Folkestone Regeneration
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Transcript of Folkestone Regeneration
ILIANNA KLIANIPRESTO LARGO
CARC1027 RESEARCH & DESIGN 4 / SYNOPTIC
GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN ARCHITECTURE, YEAR 4
UNIVERSITY FOR THE CREATIVE ARTS
CANTERBURY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
Folkestone is a coastal town located in the district of Shepway in Kent and is surrounded by various satellite towns, these include Cheriton, Capel-le-ferne, Hawkinge and Seabrook. Its population is approximately 53,411.
Folkestone was once the jewel in Kent’s crown. Up until the 19th century, Folkestone remained a small fishing village whose coastline was constantly battered by the weather; Nowadays Folkstone is distinguished by its elegance and tradition, wide leafy avenues and cinnamon brick buildings; period architecture with Georgian stone columns; the Cobbled old High Street, the bandstand set amongst breathtaking flower arrangements is regularly hosting outdoor con-certs and a variety of activities such as windsurfing, sailing, fishing, cycling. The working harbour with the wide sweeping promenade offers outstanding views.
“One of the prettiest watering places on the south coast. The situa-tion is delightful, the air is delicious, and the breezy hills and downs, carpeted with wild thyme and decorated with millions of wild flowers are, on the faith of a pedestrian, perfect.”- Charles Dickens on Folkestone.
Folkestone Harbour was built in stages between the 1840s and early 1900s around the old fishing port of Folkestone. Over the years passenger freight ferries, and cargo ships operated from the port to various destinations, the best-remembered link being that between Folkestone and Boulogne. By the late 1990s ferry operators Sea Containers Ltd, who then also owned Folkestone Harbour, decided that ferry operations had become unsustainable and the last ferry link was closed down in 2000.
In 2004, Sea Containers sold Folkestone Harbour to Roger De Haan CBE, former Chairman of the largest local employer, Saga. The Folkestone Harbour Company (FHC) then completed the acquisition of further land on the seafront in 2007. Since that time extensive consultation has taken place with planning authorities and govern-ment agencies, examining a wide variety of options for the develop-ment of the 35 acre site.
The aim of the project is to provide transport to and from the new seafront area of the town to the town centre. The town has been at the centre of British history for nearly 2,000 years and has been the loca-tion of many historic events that are a valuable resource for the town and its tourism in addition to being a modern creative and technical lo-cation. As well as increasing the town’s visitors without increasing road traffic within it.
The development of Folkestone as a seaside resort was made possible by the arrival of the railway in the 1840s. However, the Harbour sta-tion was effectively closed along with the harbour when cross-channel services ended.
FACTS-1843: the arrival of the railway transformed folkestone into a holiday destination-the channel tunnel opened in 1994-the high-speed rail connections reducing travel times to London and Europe-development of creative quarter and folkestone triennial-open up waterfront access
The unique geography of Folkestone means that the town and railway are in close proximity along the whole length of a corridor that extends from the East Cliff through to Westernhanger provides an ideal opportunity to promote a town where walking and cycling is prioritised ahead of cars and driving. This would distinguish Folkestone from the subtopian sprawl of Ashford and Canterbury.
Conveniently, there is the possibility of providing a landmark station with parking and retail at Folkestone Junction. A reduction in road traffic would transform the existing architecture of the Old Town, Har-bour and East Cliff.The pleasingly varied changes of level, that distin-guish this area of the town, could be transformed into a series of walks and squares redolent of Mediterranean environments and lifestyles.
The promotion of Folkestone as an environmentally sustainable lin-ear development is possible because, through modern technological improvement, its geographical and historical legacies can be recast to the town’s advantage.
The chance to make the railway work for Folkestone and for it to become the spine of Folkestone’s linear development should be seized with the utmost urgency.
FOLKESTONE CHARIVARIJuly event features a procession of hundreds of
children in colourful costumes, bands and a programmme of musical entertainment.
FOLKESTONE MULTI-CULTURAL FESTIVALIn early June, annual four-day festival of entertai-
ment and cultural experiences. Street theatre, music, dance, food samplings, workshops and children’s
events.
FOLKESTONE TRIENNIALInaugurated in 2008, three-yearly summer season (June-September) exhibition of especially created
work by internationally acclaimed sculptors and art-ists. Sited in public spaces - and free.
FOLKESTONE BOOK FESTIVALBringing together the creative worlds of letters, art,
music and theatre, annual nine-day event (in November). Lectures, discussions, seminars,
performances, workshops and activities for young people.
As soon as the line opened to Dover, the towns status rose and further stations were opened at Folkestone West in 1863 and Folkestone Central in 1884. The line to the harbour was eventually closed in 2002 but often re opens on special occasions for trains such as the British Pullman and the Orient Express.
The aim is to provide trains from London to link with a cross-channel service from Folkestone, visiting battle-sites and other places of inter-est in France.
Market research has indicated that there is a viable tourist business and a potential of 100,000 to 250,000 visitors per annum who would follow in the footsteps of their forefathers, visiting the railway, its nation-ally important heritage and a ferry link with its twinned town of Boulogne and its nearby coastal destinations.
The local authority is encouraging people to use public transport, cycle or walk to and from the station, which would make some impact on reducing the city’s carbon emissions.
FOLKESTONE’S MAIN EVENTS
Site Outline
FOLKESTONE
Sandy Beach
Site Panoramic
Inner Harbour Tontine Street Creative Quarter Tontine StreetUrban Art
Port Pier
Shingle Beach
Harbour Swing Bridge
Railway Tracks
Train Station Platforms
Town Centre
Cruise ships are generally large vessels that will normally use Dover but there are a few small-er “5 star” vessels that make use of smaller harbours as a selling point. Some are ocean-going and some are coastal vessels. Folkestone has reasons to visit that will encourage calls and we will seek to persuade the Folkestone Harbour Company to more fully use the existing harbour facilities for the benefit of the town. Clearly there is also an interest in promoting this as the harbour station and branch railway provide a direct link for connecting trains to use.
From London - 1 hour 19 mins. Gatwick - 1 hour 30 mins. Heathrow - 1 hour 50 mins. France - 35 mins. Canterbury - 30 mins. Dover - 15 mins. Eurotunnel - 5 mins.
If the ferry service is unable to operate the base service will be morning and evening on Fridays to Sundays from London Victoria to Folkestone Harbour and return. This will betargeting day trips and the short break market with Folkestone as the destination.
Initial ferry crossings will be passenger only but there are future prospects for including cars at a later date. When taking rail and ferry projects together we believe that we can increase the number of “reasons to visit” for both Folkestone and Boulogne.
The new smaller market opportunity would be for ocean going vessels carrying between 100 and 500 guests. These vessels pass up and down the English Channel twice a year between their main markets so smaller ports provide positive product benefits.
The ferry may, in the future, also carry vehicles so the ferry operator will then need to match the number of booked passengers to the vessel’s passenger certificate. Mixing motorists, port-to-port foot passengers and train passengers requires estimating the best mix plus the rail service also needs to ensure that its trains are filled.
Heritage educationPresentation room and a place at which lunches can be taken. We will investigate thepotential for a baggage coach that can be used for short films that would expand the stories.
Short breaksWe will, with the ferry operator, market Boulogne, Folkestone, London and Maidstone as short break destinations. For this reason we have started to feature Folkestone and Boulogne
Charter trainsCharter trains add income over and above the regular services for little extra costs.It will encourage charter train operators to make Folkestone their destination, something that is difficult at present because of the long distance of both mainline stations from the town centre and proposed seafront development. We believe that offering Folkestone Harbour as the destination will encourage more visitors to the town.
The ferry may, in the future, also carry vehicles so the ferry operator will then need to match the number of booked passengers to the vessel’s passenger certificate. Mixing motorists, port-to-port foot passengers and train passengers requires estimating the best mix plus the rail service also needs to ensure that its trains are filled.
When passengers book a through ticket to Boulogne our sales system will ensure that there is space on both train and ferry before making a through reservation and issuing the ticket. This process will mean that when through passengers reach Folkestone they will simply pass through the check-in process using the same ticket on which they travelled to the harbour.Our fares will be lower than the normal rail service but competitive with using a private car.
The railway can be viable without the ferry but with ferry connections there is a larger volume of passengers as a result of increased market opportunities. One train can bring in between 200 to 600 passen-gers.
If our trains connect with fast ferry services to and from Boulogne then services will operate daily. This will extend our day trip and short break market to Boulogne which has historically been the most popular Opale Coast resort.
Approximate numbers of visitors attanding Folkestone’s events during 2010:
Book Festival50,000 over 1 week
Folkestone Charicari10,000 on 1 day
Folkestone Green Festival15,000 over 1 week
Folkestone Triennial 100,000 over 3 months
Folkestone Multi-Cultural Festival85,000 over 3 days
Estimated numbers of peopleattending Folkestone’s events after proposed train station and ferry terminal opening:
Book Festival90,000 over 1 week
Folkestone Charicari18,000 on 1 day
Folkestone Green Festival28,000 over 1 week
Folkestone Triennial 169,000 over 3 months
Folkestone Multi-Cultural Festival150,000 over 3 days
Since the train station’s closure the numbers of visitors have dropped by half.
Local food (also regional food or food patriotism) or the local food movement is a “collaborative effort to build more locally based, self-reliant food economies - one in which sustainable food production, processing, distribution, and consumption is integrated to enhance the economic, environmental and social health of a particular place.” It is consid-ered to be a part of the broader sustainability movement. It is part of the concept of local purchasing and local economies, a preference to buy locally produced goods and services.
Also, “it is a geographical concept related to the distance between food producers and consumers. In addition to geographic proximity of producer and consumer, however, local food can also be defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics.” However, farm-ers are selling directly to consumers at regional farmers’ markets or to schools
Folkestone Supermarkets: outsourcing vs local productionLidlTescoAsdaSainsbury’sIcelandMorrisonsCostcutterCo-operative
10 reasons to eat Organic
The best reason for buying organic food is simply that it tastes good, but there may also be sound health reasons for doing so. It has been shown in some studies to have more vitamins and trace ele-ments than conventionally grown food and of course, it will not have been treated with any noxious chemicals.
-It is safe, nutritious, unadulterated food-It does not use artificial chemicals, pesticides and fertilisers-It is environmentally friendly-It is produced without GMOs, which are prohibited within the SoilAssociation standards for Organic Food and Farming-It places great emphasis on animal welfare-It is produced without the routine use of antibitotics and growth-promoting drugs-It reduces dependence on non-renewable resources-There has not been a case of BSE in any herd which has been in full organic management since before 1985.-It relies on a modern and scientific understanding of ecology and soil science, while also depending on traditional methods of crop rotations to ensure fertility and weed and pest control-Over time, artificial pest controls become less and less effective, so application rates have to be increased or another control found
Organic farming and food - UK
Since the early 1990’s, organic farming in the UK has expanded rapidly and by mid 2003 accounted for 4% of the agricultural land area with nearly 4000 farms managing some 720,000 hectares. This growth has been driven by consumers and policy makers who see organic farming as making a contribution to environmental, welfare, social and nutritional goals. It is one of a number of sustainable food production strategies; integrated farming being another, less restric-tive option for farmers.
The production of artificial chemicals and fertilisers is energy intensive. It takes as much energy to produce a tonne of fer-tilisers as it does to produce a tone of steel. The use of com-post, recycled waste and non-genetically engineered biologi-cal fertilisers is central to organic farming.The killing of soil life is also the burning out of soil carbon. Organic farms by definition depend on soil carbon to remain viable. If they do not conserve organic matter and slowly build the organic carbon of the soil they will not produce crops be-yond the conversion period.The industrialisation of farming is energy intensive. This is the style of agriculture that is both inhumane, wasteful of resourc-es, and unhealthy for animals and consumersOrganic food is often over-packaged and transported ex-cessive distances by centralised supermarket distribution systems. This is a down side which can be reduced by wise consumer decisions at point of sale. Organic standards stipu-late a preference for recylclable or renewable packaging.
Organic farming aims at reducing the costs of production and helps farmers in getting reasonable returns. Organic farming is today’s answer not only for sustained productivity, but also for safe and nutritious food. Demand for organic food is increasing rapidly. Products that are certified and sold as ‘organic’ can fetch a premium price compared with conventional products.
In the past decade, organic agriculture has grown from a niche market to a market force, demonstrating that it is an option for profitable enterprises. Organic agriculture is a socially and environmentally friend-ly approach to the food chain by agriculture. Apart from taking care of the health concerns of living organisms, it also addresses environmental issues.
Organic agriculture is not just about going back to the traditional ways of farming but an amalgamation of old and new to optimise the health and productivity of inter-dependent communities of soil life, plants, ani-mals and people.It uses crop rotations, organic fertilisers and seeds new crop varieties, technologies and efficient machinery. It avoids pesticides and chemi-cal additives. The farmers rely on biological, cultural and physical methods to limit pest expansion and increase populations of beneficial insects on their farm.Apart from blending modern science with traditional knowledge, organ-ic agriculture is also a means of converting low-input and subsistence farms into more productive systems. In addition to taking advantage of locally available resources and reducing the food miles and the carbon footprint of the produce, it also results in the efficient use of natural re-sources and promotes biodiversity. Through the recycling of renewable resources, organic agriculture makes it possible for farmers and fishermen to flourish in the absence of external agricultural inputs.
The organic market also generates employment in rural areas. However, policies and principles are needed to increase the accessibility of organic agriculture so that the full benefit of sustainable agriculture, rural development and food security can be realized.The three principles of organic agriculture areHealth – The success of organic agriculture is not at the cost of the health of soil, plant, animal and humans. It treats each of these four parts as one and indivisible, whole.Ecology – Organic agriculture works in tandem with ecological systems and cycles.Responsible and sustainable – Organic Agriculture is managed in a responsible manner that aims at protecting the health and well being of current and future generations and the environment.
1 - Existing Site Forces - Wind Direction and Sun Path
3 - Main Access and Attraction Points 4 - Function Zones and Linking Paths
2 - Proposed zoning of activities
Site Outline
Rail Track
Main Access Point
Nodes
Linking Paths for Pedestrians
Secondary Paths for Pedestrians
Vehicular Circulation
Secondary Car Access
Existing Access Roads
Existing Pedestrian Promenade
Wind Direction
Sun Path
Urban Organic Farm & Garden
Train & Ferry Pavillion
Open Area (Markets & Events)
Landscaped Garden
Organic Farm
Activity Zones
5 - Removing Visual Grid - Allow Free Movement Through Natural Flow
7 - Pedestrian and Vehicular Circulation 8 - Urban Farm Organisation and Landscape Arrangement
6 - Circulation Through Site as Result of Natural Movement
Site Outline
Rail Track
Main Access Point
Nodes
Linking Paths for Pedestrians
Secondary Paths for Pedestrians
Vehicular Circulation
Secondary Car Access
Existing Access Roads
Existing Pedestrian Promenade
Wind Direction
Sun Path
Urban Organic Farm & Garden
Train & Ferry Pavillion
Open Area (Markets & Events)
Landscaped Garden
Organic Farm
Activity Zones
Site Outline
Assem
bly Points
Pedestrian Connections
Vehicular Connections
Landscape
Urban Farm
AX
ON
OM
ETRIC
LAYER
S OF
PRO
POSED
SITE DEV
ELOP-
MEN
T
DESIG
N O
BJEC
TIVES
Goals &
Onjectives
It is important for the schem
e to promote the idea of a “w
alkable environment”. Even
though the project is considered as a comm
ercial use development and it has a cer-
tain target user, the design considers that everyone can access this project and on m
ultiple levels. The goal is to create a strong base for future development.
Design / A
ccess elements
The project is a mixed use developm
ent where the m
ix has been achieved vertically and horizontally by responding to the site requirem
ents and the functions needs.The developm
ent comprises of a railw
ay station, ferry terminal, urban organic farm
, and an open city m
arket. Introduction of transportation network, com
prising of a rail-w
ay and a road network w
orking together inorder to connect, enter, exit, and transfer in different layers w
ithout any impact of each on others.
ScaleThe com
ponents proportion have responded to the city skyline scale by respecting the m
aximum
existing heights. There is afocus on certain elements in the proposed
design to improve the feeling of the “landm
ark”.
LandscapeSpecial care has been addressed tow
ards the design of the landscape in terms of the
quantities as well as the type of the selected elem
ents. The goal is to select a durable m
aterial that can last for the whole life of the project.
The landscape design cannot be seperated from the w
hole masterplan design, rather
being a background and major part of the w
hole masterplan w
ithout affecting the “ar-chitectural statem
ents” on the development com
ponents. This is because it is respon-sible to add hum
an value to the outdoor spaces by making them
safe, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing in a sim
ple way.
1 - Apples
2 - Tomatoes
3 - Cherries
4 - Potatoes5 - C
bbage6 - Spinach7 - Peas8 - Thym
e9 - Lavender10 - Peaches11 - Zucchini12 - N
astrurtium13 - B
eans14 - D
ill15 - Straw
berries16 - M
int17 - Pum
pkin18 - W
atermelon
19 - Scallion20 - Lettuce21 - O
nion22 - G
arlic23 - cucum
ber24 - Peppers25 - B
roccoli
OR
GA
NIC
FAR
MIN
G
In organic farming, rather than using synthetic pesticides to kill pests,
farmers prevent pests by planting a bio-diverse range of crops, by
rotations, and by using natural, biological and environment-friendly
sprays. This means no artificial pesticides, no herbicides, no horm
ones and no grow
th promoters or food irradiation. O
rganics also prohibits the use of genetically m
odified organisms (G
MO
s). Organic standards
clearly define the allowed and prohibited production and processing
methods.
Natural fertilizers
There are various ways of m
aking natural fertilizers based on available resources. D
ry leaves, kitchen waste, anim
al dung, human excrete,
poultry waste, straw, grass, etc., can all be converted into excellent
manure by com
posting. Using earthw
orms has proven to be a very
good source of natural fertilizer for plants, as well as for speeding up
the process of composting.
Pest controlThere are several natural w
ays of keeping away pests. N
eem tree oil,
eucalyptus oil and earthworm
oil are some of the natural substances
that can be sprayed for pest control. Other m
ethods used are crop rotation and com
panion planting. It is also important to understand the
food chain to keep pests in control. Some anim
als help control pests.
Rainw
ater harvestingThough not m
andatory as per the standards, but rainwater harvest-
ingand conserving resources is a good practice. Rain w
ater harvest-ing helps in retaining the soil m
oisture and also helps in conserving resources by w
ay of limiting use of pum
ped water from
the ground. It also helps in recharging the depleting w
ater table. Use of alternative
power, such as solar and w
ind, also goes a long way in conserving
global resources.
BR
ING
ING
OR
GA
NO
PON
ICO
S IN TH
E UK
Organoponicos are a system
of urban organic gardens in cuba. They are gardens located in vacant lots in urban areas w
here the soil is not cultivable, thus cultivation take splace in raised beds or concrete containers.O
rganboponicos provide access to job opportunities, a fresh food supply to the com
munity and beautification of urban areas. It is
part of the conecpt of local purchasing and local economies, a
preference to buy locally produced goods and services.
In these days of economic strive and dram
atic world w
ide change it is tim
e to take food production into our own hands.
The “Grow
For It” project in Nottingham
is the first Urban H
ub in the U
K.
Organoponico = an O
rganic Green R
evolution
Organoponico = R
eal Food Security achieved by comm
unities for com
munities.
BEIN
G SELF-SU
FFICIEN
T
Grow
ing organic vegetables is the single most im
portant step to a sustainable, healthy life. W
hen vegetables are grown at hom
e they are fresh and free of chem
icals, eliminating food m
iles and cutting C
O² em
issions by up to 30%. It takes a few
hours of w
ork a week. In just 40 square m
etres you can grow 472kg of
vegetables which is enough for four people. So just 10m
² will
feed one person.
Vegetables need plenty of sun in order to grow, receiving at least 6 hours of sun per day. You w
ill need only 22,800L of annual supplementary w
ater, w
hich can be produced by a 7000L tank.
Soil preparationH
ealthy, organic food draws its goodness from
the soil, so make
sure your soil is brimm
ing with vitality, w
ith generous quanti-ties of w
ell rotted manure.Prepare your beds w
ell by removing
weeds and digging the area to break up the soil. This m
eans that direct-sow
n seeds make contact w
ith fine, moist soil for quick
germination. D
igging over the soil should take no more than a
weekend’s w
ork.
Crop rotation
To minim
ise nutrition depletion, rotate soil improvers after
heavy and light feeders. Dig in com
post and blood and bone, then apply m
ulch after harvest to boost organic matter, w
orm
activity and fertility.D
on’t plant the same vegetables in the sam
e place two seasons
running. By changing w
hat you grow w
here, you will prevent
pests and diseases building up in the soil
PLAN
TING
PLAN
12 3
4
5 6
7
8
9
2524
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
1514
1312
11
10
FINAL MASTERPLAN PROPOSAL
Site Section A-A 1:500
Site Plan 1:5000
A
A
1 - Train Station and Ferry Terminal Pavillion2 - Plaza (Farmer’s Market and Events)3 - Sports Area4 - Shops / Storage5 - Amphitheatre (Educational + Events)6 - Skatepark7 - Bike Station8 - Landscaped Steps Access to Beach9 - Water Collectors10 - Underground Carpark
1
2
3
4
4
56
7
7
88
88
8
8
94
9 9
9
9
9
9
10
The LandscapeThere are 3 main access points into the site. the roads are wide enough for trucks to enter for farming equipment, produce collection etc. The farms are zoned according to different irrigation systems needed for different crops, and are raised higher than the zero level so that there is no immediate access from the public. There are public zones set in the organic farm making this a public park with an educational/cultural centre making it also a toutistic destination.
Ground Floor Plan 1:500
AA
First Floor Plan 1:500
AA
The Building A
rrangement
The undulating landscape of the garden allows
for a smooth raise of the ground closing up to
the first level of the building where the m
ain entrance is.O
n the ground floor we find the platform
s of the train, the covered carpark under the raised ground and all the m
ain services of the build-ing. A
ll of this appears to be underground.The first level accom
modates both the train
station and ferry terminal. Vertical circulation to
the platforms on the ground level, and hori-
zontal circulation through the platform brigde
connection to the ferry boats etc.C
ar access can be directly on the first level in front of the m
ain entrance or from the carpark
entrance directly into the building.Pedestrian access is not interrupted by the car m
ovement and is direct through the landscape
to the main entrance. A
secondary walkw
ay through the building leads to the top of the roof and under to the side of the m
arket. This keep the public circulation separate butat the sam
e tim
e introduces tem to the building through the
overview of the large roof glass.
Offices / M
anagement / Ticketing
Circulation
ServicesO
pen Areas
Shops / FacilitiesSecurityTrain Platform
s
Parking Area
Roads
Pedestrian
Ferry Platform
Site Section A-A 1:500
Building Section A-A 1:200
1
2
3 5
97 10
7
64
88
1 - Main Entrance2 - Clerestory Window Allows Indirect Light Under Overlapping Shells3 - Information Desk4 - Ticketing Office5 - Shops and Restaurants6 - Terrace with Connecting Steps to Plaza7 - Underground Carpark with Direct Access to First Floor8 - Lifts and Services9 - Train Platforms10 - Storage and Services Utilised by Events on Plaza (Market / Concert)
The ShapeThe roof’s size and height was derived from the functions inside, re-flecting the need for higher ceiling (open/public space) in the middle and lower on the sides (offices and services). The two shells of the roof intertwined represent the two sites coming together through the building itself. The fluidity of the roof is related to the smooth movement through and across the two sites without the blockage of the rail tracks. The movement in and around the building takes into consideration the pedestrian usage of the site, linking all activities to each other.
Wall Section 1:50
Glass Detail 1:20
Wooden Structure.
Inner Shell- Fibreglass.
Elevated Steel Post.
Outer Shell- Fibreglass.
Water Entrance to Storage Tank.
Filter Mesh.
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
Rain Water Harvester.
Storage Tank.
Irrigation Pump.
Overflow to sewage.
Distrubution Outlets.
Filtration System.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Maintenance Entrance.
Scale 1:50
7
0
1
3
2
4
6 7
5