Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa: Progress Report, July 2011 - July 2012

7/31/2019 Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa: Progress Report, July 2011 - July 2012

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HBBE I^KYKY KD

UJC JB^D BH OH^KIOW^B@^CYY ^CWB^U MSL[ >7??MSL[ >7?>


2/32


3/32

Hbbe i~kyky kd ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kioW~b`~cyy ~cwb~u Msl{ >7??Msl{ >7?>

IbducduyHb~cpb~e >

Kdu~besiukbd 5

Ybfolko ;

Cujkbwko ?5

Acd{o >7

^c`kbdol Oexbioi{ >3

Hkdodic >8

Ujc hsus~c= ~cesikd` ujc ~kyay >:

Dcp o~~kxoly qscsc bsuykec ujc iofw ~cicwukbd icdu~c kd Eoeoon o~c ios`ju kd o n~kch

esyu yub~f pjkwwce sw n{ ujc jo~yj pkdey$ Ujc{ ~cickxc cyycdukol kucfy kdilsekd` hbbe,mc~~{ iody, nlodacuy, ybow ode wloyuki yjccukd` hb~ yjcluc~$ Wjbub= Mb Jo~~kybd$


4/32

>

Ku ky o {co~ dbp ykdic ujc pb~le pbac sw ub pjou

joy nccd iollce ujc pb~yu hbbe i~kyky kd ujc >?yu

icdus~{$ Ujc hbbuo`c bh Eoeoon ~chs`cc iofw

kd Acd{o poy u~sl{ ophsl, ode ujc ibdekukbdy

wcbwlc pc~c lkxkd` kd pjcd ujc{ o~~kxce ou Ebllb

Oeb iofw kd Cujkbwko pc~c qskuc yjbiakd`$ Ujc SD

iouc`b~k}ce wo~uy bh Ybfolko oy nckd` kd hofkdc

o uc~f syce yb ~o~cl{ dbp ujou pc joe yuo~uce

ub ujkda ku db lbd`c~ jowwcdy$ Pjklc ujc ykusoukbd

joy kfw~bxce, Bzhof pkll ibdukdsc ub pb~a pkuj

ibffsdkukcy kd Ybfolko, Cujkbwko, ode Acd{o, ubjclw ~cesic ij~bdki xsldc~onklku{ ub e~bs`ju ode

hbbe kdycis~ku{$

H~bf o jkyub~kiol wc~ywciukxc, ujc pb~le joy

sdebsnucel{ fbxce bd kd bs~ onklku{ ub yoxc lkxcy$

Ujc dsfnc~y bh ekyoyuc~y o~c bd ujc kdi~coyc$ Yb

ubb ky ujc dsfnc~ bh wcbwlc czwbyce ub ujcf$ Nsu

ujc dsfnc~y ujou oiusoll{ ekc joy `bdc ebpd$

Lbd`c~&uc~f oke ~cywbdycy joxc ibdu~knsuce ub

ujky, ode Cujkbwko ode Acd{o joxc nbuj ecxclbwce

yohcu{&dcu w~b`~ofy ecyk`dce ub eclkxc~ lbd`&

uc~f jclw ub ybfc bh ujc wbb~cyu wcbwlc kd ujck~ybikcukcy$ Bdl{ kd Ybfolko joy ujc ykusoukbd dbu

kfw~bxce ou oll, nsu ujky ky ek~ciul{ ouu~knsuonlc

ub upb ecioecy bh ibdhlkiu ode wblkukiol us~fbkl,

wbb~ kduc~doukbdol wblkikcy ujou joxc czoic~nouce

ujc i~kyky, ode is~uoklce oiicyy hb~ ujc

jsfodkuo~kod ibffsdku{$ Jbpcxc~, pjklc hcpc~

wcbwlc o~c e{kd`, ujc dsfnc~y bh wcbwlc lkxkd` kd

HB^CPB^E


5/32

9

wbxc~u{ pjb ~kya lbykd` ujck~ lkxclkjbbey kd ysij

i~kycy joy kdi~coyce kd xsldc~onlc o~coy ysij oy

ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio, ode fsij fb~c ebcy dcce ub

nc ebdc n{ `bxc~dfcduy ode ujc kduc~doukbdol

ibffsdku{ ub oee~cyy ujky$

Lbbakd` noia bd >7??, ode fb~c wc~ukdcdul{ub >7?7, pc oefku ujou pc oy ujc cduk~c

kduc~doukbdol ibffsdku{ pc~c ylbp ub yiolc sw

bs~ pb~a$ Nsu bdic ujc i~kyky jku ujc jcoelkdcy

ode ujc hsdey yuo~uce ub ibfc kd, K of wlcoyce

pkuj ujc ywcce ode ecekioukbd ujou Bzhof yuohh

wsu kd ub pjou nciofc o foyykxc ~cywbdyc kd o

jk`jl{ ibfwlcz, hlske, ode bhucd xc~{ kdycis~c

cdxk~bdfcdu$ Wo~ukislo~l{ dbucpb~uj{ pc~c ujc

hbllbpkd`= ujc ibffkufcdu bh Bzhofy lbiol

wo~udc~y kd oll uj~cc ibsdu~kcy ub uoac bd fb~c

pb~a1 ujc w~bhcyykbdolkyf bh bs~ czkyukd` ucofy

bh fokdl{ doukbdol yuohh pjbyc adbplce`c bh

ibduczuy ode ibffsdkukcy oxc kdxolsonlc

kdyk`juy1 ode ujc yaklly ode `lbnol czwc~ukyc

bh bs~ ywcikolkyu oexkyc~y pjb u~oxcllce ub ujc

~c`kbd ou yjb~u dbukic$ Bzhof poy pcll wloice ub

syc kuy czkyukd` w~b`~ofy ode wo~udc~yjkwy oy o

wlouhb~f ub czucde kuy ibxc~o`c, pkujbsu pjkij

kuy ~cywbdyc pbsle joxc nccd pcoac~$

K of olyb `~ouchsl ub Bzhofy yswwb~uc~y$ Pc o~c

kd ekhhkislu cibdbfki ukfcy, {cu ujc `cdc~byku{

bh kdekxkesoly, ibfwodkcy, ode kdyukusukbdy

joy nccd kdywk~kd`$ Ujky poy ujc lo~`cyu Oh~kio

owwcol ujou Bzhof joy cxc~ losdijce, ode bdc

bh kuy fbyu ysiicyyhsl kd ~cicdu {co~y$ Pkujbsu

ujcyc hsdey, pc ykfwl{ ibsle dbu joxc oijkcxce

pjou pc eke ub yoxc lkxcy, w~cxcdu ecyukusukbd,

ode ysyuokd lkxclkjbbey$ Ujky ky o lbd`&uc~f

i~kyky hb~ fod{ ibffsdkukcy kd ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio

ode Bzhofy pb~a ky n{ db fcody bxc~, nsu ujc

ibffkufcduy bh ebdb~y fcodu ujou pc ibsle

foac ujou dcicyyo~{ `co~&ijod`c pjcd ku

fouuc~ce fbyu$ Yb ujoda {bs$

Nsu ebkd` `bbe cfc~`cdi{ pb~a ky dbu cdbs`j$

Lbbakd` ub ujc hsus~c, ujc jsfodkuo~kod

ibffsdku{ yjbsle syc ujc lcyybdy lco~dce

es~kd` ujky i~kyky ub i~couc ~col fbfcdusf

ofbd` bxc~dfcduy, ebdb~y, ode wo~udc~y ub eb

ujkd`y ekhhc~cdul{$ Pc dcce ub foac ysyuokdce

kdxcyufcduy kd fceksf& ode lbd`c~&uc~f

kduc~xcdukbdy kh pc o~c ub n~coa ujc i{ilc bh hbbe

kdycis~ku{$ Pc dcce ub fbxc opo{ h~bf yuode&

olbdc, qskia&kd&ode&bsu cfc~`cdi{ ~cywbdycy

ujou accw wcbwlc olkxc nsu eb lkuulc ub w~buciu

b~ kfw~bxc lkxclkjbbey$ Hb~usdoucl{, ku yccfy`bxc~dfcduy ode ebdb~y o~c lkyucdkd`$

Hs~ujc~fb~c, Bzhof ode ujc Sdkuce Doukbdy Pb~le

Hbbe W~b`~offc *PHW+ o~c kd o sdkqsc wbykukbdub nskle bd ujc czicllcdu ~cloukbdyjkwy o~bsde

ujc KOYI Jb~d bh Oh~kio Wlod bh Oiukbd$ Ujc wlod

cdjodicy yswwb~u ub ~c`kbdol ode ibsdu~{&

lce w~bicyycy ujou okf ub oee~cyy ij~bdki

jsd`c~ ode foldsu~kukbd, nskle ujc ~cyklkcdic

bh xsldc~onlc lkxclkjbbey, ode cdys~c ujc co~l{,

oww~bw~kouc, ode chhciukxc yiolc sw bh oyykyuodic

kd ukfcy bh oisuc i~kyky$ Pc pkll suklkyc oll bh bs~

yu~cd`ujy= bs~ onklku{ ub kdhlscdic ode oexbiouc

ou o jk`j lcxcl pkuj `bxc~dfcduy ode ~c`kbdol

nbekcy ysij oy ujc Oh~kiod Sdkbd, ode bs~ pb~apkuj ibffsdkukcy, wo~udc~y, w~kxouc yciub~ ode

dbd&`bxc~dfcduol b~`odkyoukbdy *D@By+, ub

ecxclbw o n~boe ~od`c bh kduc~xcdukbdy ujou pkll

jclw yjowc o ncuuc~ hsus~c hb~ xsldc~onlc wcbwlc$

Bzhof ky ubuoll{ ibffkuuce ub pb~akd` ub`cujc~

pkuj bujc~y kd Coyu Oh~kio, Pcyu Oh~kio, ode

bujc~ ~c`kbdy bh ujc pb~le ub cde czu~cfc

jsd`c~$

No~no~o Yubiakd`

Ijkch Czcisukxc, Bzhof @N

Bzhof ode ujc Sdkuce Doukbdy Pb~le

Hbbe W~b`~offc o~c kd o sdkqsc

wbykukbd ub nskle bd ujc czicllcdu

~cloukbdyjkwy o~bsde ujc KOYI Jb~d bh

Oh~kio Wlod bh Oiukbd$ Ujc wlod

cdjodicy yswwb~u ub ~c`kbdol ode

ibsdu~{&lce w~bicyycy ujou okf ub

oee~cyy ij~bdki jsd`c~ ode

foldsu~kukbd, nskle ujc ~cyklkcdic bh

xsldc~onlc lkxclkjbbey, ode cdys~c

ujc co~l{, oww~bw~kouc, ode chhciukxc

yiolc sw bh oyykyuodic kd ukfcy bh

oisuc i~kyky$


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5

KDU^BESIUKBD

Ujc >7?? e~bs`ju oi~byy ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio poy,

kd ybfc wloicy, ujc pb~yu ub jku ujc ~c`kbd hb~

87 {co~y$ Ku poy hk~yu w~cekiuce onbsu o {co~

nchb~cjode, pjcd ybwjkyukiouce ~c`kbdol co~l{

po~dkd` y{yucfy nc`od ub olc~u ujc pb~le ub ujc

wbyyknklku{ bh e~kc~&ujod&db~fol ibdekukbdy kd ac{

woyub~ol o~coy bh Cujkbwko, Ybfolko ode Db~ujc~d

Acd{o, lkdace ub ujc chhciuy bh ujc ilkfouki

wjcdbfcdbd Lo Dko$

Ujcyc w~cekiukbdy pc~c nb~dc bsu n{ ujc hokls~c

bh ujc Biubnc~Dbxcfnc~ ~okd{ ycoybd kd >7?7$Pjcd ujc hbllbpkd` ~okdy olyb hoklce kd Fo~ijOw~kl

>7??, lbsec~ olo~f nclly nc`od ybsdekd` oy o ylkec

kdub fomb~ i~kyky yuo~uce ub lbba kdcxkuonlc$ [cu

~coiukbdy pc~c yfoll&yiolc ode wouij{$ Db fomb~

~cywbdyc poy losdijce, cxcd pjcd ujc Acd{od

`bxc~dfcdu ecilo~ce ujc e~bs`ju o doukbdol

ekyoyuc~ ou ujc cde bh Fo{$ Ku poy dbu sdukl kfo`cy

bh ujc i~kyky owwco~ce kd `lbnol fceko, ode ujc

Sdkuce Doukbdy ecilo~ce o hofkdc kd upb wo~uy bh

Ybfolko kd fke&Msl{, ujou kduc~doukbdol ebdb~y

yseecdl{ pbac sw ub kuy ycxc~ku{$ N{ ujou ukfc ?9fkllkbd wcbwlc pc~c ohhciuce$

Pjou ky hofkdc2Oiib~ekd` ub ujc Sdkuce Doukbdy *SD+, hofkdc

ky echkdce oy ujc u~kwlc hokls~c bh *?+ hbbe

w~besiukbd1 *>+ wcbwlcy onklku{ ub oiicyy hbbe1

ode hkdoll{ ode fbyu i~sikoll{ *9+ wblkukiol

~cywbdyc n{ bxc~dfcduy ode kduc~doukbdol

ebdb~y$ I~bw hokls~c ode wbxc~u{ lcoxc wcbwlc

xsldc~onlc ub yuo~xoukbd, nsu hofkdc biis~y bdl{

pkuj wblkukiol hokls~c$ Kd Ybfolko, {co~y bh kduc~dol

xkblcdic ode ibdhlkiu joxc nccd jk`jl{ yk`dkhkiodu

kd i~coukd` ujc ibdekukbdy hb~ hofkdc$ Ku ky pb~ujdbukd` ujou Ybfolko joe xc~{ `bbe ~okdy kd >7?7,

yb ku ubba bdl{ upb hoklce ~okd{ ycoybdy ub wlsd`c

o~coy bh ujc ibsdu~{ kdub hofkdc$

Ujc SD sycy o hkxc&yucw yiolc, iollce ujc

Kduc`~ouce Hbbe Ycis~ku{ Wjoyc Iloyykhkioukbd *KWI+,

ecxclbwce pkuj D@By kdilsekd` Bzhof, ub oyycyy

o ibsdu~{y hbbe ycis~ku{$ Yuo`c 3 hofkdc"

jsfodkuo~kod iouoyu~bwjc owwlkcy pjcd fb~c

ujod upb wcbwlc wc~ ?7,777 o~c e{kd` coij eo{,

oisuc foldsu~kukbd ~oucy o~c onbxc 97 wc~icdu, ode

ujc~c o~c hcpc~ ujod >,?77 aklbiolb~kcy bh hbbe odehbs~ lkuc~y bh pouc~ oxoklonlc wc~ wc~ybd wc~ eo{$


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3

Czkyukd` xsldc~onklku{Poy ujc e~bs`ju o ws~cl{ dous~ol ekyoyuc~2 Ku

ky db ibkdikecdic ujou ujc o~coy pb~yu ohhciuce

pc~c ujbyc ol~coe{ yshhc~kd` h~bf ecioecy bh

cdu~cdijce wbxc~u{, pjc~c fod{ ibffsdkukcy

ibdykec~ce ub nc bd ujc h~kd`cy bh ybikcu{ ~cickxc

lkuulc kdxcyufcdu bh ouucdukbd b~ ~cybs~icy$ Kd

wo~ukislo~, ujc woyub~olkyu po{ bh lkhc ky sdec~

ycxc~c w~cyys~c oi~byy ujc ~c`kbd, oy ujck~

oiicyy ub u~oekukbdol `~o}kd` o~coy ky ~cyu~kiuce

n{ ycuulcfcdu ode wbb~ wblkikcy$ Ujc ykusoukbd

ky fsij pb~yc kd Ybfolko, pjc~c ibdhlkiu ky n{

ho~ ujc nk``cyu kdjknkub~ bh ecxclbwfcdu ode

`~bpuj, pkuj js`c dsfnc~y bh wcbwlc ekywloice

bxc~ upb ecioecy$ Oll ujky foacy wbb~c~ wcbwlc

xc~{ xsldc~onlc ub ilkfouc xo~konklku{$ Yb pjklc

ycxc~c ode ~cwcouce e~bs`ju ic~uokdl{ u~k``c~ce

ujc js`c yiolc bh ujc ekyoyuc~, ujky i~kyky poysdebsnucel{ iosyce n{ wcbwlc ode wblkikcy oy

fsij oy n{ pcoujc~ wouuc~dy$

Bzhof= czkyukd` w~b`~ofy ode ij~bdblb`{bh yiolc&swPjklc ujc~c o~c bujc~ dous~ol jo}o~ey kd ujc Jb~d bh

Oh~kio dbuonl{ hlbbekd` e~bs`ju ky n{ ho~ ujc

fbyu pkecyw~coe ode lbd`&uc~f$ Kuy xc~{ dous~c

o ylbp&bdycu jo}o~e ~cqsk~cy o wo~ukislo~ u{wc

bh ~cywbdyc$ Ujc E~bs`ju I{ilc Fodo`cfcdu

Fbecl *Hk`s~c ?+ lbbay ou e~bs`ju oy o i{ilc bh

hbs~ wjoycy= db~fol, olc~u"olo~f, cfc~`cdi{, ode

~cibxc~{$ Ku `skecy pjou yjbsle nc ebdc ou coij bh

ujcyc hbs~ wjoycy, ujsy cdys~kd` ujou oiukbdy o~c

oww~bw~kouc ode chhciukxc, ode ujou ujc{ slukfoucl{

~cesic ujc ~kyay ode ibdycqscdicy bh od{ e~bs`ju$

Bzhof ol~coe{ joe czkyukd` w~b`~ofy kd oll uj~cc

ibsdu~kcy jku n{ ujc e~bs`ju$ Ykdic e~bs`juky o ibffbd hcous~c kd ujc ~c`kbd, fsij bh

Bzhofy lbd`&uc~f pb~a ky pkuj ibffsdkukcy kd

e~bs`ju&w~bdc o~coy1 ku pb~ay pkuj bxc~ >37,777

wcbwlc kd ujc Pomk~ ode Us~aodo ~c`kbdy bh

db~ujc~d Acd{o, ode ycxc~ol jsde~ce ujbsyode

fb~c kd ujc B~bfko, Ybfolk, ode Uk`~o{ ~c`kbdy

bh Cujkbwko$ Kd Ybfolko, loia bh oiicyy n{

jsfodkuo~kod o`cdikcy joe dbu yubwwce Bzhof

pb~akd`, nciosyc bh kuy yu~bd` dcupb~a bh Ybfolk

wo~udc~y$ Hb~ ycxc~ol {co~y, ku joe nccd pb~akd`

uj~bs`j lbiol b~òdk}oukbdy oi~byy ekhhc~cdu~c`kbdy bh ujc ibsdu~{ ub w~bxkec nbuj ~clkch

ode ecxclbwfcdu yswwb~u$ Bd ujc bsuyak~uy bh

Fbòekyjs, Bzhof joy nccd w~bxkekd` cfc~`cdi{

~clkch hb~ onbsu 977,777 wcbwlc pjb joxc nccd

lkxkd` kd foacyjkhu iofwy hb~ ycxc~ol {co~y,

joxkd` hlce hk`jukd` kd ujc iku{$ Ku poy olyb ol~coe{

yswwb~ukd` o ibffsdku{&noyce dsu~kukbd w~b`~of

kd Fbòekyjs kuyclh, `kxkd` ujc~owcsuki hbbe ub

oisucl{ foldbs~kyjce ijkle~cd sdec~ hkxc, ode

fodo`kd` o lo~`c e~bs`ju fkukòukbd w~b`~of kd

ujc ybsuj *Lbpc~ Msno+, pjkij kdxblxce czucdykxc

pb~a bd yu~cdùjcdkd` lkxclkjbbey ub nskle wcbwlcy

Hk`s~c ?= Ujc E~bs`ju I{ilcFodo`cfcdu Fbecl

Kdhb~foukbd

Odkfol jcoluj kduc~xcdukbdy

Jsfod jcoluj kduc~xcdukbdy

Cfc~`cdi{ pouc~ yswwl{ y{yucfy

Yswwlcfcduo~{ hccekd` bhxsldc~onlc `~bswy

Ibffsdku{ ecxclbwfcdu

Ibdukd`cdi{ Wloddkd`

Iowoiku{ Nsklekd`

Kdh~oyu~sius~ol ecxclbwfcdu

Yu~ouc`kiyubiawklkd` bhic~coly ode `~okdy

^cjonklkuoukbd bhi~kukiol nb~cjblcy

Lkxcyubia fo~acukd`

Odkfol jcoluj

Jsfod jcoluj

Yswwlcfcduo~{hccekd` bhlkxcyubia

^cyubiakd`

^cjonklkuoukbd bheofy

Iowoiku{ nsklekd`

Kdh~oyu~sius~olecxclbwfcdu

Hbbe hb~ pb~a

Ioyj hb~ pb~a

Dous~ol ~cybs~icfodo`cfcdukduc~xcdukbdy

Db~folO

lc~u"Olo

~f

Cfc~`cdi{

^cibxc~{

FKUK@OUKBD

W

^CWO^CEDCYY

^CLKCHOYYKYUODIC

^CIBDYU^

SIU

K

BD

Pjklc ujc~c o~c bujc~

dous~ol jo}o~ey kd ujc

Jb~d bh Oh~kio dbuonl{

hlbbekd` e~bs`ju ky n{ ho~

ujc fbyu pkecyw~coe ode

lbd`&uc~f$ Kuy xc~{ dous~c

o ylbp&bdycu jo}o~e

~cqsk~cy o wo~ukislo~ u{wcbh ~cywbdyc$ Ujc E~bs`ju

I{ilc Fodo`cfcdu Fbecl

*Hk`s~c ?+ lbbay ou e~bs`ju

oy o i{ilc bh hbs~ wjoycy=

db~fol, olc~u"olo~f,

cfc~`cdi{, ode ~cibxc~{$

Ku `skecy pjou yjbsle nc

ebdc ou coij bh ujcyc hbs~

wjoycy, ujsy cdys~kd` ujou

oiukbdy o~c oww~bw~kouc

ode chhciukxc, ode ujou

ujc{ slukfoucl{ ~cesic ujc

~kyay ode ibdycqscdicy bhod{ e~bs`ju$


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8

~cyklkcdic ode kfw~bxc ujck~ oiicyy ub hbbe$ Kd

ujcyc o~coy, Bzhof ky ibdhkecdu ujou, pkujbsu ysij

kduc~xcdukbdy, ujc i~kyky ibsle joxc nccd pb~yc$

Kd Modso~{ >7??, ohuc~ ujc louc >7?7 ~okdy hoklce,

Bzhof yuo~uce u~siakd` pouc~ ub >7,777 wcbwlc kd

Cujkbwkoy Ybfolk ~c`kbd oy od s~`cdu yjb~u&uc~ffcoys~c ub nbbyu yswwlkcy nchb~c ujc jbwce&

hb~ Fo~ij ~okdy$ Lbd`c~&uc~f pb~a kd ujc ~c`kbd

kdxblxcy kfw~bxkd` ysyuokdonlc pouc~ yswwlkcy,

nsu ybfc o~coy joxc db `~bsdepouc~ ybs~icy ou

oll, yb wcbwlc o~c ubuoll{ ecwcdecdu bd ~okdholl$ N{

Hcn~so~{, Bzhof poy yccakd` oeekukbdol hsdekd`

ub kdmciu ioyj kdub o~coy bh db~ujc~d Acd{o ode

ub w~buciu lkxcyubia h~bf e{kd` *o ijcowc~ bwukbd

ujod ~cwloikd` odkfoly ohuc~ o i~kyky+$ Loia bh

pouc~ poy ujc fbyu w~cyykd` kyysc, nsu ujc w~kic

bh hbbe ode hscl kd oxoklonlc fo~acuy poy ~kykdè~ofoukioll{, msyu oy ujc xolsc bh wcbwlcy oyycuy

*fokdl{ odkfoly+ poy ibllowykd`$

Kd Ybfolko, kd oeekukbd ub kuy czucdykxc czkyukd`

w~b`~ofy, Bzhof ncòd ysnykek}kd` hscl kd Lbpc~

Msno *ybsujc~d ~c`kbd+ ub accw nb~cjblcy ~sddkd`

hb~ >8,777 wcbwlc, pjklc wo{kd` ibffsdkukcy

ub ek` bsu czkyukd` yjollbp pclly ub kdi~coyc

pouc~ ibllciukbd ~oucy, pjkij jclwce o hs~ujc~

>0,777 wcbwlc$ N{ louc Fo~ij, Bzhof poy kd

s~`cdu ekyisyykbdy pkuj kdyukusukbdol ebdb~y ub

w~bxkec fb~c hsdey hb~ pouc~ u~siakd` *olpo{yod czwcdykxc loyu ~cyb~u+$ Ecfode h~bf czkyukd`

nb~cjblcy poy `cuukd` yb jk`j ujou Bzhof poy

joxkd` ub u~oxcl hs~ujc~ ohkcle ub hkde pouc~, oy

pcll oy joxkd` ub wo{ fb~c hb~ ku$ Bzhof fodo`ce

ub yiolc sw kuy bwc~oukbdy ub ncdchku 99,777

fb~c wcbwlc kd Cujkbwko$ Jbpcxc~, ujcyc oiukbdy

pc~c yfoll&yiolc kd ujc hoic bh ujc `~bpkd` odefb~c xkyknlc dcce1 ujc ysnyuodukol `co~&ijod`c

dccece poy dbu {cu jowwcdkd`$

Ode ujcd ujc Ow~klFo{ ~okdy olyb hoklce$ Ujc~c poy

ybfc wouij{ ~okd kd wo~uy bh Cujkbwko ode Ybfolko,

pjkij kfw~bxce ujkd`y ucfwb~o~kl{, nsu Acd{o

~cfokdce e~{$ N{ louc Msdc ujc fceko joe hkdoll{

pbacd sw ub ujc yub~{, pjkij poy ou kuy fbyu

e~ofouki kd ujc Eoeoon iofw kd Acd{o$ Eoeoon,

pjkij joy czkyuce hb~ ?; {co~y, poy ol~coe{

adbpd oy ujc pb~ley lo~`cyu ~chs`cc iofw, jbfc

ub fod{ ujbsyodey bh Ybfolky hlcckd` {co~y bhibdhlkiu$ Dbp ujc{ pc~c hlcckd` hofkdc oy pcll,

ode Eoeoon `~cp ub jbsyc 553,777 wcbwlc n{ ujc

cde bh ujc {co~ nk``c~ ujod ujc iku{ bh Fkofk,

Hlb~keo, ode chhciukxcl{ foakd` ku ujc ujk~e lo~`cyu

iku{ kd Acd{o, ohuc~ Dok~bnk ode Fbfnoyo$ Kfo`cy

bh czjosyuce Ybfolky pkuj foldbs~kyjce ijkle~cd

o~~kxkd` kd Eoeoon fod{ bh pjbf joe polace hb~

pccay oi~byy ujc ecyc~u jku uclcxkykbd yi~ccdy

ode h~bdu wo`cy, oy ujc SD ecilo~ce wo~uy bh

Ybfolko ub nc kd o yuouc bh hofkdc$ Ou ujou wbkdu,

ujc kduc~doukbdol oke ibffsdku{ yw~od` kdub xc~{xkyknlc oiukbd$

Ujbsyodey bh wcbwlcekywloice n{ ujc e~bs`juoi~byy Ybfolko o~c ycuulkd` kdbwcd ~bsdey kd ujc ybsujc~dwo~u bh Fbòekyjs$ Jc~c,ijkle~cd ode oesluy yjcluc~ bdujc yu~ccuy$ Wjbub= Jkmk~o$


9/32

0

Co~l{ kd Msl{ >7??, Bzhof losdijce o foyykxc

wsnlki owwcol hb~ hsdey ujc lo~`cyu kd kuy

jkyub~{ oi~byy ycxc~ol ibsdu~kcy$ Ujc Ekyoyuc~y

Cfc~`cdi{ Ibffkuucc *ECI+ losdijce o mbkdu

o`cdi{ owwcol kd ujc SA olfbyu kffcekoucl{

ohuc~po~ey, oy eke ujc Esuij Ib&bwc~oukd` Oke

B~òdkyoukbdy ode ujc Iodoekod Jsfodkuo~kod

Ibolkukbd$ Bzhof ncòd ub yiolc sw ~owkel{,

~ci~skukd` lbiol yuohh, ycdekd` kduc~doukbdol

czwc~uy ub yswwb~u ujcf, ode wloddkd` lo~`c&

yiolc cfc~`cdi{ oiukxkukcy pkuj lbiol wo~udc~

b~òdk}oukbdy$ Ecywkuc o ekhhkislu cibdbfki

ilkfouc, ujc wsnlki ~cywbdece xc~{ `cdc~bsyl{ ub

ujc owwcol, ode ujc ysyuokdce fceko ouucdukbd

fcodu ujou ebdoukbdy ibdukdsce ub ibfc kd hb~

ycxc~ol fbdujy ohuc~ ujc kdkukol losdij$ Bzhof

~okyce o ubuol bh %??:$:f hb~ ujky cfc~`cdi{, bh

pjkij olfbyu bdc&ujk~e iofc h~bf fcfnc~y bh

ujc wsnlki *ycc ujc Hkdodic yciukbd+$

Pjcd K yuo~uce pb~akd` kd ujc xc`cuonlc

ò~ecd, K yuo~uce sykd` ujc wloduy ub hcce

ujc ijkle~cd$ Kh ujc~c o~c od{ xc`cuonlcy lchu

bxc~ ohuc~ K joxc hce ujc ijkle~cd, K iod ycll

ujcf ode ns{ yijbblnbbay ode ilbujcy hb~

ujcf$ Kd ujc hsus~c K podu ub nc u~okdce yb

ujou K iod joxc ujc wbpc~ ub ijod`c f{yclh$

K podu ub nc onlc ub eb ujkd`y ujou

K ioddbu eb dbp$ Nchb~c K ekedu adbp jbp

ub fodo`c o ò~ecd ode dbp K adbp, yo{y

Yclkdo Dowcucu, o hcfolc woyub~olkyu kd

Db~uj Us~aodo, Acd{o ode o wo~ukikwodu

kd o w~bmciu ~sd n{ Bzhof ub cdibs~o`c

xc`cuonlc o~ecdkd`$

Yjc ibdukdscy, Pjcd K poy {bsd` K ekeduujkda onbsu ujkd`y o lbu$ F{ houjc~ poy ~kij

ode yb K ekedu pb~~{ onbsu ujc hsus~c$ K

joe cxc~{ujkd` K poduce$ Dbp K ujkda onbsu

ujc hsus~c ode K w~o{ ub @be hb~ yu~cdùj

ode cdc~`{ yb ujou K iod hcce f{ ijkle~cd$

K w~o{ hb~ o `bbe hsus~c hb~ f{ ijkle~cd$ K

ebdu podu ujcf ub joxc w~bnlcfy ujouy

pj{ K ycde ujcf ub yijbbl$ K ebdu podu

ujcf ub ncibfc woyub~olkyuy ckujc~, K podu

ujcf ub joxc `bbe mbny ode nc cfwlb{ce

yb ujou ujc{ iod uoac io~c bh ujck~ hofklkcy

ode joxc `bbe hsus~cy$ K of yukll pokukd` ub

los`j$ Pjcd f{ ijkle~cd hkdkyj yijbbl ode

`cu `bbe mbny, K pkll los`j ujcd$

Bzhofy o~ecdkd` w~bmciu kd Db~uj Us~aodo

ky ywcikhkioll{ okfce ou hcfolc woyub~olkyuy,

pkuj ujc okf bh nbbyukd` ujck~ kdibfcy ode

kfw~bxkd` ekcuy$ Bzhof òxc ò~ecdkd`

ubbly ysij oy ~oacy, jbcy, pouc~kd` iody,

hcdikd`, ode yccey, ode ujc wlbuy o~c

k~~kòuce sykd` ujc pouc~ ~sd&bhh h~bf

dco~n{ pouc~ wbkduy$

Ioyc Yuse{ @~bpkd` o hsus~c kd Us~aodo

Yclkdo Dowcucu, 3;, lkxcy kdujc xkllo`c bh Doubb pkujjc~ hofkl{$ Ujc{ syce ubnc woyub~olkyuy nsu lbyuoll bh ujck~ odkfoly es~kdùjc e~bs`ju$ Dbp Yclkdo kypb~akd` kd Bzhofy akuijcdò~ecd$ Wjbub= Olcmode~bIjoyakclnc~`$

O e~bs`ju ky o ylbp bdycu i~kyky, ode

sdlkac o yseecd iouoyu~bwjc yo{ od

co~ujqsoac b~ o hlbbe ku iod nc

ekhhkislu ub oyic~uokd ujc wbkdu ou

pjkij ujc nolodic ukwy ode ku ncibfcy

kfwc~oukxc ub kduc~xcdc pkuj s~`cduoyykyuodic$ Modc Ibiakd`,

Jsfodkuo~kod Ek~ciub~, Bzhof @N$


10/32

Ibsdu~{ ^c`kbdy Ncdchkiko~{ dsfnc~y h~bf Msl{ ?, >7??

Ybfolko Fbòekyjs, Oh`b{c, Lbpc~ Msno,@ceb ( Fkeelc Msno, @ceb, Jk~od,Lbpc~ ( Fkeelc Yjonclc, @olòesseode Ybfolklode

?,939,777

Acd{o Eoeoon iofwy, Pomk~, Us~aodo ?,737,777

Cujkbwko Ybfolk ~c`kbd *Yjcdkllc, Mkmkò,Ohec~ ode Lkncd }bdcy+ B~bfko~c`kbd *Nb~cdo, Pcyu O~yk, Nolc ode@smk }bdcy+, Uk`~o{

5>3,377

Ubuol >,:>:,377

:

Yibwc bh ujky ~cwb~uUjky ~cwb~u ecyi~kncy pjou Bzhof ode kuy wo~udc~y

joxc oijkcxce ykdic Msl{ >7??, ode olyb lbbay

ou pjou dccey ub nc ebdc kd ujc hsus~c, nbuj ub

jclw wcbwlc ~cibxc~ h~bf ujky wo~ukislo~ e~bs`ju

ode ub kdi~coyc ujck~ ~cyklkcdic ub ~okd hokls~cy

pjkij pkll ic~uokdl{ biis~ oòkd$ @kxcd ujc xc~{

ekhhc~cdu ibsdu~{ ibduczuy kd pjkij Bzhof joy nccd

bwc~oukd`, ujc ~cwb~u ky ywlku kdub uj~cc yciukbdy

ysffo~k}kd` pjou ku joy ebdc *ek~ciul{ ode uj~bs`j

lbiol wo~udc~y+ kd Ybfolko, Acd{o, ode Cujkbwko$

Yciub~oll{, ku ecyi~kncy jbp ku joy ~cywbdece kd

ujc hbllbpkd` ucijdkiol o~coy=

Oiicyyubhbbenbujyjb~u&uc~f*ioyj`~oduy,hbbe oke+ ode hb~ lbd`c~&uc~f lkxclkjbbey

*~cyub~kd` jc~ey ode ho~fy, kfw~bxkd` wcbwlcy

oiicyy ub fo~acuy, ode jclwkd` ujcf ub ekxc~ykh{

ujck~ lkxclkjbbey+1

Oiicyyubpouc~lo~`cl{yjb~u&uc~f1

Kfw~bxkd`wsnlkijcolujpjc~c~kyaypc~cjk`jcyu1

Sykd`kuyczwc~kcdicbdujc`~bsdeublbnn{hb~

lbd`c~&uc~f ijod`c$

Ujky ~cwb~u ky kducdece ub oiibsdu ub ujc

kdekxkesoly, bxc~dfcduy, ode kdyukusukbdy ujou

òxc yb `cdc~bsyl{ ub Bzhofy Jb~d bh Oh~kioowwcol, oy pcll oy ub ujc b~òdk}oukbdy wo~udc~y,

ollkcy, xblsducc~y, ode yuohh$ Ujc Hkdodic yciukbd

*bd wo`c >8+ w~bxkecy ujc ecuokl bh jbp fsij

fbdc{ poy ~okyce hb~ ujc Coyu Oh~kio hbbe i~kyky

owwcol ode jbp hsdey joxc nccd ollbiouce$

Uj~bs`jbsu ujc ~cwb~u, pc syc ujc uc~f Bzhof ub

~chc~ ub ujc Bzhof ibdhcec~oukbd oy o pjblc ode

ujc Bzhof ohhklkoucy ujou o~c ~sddkd` w~b`~ofy

bd ujc `~bsde kd ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio *k$c$ Bzhof @N,

Bzhof Ofc~kio, Kduc~fd Bzhof, Bzhof Iodoeo ode

Bzhof Dbxkn+, pb~akd` pkuj ode uj~bs`j wo~udc~b~òdkyoukbdy kd Ybfolko, Cujkbwko ode Acd{o$

Pjou Bzhof ekeNciosyc ujc e~bs`ju ohhciuce uj~cc ibsdu~kcy

oi~byy bdc lo~`c ~c`kbd, Bzhof h~ofce kuy owwcol

kd uc~fy bh bdc bxc~o~ijkd` i~kyky ohhciukd`

ibsdu~kcy kd ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio$ Jbpcxc~, ujc

i~kyky ohhciuce wcbwlc ekhhc~cdul{ kd coij

bh ujbyc ibsdu~kcy$ Ujck~ ekhhc~kd` wblkukiol

ibduczuy, hb~ kdyuodic, ~cqsk~ce Bzhof ub oebwu

ekhhc~cdu uoiukiy, pjcujc~ ek~ciul{ b~ uj~bs`j

lbiol b~òdk}oukbdy, b~ ou ~couc~ b~ lcyyc~

ywccey$ Iofw ykusoukbdy olyb ~cqsk~ce ekhhc~cdu

~cywbdycy ub ibffsdku{ bdcy$ Ujc~chb~c, ~oujc~

ujod ~cwb~u noia bd o ykd`lc w~b`~of, ujky ~cwb~u

lbbay ycwo~oucl{ ou ujc po{y kd pjkij Bzhof

~cywbdece kd Ybfolko, Cujkbwko, ode Acd{o,n~kd`kd` ujc uj~cc ~cywbdycy ub`cujc~ kd ujc

hkdodikol ysffo~{ yciukbd$

Ub chhciukxcl{ kfwlcfcdu e~bs`ju cfc~`cdi{

~cywbdyc w~bmciuy, Bzhof joy wsu kd wloic

yu~bd` hkcle&noyce fbdkub~kd` y{yucfy kd Acd{o,

Cujkbwko ode Ybfolko *pb~akd` uj~bs`j wo~udc~y+$

Ujky cdonlcy Bzhof ub u~oia ujc ~cywbdyc

ykusoukbd xc~{ ilbycl{ ode ofcde oww~boijcy

oy dcicyyo~{$ Bzhofy jsfodkuo~kod ~cywbdyc

kd coij bh ujc ibsdu~kcy poy cxolsouce ohuc~

o hcp fbdujy, pkuj o hbisy bd oyycyykd` ujcukfclkdcyy bh ~cywbdyc, ibb~ekdoukbd, ode

ibllonb~oukbd pkuj bujc~y$ Ujc kdhb~foukbd ode

lco~dkd` h~bf ysij cxolsoukbdy *dbp o ~bsukdc

wo~u bh od{ Bzhof ~cywbdyc+ poy syce ub oee~cyy

ode kfw~bxc w~b`~of oiukxkukcy, ode pkll olyb nc

syce ub kfw~bxc ujc qsolku{ bh hsus~c cfc~`cdi{

~cywbdycy$

Hk`s~c >=Pjc~c Bzhof pb~ace odepjb ku jclwce$


11/32

;

Ybfolko poy sdebsnucel{ ujc pb~yu&jku ibsdu~{

kd ujc ~c`kbd, pkuj fb~c ujod hbs~ fkllkbd

wcbwlc *b~ ilbyc ub jolh ujc ubuol wbwsloukbd+

ek~ciul{ ohhciuce$ O ibfnkdoukbd bh e~bs`ju,

~kykd` hbbe ode hscl w~kicy, >7 {co~y bh po~, ode

~cyu~kiuce jsfodkuo~kod oiicyy pc~c ujc fokd

hoiub~y ujou wsyjce ykz ybsujc~d ode icdu~ol

o~coy kdub hofkdc$ Ujc lbd`yuodekd` ibdhlkiu

wlo{ce o wo~ukislo~l{ kfwb~uodu wo~u kd wcbwlcy

czkyukd` xsldc~onklku{ ujbyc hlcckd` xkblcdic

o~c dbu islukxoukd` i~bwy b~ co~dkd` fsij bh o

lkxclkjbbe$ Ujc SD cyukfouce kd Msl{ >7?? ujou

dco~l{ >7 wc~icdu bh ujc wbwsloukbd *?$3 fkllkbd

wcbwlc+ pc~c ekywloice kdykec Ybfolko, pkuj

ujbsyodey fb~c lcoxkd` cxc~{ pcca hb~ iofwy kd

Acd{o ode Cujkbwko$ Ekywloicfcdu, lbyy bh folc

n~coepkddc~y, ode ujc ibllowyc bh ibffsdku{

yswwb~u yu~sius~cy joy foec pbfcd cywcikoll{

xsldc~onlc$ Bhucd lkxkd` kd ucfwb~o~{ yjcluc~y,

pkuj db yucoe{ kdibfc b~ ybs~icy bh yswwb~u,

ujc{ eb pjou ujc{ iod ub `cu uj~bs`j ujc jo~e

ukfcy uoakd` bd od kdi~coyce pb~alboe ode

ns~ecd hb~ ujc bxc~oll ~cywbdyknklku{ hb~ ujcys~xkxol bh ujck~ jbsycjble$

Bzhof joy nccd pb~akd` kd Ybfolko hb~ fod{

{co~y, nsu, nciosyc bh kdycis~ku{, dbd&Ybfolky

ioddbu u~oxcl h~ccl{ kd ujc ibsdu~{$ Bzhof

ujc~chb~c pb~ay cduk~cl{ pkuj lbiol b~òdk}oukbdy,

ode hb~ ujc woyu hcp {co~y joy nccd ysiicyyhsll{

eclkxc~kd` cyycdukol ode lbd`c~&uc~f yc~xkicy

ub lo~`c ibffsdkukcy ujou joxc hlce xkblcdic,

kdilsekd` o~bsde 5?7,777 wcbwlc lkxkd` kd

foacyjkhu iofwy olbd` ujc Oh`b{c ~boe bsu bh

Fbòekyjs$ Bzhof poy olyb pb~akd` kd Fbòekyjs

kuyclh, yswwl{kd` pouc~ kd Ncdoek~ jbywkuol ujcbdl{ ijkle~cdy jbywkuol kd ujc iku{ ode ~sddkd`

ujc ykd`lc lo~`cyu dsu~kukbd w~b`~of kd ujc

ibsdu~{, xko u~coufcdu icduc~y ~sd n{ o ywcikolkyu

wo~udc~ b~òdkyoukbd, pjkij pc~c ol~coe{ ycckd`

bxc~ ?>,777 ijkle~cd o fbduj$ Kd oeekukbd,

ujc jbywkuol ~sdy kffsdk}oukbd ode dsu~kukbd

w~b`~ofy hb~ w~c`dodu ode loiuoukd` fbujc~y, oy

pcll oy j{`kcdc oexkic$ Kd ujc ybsujc~d ~c`kbdy,

Bzhof poy yswwb~ukd` bxc~ >77,777 wcbwlc

ohhciuce n{ lbd`&uc~f e~bs`ju ibdekukbdy

ekxc~ykh{kd` i~bw w~besiukbd, kfw~bxkd` k~~kòukbd,ode yswwb~ukd` kdibfc cdc~oukbd$

YBFOLKO


12/32

?7

Kd ujc co~l{ fbdujy bh >7??, co~l{ po~dkd`

y{yucfy ijo~uce ujc ibdycqscdicy bh ujc hokls~c

bh ujc ~okdy ode ujc `~oesol ecuc~kb~oukbd bh ujc

hbbe ycis~ku{ ykusoukbd$ Wo~udc~ b~òdk}oukbdyncòd ub foac ~c`slo~ oyycyyfcduy bh

ibdekukbdy, ode Bzhof oww~boijce lo~`c

kdyukusukbdol ebdb~y ub ~cqscyu oeekukbdol

yswwb~u$ Jbpcxc~, `kxcd ujc ij~bdki yuouc

bh cfc~`cdi{ kd Ybfolko, ku poy jo~e hb~

yuohh ub ibdxkdic ujc bsuykec pb~le ujou ujky

poy ncibfkd` od sdsysoll{ yc~kbsy i~kyky$

Oeekukbdoll{, `kxcd ujc ijollcd`cy bh `cuukd`

od{bdc kdub ujc ibsdu~{ h~bf bsuykec, ~okykd` ujc

w~bhklc bh ujc i~kyky kd ujc fceko poy czu~cfcl{

ekhhkislu$ Bzhof ibdukdsce ujc~chb~c ub kdi~coyc

yswwb~u ub kuy czkyukd` wo~udc~y, nsu loiace ujchlczknklku{ bh nckd` onlc ub yiolc sw yswwb~u n{

ycdekd` kd oeekukbdol czwc~uy b~ ub nskle w~bfwu

~cloukbdyjkwy pkuj dcp wo~udc~y, pjkij ku pbsle

joxc nccd onlc ub eb clycpjc~c kd ujc pb~le$

Ujc kdhlsz bh ~chs`ccy kdub Eoeoon, hbllbpce n{

ujc ecilo~oukbd bh hofkdc n{ ujc SD bd Msl{ >7,

n~bs`ju js`c fceko ouucdukbd ode ujc fbdc{

dccece ub ~coll{ yiolc sw ujc ~clkch chhb~u, nsu oll

bh Bzhofy pb~a poy ibdesiuce uj~bs`j lbiol

b~òdk}oukbdy pjbyc czwc~ukyc ode iowoiku{echkdce ujc yibwc ode yiolc bh ~cywbdyc$

Dcxc~ujclcyy, msyu bxc~ upb fbdujy kdub ujky

yiolc&sw wjoyc, ujc ibfnkdce chhb~uy pc~c

kfw~cyykxc$ Bzhof joe hbsde dcp wo~udc~y kd ujc

@ceb ~c`kbd, czwodece kuy yswwb~u kd Fbòekyjs,

ode czucdece kuy ibxc~o`c bh ibffsdkukcy kd ujcOh`b{c ib~~keb~ oy pcll oy ujc Jk~od, @olòesse,

ode Fkeelc ode Lbpc~ Yjoncllc ~c`kbdy$ N{

Ycwucfnc~, kuy wo~udc~y pc~c ~coijkd` >5 wc~icdu

bh ujc ohhciuce wbwsloukbd$ Ujc pb~a hbisyce

bd uj~cc n~boe u{wcy bh yswwb~u= ujc foyy

w~bxkykbd bh pouc~1 ujc w~bxkykbd bh o fkz bh ioyj,

o`~kislus~ol, ode lkxcyubia yswwb~u ub jclw wcbwlc

oiicyy hbbe1 ode ujc~owcsuki hccekd` bh ijkle~cd

sdec~ hkxc$ Bzhof poy onlc ub bhhc~ o `bbe ecol bh

ucijdkiol yswwb~u ub kuy wo~udc~y bhhykuc, kd Acd{o

ode Ybfolklode, pjkij kdilsece oiibsdukd`,

fbdkub~kd`, ~cwb~ukd`, ode ~ci~skukd` yuohh$

Pouc~ yswwl{, yodkuoukbd, ode j{`kcdcw~bfbukbd *POYJ+Jclwkd` wcbwlc `cu cdbs`j pouc~ poy o i~sikol

oywciu bh Bzhofy pb~a kd Ybfolko$ Wkwce pouc~

y{yucfy, nb~cjblc ~cwok~ ode e~kllkd`, ode

u~siakd` pouc~ ub ibffsdkukcy pc~c ujc fokd

oiukxkukcy$ Bzhof eke ujky oi~byy oll kuy w~b`~of

o~coy, oeowukd` kuy uoiukiy ub pjou poy oxoklonlc

lbioll{$ Nb~cjblcy ~cqsk~c ywcikolkyu cqskwfcdu ub

e~kll eccw kdub ujc `~bsde, ode fbub~ wsfwy odehscl ub wsfw ujc pouc~ bsu kdub yub~o`c uoday hb~

Cujkbwko

Ebllb Oeb

Acd{o

Ybfolklode

YBFOLKO

Eoeoon

@ceb

Esno

Yjoecllc

Oh`b{cFbòekyjs

7 97787 ?>7 ?:7 >57 Fklcy

7 577?77 >77 977 Aklbfcuc~y


13/32

??

ekyu~knsukbd$ Pjc~c yjollbp pclly iod nc es` b~

ilcodce bsu, Bzhof iod wo{ ibffsdkukcy ub ek`

ujcf$ U~siakd` pouc~ ky czwcdykxc ode ky syce

bdl{ oy o yjb~u&uc~f fcoys~c, yb pouc~ fk`ju nc

u~siace ub ibffsdkukcy pjklc o lbiol yswwl{ ky

hbsde b~ o wkwclkdc ky ~sd kd h~bf odbujc~ ybs~ic$

Yodkuoukbd ode j{`kcdc w~bfbukbd oiukxkukcy

pc~c lo~`cl{ ~cyu~kiuce ub iofwy hb~ kduc~doll{

ekywloice wcbwlc ode wloicy pjc~c ekywloice

wcbwlc pc~c i~bpece ub`cujc~$ Ujc lkda ncupccd

wbb~ j{`kcdc ode foldsu~kukbd ky yu~bd` kd

bxc~i~bpece cdxk~bdfcduy, cywcikoll{ pjc~c

wcbwlc o~c syce ub lkxkd` kd fb~c ywoikbsy ~s~ol

cdxk~bdfcduy$ Ujc ~kyay bh ekycoyc o~c jk`j, oy

eko~~jco kdjknkuy ujc onyb~wukbd bh hbbe ode iod

ycu bhh o ebpdpo~e ywk~ol bh wj{ykiol ecilkdc

pjkij iod akll xc~{ {bsd`, ble, b~ ykia wcbwlc$

Ujc yw~oplkd` ycuulcfcduy olbd` ujc Oh`b{cib~~keb~ ibdyukusuc o js`c ekywloicfcdu iofw,

pjc~c wo~udc~y wsnlki jcoluj ucofy joxc nccd

ibdyuodul{ cfwlb{ce kd ykukd` ode fokduokdkd`

lou~kdcy, fbnklk}kd` ibffsdku{ ~bswy ub

~sd iofwok`dy w~bfbukd` `bbe j{`kcdc ode

opo~cdcyy bh ujc fbyu yc~kbsy ekycoycy, ysij

oy ijblc~o, ode ekyu~knsukd` noyki j{`kcdc kucfy

lkac ybow$

@kxcd ujou POYJ ky bdc bh Bzhofy w~kdikwol

w~bhcyykbdol ibfwcucdikcy, ku poy h~syu~oukd` dbu

ub nc onlc ub w~bxkec ujc lcxcl bh ek~ciu ucijdkiolyswwb~u ecyk~ce$ Jbpcxc~, Bzhof io~~kce bsu

ecuoklce fbdkub~kd` bh kuy wo~udc~y oiukxkukcy,

pjkij kdilsece pouc~ qsoduku{ ode qsolku{,

wj{ykiol hoiklkukcy, lou~kdc ibxc~o`c, pjou cyycdukol

j{`kcdc kucfy joe nccd ekyu~knsuce, jbp ujc

dccey bh fcd ode pbfcd joe nccd ywcikhkioll{

fcu, ode jbp ujc ncdchkiko~{ ibffsdkukcy joe

nccd kdxblxce kd ujc pjblc w~bicyy$

Bxc~ ujc hk~yu dkdc fbdujy bh ujky ~cywbdyc,

Bzhof yswwb~uce fb~c ujod ;:7,777 wcbwlc

kd Ybfolko ywcikhkioll{ pkuj ilcod pouc~& ode

jcoluj&~clouce oiukxkukcy$

Pj{ `kxc ioyj kd o hofkdc2Kd o~coy pjc~c ujc~c ky ybfc hbbe w~besiukbd

b~ ujc~c o~c czkyukd` u~oec ~bsucy n~kd`kd` ku kd,

Bzhof olpo{y oexbioucy `kxkd` wcbwlc ioyj ub

cdonlc ujcf ub ns{ ujck~ bpd hbbe, ~oujc~ ujod

uoakd` bd hbbe ekyu~knsukbdy bh kuy bpd$ Ibdu~o~{

ub pjou ujc uc~f hofkdc kfwlkcy, kd Ybfolkoy

ioyc ujc w~bnlcf poy dbu ujou ujc~c poy db hbbe

oxoklonlc= fo~acuy pc~c yukll hsdiukbdkd`, ycllkd`

lbiol ode kfwb~uce hbbe nsu ou jk`j w~kicy$

Bzhof ujc~chb~c ubba ujc ecikykbd ub kdmciu ioyj

kdub ujc cibdbf{, `kxkd` ujc fbyu xsldc~onlc

jbsycjbley ujc pjc~cpkujol ub ns{ pjou ujc{

dccece$ Ujc b~`odk}oukbd pb~ace pkuj wo~udc~y

kd Msno, @ceb, Lbpc~ ode Fkeelc Yjoncllc, Jk~od,

Nodoek~, ode Fb`oekyjs ub kecdukh{ ncdchkiko~kcy,

w~kb~kuk}kd` hofklkcy pkuj jk`jl{ foldbs~kyjce

ijkle~cd ode hcfolc&jcoece jbsycjbley$ Ujcd kusyce lbiol ~cfkuuodic ibfwodkcy ub fodo`c ujc

ekyns~ycfcduy bh ioyj, kd ofbsduy bh ncupccd

Bzhof wo~udc~ Jkm~o joynccd w~bxkekd` yohce~kdakd` pouc~, yodkuoukbdhoiklkukcy, ode wsnlkijcoluj oexkic, ub bxc~ bdcjsde~ce ujbsyode wcbwlclkxkd` kd foacyjkhu iofwy$Wo~u bh ujky kdxblxcy ycuukd`sw yu~ccu yk`dy w~bfbukd``bbe j{`kcdc w~oiukic$

Wjbub= Io~blkdc @lsia$


14/32

?>

%03 ode %?77 wc~ jbsycjble cxc~{ fbduj hb~ ykz

fbdujy$ Ujc ioyj ~ouc poy noyce bd ujc w~kic

bh od oxc~o`c hbbe noyacu bh noyki dcicyykukcy,

oemsyuce hb~ kdhloukbd$ Bxc~ ujc ykz fbdujy, ku

fodo`ce ub yswwb~u bxc~ 99,777 hofklkcy *dco~l{

>77,777 wcbwlc+ kd ujky po{ od sdw~cicecduce

dsfnc~ hb~ od Bzhof ioyj w~b`~of$

Kd ujc ybsuj ode icdu~ol ~c`kbdy, pjc~c Bzhof

joe o lbd`yuodekd` w~b`~of bh e~bs`ju ~clkch

oiukxkukcy, ku fc~`ce ujc ioyj ekyns~ycfcduy pkuj

ekyu~knsukbdy bh yccey ode ubbly kd ukfc hb~ ujc

dczu ~okd{ ycoybd$ Ku olyb òxc ho~fc~y ebdac{y

ode io~uy ub jclw ujcf ub u~odywb~u ujc ubbly

dcicyyo~{ ub w~cwo~c ujc lode hb~ wlodukd`$

Kd dkdc fbdujy, Bzhof joe yswwb~uce dco~l{

377,777 wcbwlc bsu bh ujc ?$9 fkllkbd ubuol uo~`cuce

pkuj o xo~kcu{ bh oiukxkukcy ecyk`dce ub kfw~bxc

oiicyy ub hbbe, nbuj yjb~u&uc~f *k$c$ ioyj+ ode

lbd`c~&uc~f *k$c$ yswwb~u ub ~cyub~c lkxclkjbbey+$

Hccekd` ijkle~cdPkuj hofkdc ohhciukd` ykz ~c`kbdy bh Ybfolko,

ujbsyodey bh Ybfolk hofklkcy hlce kdub Fbòekyjs

ou ujc wcoa bh ujc e~bs`ju i~kyky, yccakd` hbbe

ode bujc~ cfc~`cdi{ yswwb~u$ Bzhof joy od

czkyukd` wo~udc~ pjkij ~sdy jcoluj icduc~y

ywcikhkioll{ hb~ foldbs~kyjce ijkle~cd$ N{

kdi~coykd` kuy yswwb~u h~bf ck`ju icduc~y ub ?8,

Bzhof poy onlc ub jclw ujc jcoluj icduc~y oefku

ode u~cou fb~c ujod ?>,777 sdec~&hkxcy o fbdujh~bf Os`syu >7?? sdukl ujc w~cycdu$

Kd ujc icduc~y, ijkle~cd o~c pck`jce ode

fcoys~ce, ode ujck~ fke&swwc~ o~f ik~isfhc~cdic

*ky fcoys~ce$ Ujcyc ucyuy pkll kdekiouc jbp

foldbs~kyjce o ijkle ky$ Ujc fbyu ycxc~cl{

foldbs~kyjce o~c oefkuuce kdub ujc Bsuwoukcdu

Ujc~owcsuki W~b`~of, pjklc bujc~y o~c oefkuuce

kdub ujc Yswwlcfcduo~{ Hccekd` W~b`~of$ Oll

o~c `kxcd woiacuy bh ujc~owcsuki hbbe ysij oyWlsfw{ Dsu, ode ijciace ~c`slo~l{ ujc~cohuc~

ub hbllbp ujck~ w~b`~cyy$ Ijkle~cd pjb joxc

fcekiol ibfwlkioukbdy o~c kffcekoucl{ ycdu ub

yuonklk}oukbd icduc~y ujou o~c ~sd n{ ywcikolkyu

D@By$ Ujc jcoluj icduc~y olyb uoac ujc bwwb~usdku{

ub xoiikdouc nbuj fbujc~y ode ijkle~cd oòkdyu

ujc fbyu yc~kbsy ibduo`kbsy ekycoycy, ysij oy

fcoylcy, pjbbwkd` ibs`j, ode ucuodsy$ N{ ujc

cde bh Fo~ij >7?>, Bzhof joe yswwb~uce ?33,777

ijkle~cd uj~bs`j ujc pjblc dsu~kukbd w~b`~of$

Ujc {co~ ojcoeYbfolko ky db lbd`c~ kd o yuouc bh hofkdc, nsu esc

ub ibdukdsce wbb~ ~okdy ode sd~cyblxce ibdhlkiu ku

~cfokdy kd o i~kukiol cfc~`cdi{, pjkij ibdukdscy

ub nc bdc bh ujc nk``cyu i~kycy kd ujc pb~le$ Ujc

loia bh od{ yk`d bh wcoic fcody ujou ujc Ybfolky

dbp lkxkd` kd ujc ~chs`cc iofwy kd Acd{o ode

Cujkbwko yjbp db kdilkdoukbd ub `b jbfc1 ujky

pkll joxc kfwlkioukbdy hb~ Bzhofy pb~a kd ujbyc

iofwy, oy pcll oy kuy ibdukdsce chhb~uy ub `kxc

w~oiukiol yswwb~u ub wcbwlc kdykec Ybfolko ode kuy

ysyuokdce lbnn{kd` hb~ jsfodkuo~kod oiicyy odeo lbd`c~&uc~f wblkukiol yblsukbd$

Ijkle~cd wlo{ ou NoenooebKEW iofw, pjkij poybwcdce kd Msl{ >7?? odeky ujc nk``cyu KEW iofw kdFbòekyjs, pkuj bxc~ 3,777wcbwlc lkxkd` ujc~c$Wjbub= Io~blkdc @lsia$


15/32

?9

O`~kislus~ol ibffsdkukcy kd ybsujc~d Ybfolko ujc

ibsdu~{y `~okd noyacu o~c nckd` ycxc~cl{ ohhciuce n{ ujcbd`bkd` e~bs`ju, pjkij joy ~cysluce kd pkecyw~coe i~bw

hokls~c$ Kd >7??, ic~col i~bw w~besiukbd poy ujc lbpcyu ku

joe nccd kd ?0 {co~y, ode w~kicy ybo~ce esc ub epkdelkd`

lbiol yubiay$ Ujc i~kyky fcodu ujou ycce w~cxkbsyl{ acwu

oykec hb~ ~cwlodukd` poy syce oy hbbe, yb ho~fc~y ekedu

joxc yccey ub wlodu ojcoe bh ujc oww~boijkd` ~okd{

ycoybd$ Cxcd pjcd ycce ky oxoklonlc bd ujc fo~acu, fod{

jbsycjbley eb dbu joxc ujc fbdc{ ub ws~ijoyc ku$

Ho~fc~y yu~s``lce ub w~bxkec hbbe hb~ ujcfyclxcy ode ujck~

hofklkcy, ode pc~c olyb dbu ~cickxkd` od kdibfc$ Ku poy

czwciuce ujou ~cibxc~{ hb~ o`~kislus~ol jbsycjbley pbslenc ylbp, cxcd kh ujc Dbxcfnc~ ~okdy pc~c onbxc oxc~o`c$

Bzhof jclwce ho~fc~y `cu uj~bs`j ujky ekhhkislu ukfc ode

w~bxkece jbwc hb~ o ncuuc~ jo~xcyu ohuc~ ujc ~okdy$

Ykdic Fo{ >7?7, Bzhof, uj~bs`j kuy lbiol wo~udc~

POYEO, joy nccd yswwb~ukd` ho~fc~y kd Lbpc~ ode

Fkeelc Msno uj~bs`j o ibffsdku{&lce hbbe ycis~ku{

kdkukoukxc o uj~cc&{co~ w~bmciu pjkij yswwb~uce ck`ju

xkllo`cy kd >7?7, ode ky is~~cdul{ yswwb~ukd` o hs~ujc~

ycxcd xkllo`cy$ Odbujc~ w~bmciu, yuo~uce kd Ecicfnc~

>7?7 ode eclkxc~ce uj~bs`j Bzhof wo~udc~y ICE ode

JOÊB, joy yb ho~ ncdchkuce bxc~ ?5,777 hofklkcy olbdùjc ~c`kbdy bh Lbpc~ ode Fkeelc Yjoncllc ode Jk~od$

Ujcyc w~bmciuy pc~c yiolce sw kd ~cywbdyc ub ujc

hofkdc kd >7?? ode o~c yukll bd`bkd`$

Ujc w~bmciu u~odyhc~~ce ioyj ub ho~fkd` hofklkcy ub

jclw ujcf fccu kffcekouc hbbe dccey ode ws~ijoycyccey$ Bxc~ ujc woyu {co~, bxc~ 977,777 wcbwlc kd

Ybsuj Icdu~ol Ybfolko ~cickxce ncupccd %:7 ode %?77

cdbs`j ub ns{ hbbe ode yswwlkcy hb~ o hofkl{ hb~ bdc

fbduj$ Kd oeekukbd, bxc~ ;7,777 ho~fc~y kd Lbpc~ ode

Fkeelc Yjoncllc, Lbpc~ ode Fkeelc Msno ode Jk~od joxc

ncdchkuce h~bf o`~kislus~ol kdwsuy ysij oy yccey, ubbly,

lode w~cwo~oukbd ode ucijdkiol u~okdkd`, ub jclw ujcf

`~bp i~bwy kd ukfc hb~ ujc dczu jo~xcyu$ Dcp pouc~

wsfwy ode ujc ~cjonklkuoukbd bh lbiol pclly jclwce

ho~fc~y k~~kòuc ujck~ lode hb~ islukxoukbd$

Joyyod, o ho~fc~ kd Lbpc~ Msno, yoke ujc w~bmciu jclwce

jky hofkl{ yuo{ kd Ybfolko ~oujc~ ujod fbxc ub Eoeoon

~chs`cc iofw kd Acd{o= K poy ibducfwloukd` ub fbxc ub

Eoeoon pkuj f{ hofkl{ ykdic pc eke dbu joxc od{ hbbe kd

bs~ yub~c esc ub hokls~c bh ~okdy loyu ycoybd ode pc joe

db bujc~ ybs~ic bh kdibfc ub ys~xkxc$ Lsiakl{, ujc POYEO

ucof iofc ub bs~ xkllo`c ode uble sy ujc{ iod yswwb~u sy

pkuj pouc~ wsfwy ub k~~kòuc bs~ ho~fy ode K poy lsia{

ub nc ofbd` ujbyc yclciuce ub ncdchku h~bf ujc yswwb~u$

Dbp K joxc cdbs`j hbbe hb~ f{ hofkl{ sdukl dczu ycoybd

Oy o ~cyslu bh ujc w~bmciu, ho~fc~y kd ycxc~ol o~coy

ohhciuce n{ hofkdc fodo`ce ub ysiicyyhsll{ jo~xcyu

i~bwy nbuj w~bxkekd` hbbe hb~ ujck~ bpd hofklkcy ode

olyb foakd` yuowlc hbbey fb~c oxoklonlc ode ohhb~eonlc$

Nclbp= Jo~xcyukd` fok}c kd Fkeelc Msno$ Wjbub= POYEO

Ioyc Yuse{ W~bxkekd` jbwc hb~ ujc dczu jo~xcyu


16/32

?5

Kd >7??, upb ibdycisukxc ycoybdol ~okdy hoklce kd

Cujkbwko$ Ujc ~cyslu poy ycxc~c e~bs`ju ohhciukd`

o dsfnc~ bh w~bxkdicy kd wo~ukislo~ kd ujc

B~bfko ode Ybfolk ~c`kbdy$ N{ Msl{, ujc Cujkbwkod

`bxc~dfcdu cyukfouce ujou od oisuc hbbe i~kyky

poy ohhciukd` 5$3 fkllkbd wcbwlc od kdi~coyc bh

57 wc~icdu h~bf od cyukfouc ku joe foec uj~cc

fbdujy co~lkc~$

B~bfko ode Ybfolk o~c nbuj js`c, ~cfbuc,

ode cyycdukoll{ ~s~ol ~c`kbdy$ Ykzu{ wc~icdu

bh ujc wcbwlc lkxkd` ujc~c foac o lkxkd` h~bf

woyub~olkyf, ~cl{kd` bd lkxcyubia hb~ ysyucdodic

ode od kdibfc, ode fbxkd` pkuj ujck~ jc~ey

oiib~ekd` ub ujc ycoybdol oxoklonklku{ bh woyus~c$

O hs~ujc~ >3 wc~icdu o~c o`~b&woyub~olkyuy,

cd`o`ce kd o fkz bh odkfol ~co~kd` ode i~bw

islukxoukbd$ Ujc ~cfokdkd` ?3 wc~icdu o~c fbyul{

ycecduo~{, ho~fkd` lode dco~ ~kxc~y$

Woyus~c, nckd` cduk~cl{ ~okd&hce, yshhc~ce noel{

es~kd` ujc e~bs`ju, ode woyub~ol ibffsdkukcy

pc~c hb~ice ub `b hs~ujc~ ohkcle ub hkde hbeec~$Ujky yu~cyycy odkfoly ode kdi~coycy ujc w~cyys~c

bd pjoucxc~ woyus~c ky lchu$ Lkxcyubia fo~acu

yuoukyukiy kd co~l{ >7?? h~bf nbuj ~c`kbdy yjbpce

yucoekl{ ecuc~kb~oukd` nbe{ ibdekukbd ofbd`

iouulc nckd` yble, ode jsde~cey bh ujbsyodey

bh odkfoly ekce ncupccd Hcn~so~{ ode Msl{, pkuj

ibpy sysoll{ nckd` jku ujc jo~ecyu nciosyc

bh ujck~ ubuol ~clkodic bd woyus~c$ Oy odkfoly

pcoacd, ujc qsolku{ bh ujck~ fkla ode fcou e~bwy,

oy ebcy ujck~ fo~acu xolsc$ Oy jbsycjbley u~{

ub ycll bhh odkfoly ujc{ ioddbu hcce, ujc{ hlbbe

ujc fo~acu ode ~cesic ujc w~kic hs~ujc~$ Ic~colw~kicy, bd ujc bujc~ jode, ~kyc oy ecfode

kdi~coycy ode yswwl{ holly$ Wcbwlc joxc db ijbkic

nsu ub `b kdub ecnu b~ `b jsd`~{$

Pouc~ ybs~icy xo~{ h~bf yjollbp wbdey ode pclly

ub eccwc~, hscl&ecwcdecdu nb~cjblcy$ cis~~kd`

e~bs`ju joe iosyce ujc pouc~ uonlc ub e~bw, ode

wsfwy ou fod{ yjollbp pclly n~bac ebpd h~bf

bxc~&syc$ Wbdey ucde ub nc ycoybdol od{po{,

ode e~{ sw hb~ ycxc~ol fbdujy bh coij {co~$

Pouc~ qsolku{ ky olyb od kyysc pjc~c wbdey o~c

ibdic~dce, cywcikoll{ pjcd wcbwlc yjo~c ujcybs~ic pkuj ujck~ lkxcyubia$ Kd bdc ibffsdku{

CUJKBWKO


17/32

?3

kd B~bfko, yuohh dbuce ujou pbfcd pc~c polakd`

sw ub ycxcd jbs~y o eo{ ub hcuij pouc~ h~bf o

ekyuodu wbde ohuc~ ujc `cdc~oub~ wsfwkd` pouc~

h~bf ujck~ lbiol pcll n~bac ebpd$

Kd oeekukbd ub ujc ylbp&bdycu i~kyky sdhblekd` kd

ujc ~s~ol ~c`kbdy, o fb~c yseecd&bdycu i~kykypoy jowwcdkd` kd ujc ybsujcoyu, pjc~c ~chs`ccy

h~bf Ybfolko pc~c hlcckd` e~bs`ju ode ibdhlkiu,

ode kd Msl{ pc~c o~~kxkd` kd Cujkbwko ou o ~ouc bh

onbsu >,777 wc~ eo{$ Ujky ~cw~cycduce o xc~{

ekhhc~cdu u{wc bh w~bnlcf= bd ujc bdc jode, ujc

jo~eyjkw yshhc~ce n{ dbfoeki ibffsdkukcy

ekywc~yce kd yfoll dsfnc~y bxc~ xoyu ekyuodicy

ode, bd ujc bujc~, ujc yshhc~kd` bh o lo~`c ode

`~bpkd` wbwsloukbd bh foldbs~kyjce wcbwlc

o~~kxkd` pkuj dbujkd` bdub o ykuc pkuj db hoiklkukcy$

Ujcyc ekhhc~cdu ibduczuy ~cqsk~ce xc~{ ekhhc~cdu

u{wcy bh ~cywbdyc n{ Bzhof$

B~bfko ~c`kbd= Nb~cdo ode @smk }bdcyBzhof ode kuy wo~udc~ @o{b joe nccd fbdkub~kd`

ibdekukbdy kd ujc ~c`kbd uj~bs`j o e~bs`ju co~l{

po~dkd` y{yucf adbpd oy ECPY, pjkij ~clkcy bd

jbsycjble eouo ub u~oia n~boec~ cdxk~bdfcduol

ijod`cy$ Kd Fo~ij >7??, ku losdijce o ioyj&

hb~&pb~a kdkukoukxc kd upb bh ujc pb~yu&ohhciuce

ekyu~kiuy kd Nb~cdo, yswwb~ukd` jc~ekd` hofklkcy

ode ujbyc pjb ibfnkdc jc~ekd` pkuj ho~fkd`$

Ioyj&hb~&pb~a w~bmciuy kdxblxce ujc~cjonklkuoukbd bh 95 ibffsdku{ wbdey ode

ncdchkuuce 3,777 jbsycjbley *dco~l{ 97,777

wcbwlc+ pjb pc~c ol~coe{ ycxc~cl{ ohhciuce n{

ujc e~bs`ju$ Ofbd` ujcf pc~c wcbwlc pjb joe

db hbbe ou jbfc b~ oyycuy ub ycll ub ns{ hbbe,

jbsycjbley pkuj o jk`j dsfnc~ bh ecwcdeoduy,

ode jbsycjbley jcoece n{ pbfcd, olbd` pkuj

clec~l{ wcbwlc ode ujbyc pkuj ekyonklkukcy$ N{

w~bxkekd` wcbwlc pkuj ioyj kd czijod`c hb~ ujck~

pb~a, Bzhof okfce ub yukfslouc ujc ecxclbwfcdu

bh lbiol fo~acuy ode `kxc hofklkcy `~couc~

hlczknklku{ ub ns{ pjou ujck~ jbsycjbley dccece

fbyu$ Ujc w~bmciu olyb okfce ub jclw wcbwlc

jble bdub od{ czkyukd` oyycuy, yb ujc{ pbsle dbu

joxc ub ycll ujcf ub ns{ hbbe$ Kd oeekukbd, wbde

~cjonklkuoukbd pbsle kdi~coyc ujc oxoklonklku{ bh

pouc~ hb~ jsfod ode lkxcyubia ibdysfwukbd$

Jbsycjbley ujou ekedu joxc od{bdc ub ibdu~knsuc

lonb~ ub ujc w~bmciu pc~c `kxcd ioyj `~oduy$

Dcp ~bsdey bh ioyj&hb~&pb~a w~bmciuy hbllbpce1ujc pb~a kdilsece czioxoukd` yklu h~bf wbdey

ode ilco~kd` n~syj h~bf `~o}kd` lodey ub ollbp

`~oyycy ub ~c`cdc~ouc ode w~bxkec hbeec~ hb~

lkxcyubia kd ujc hsus~c$

Pkuj ujc yofc wo~udc~, Bzhof yswwb~uce o

yswwlcfcduo~{ hbbe ekyu~knsukbd w~b`~of kd ujc

Uoluollc ekyu~kiu hb~ fbec~oucl{ foldbs~kyjce

ijkle~cd sdec~ hkxc, w~c`dodu b~ ds~ykd` fbujc~y,

ode ybfc clec~l{ wcbwlc$ Ujcyc ekyu~knsukbdy

kdilsece Hofkz o jk`j&dsu~kcdu hbbe

yswwlcfcdu ode ibbakd` bkl ub ibxc~ o uj~cc&fbduj wc~kbe$ Olub`cujc~, Bzhof ode @o{b jclwce

?,377 wcbwlc$

C~ku~co

Cujkbwko

Acd{o

Yseod

Ybfolklode

Ybfolko

Ybfolk

S`odeo

[cfcd

Emknbsuk

OEEKY ONONO

Uk`~o{

Mkmk`o

B~bfko7 >77? 77 Ak lb fc uc ~y

7 >77?77 Fklcy

Ebllb Oeb


18/32

?8

Bd ujc ~boe ncupccd [oncllb ode Esnslsa upb ubpdy kd

e~bs`ju&wlo`sce ybsujc~d Cujkbwko o yjbpc~ kd co~l{

Biubnc~ joe e~okdce kdub fsee{ wbbly$ I~bsijce n{ upbbh ujcf, pbfcd ibdicdu~ouce bd ujck~ pb~a= yibbwkd`

pouc~ h~bf ujc wseelc kdub lo~`c wloyuki ms`y$ Ujky poy

ujck~ ybs~ic bh e~kdakd` pouc~ ilbyc~ ujod o epkdelkd`

wbde upb jbs~y pola h~bf jbfc$ Ujc{ pbsledu `cu ykia

h~bf ujc wseelc pouc~, ujc{ yoke$ Ujc{ pc~c syce ub ku$

Bdc pbfod yoke yjc pbsle syc ws~khkioukbd uonlcuy ub

u~cou ujc pouc~, ode ujcd nbkl ku nchb~c e~kdakd`$

Fklcy opo{ kd Esnslsa, Oneolo Olk, o wsfw bwc~oub~,

pokuce hb~ hscl ub o~~kxc$ Pkujbsu ku, jc ibsledu ~sd ujc

wsfw ub e~op pouc~ h~bf o pcll ujou yc~xkice ujc ubpd

ode w~bxkece pouc~ hb~ hofklkcy eccw kd ujc nsyj pjbjoe db bujc~ yswwl{$ Ujc pouc~ ky lboece bdub o u~sia,

b~`odkyce n{ Bzhof ode kuy lbiol wo~udc~, ujc @o{b

Woyub~olkyu Ecxclbwfcdu Kdkukoukxc$ Pjcd ujc hscl hkdoll{

iofc, ku ubba od jbs~ ub hkll ujc ?9,777&lkuc~ uoda bd ujc

u~sia pkuj pouc~$ Kd o ilbse bh czjosyu hsfcy, ujc u~sia

lsfnc~ce opo{ bxc~ ek~u u~oiay yb ~bs`j ujou ku pbsle

uoac odbujc~ uj~cc ub hbs~ jbs~y hb~ ujc e~kxc~ ub ~coij jky

ecyukdoukbd onbsu >3 fklcy opo{$

Hb~ fod{ wcbwlc kd ybsujc~d Cujkbwko, ujky ky pjou ku ky

lkac cxc~{ eo{ es~kd` ukfcy bh ycxc~c e~bs`ju= pouc~ ky

czu~cfcl{ yio~ic, ujc~c ky lkuulc wc~fodcdu kdh~oyu~sius~chb~ kuy eclkxc~{, ode cxc~{ e~bw ~cqsk~cy cdb~fbsy

ofbsduy bh cdc~`{ ub hcuij b~ hc~~{$ Pkujbsu cfc~`cdi{

fcoys~cy lkac pouc~ u~siakd`, ujc ibdycqscdicy hb~

ibsdulcyy wcbwlc pbsle nc iouoyu~bwjki$

Pc pbsle joxc nccd ecoe lkac bs~ iouulc, yoke Ebno

Poab, od clec~ kd ujc yfoll xkllo`c bh Ohs~o, pjkij jc

yoke joe nccd ~cickxkd` pouc~ eclkxc~kcy onbsu upkic opcca$ Pc o~c lkxkd`, yb pc oww~cikouc ku$ Nsu ku ky dbu

cdbs`j$ Dbu hb~ oll bh sy$

Dco~n{, kd ujc xkllo`c bh @blkijo @b~b, Nsac Ab~s

ecyi~knce ujc jo~eyjkwy ujou hofklkcy kd ujky ~c`kbd

joxc cdes~ce$ O fbujc~ bh hkxc, yjc ky o fcfnc~ bh o

lbiol ibffkuucc ujou bxc~yccy ujc ekyu~knsukbd bh pouc~

eclkxc~{ n{ @o{b$ Ujc loyu `bbe ~okd poy uj~cc {co~y

o`b, yjc yoke$ Ykdic ujcd, cxc~{ujkd` ky `cuukd` pb~yc$

Cxcd kh {bs wlodu fok}c, {bs `cu dbujkd`$ Ujc ~okdy

o~c dbu cdbs`j$ O hcp {o~ey h~bf jc~ jbfc yuodey o

3,777&lkuc~ wloyuki pouc~ uoda ujc ibffsdku{y lkhclkdc,pjkij poy nckd` hkllce ~c`slo~l{ n{ @o{b$ Ab~s accwy ujc

ac{ ujou ollbpy xkllo`c~y ub bwcd ujc uow ode hkll ujck~

ms`y, hkllkd` ujcf sw ub ujc xc~{ ubw ode iowwkd` ujcf

io~chsll{ ub yoxc cxc~{ e~bw$ Bdc mc~~{iod >7 lkuc~y

fk`ju loyu jc~ hofkl{ sdukl louc kd ujc ohuc~dbbd, ujc

pouc~ ylbpl{ e~knnlce bsu hb~ ibbakd`, poyjkd` ekyjcy,

ode noujkd`$

Pjou ebcy ujc hsus~c jble hb~ hofklkcy jc~c o wloic

pjc~c ~okd ky yb sdic~uokd ode bwukbdy hb~ foakd` o

lkxkd` o~c yb lkfkuce2 Cxcd kh {bs joxc ujc loyu n~couj,

jbwc ky olpo{y kd {bs~ fkde, yoke Ab~s$ Yb pcll ebpjoucxc~ pc iod$

Nclbp= Nsac Ab~s, o fbujc~ bh hkxc, jclwy bxc~ycc ujc

ekyu~knsukbd bh pouc~ kd o ~c`kbd ujou joy joe olfbyu db

~okd kd ujc loyu uj~cc {co~y$ Wjbub= Bzhof$

Ioyc Yuse{ Hkdekd` pouc~ kd ukfcy bh e~bs`ju


19/32

?0

Wlody olyb iollce hb~ ujc ~cwok~ bh fbub~k}ce

nb~cjblcy ode ujc eclkxc~{ bh pouc~ n{ u~sia ub

ibffsdkukcy pkuj czu~cfcl{ lkfkuce oiicyy ub

yswwlkcy Bzhof jclwce 8,777 wcbwlc es~kd`

ujc wcoa pouc~ yjb~uo`c ukfcy$ Kd oeekukbd, ku

joy nccd pb~akd` ub czwode o nkb yode hkluc~

w~bmciu ub `kxc hofklkcy oiicyy ub ilcod pouc~

kd ujck~ jbfcy$ Ku joy olyb nccd pb~akd` bd ujc

ibdyu~siukbd bh y{yucfy ub jo~xcyu ~okdpouc~

h~bf ujc ~bbhy bh yijbbly ode jcoluj wbyuy, hb~

pjcd ujc ~okdy eb owwco~$

Kd dck`jnb~kd` @smk }bdc, Bzhof yswwb~uce o

lbiol wo~udc~, Oiukbd hb~ Ecxclbwfcdu, pjkij

ibllonb~ouce pkuj ujc lbiol pouc~ osujb~ku{

ub kfw~bxc pouc~ yswwlkcy hb~ ebfcyuki ode

lkxcyubia syc$ Ujc{ pb~ace ub ilco~ bsu ode

~ckdhb~ic ~cyc~xbk~y, ~cwok~ pouc~ wsfwy, odekdi~coyc ujc dsfnc~ bh jode&es` pclly oxoklonlc

ub ibffsdkukcy$ Ncdchkiko~kcy kdilsece ybfc bh

ujc fbyu xsldc~onlc ode ecyukusuc ibffsdku{

fcfnc~y, ysij oy pbfcd, ijkle~cd, ode

clec~l{ wcbwlc, ybfc bh pjbf pc~c `kxcd woke

cfwlb{fcdu ilco~kd` lode ode ebkd` ujc ~cwok~y$

Dco~l{ ;:,777 wcbwlc ncdchkuuce h~bf ujky pb~a$

Ybfolk ~c`kbd Yjcdkllc, Mkmkò, Lkncd ode

Ohec~ }bdcy

Ujc Ybfolk ~c`kbd ky jk`jl{ w~bdc ub dous~ol

ekyoyuc~y ode poy ycxc~cl{ ohhciuce n{ ujc

e~bs`ju$ Ykusouce kd ujc coyu bh ujc ibsdu~{,

ku ky bdc bh ujc wbb~cyu wo~uy bh Cujkbwko$ Ku ky

~cloukxcl{ kyblouce ode ~cickxcy lkuulc ouucdukbd

h~bf ujc hcec~ol iowkuol$ Lkxcyubia hb~fy ujc

noianbdc bh ujc ibffsdku{y cibdbf{, pjkij

ky fokdl{ woyub~olkyu *03 wc~icdu+$ Ujc yio~iku{

bh dous~ol ~cybs~icy ode ujc ~cfbucdcyy bh ujc

o~co, oy pcll oy onbxc&oxc~o`c w~kicy hb~ yuowlc

hbbey, oll ibdu~knsuce ub ujc xsldc~onklku{ bh

Ybfolk jbsycjbley$

Bzhof joy nccd pb~akd` kd ujc o~co hb~ dkdc {co~y

ode ~cywbdece ub ujky hbbe i~kyky pkuj o lo~`c&

yiolc cfc~`cdi{ w~b`~of, kfw~bxkd` oiicyy

ub e~kdakd` pouc~ ode hbbe ycis~ku{, oy pcll oy

w~bfbukd` bbe j{`kcdc w~oiukicy hb~ fb~c ujod

?90,777 wcbwlc$ Ujc oiukxkukcy pc~c yjowce ub

joxc od kffcekouc kfwoiu bd ujc wbwsloukbd *c$`$

pouc~ u~siakd` ode ~cwok~ bh nb~cjblcy, ioyj&

hb~&pb~a ode ioyj u~odyhc~y+, pjklc olyb joxkd`

lbd`&uc~f kfwoiu uj~bs`j ujc u~okdkd` bh pouc~

ibffkuuccy ode odkfol jcoluj pb~ac~y, odeuj~bs`j j{`kcdc w~bfbukbd ycyykbdy$

Pb~a jc~c poy ylbpc~ Bzhof eke dbu joxc o

wo~udc~ kd ujc ~c`kbd, ode yuohh joe ub u~oxcl

xoyu ekyuodicy ub hkde kyblouce ibffsdkukcy ujou

ibdykyuce bh msyu o jodehsl bh jbsycjbley, ub

hkde bsu jbp ujc{ pc~c ibwkd` ode pjou ujck~

dccey pc~c$

Bdc bh ujc fomb~ ijollcd`cy poy nckd` onlc ub

~coij ibffsdkukcy$ Nckd` woyub~olkyuy, ujc{

u~oxcl h~cqscdul{ pkuj ujck~ jc~ey, yb wc~fodcdu

lou~kdcy, hb~ czofwlc, o~c syclcyy$ Olyb, ujc

Ybfolk ~c`kbd ky xoyu, pkuj yfoll, kyblouce

woyub~olkyu ibffsdkukcy yw~coe oi~byy o pkec

o~co, pjkij i~couce yk`dkhkiodu lb`kyukiol

ijollcd`cy$

Bzhofy POYJ pb~a kdilsece o ysnyuodukol wsnlki

jcoluj ibfwbdcdu$ Ujc b~òdk}oukbd ekyu~knsuce

j{`kcdc akuy *ybow, pouc~ ws~khkc~y, o nsiacu

pkuj o lke hb~ pouc~ yub~o`c, ode o yu~okdc~+

ub 5,777 jbsycjbley ujou joe wo~ukikwouce kd

ioyj&hb~&pb~a w~b`~ofy$ Ub oke w~cwo~cedcyy, ku

yubiawklce Oqsouony kd lbiol jcoluj wbyuy yb ujou

ujc{ pbsle nc ~coe{ hb~ ekyu~knsukbd ub hofklkcy

ub jclw ujcf accw ujck~ pouc~ ilcod kd ujc cxcdu

bh od bsun~coa bh oisuc pouc~{ eko~~jco$ Bzhof

olyb ~od o lo~`c wsnlki jcoluj iofwok`d, pjkij

kdilsece ujc iclcn~oukbd bh @lbnol Jodepoyjkd`

Eo{ bd Biubnc~ ?3 kd lbiol yijbbly, ode bsu~coij

ub ibffsdku{ jcoluj pb~ac~y pjb foecjbsycjble xkykuy ub yjo~c kdhb~foukbd onbsu

u~coukd` pouc~ ode ujc kfwb~uodic bh jode&

poyjkd`$ Bxc~ 80,777 wcbwlc pc~c yswwb~uce n{

jcoluj cesioukbd iofwok`dy ou o xo~kcu{ bh wsnlki

òujc~kd`y ode kd fo~acu wloicy$

Bujc~ ijollcd`cy olyb joe ub nc bxc~ibfc$

J{`kcdc w~bfbukbd ycyykbdy, hb~ kdyuodic, joe ub

nc oeowuce ub o e~bs`ju ibduczu kd accwkd` pouc~

syc ub o fkdkfsf$ Bzhof joe ub dc`bukouc pkuj

ujc lbiol osujb~kukcy nchb~c kxkd` sdibdekukbdol

ioyj `~oduy ub hofklkcy pjb pc~c sdonlc ub uoac

bd woke pb~a *c$`$ esc ub o`c, ekyonklku{, b~ io~kd`

~cywbdyknklkukcy+, nciosyc ujky ky dbu o ~cib`dk}ce

yswwb~u uoiuki sdec~ db~fol ik~isfyuodicy$

Kd ysffo~{, kduc~xcdukbd kd ujc Ybfolk ~c`kbd

uo~`cuce jo~e&ub&~coij ncdchkiko~kcy kd jo~e&ub&

`cu&ub wloicy$

Bzhof olyb ubba wo~u kd o lkxcyubia jcoluj

kdkukoukxc, w~bxkekd` xcuc~kdo~{ yswwb~u kd ujc

hb~f bh xoiikdoukbdy ode u~coufcduy hb~ onbsu

>3,777 odkfoly, pjkij ncdchkuuce onbsu 3,777jbsycjbley$


20/32

?:

Bzhofy pb~a kd ujc Ybfolk ~c`kbd ibdukdscy ub

~cywbde ub ij~bdki dccey uj~bs`j lbd`&uc~f

ecxclbwfcdu w~b`~ofy, pjklc ilbycl{ fbdkub~kd`

lbiol ibdekukbdy yb ujou ku pkll nc onlc ub

losdij odbujc~ ukfcl{ ode ~clcxodu cfc~`cdi{

~cywbdyc kh dcicyyo~{$ Uj~bs`j kuy lbd`c~&uc~f

oww~boij, Bzhof okfy ub kdi~coyc ujc iowoiku{

ode w~cwo~cedcyy bh xsldc~onlc ibffsdkukcy

ub ~cesic ujck~ bpd ekyoyuc~ ~kyay ode nskle

~cyklkcdic ub hsus~c yjbiay$

Ebllb OebUjc ykuc ou Ebllb Oeb, kd ujc Lkncd }bdc bd ujc

nb~ec~ pkuj Ybfolko, ky o pkdeypcwu ecyc~u bh

yode ode ~bia$ Kd fke&Msl{ >7??, ujc fbfcdu

Bzhof `bu wc~fkyykbd ub pb~a kd ujc iofw ujc~c,

adbpd oy Jklbpc{d, ku b~ec~ce o wlodc&lboe

bh cqskwfcdu ub yswwl{ pouc~ ode yodkuoukbdhoiklkukcy hb~ 87,777 wcbwlc$ N{ ujc cde bh Msl{,

ujc cqskwfcdu joe nccd u~siace h~bf Oeeky

Onono ub ujky nb~ec~ ~c`kbd, pjc~c ucijdkiol

ucofy pc~c pokukd` hb~ ku$ Ek``kd` ub od{ ecwuj

kd Ebllb Oeb ky xc~{ ekhhkislu nciosyc bh ujc

~bia pkujbsu foijkdc~{ ku ky kfwbyyknlc ub `cu

eccwc~ ujod 97if$ Bzhof ybs~ice pouc~ h~bf o

u~coufcdu wlodu bd ujc @cdolc ~kxc~, >$3af h~bf

ujc iofw$ Ohuc~ ijlb~kdoukbd, ku poy u~siace bxc~

ub ujc iofw *pb~a nc`od kd Ycwucfnc~ ub lo{ o

wkwclkdc h~bf ujc u~coufcdu wlodu ub ujc iofw+

ode wsu kdub 07,777&lkuc~ uoday, h~bf pjc~c ku poy

wkwce ub uowyuodey kd ujc iofw kuyclh$

N{ fke&Ycwucfnc~, wcbwlc pc~c ~cickxkd` ?8

lkuc~y bh pouc~ wc~ wc~ybd wc~ eo{ fb~c ujod

ujc yuodeo~e uo~`cu bh ?5 lkuc~y$ O yfoll ucof bh

yuohh pb~ace o~bsde ujc ilbia ub w~cwo~c ujc

ykuc oy wcbwlc o~~kxce bdc jsfodkuo~kod pb~ac~ecyi~knce ku oy Bzhof ou kuy ncyu$

Onn~o, od Bzhof e~kxc~,lcdey jky chhb~uy ubjclwkd` foac ujc iofw~coe{ hb~ ujc ~chs`ccy n{oyycfnlkd` uowyuodeyycdu h~bf ujc SA$Wjbub= Modc Nccylc{$


21/32

?;

Nsklekd` lou~kdcy poy o wo~ukislo~ ijollcd`c,

`kxcd ujc ~bia{ uc~~okd$ Bzhof syce o ywcikolk}ce

u~cdij czioxoub~ nclbd`kd` ub ujc SD ub ek`

ibffsdol lou~kdcy, ode nsklu oeekukbdol ~okyce

bdcy bd yodeno`y$ Jcoluj w~bfbuc~y b~òdk}ce

iofw ~cykecduy kdub j{`kcdc ibffkuuccy, u~okdce

ujcf kd ujc kfwb~uodic bh ilcod pouc~ ode yohc

czi~cuo fodo`cfcdu w~oiukicy, ode fbnklk}ce

~c`slo~ iofw ilcod&sw iofwok`dy$ Ujc fokd

jcoluj w~bnlcfy pc~c ujc jk`j foldsu~kukbd lcxcly

ode fcoylcy, ode es~kd` ujc hk~yu hcp fbdujy

ujc~c poy od oisuc eko~~jco yio~c pjkij joe

yuohh bd jk`j olc~u$

Pb~a poy olyb io~~kce bsu pkuj lbiol Cujkbwkod

ibffsdkukcy o~bsde Ebllb Oeb$ Ujc ys~~bsdekd`

wbwsloukbd poy olyb ohhciuce n{ ujc e~bs`ju, ode

ujc kdhlsz bh ujbsyodey bh Ybfolkody uj~coucdce

ub wsu w~cyys~c bd ol~coe{ yio~ic ~cybs~icy$ Oy

od kffcekouc ~cywbdyc, Bzhof u~siace oeekukbdol

pouc~ ub ujcyc ibffsdkukcy ode ekyu~knsuce

dbd&hbbe kucfy *nsiacuy, ms`y cui$+ ub fb~c ujod

9,377 jbsycjbley kd Ebllb Oeb$ Kd oeekukbd, Bzhof

~cwok~ce u~oekukbdol pouc~ kdh~oyu~sius~cy ysij

oy jode es` pclly, wbdey ode nk~aouy *pouc~

yub~o`c hoiklkukcy+, yb oy ub kdi~coyc ujc iowoiku{

bh ujc lbiol wbwsloukbd ub ecol pkuj ujc kfwoiu

bh hsus~c e~bs`juy$ Kd Ebllb ubpd, lou~kdcy pc~c

ibfwlcuce kd o yjb~u wc~kbe bh ukfc ub sw`~oec

hoiklkukcy ou ujc fokd jcoluj icduc~$ Bujc~ jcolujw~bfbukbd oiukxkukcy pc~c olyb b~òdk}ce hb~

lbiol osujb~kukcy ode ibffsdkukcy kd ujc o~co,

w~bxkekd` u~okdkd` onbsu yohc j{`kcdc w~oiukicy,

ysij oy jbp ncyu ub yub~c pouc~ ode yubw ujc

u~odyfkyykbd bh pouc~&~clouce ekycoycy$ Ou ujc

nc`kddkd` bh >7?>, Bzhof yuo~uce ub ~cwok~ ode

kfw~bxc dsfc~bsy fbub~k}ce ode u~oekukbdol

pouc~ yswwl{ yijcfcy olbd` ujc Eopo ^kxc~ ode

kd fb~c ~cfbuc o~coy pjc~c pouc~ poy yio~ic,

ncdchkuukd` fb~c ujod ?7,777 wcbwlc$ Fbub~k}ce

yijcfcy ~cqsk~c o lo~`c~ kdxcyufcdu nciosyc bh

ujc wsfwy ode ujc hscl *b~ yblo~ cdc~`{+ dccece,

nsu ujc{ ysiicyyhsll{ iouc~ ub lo~`c~ wbwsloukbdy$

Kd lbiolkukcy pjc~c wbwsloukbdy o~c yfollc~,

u~oekukbdol jode&bwc~ouce pouc~ yswwl{ yijcfcy

o~c fb~c oww~bw~kouc$ Lou~kdc ibdyu~siukbd ode

~okd jo~xcyukd` w~bmciuy pc~c olyb kdkukouce,

ywcikhkioll{ ou yijbbly ode jcoluj wbyuy$

@b~bnoqoqyoBzhofy pb~a kd @b~bnoqoqyo, kd Ohec~ }bdc,

poy oll ujc fb~c kfwb~uodu nciosyc db bujc~

kduc~doukbdol o`cdikcy pc~c pb~akd` kd ujkyycxc~cl{ e~bs`ju&ohhciuce o~co, kdjonkuce n{

38,777 wcbwlc$ Bzhofy w~b`~of ub w~bxkec

cfc~`cdi{ pouc~ yswwlkcy ode hbbe ycis~ku{ hb~

wcbwlc foec xsldc~onlc n{ o ysiicyykbd bh hoklce

~okdy poy o ijollcd`c nciosyc ~boey kd ujky o~co

pc~c kd o wo~ukislo~l{ noe yuouc, foakd` oiicyy

ub ~cfbuc ibffsdkukcy ekhhkislu$ Kd ywkuc bh ujky,

Bzhof losdijce o pouc~&u~siakd` bwc~oukbd ub

~coij ujc fbyu e~bs`ju&ohhciuce wbwsloukbd

pjkij ~coijce 9,;77 jbsycjbley ode

ekyu~knsuce dbd&hbbe kucfy ub fb~c ujod 3,>77 bh

ujc fbyu xsldc~onlc jbsycjbley kd ujc o~co$

O foyy xoiikdoukbd ode u~coufcdu iofwok`d

ub fkdkfk}c ujc uj~cou bh bsun~coay ode

eci~coyc ujc w~cxolcdic bh lkxcyubia ekycoycy

kd odkfoly poy ibfwlcuce kd co~l{ >7?>$ Ujky

bwc~oukbd, eclkxc~ce kd ilbyc ibllonb~oukbd pkuj

lbiol osujb~kukcy ode ibffsdku{ lcoec~y, poy

ujc hk~yu bh ujky akde kd ujky o~co$ Oy o ~cyslu,

fb~c ujod ?,077 `bouy, iofcly ode ibpy

~cickxce xoiikdoukbd ode u~coufcdu yc~xkicy *kd

@b~bnoqoqyo, @js~o Eofblc ode Ao~yoeslo+$

Bzhof olyb ~cwok~ce ode ~cnsklu ?> u~oekukbdol

nk~aouy ode wbdey, ~coijkd` 9,377 wcbwlc,

pjklc ibdesiukd` j{`kcdc w~bfbukbd oiukxkukcy

kd wo~ollcl yb oy ub cdys~c ujou ncdchkiko~kcy

sdec~yubbe jbp ub yub~c ode syc pouc~ yohcl{$ Kd

b~ec~ ub kdi~coyc pouc~ yub~o`c iowoiku{ hb~ lbiol

wcbwlc, Bzhof b~òdk}ce ujc u~odywb~u bh o

nslleb}c~ ub ibffsdkukcy lkxkd` n{ bdc bh ujc

lo~`cyu kdlode wbdey kd ujc o~co, pjc~c ku poy

syce ub eccwcd ode ec&yklu ujc wbde, w~bxkekd`

ncuuc~ oiicyy ub pouc~ hb~ fb~c ujod 8,777

wcbwlc ode 90,777 iouulc$

O lo~`c&yiolc ioyj xbsijc~ w~bmciu ibdukdscy ub

cdonlc ?,?77 bh ujc fbyu xsldc~onlc jbsycjbley ub

oiicyy noyki hbbe kucfy ode ns{ `bouy ub ~cyubia

dsfnc~y$ Ujky kdkukoukxc, kfwlcfcduce pkuj lbiol

ibbwc~oukxcy, olyb joe o xc~{ wbykukxc chhciu bd

ujc ecxclbwfcdu bh ujc lbiol cibdbf{, pjkij joenccd qskuc lkfkuce esc ub ujc ~cfbucdcyy bh ujc

o~co$ Od oeekukbdol 577 jbsycjbley ncdchkuce h~bf

ioyj&hb~&pb~a oiukxkukcy ~clouce ub ujc ek``kd` bh

hbs~ pouc~ wbdey$

Uk`~o{

Bzhof b~òdk}ce o yc~kcy bh woke oiukxkukcy, sdec~

pjkij ibffsdkukcy nsklu ijcia eofy, uc~~oice

jkllykecy, ode loke ~boey kd ~cus~d hb~ o eokl{

po`c1 ujcyc oiukxkukcy ncdchkuuce ?0,777 wcbwlc$

Ku olyb ~cwok~ce b~ ~cjonklkuouce pouc~ ybs~icy,

xoiikdouce odkfoly, ode io~~kce bsu wsnlki jcolujiofwok`dy pkuj ibffsdku{ ~bswy$


22/32

>7

Co~l{ kd >7??, Bzhof yuohh pc~c w~cekiukd` ujou

wcbwlc pbsle dcce cfc~`cdi{ oyykyuodic kh ujc

Ow~kl ~okdy hoklce$ Ys~hoic pouc~ wbkduy pouc~

wody, yjollbp pclly, ode u~oekukbdol jode&es`

pclly ncòd e~{kd` sw kd ujc db~uj bh ujc

ibsdu~{ kd Hcn~so~{, ode ujc ~cyslukd` fk`~oukbd

n{ ibffsdkukcy ubpo~ey nb~cjblcy lce ub

bxc~i~bpekd`, fcijodkiol n~coaebpd, ode ujc

wbucdukol hb~ ibdhlkiu$ Ykfklo~l{ ub Cujkbwko, ujc

o~coy pb~yu ohhciuce n{ ujc e~bs`ju pc~c ujc

db~ujc~d woyub~olkyu ekyu~kiuy, pjc~c sw ub ;3wc~icdu bh wcbwlc kd ybfc o~coy lkxc nclbp ujc

doukbdol wbxc~u{ lkdc$ Ujcyc o~coy o~c lo~`cl{

fo~`kdolk}ce ode yshhc~ h~bf lkfkuce bxc~dfcdu

ouucdukbd, lbp lcxcly bh w~kxouc kdxcyufcdu,

~c`slo~ bsun~coay bh lkxcyubia ekycoyc, ode

~cis~~cdu e~bs`ju$

Bzhof joy o lbd`yuodekd` w~b`~of kd ujcyc o~ke

ode ycfk&o~ke lodey, ecyk`dce cywcikoll{ ub

oee~cyy ujc ij~bdki w~bu~oiuce i~kycy bh wbxc~u{

ode cdxk~bdfcduol yu~cyy$ Kd Fo~ij ku ncòd ub

kdi~coyc ujc lcxcl bh yswwb~u ku poy `kxkd`, pkuj

o e~bs`ju&fkukòukbd w~b`~of kdxblxkd` ioyj

ekyu~knsukbdy, pouc~ u~siakd`, odkfol jcoluj

oiukxkukcy ysij oy ec&pb~fkd`, ode ujc isllkd`

bh pcoac~ odkfoly ub w~buciu hbbe yswwlkcy hb~

~cfokdkd` jc~ey$ Bxc~ ujc dczu upb fbdujy, ku

yiolce sw kuy w~b`~ofy kd Pomk~ ode Us~aodo ub

~coij >37,777 wcbwlc$ Jbpcxc~, pjklc o hcp

ebdb~y pc~c bd jode pkuj oeekukbdol hsdekd`,

bxc~oll hsdekd` ibdyu~okduy lkfkuce pjou Bzhof

ibsle eb$ Ebdb~y eke dbu ~clcoyc oeekukbdol

fbdc{ ub hsde czwodece w~b`~ofy sdukl ujc

@bxc~dfcdu bh Acd{o bhhkikoll{ ecilo~ce od

cfc~`cdi{ kd louc Fo{$

Louc Msdc poy olyb pjcd ujc yiolc bh ujc

cfc~`cdi{ jku ujc pb~ley fceko$ Ybfolko poy

ujc hbisy bh ujky ode, oy dcpy ucofy pc~c dbu

onlc ub oiicyy Ybfolko kuyclh, ujc jcoelkdcy

hbisyce jcoxkl{ bd Eoeoon iofw, kd db~uj&

coyuc~d Acd{o$ Sdlkac Ebllb Oeb kd Cujkbwko,

Eoeoon iofw poy dbu dcp Ybfolky joe nccd

hlcckd` ibdhlkiu ode ycuulkd` ujc~c hb~ ?; {co~y,

ode ku poy ol~coe{ adbpd ub nc ujc lo~`cyu

~chs`cc iofw kd ujc pb~le$ Jbpcxc~, ujc hlbpjoe nccd kdi~coykd` uj~bs`jbsu >7??, ode ujc

ACD[O


23/32

>?

osujb~kukcy w~cxkbsy ~clsiuodic ub ollbp ku ub

czwode ijod`ce kd Fo{, pjcd wc~fkyykbd poy

`~oduce hb~ czucdykbdy ub ujc czkyukd` ykucy ode

hb~ ujc ~clbioukbd bh ~chs`ccy kdub ujcf$

Ykdic >7?7, Bzhof joy joe o yfoll w~cycdic

kd Eoeoon iofw, pjc~c ku poy uoyace pkujecyk`dkd` ode kdyuollkd` pouc~ ode yodkuoukbd

hoiklkukcy hb~ sw ub 57,777 wcbwlc ou o dcp iofw

adbpd oy Khb > Coyu$ Pb~a poy eclo{ce ohuc~

Modso~{ >7?? pjcd ujc `bxc~dfcdu kyysce od

kdyu~siukbd ub ysywcde pb~a ou Khb >, pjkij fcodu

ujou ujc iofw ibsle dbu nc bwcdce$ Ohuc~ o

~cxc~yol bh ujky ecikykbd kd Msl{ *kd pjkij Bzhofy

bpd oexbioi{ pb~a poy kdhlscdukol+, ode pkuj od

o`~ccfcdu ub bwcd upb hs~ujc~ iofwy *Khb > Pcyu

ode Aofnkbby+, Bzhof kdi~coyce kuy ibffkufcdu,

w~bfkykd` ub w~bxkec cyycdukol pouc~ ode

yodkuoukbd yc~xkicy hb~ sw ub >?7,777 wcbwlc$

Ysyuokdkd` lkhc ode lkxclkjbbey oi~byyujc db~ujN{ Msl{ >7??, ujc fo~acu hb~ lkxcyubia oi~byy

db~ujc~d Acd{o joe olfbyu ibfwlcucl{ ibllowyce1

ujc w~kic bh o ibp joe e~bwwce h~bf %>>7 ub %97$

Wcbwlc pc~c polakd` js`c ekyuodicy ub hkde pouc~

hb~ ujcfyclxcy ode ujck~ ~cfokdkd` odkfoly,

ode w~cyys~c bd pouc~ wbkduy poy kducdyc$

Bzhofy hbisy poy upb&hble= ujc s~`cdu dcce ub

kdi~coyc ujc yswwlkcy bh pouc~ oxoklonlc ub odoecqsouc lcxcl, ode ujc cqsoll{ kfwb~uodu nsu

lcyy lkhc&yoxkd` ~cqsk~cfcdu ub accw fo~acuy

hsdiukbdkd` ode yubw wcbwlc ncibfkd` ecyukusuc$

Kd Us~aodo, Bzhof yuohh pb~ace ek~ciul{ pkuj

ibffsdkukcy, pjklc kd Pomk~ ujc o`cdi{ pb~ace

cduk~cl{ uj~bs`j wo~udc~y$ Kd Pomk~, >0 ykucy pc~c

qskial{ kecdukhkce oy nckd` fbyu s~`cdul{ kd dcce

bh pouc~ ibffsdkukcy pjc~c ujc yswwl{ joe

ubuoll{ e~kce sw$ Bzhofy wo~udc~y nc`od u~siakd`

~c`slo~ yswwlkcy ub ujcyc ibffsdkukcy, u~oxcllkd`

od oxc~o`c bh 07af wc~ u~kw ode yswwl{kd` 08,777

wcbwlc, cfwu{kd` pouc~ kdub ywcikoll{ nsklu

sdec~`~bsde yub~o`c uoday$ Pjc~c nb~cjblcy

czkyuce nsu joe n~bacd ebpd uj~bs`j o`c b~

bxc~&syc, Bzhof ~cwok~ce ujcf ode w~bxkece

ysnykekcy ub jclw ibffsdkukcy ns{ hscl hb~ ujc

wsfwy$

Co~l{ oyycyyfcduy bh fo~acuy kd nbuj Pomk~ ode

Us~aodo kdekiouce ujou, sdlkac kd Ybfolko, xc~{

lkuulc hbbe poy oxoklonlc lbioll{$ Ujc Acd{od

`bxc~dfcdu ~sdy o ~c`slo~ yohcu{&dcu w~b`~of

uo~`cukd` ujc xc~{ wbb~cyu kd ybikcu{, nsu

ujc dsfnc~y bh xsldc~onlc wcbwlc joe nccd

kdi~coykd` yucoekl{ bxc~ ujc {co~$ Wcbwlcy

ws~ijoykd` wbpc~ joe nccd ecilkdkd` hb~ fbdujy,

ode ujky poy o ekykdicdukxc ub u~oec~y ub n~kd` kd

hbbe ujou hcp ibsle ohhb~e$ Jbpcxc~, ujky fcodu

ujou, ecywkuc ujc dco~ hofkdc ibdekukbdy oi~byy

Acd{o, hbbe ibsle nc foec oxoklonlc kh u~oec~y

adcp ku pbsle nc pb~uj ujck~ pjklc$

Ioyj `~oduy pc~c ujc~chb~c od kfwb~uodu wo~u

bh Bzhofy ~cywbdyc, oy o po{ bh ysyuokdkd`

o db~fol fo~acu y{yucf ode jclwkd` nbuj

ibdysfc~y ode yswwlkc~y$ Kd Pomk~ ibsdu{,

ACD[O

Ns~sdek

Cujkbwko

^podeo

Ybsuj Yseod

Ybfolko

Uod}odko

S`odeo

97 77?37 Aklbfcuc~y

7 977?37 Fklcy

DOK^BNK

Eoeoon

Us~aodo

Pomk~


24/32

Es~kd` e~bs`juy kd Us~aodo, fod{ ibffsdkukcy joxc

~cqsk~ce yk`dkhkiodu czuc~dol yswwb~u ub cdys~c ujou

pouc~ wbkduy ~cfokd hsdiukbdol, ode ub fkdkfk}c ujclbyy bh jsfod ode odkfol lkhc$

Ekcycl y{yucfy o~c iowonlc bh xc~{ jk`j bsuwsu, nsu ujck~

ibdysfwukbd bh hscl fcody xc~{ jk`j bwc~oukbdol ibyuy

ubb$ Es~kd` e~bs`juy, ujc{ fk`ju dcce ub bwc~ouc hb~ ?:

jbs~y o eo{ ub accw wcbwlc ode odkfoly olkxc$ Nsu msyu

pjcd wcbwlc dcce pouc~ ujc fbyu, ujc{ joxc lcyy fbdc{$

Fod{ ekcycl wsfwy joxc cziccece ujck~ b~k`kdol ecyk`d

lkhc ode o~c wbb~l{ fokduokdce1 ujck~ hokls~c ~ouc ky jk`j$

Kh `bxc~dfcduy b~ D@By w~bxkec hscl ode ywo~c wo~uy

ub ysnykek}c ujc ibyuy bh bwc~oukbd, ku ~ckdhb~icy o

ycdyc bh ecwcdecdi{ ode hokly ub oee~cyy sdec~l{kd`

cibdbfki ode fodo`cfcdu kyyscy$

Bzhof joy kdyuollce ck`ju yblo~ wsfwkd` y{yucfy kd

ycxcd xkllo`cy$ Hkxc bh ujcyc joxc ~cwloice ekcycl

wsfwy, cdonlkd` ek~ciu ibfwo~kybdy ub nc foec$ Ujc

ycxcd ibffsdkukcy oll ~cwb~uce yk`dkhkiodu ncdchkuy

fbyu kfwb~uodul{, kfw~bxce oiicyy ub pouc~ ode

~clkonklku{ bh yswwl{$ Ujc uod`knlc cxkecdic ky ujou,

es~kd` ujc >7?? e~bs`ju, oll ujcyc xkllo`cy pc~c yclh&

~clkodu hb~ pouc~ yswwl{ ode cxcd onlc ub ycu sw yfoll

k~~kòuce wlbuy$Ujc ibffsdku{ bh Fc{od poy w~cxkbsyl{ ecwcdecdu bd

u~oekukbdol yibbw jblcy, pjkij pc~c sdyohc dbu bdl{

nciosyc bh pouc~nb~dc ekycoycy nsu olyb wj{ykioll{

eod`c~bsy oy ujc{ ybfcukfcy ibllowyce ns~{kd`

ode akllkd` wcbwlc oy ujc{ ibllciuce pouc~$ Ujc yblo~

wsfw joy w~bxkece ujky xkllo`c pkuj o ibdukdsbsy

pouc~ yswwl{ ujou wcbwlc joxc syce ub yuo~u xc`cuonlc

ò~ecdy ode ibba hbbe$ Ujc ibffsdku{ ~cwb~uy lcyy

klldcyy ode, onbxc oll, xkllo`c~y xolsc ujc hoiu ujou ujc{

iod yukll `cu o pouc~ yswwl{ es~kd` wc~kbey pjcd ku ky

ekhhkislu ub ibllciu uo~khhy hb~ hscl$Upb h~cqscdu oyysfwukbdy onbsu ujc yswwbyce

kdoecqsoikcy bh yblo~ wbpc~ kd wo~ukislo~ joxc nccd

ijollcd`ce$ Bdc ky ujou ujc bsuwsu bh o yblo~ wsfw

pbsle dbu nc onlc ub fccu ecfode$ Kd hoiu, ujc dcu

bsuwsu h~bf ujc yblo~ wsfwy ky yk`dkhkiodul{ `~couc~

ujod ujck~ ekcycl ibsduc~wo~uy$ Ujc ycibde oyysfwukbd

ky ujou ujc iowkuol ibyu bh yblo~ ky yk`dkhkiodul{ jk`jc~

ujod hb~ ekcycl$ Ujky ky dbu yb$ Yblo~ wsfwy ucde ub

~cwloic lo~`c~&iowoiku{ ysnfc~yknlc wsfwy ode

`cdc~oub~y bh ibfwo~onlc b~ `~couc~ ibyu$ Ode, oy

czwciuce, ujc yblo~ wsfw joy yk`dkhkiodul{ lbpc~

bwc~oukd` ibyuy$ Kd Aoolcd` xkllo`c, pouc~ syc~y yo{

ujc{ joxc yoxce onbsu %?,>57 ode joxc woke bhh ecnuy$

Ujc~c o~c ybfc ijollcd`cy, jbpcxc~$ Yblo~ wsfwy

ioddbu e~op o yshhkikcdu qsoduku{ bh pouc~ h~bf eccw

nb~cjblcy$ Bsuwsu olyb e~bwy yk`dkhkiodul{ kd ilbse{

ibdekukbdy, ode ujc~c ky dbdc ou oll ou dk`ju$ Jbpcxc~,

ujky ky coykl{ bxc~ibfc n{ joxkd` o yfoll noia&sw

wcu~bl `cdc~oub~ *pjkij coij xkllo`c joy+$

Us~aodo ky kecoll{ yskuce ub yblo~ wsfwy, pkuj

ofwlc ysdyjkdc ode hok~l{ yjollbp `~bsdepouc~

ecwuj$ Kd wloicy pkuj jk`jc~ ecfode ode"b~ eccwc~

`~bsdepouc~, ysij y{yucfy fo{ dbu nc oww~bw~kouc$

Dcxc~ujclcyy, Bzhofy czwc~kcdic kd Us~aodo

ecfbdyu~oucy ujou yblo~ wbpc~ ky ykfwlc~, fb~c

~clkonlc, ode o nk` yucw kd ujc ~k`ju ek~ciukbd kd uc~fy

bh kdi~coykd` ibffsdkukcy yclh&~clkodic es~kd` e~{

ycoybdy ode e~bs`ju, oy pcll oy ~cesikd` ujc lcxcl bh

czuc~dol yswwb~u$

Nclbp= Yblo~ wodcly wbpc~kd` pouc~ y{yucf fodo`ce

n{ ujc Lbo~cdòa pouc~ syc~y oyybikoukbd, kd Us~aodo,

Acd{o$ Wjbub= Modc Nccylc{$

Ioyc Yuse{ Yblo~ wbpc~ kd Acd{o

>>


25/32

>9

Bzhof pb~ace pkuj lbiol noday ub ekyu~knsuc

ioyj ub >3 wc~icdu bh ujc wbwsloukbd *bxc~

?37,777 wcbwlc+$ Ku w~kb~kuk}ce ujc wo~ukikwoukbd

bh xsldc~onlc pbfcd, cywcikoll{ hcfolc&jcoece

jbsycjbley$ Fbdkub~kd` xkykuy ub ycc jbp ioyj

poy ywcdu yjbpce ujou o lo~`c w~bwb~ukbd bh ku

pcdu ub ns{ hbbe kucfy, pjklc bujc~ czwcdekus~c

kdilsece ijkle~cdy yijbblkd`, fcekiol u~coufcdu,

ode wo{kd` bhh jbsycjble ecnuy$ Oy pcll oy

kfw~bxcfcduy kd ujc wj{ykiol pcll&nckd` bhjbsycjbley, ujc ioyj `~oduy joe o w~bhbsde

chhciu bd ~cloukbdyjkwy ncupccd jsynodey ode

pkxcy nbbyukd` ujc yclh&ibdhkecdic bh pbfcd

oy isyubekody bh ujc ioyj, ode ujc ~cywciu ujc{

pc~c `kxcd n{ fcd$

Kd Us~aodo, Bzhof oebwuce o dcp uoiuki,

pjkij poy ub pb~a ek~ciul{ pkuj u~oec~y oy

ujc ekyu~knsub~y bh ioyj$ Ku `oxc `~oduy ub ??3

lbiol u~oec~y ub cdibs~o`c ujcf ub ns{ yubia,

ode ujcd kecdukhkce bxc~ 3,777 jbsycjbley

*:> wc~icdu bh pjkij pc~c hcfolc&jcoece+ ub

~cickxc `~oduy bh 9,777 Acd{od yjkllkd`y *onbsu

%95+, pjkij pc~c `kxcd ub ujc u~oec~y hb~ bdpo~e

ekyu~knsukbd$ Ujc u~oec~ dcupb~a poy hoyuc~, fb~c

chhkikcdu, ode fb~c ycis~c ujod sykd` bujc~

ekyu~knsukbd fcijodkyfy$ Co~l{ oyycyyfcduy

yjbpce ujou ncdchkiko~kcy joe kdi~coyce ujc

dsfnc~ ode xo~kcu{ bh ujck~ eokl{ fcoly, ode ujou

ujc{ joe yubwwce ycllkd` bhh b~ isllkd` od{ hs~ujc~

lkxcyubia$ Bxc~ 87 wc~icdu bh ujc `~oduy pc~c

ywcdu bd hbbe, pkuj yfollc~ wc~icduo`cy syce hb~

cesioukbd, nsklekd` sw yfoll nsykdcyycy, hofkl{jcoluj dccey, ode wo{kd` bhh ecnuy$

Eoeoon ujc lo~`cyu ~chs`cc iofw kd ujc

pb~le

Bzhof oyysfce o foyykxc ~cywbdyknklku{ pkuj kuy

ibffkufcdu ub yswwl{ ?77 wc~icdu bh ujc pouc~

ode yodkuoukbd dccey kd ujc oeekukbdol ykucy

ecyk`douce n{ ujc Acd{od `bxc~dfcdu ou Eoeoon$

Es~kd` ujc ns~cosi~ouki w~bnlcfy ujou eclo{ce

ujc u~odyhc~ bh ~chs`ccy kdub Khb >, Bzhof suklk}ce

ujc pouc~ y{yucfy ku joe kdyuollce ujc~c n{

czucdekd` o wkwclkdc h~bf ujc cfwu{ ykuc oi~byy

ub odbujc~ ykuc ujou poy hsll, pjkij poy qskiac~

ujod ycuukd` sw o pjblc dcp yswwl{$

Bzhofy pb~a kd Eoeoon joy ibdukdsce yucoekl{

hb~ o {co~ czwodekd` kdh~oyu~sius~c kd ujc

dcp iofwy, oy pcll oy wc~hb~fkd` ~bsukdc

fokducdodic bd wkwclkdcy, yc~xkikd` `cdc~oub~y,

ode ek``kd` dcp lou~kdcy$ Fokduokdkd` o j{`kcdki

cdxk~bdfcdu kd o iofw ujky i~bpece ky xkuol Bzhof ~c`slo~l{ ekyu~knsucy ilcodkd` akuy

*kdilsekd` ~oacy, pjcclno~~bpy, lbxcy, n~bbfy,

esyu foyay+, oy pcll oy mc~~{iody ode ybow, ode

ku ~sdy lo~`c&yiolc wsnlki jcoluj iofwok`dy ub

w~bfbuc ujc kfwb~uodic bh jode&poyjkd` ode

ujc ~kyay bh eko~~jcol ekycoycy$

Kd oeekukbd ub pb~a kdykec ujc iofw ykucy, ku

joy nccd kfwb~uodu ub yswwb~u ujc ys~~bsdekd`

ibffsdkukcy, pjb pc~c olyb ohhciuce n{ e~bs`ju,

nsu ysnmciu ub ibdykec~onl{ lcyy fceko ouucdukbd$

Ucdykbdy ncupccd ujc ~cykecdu wbwsloukbd ode ujc~chs`ccy pc~c jk`j1 Bzhof u~kce ub fkdkfk}c ujc

wbyyknklku{ bh hloyjwbkduy n{ u~siakd` pouc~ ode

ysnykek}kd` hscl ub pouc~ wsfwy syce n{ ujc jbyu

ibffsdkukcy$ Oy lbd`c~&uc~f fcoys~cy, Bzhof

joy yswwlkce dcp nb~cjblcy, nsklu lou~kdcy ode

nouj&jbsycy, ode yswwlkce ebdac{y ode io~uy ub

ybfc bh ujc wbb~cyu wcbwlc kd ujcyc xkllo`cy$

Ucdykbdy, jbpcxc~, joxc wc~ykyuce kd Eoeoon$

Uj~couy bh xkblcdic ode akedowwkd` nc`od

ub ~cyu~kiu Bzhofy bwc~oukbdy ub lkhc&yoxkd`

oiukxkukcy bdl{ kd fke&Biubnc~$ Ujky ibkdikece pkuj

ujc ~okd{ ycoybd, iosykd` lbiolk}ce hlbbekd` kd ujc

ykucy ode kdi~coyce ujc ~kya bh ijblc~o$ Bzhofy

yu~bd` ~cloukbdyjkwy pkuj lbiol ibdu~oiub~y ode

ujc ibffsdkukcy ujcfyclxcy fcodu ujou ku ibsle

jode bxc~ fsij bh ujc fokducdodic bh iofw

j{`kcdc ode wsnlki jcoluj yuodeo~ey es~kd`

ujc ukfcy kuy yuohh pc~c onycdu$ Bxc~ ujc {co~,

Bzhof joy oijkcxce o `~cou ecol kd xc~{ ekhhkislu

ik~isfyuodicy kd ujc woyu hcp fbdujy, ku joy

jodece bxc~ fsij bh kuy pb~a wc~fodcdul{ ub

ibffsdkukcy ode bujc~ o`cdikcy, nsu pkll fokduokd

o w~cycdic kd Khb > Coyu, ub yswwb~u sw ub 57,777wcbwlc hb~ ujc dczu {co~, ou lcoyu$

Dcpl{ o~~kxce ~chs`ccy kdKHB iofw ou Eoeoon joxcnccd co`c~l{ pokukd` ubibllciu pouc~ h~bf Bzhofydcpl{ kdyuollce uowy$ Fod{~chs`ccy joxc polace ubujc iofw h~bf Ybfolko odejoxc lkuulc hbbe ub cou$

Wjbub= Mb Jo~~kybd$


26/32

>5

K poy ~coll{ ohhciuce n{ ujc e~bs`ju$ Fbyu

bh f{ lkxcyubia poy ecyu~b{ce$ Ujc w~kic bh

kucfy yjbu swcxc~{bdc joy nccd ohhciuce$Ujc~c poy dbu cdbs`j pouc~, cxc~{ujkd`

e~kce sw ode ujc~c poy o lbu bh ibd`cyukbd

ou ujc pouc~ wbkduy$ Cxcd ibbakd` nciofc

o w~bnlcf nciosyc pc joe yb lkuulc pouc~$

Es~kd` ujc e~bs`ju pc ubba bs~ ~cfokdkd`

lkxcyubia ilbyc~ ub ujc nb~ec~ o~coy, nsu

ujc~c ky ibdhlkiu ujc~c pkuj wcbwlc h~bf

Yseod oy ujc{ o~c olyb uoakd` ujck~ odkfoly

ujc~c nciosyc bh ujc loia bh pouc~ ode

`~oyy$

Nciosyc bh ujky QBzhofV w~bmciu, f{nsykdcyy joy czwodece ode Kxc nccd

onlc ub joxc fb~c yubia$ Nciosyc K joxc

fb~c nsykdcyy, f{ hofkl{ joy joe lcyy

jsd`c~ nciosyc pc dbp iod ohhb~e ub joxc

ybfcujkd` ub cou$ Kf dbp onlc ub wo{ hb~

yijbbl sdkhb~fy ode yijbbl hccy, ode ujc

ijkle~cd iod `b ub yijbbl$ K dbp joxc od

k~bd&yjccu jbsyc ode pc o~c dbp nsklekd`

o ubklcu K ekedu joxc ckujc~ bh ujcyc ujkd`y

nchb~c ujc w~bmciu$ Kf dbp wloddkd` ub

czucde ujc yjbw n{ foakd` ku nk``c~$ Odbujc~

ujkd` ky ujou dbp Kxc `okdce fb~c cibdbfki

wbpc~$ K iod ns{ dcp ilbujcy ode ycde f{ijkle~cd ub yijbbl$ K hccl K joxc ek`dku{ kd ujc

c{cy bh ujc xkllo`c$ K hccl Kf ybfcbdc dbp

ode Kf ~cib`dk}ce$

Kxc ecxclbwce nse`cukd` yaklly$ K adbp jbp

ub w~kb~kuk}c ujc `bbey ujou K ws~ijoyc ub ycll

n{ lbbakd` ou pjou `bbey `b hoyuc~, pjou

yclly pcll ode pjou ebcy dbuujcyc kucfy

K ebdu ns{ b~ ns{ lcyy bh$ K olyb adbp onbsu

ujc kfwb~uodic bh `bbe isyubfc~&u~oec~

~cloukbdy ode ujc kfwb~uodic bh lbbakd` ohuc~

{bs~ isyubfc~ylkac w~bxkekd` kucfy ujc{oya hb~$

Ujc wcbwlc u~syu fc nciosyc K ebdu ecesiu

od{ fbdc{ ode ujc{ ~cywciu fc nciosyc bh

ujky$ Ku olyb accwy fc xc~{ nsy{ ode K hccl

xc~{ joww{ nciosyc Kf pb~akd`$ Nchb~c,

nciosyc bh ujc e~bs`ju, K joe lkuulc ub eb

db nsykdcyy, db fbdc{, ode db bujc~ pb~a

bwwb~usdkukcyyb K hclu kelc ode ujky olyb

foec fc sdjoww{$

Ioyc Yuse{ Olkic Clkf Ablb{, o u~oec~ kd Us~aodo

Olkic Clkf Ablb{, bsuykecjc~ yjbw$ Uj~bs`jBzhofy jclw, yjc joynccd onlc ub czwode jc~nsykdcyy$ ode wo{ hb~ jc~ijkle~cd ub `b ub yijbbl$Wjbub= Modc Nccylc{$


27/32

>3

Eoeoon= ub w~cxcdu ujcnskle sw bh olòc kd ujck~pouc~ ibduokdc~y, pbfcdode k~ly o~c w~bxkecepkuj ybow ode u~okdcejbp ub w~bwc~l{ poyjujcf ilcod$Wjbub= Mb Jo~~kybd$

Kd ujc co~l{ fbdujy bh >7??, Bzhof hbisyce bd

w~cyykd` `bxc~dfcduy hb~ o ecikykxc ~cywbdyc

ub ujc i~kyky, ycis~kd` kdi~coyce hsdekd` ubw~cxcdu ujc ykusoukbd pb~ycdkd`, ode ibdesiukd`

czucdykxc doukbdol ode ~c`kbdol oexbioi{ pb~a

ub jk`jlk`ju ujc lbd`&uc~f w~bnlcfy pjkij

joxc foec ujc ykusoukbd yb yc~kbsy$ Ujcd, kd

Msl{, Bzhof jclwce ub cyuonlkyj ujc Oh~kiody

Oiu 5 Oh~kio *OO5O+ iofwok`d, pjkij nsklu

bd ~oyy~bbuy fbxcfcduy ode w~bxkece o

wlouhb~f hb~ Oh~kiod ikuk}cdy ub ioll bd ujck~ bpd

`bxc~dfcduy ode ~c`kbdol nbekcy ysij oy ujc

Oh~kiod Sdkbd ub oee~cyy ujc hbbe i~kyky oy od

s~`cdu fcoys~c$ Oh~kiod iclcn~kukcy ode wbwslo~

fsykikody h~bf oi~byy ujc ibdukdcdu ubba ub

ybikol ode u~oekukbdol fceko ub cdys~c `bbe

ibxc~o`c, ode ujc iofwok`d jclwce ub `cdc~ouc

xkuol wblkukiol w~cyys~c1 Oh~kiod bxc~dfcduy

wlce`ce %59f ub hsde ~clkch chhb~uy$ OO5O pkll

ibdukdsc ub pb~a ub jble `bxc~dfcduy ub oiibsdu

kd eclkxc~kd` ujcyc wlce`cy, ode foakd` ys~c ujou

dczu ukfc fb~c ky ebdc fb~c qskial{ ub w~buciu

xsldc~onlc wcbwlc$

Kd Ycwucfnc~ >7??, Bzhof mbkdce wo~udc~y h~bf

o~bsde ujc pb~le ub ecxclbw, e~ohu, ode losdij

ujc Ijo~uc~ ub Cde Czu~cfc Jsd`c~$ Ujky s~`cy

`bxc~dfcduy ub fccu ujck~ ~cywbdyknklkukcy n{

uoakd` ibdi~cuc yucwy ub w~cxcdu hsus~c hbbe

i~kycy$ Ujc Ijo~uc~ joy ~cickxce pkecyw~coe

yswwb~u h~bf ac{ kduc~doukbdol hk`s~cy, kdilsekd`

ujc Acd{od W~kfc Fkdkyuc~, ujc CS Ibffkyykbdc~,

ode ujc SA Yci~cuo~{ bh Yuouc hb~ Kduc~doukbdol

Ecxclbwfcdu$

Bzhof ky wo~u bh ujc ^C@LOW ibdyb~uksf o

~c`kbdol fsluk&o`cdi{ lco~dkd` ode oexbioi{

w~b`~of, pjkij ebisfcduy `bbe w~oiukicy odelcyybdy lco~dce bd jbp ub ncyu yu~cdùjcd ujc

~cyklkcdic bh ibffsdkukcy kd ujc e~{lodey bh Coyu

Oh~kio$ Ku lbnnkcy `bxc~dfcduy, D@By, ode bujc~

yuoacjblec~y ub oebwu kfw~bxce wblkikcy$

Kd Modso~{ >7?>, Bzhof wsnlkyjce od kdhlscdukol

~cwb~u,O Eod`c~bsy Eclo{, mbkdul{ pkuj Yoxc ujc

Ijkle~cd$ Ykdic ujcd, fod{ ebdb~y joxc oddbsdice

fb~c hlczknlc oww~boijcy ub hsdekd` ujou pkll ollbp

hb~ lbd`c~&uc~f kdxcyufcdu, nchb~c ykusoukbdy

ncibfc i~kukiol$ Ujc Cs~bwcod Sdkbd joy nccd

dbuonlc hb~ kuy `cdc~bsy ode w~bfwu hsdekd` hb~ ujc>7?> hbbe i~kyky kd Pcyu Oh~kio, sykd` jsfodkuo~kod

hsdey hb~ co~l{ fkukòukbd bh ujc ecxclbwkd` i~kyky$

Ycxc~ol ibsdu~kcy, kdilsekd` Acd{o ode Cujkbwko, o~c

dbp ecxclbwkd` wlody ub nskle ~cyklkcdic ub ij~bdki

e~bs`ju hb~ ujck~ wbwsloukbdy$ Jbpcxc~, ujc is~~cdu

Pcyu Oh~kio hbbe i~kyky olyb kdekioucy ujou fod{

oiub~y joxc {cu ub kfwlcfcdu lcyybdy lco~dce h~bf

ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio i~kyky$

Ysij lcyybdy kdilsec ujc kfwb~uodic bh co~l{

po~dkd` y{yucfy hbisykd` fb~c bd lkxclkjbbey,

ibwkd` fcijodkyfy ode hbbe ycis~ku{ w~bmciukbdy

ujod bd dsu~kukbdol eouo, ode ujc dcce hb~

ysnyuodukxc ebdb~ kdxcyufcdu kd jbsycjble ode

ibffsdku{ ~cyklkcdic ode co~l{ fkukòukbd oiukxkukcy

oy pcll oy yswwb~ukd` iowoiku{&nsklekd` kd ikxkl

ybikcu{ ub ecol pkuj i~kyky ykusoukbdy ode yjbiay$

Bzhof ibdukdscy oexbioukd` ujc ~clcxodu oiub~y

ub ijod`c ujck~ oww~boijcy ub ncuuc~ fccu ujcijollcd`cy bh ujc ibfkd` {co~y$

^C@KBDOL OEXBIOI[


28/32

>8

Bzhof ~okyce %??:$:f hb~ kuy e~bs`ju ~cywbdyc

w~b`~of$ N{ ujc cde bh Msdc >7?>, oww~bzkfoucl{

%:8$0f bh ujcyc hsdey pkll joxc nccd ywcdu$Ujc~c o~c wlody ub ywcde ujc ~cfokdkd` hsdey,

pjkij o~c foec sw bh nbuj wsnlki owwcoly kdibfc

ode ibdu~oiuy pkuj ebdb~y, es~kd` ujc ibfkd` {co~$

Dbuc= ujky hkdodikol ~cwb~u sycy hb~cioyuy hb~ nbuj

kdibfc ode czwcdekus~c hb~ Ow~kl ub Msdc >7?>$

Ybs~icy bh hsdekd`Hsdey hb~ Bzhofy ~cywbdyc ub ujc e~bs`ju kd

Coyu Oh~kio iofc h~bf o pkec ~od`c bh ybs~icy$

%9>$0f bh ujc ubuol iofc h~bf wsnlki ebdoukbdy$

O hs~ujc~ %?3$>f iofc uj~bs`j bujc~ fcijodkyfy,

ysij oy ujc Esuij Ibbwc~oukd` B~`odkyoukbd *YJB+

hsde, ujc Iodoekod Jsfodkuo~kod Ibolkukbd, ode

ujc SAy Ekyoyuc~ Cfc~`cdi{ Ibffkuucc *ECI+$

@bxc~dfcduy ode bujc~ o`cdikcy w~bxkece%89$:f hb~ ujc ~cywbdyc$ @bxc~dfcduy yswwb~ukd`

Bzhofy ~cywbdyc kdilsec ujbyc bh Osyu~olko,

Ncl`ksf, Iodoeo, ujc Dcujc~lodey, H~odic, Jbd`

Abd`, K~clode, Dcp ]colode, ^c`kbdol Ywodkyj

@bxc~dfcduy, Ypcecd, Yibulode, ujc SA ode

ujc SYO?$ Bujc~ o`cdikcy kdilsec ujc Cs~bwcod

Ibffkyykbd Jsfodkuo~kod Bhhkic *CIJB+ ode

ycxc~ol SD o`cdikcy, ysij oy ujc ^chs`cc

O`cdi{ *SDJI^+, SDKICH ode ujc Bhhkic hb~ ujc

Ibb~ekdoukbd bh Jsfodkuo~kod Ohhok~y *SDBIJO+$ Ujc

~cfokdkd` %0f iofc h~bf bujc~ ybs~icy, kdilsekd`

hbsdeoukbdy ode u~syuy$

Hk`s~c 5= Hsdey ollbioucen{ Bzhof ohhklkoucy ubuol%??:$:f$

Ohhklkouc Kdibfc ^cickxce

Bzhof Ofc~kio %3$5f

Bzhof Iodoeo %3$9f

Bzhof @N %00$0f

Kduc~fd Bzhof %:$3f

Bzhof Dbxkn %>7$8f

Dbu {cu ollbiouce %?$9f

Ubuol %??:$:f

@bxc~dfcduy%9?$:f

Ibolkukbdy*c`$ ECI, YJB+

%?3$>f

SD O`cdikcy%9>$7f

Wsnlki%9>$0f

Bujc~%0$7f

Bzhof Ofc~kio %9$>fBzhof Osyu~olko %>$;f

Bzhof Iodoeo %>$>f

Bzhof @N %?>$7f

Kduc~fd Bzhof %8$7f

Bujc~ Bzhofy %8$5f

HKDODIC

Hk`s~c 9= Ybs~icy bh hsdekd`hb~ Bzhofy e~bs`ju ~cywbdyckd Coyu Oh~kio >7??"?> ubuol%??:$:f$

Dbuc= Wsnlki owwcoly ubuolyyjbpd czilsec kdibfc syceub ibxc~ hsde~okykd` ibyuy$

?$ Bzhof Ofc~kio ebcy dbu ek~ciul{ oiicwu SY `bxc~dfcdu hsdey$ Ujky fbdc{ poy kxcd ub Bzhof @N$


29/32

>0

Ujc Bzhof ibdhcec~oukbd ky foec sw bh ?0

kdecwcdecdu ohhklkoucy, pb~akd` ub`cujc~ oy bdc

ub yjo~c lco~dkd`, czwc~kcdic ode ~cybs~icy,kd b~ec~ ub fozkfk}c kfwoiu ode ~cysluy$ Ujc

fokd Bzhof ohhklkoucy pb~akd` pkuj wo~udc~y

ode eclkxc~kd` w~b`~of oiukxkukcy kd ujc Jb~d

bh Oh~kio o~c Bzhof Ofc~kio, Bzhof Iodoeo,

Bzhof @N, Kduc~fd Bzhof *Ywokd+, ode Bzhof

Dbxkn *Dcujc~lodey+$ Jbpcxc~, ujc hsde~okykd`

owwcol ode bujc~ ~clouce fceko ode iofwok`dkd`

oiukxkukcy pc~c o ibdhcec~oukbd&pkec ~cywbdyc$

Jbp ujc fbdc{ joy nccd ywcdu

Ujc fokd hbisy bh czwcdekus~c ky bd ~clkch

yswwlkcy ode fouc~koly, pkuj %9:$>f ywcdu bd

cfc~`cdi{ hbbe ycis~ku{ ode lkxclkjbbey pb~a

ode %>9$9f bd pouc~ ode yodkuoukbd kdwsuy$

O hs~ujc~ %3$3f poy ywcdu bd bujc~ w~b`~ofoiukxkukcy, kdilsekd` oexbioi{, iofwok`dkd` ode

fceko$ %?3$8f poy ywcdu bd ek~ciu fodo`cfcdu

yswwb~u ub ujc w~b`~of, kdilsekd` hkdodikol,

lb`kyukiol, J^ ode w~b`~of yswwb~u, pkuj oll nsu

%?f bh ujky nckd` ywcdu lbioll{$ Od oeekukbdol

%5$?f poy ywcdu kd jcoe bhhkicy, kd b~ec~

ub w~bxkec ujc fbdkub~kd`, ibb~ekdoukbd ode

~cwb~ukd` dcicyyo~{ ub chhciukxcl{ yswwb~u ujc

ohhklkoucy bd`bkd` w~b`~ofy$

Dbuc= Dco~l{ oll bh ujc W~b`~of Yswwb~u

czwcdekus~c poy ywcdu lbioll{, ode kdilsecylb`kyukiy czwcdekus~c$

Hk`s~c 3= Czwcdekus~c bdBzhofy e~bs`ju ~cywbdyc kdCoyu Oh~kio >7??"?> ubuol%:8$0f$

Dbuc= Dco~l{ oll bh ujcW~b`~of Yswwb~u czwcdekus~cpoy ywcdu lbioll{,ode kdilsecy lb`kyukiyczwcdekus~c$

Hk`s~c 8= Czwcdekus~c n{ibsdu~{"~c`kbd ubuol%:8$0f$

Ibsdu~{ Ek~ciu W~b`~ofYwcde

W~b ~of Yswwb~u Bujc~ Yswwb~uIbyuy

Ubuol

Cujkbwko %?8$0f %0$3f & %>5$>f

Acd{o %?8$3f %7$;f & %?0$5f

Ybfolko %99$:f %5$0f & %9:$3f

^c`kbdol & %?$3f & %?$3f

J_ & %?$7f %5$?f %3$?f

%80$7f %?3$8f %5$?f %:8$0f

Bujc~W~b`~of

pb~a%3$3f

Pouc~ (Yodkuoukbd%>9$9f

Hbbe Ycis~ku{( Lkxclkjbbey%9:$> f

W~b`~ofYswwb~u%?3$8f

J_ yswwb~u%5$?f


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>:

Ujc Jb~d bh Oh~kio ky yshhc~kd`, ode pkll

ibdukdsc ub yshhc~ h~bf, ij~bdki i{ilkiol

e~bs`ju ibdekukbdy$ Ujky foacy ujc ykusoukbdxc~{ ekhhc~cdu h~bf ujou bh bdc&bhh, yseecd&

bdycu ekyoyuc~y ysij oy ujc Ybsuj&coyu Oykod

uysdofk b~ ujc co~ujqsoac kd Jokuk$ Bxc~ ujc {co~,

Bzhof joy nccd onlc ub fbxc h~bf cfc~`cdi{

^clkch Oyykyuodic ub ujc ^cibdyu~siukbd ode

Fkuk`oukbd yc`fcduy bh ujc E~bs`ju I{ilc

Fodo`cfcdu Fbecl *kllsyu~ouce kd Hk`s~c ? bd

wo`c 3+$ Jbpcxc~, pjklc loyu Dbxcfnc~y ~okdy

pc~c `bbe *ode jcox{ ~okdy ohuc~ e~bs`ju iosyc

w~bnlcfy bh ujck~ bpd+, ujc >7?> Fo~ijOw~kl

ycoybd poy wouij{ ode kdoecqsouc kd fod{

wloicy, ode hb~cioyuy hb~ ujc ~cyu bh ujc {co~

~cfokd fkzce$ Bzhof ode kuy wo~udc~y ujc~chb~c

joxc ub yuo{ olc~u ub ujc wbyyknklku{ bh joxkd` ub

w~cwo~c hb~ odbujc~ wc~kbe bh ~clkch oyykyuodic kd

ybfc o~coy kh ujc ~okdy hokl o`okd$

Jbpcxc~, ujc{ olyb ~cib`dk}c ujou, pjklc

e~bs`juy kd e~{ }bdcy ysij oy ujcyc ioddbu nc

w~cxcduce, ujc{ bdl{ ncibfc ekyoyuc~y nciosyc

b

Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa: Progress Report, July 2011 - July 2012

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Transcript of Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa: Progress Report, July 2011 - July 2012