disease that is not currently present in the United States
Can be zoonotic
How can a FAD come into U.S.?
Natural
Accidental
Intentional (bioterrorist act)
Prevention Methods
USDA/APHIS Inspection at entries Quarantine animals and animal products Health papers
Importance of Control
FEAD’s are pathogenic & contagious Easily transmissible High exposure
Susceptible animals Devastating losses
Animal economic
Reportable Diseases
What are they? Diseases not known to be in the US Can be diseases that are here but subject to
eradication and control Emerging Animal Diseases
Foreign Animal Diseases
Foot and Mouth Disease Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Rift Valley Fever Exotic Newcastle Disease Avian Influenza And many, many more
Foot and Mouth Disease
Foot and Mouth Disease Highly contagious Potential to spread
rapidly People not affected
Devastating Emotionally Economically Sociologically
Susceptible domestic and wild cloven-hoofed livestock Cattle Sheep Goats Domestic and feral swine Deer Llamas
Transmission Aerosol
wind Mechanical
people, vehicles, animals Biological
movement of infected animals uncooked or undercooked meat products
If an outbreak occurs Restrictions Quarantines Eradication
Slaughter of animals Proper disposal
FMD Outbreak in 2001 in Great Britian Delayed response
10,472 farms depopulated 4 million destroyed to stop disease 2.5 million “humanely” slaughtered Over $13 billion
Increased risk Travelers Meat products Garbage Bioterrorist
TAHC prohibits feeding meat garbage to swine
BSE
Decrease risk No ruminants or products from Europe USDA regulations
No ruminant protein as feed Downer cattle
First Line of Defense
Biosecurity Livestock owners Early detection and reporting
Biosecurity Measures
Wash hands Wash disinfect boots Wash disinfect trailer Wash disinfect tires Wash disinfect borrowed equipment Proper garbage disposal
Lock gates Stranger alert International visitor – >48 hours wait Purchased cattle – >2 weeks isolation, tests Routine observations
Identify sources Raise replacements Purchase entries from clean herds Test purchased entries Vaccinate purchased entries
Isolate purchased entries Reduce commingling Separate carriers/shedders Restrict visitor and vehicle entries Construct buffer zone fencing
Who do you contact?
Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) 1-800-550-8242
USDA
Questions?
http://aevm.tamu.edu