Food Science & Technology Ch 4. Food Science vs. Food Technology Food science = study of all...
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Transcript of Food Science & Technology Ch 4. Food Science vs. Food Technology Food science = study of all...
Food Science vs. Food Technology
Food science = study of all aspects of food, including processing, storage, and preparation Biology Chemistry Physics
Food Technology = tools and techniques that help with food production, processing, storage, preparation Food tech comes from food science
Tech Advances
Early Farming Advances Modern advances
Production Processing & distribution
Analogs – foods made to imitate other foods Formed products – foods made from an
inexpensive source and processed to imitate a more expensive food
Egg substitutes – made from egg white and other ingredients
Tech Advances Cont…
Packaging MAP – modified atmosphere packaging Aseptic packages Retort pouches Shrink wrap & quick freezing
Tech Advances cont…
Transportation Can travel 1,000 miles or more Foods available year round Resources and labor required
Tech Advances cont
Genetic Engineering – genes are removed from one organism and transferred to another Pass on desirable traits
“GMOs” Controversial subject
Advantages of Genetic Engineering
Increase food supply by helping crops survive pest & weed damage
Improve nutrition Improve taste Remove substances that cause allergic
reactions Use of fewer pesticides on plants w/ built-
in pest resistance Greater resistance to spoilage Newer and better varieties of food
Disadvantages of Genetic Engineering
Cause health problems/ allergies Threaten the environment & food
supply Built in pesticides may kill beneficial
insects like bees and butterflies “Superweeds” are created Harmful insects can become
immune to pesticide Patented by large corporations
To label or not to label
Last spring GMO salmon was in the middle of a labeling controversy.
Should we be aware of all foods that are GMO?
Cloning
Clone = genetic copy of an organism Cattle Pigs Dogs Other animals
Create exact copies of animals with desirable traits Positive: help expand food supply Negative: destroy biodiversity , produces
animal suffering
Better Nutrition
Enrichment – restoring nutrients that were lost in processing
Fortification – adding a nutrient that is not normally found in a food
Functional Foods
Foods with ingredients that offer specific health benefits
NO special regulations governing them
Three categories Natural whole foods Enhanced foods Foods created by science
Natural Whole Foods
“superfoods” with healthy natural chemicals Blueberries Broccoli Salmon Garlic Oats
Foods Created by Science
Scientist created foods with specific health benefits
More long term studies needed
Nutrition Research
Research over 40+ nutrients 100’s chemical compounds Discover new nutrients & chemical
compounds Food production Extend shelf life Fortify foods
Ergonomics
Study of ways to make space and equipment easier and more comfortable to use and how to work more efficiently Kitchen design Appliances cookware