Folio Manimaran Sains 2014

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10 Most Amazing Extinct

Animals 8/25/2007

Weird Science

3,506,823 views

Tags: extinct secies

From the Quagga --half zebra, half horse-- to the Irish Deer --the largest deer

that ever lived--, an impressive list with pictures of amazing animals we will

never see.

1

Tyrannosaurus Rex (extinct 65 million

years ago)[Wiki]

Tyrannosaurus re was one of the largest land carnivores of all time,

measuring up to !"." feet long, and #$.$ ft tall, with an estimated mass that

goes up to % tons. &i'e other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal

carnivore with a massive s'ull balanced by a long, heavy tail. (elative to the

large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small and they

http://www.oddee.com/weird-science/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosaurus_rexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosaurus_rexhttp://www.oddee.com/weird-science/


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retained only two digits.

Fossils of T. re have been found in )orth *merican roc' formations dating to

the last three million years of the +retaceous eriod at the end of the

aastrichtian stage, approimately $./ to $/./ million years ago0 it was

among the last dinosaurs to eist prior to the +retaceous-Tertiary etinction

event. ore than "1 specimens of T. re have been identified, some of which

are nearly complete s'eletons. 2ome researchers have discovered soft tissue as

well. The abundance of fossil material has allowed significant research into

many aspects of its biology, including life history and biomechanics.

2

Quagga: hal !e"ra# hal horse (extinct

since 1$$%)[Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaggahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quagga


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3ne of *frica4s most famous etinct animals, the 5uagga was a subspecies of

the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in 2outh *frica4s

+ape rovince and the southern part of the 3range Free 2tate. It was

distinguished from other zebras by having the usual vivid mar's on the front

part of the body only. In the mid-section, the stripes faded and the dar', inter-

stripe spaces became wider, and the hind5uarters were a plain brown. The

name comes from a 6hoi'hoi word for zebra and is onomatopoeic, being said

to resemble the 5uagga4s call.

The 5uagga was originally classified as an individual species, 75uus 5uagga, in

#%. 3ver the net fifty years or so, many other zebras were described by

naturalists and eplorers. 8ecause of the great variation in coat patterns 9no

two zebras are ali'e:, taonomists were left with a great number of described

;species;, and no easy way to tell which of these were true species, which were

subspecies, and which were simply natural variants. &ong before this

confusion was sorted out, the 5uagga had been hunted to etinction for meat,

hides, and to preserve feed for domesticated stoc'. The last wild 5uagga was


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probably shot in the late #%1s, and the last specimen in captivity died on

*ugust #


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blamed for its etinction, but other contributory factors may have been

disease, the introduction of dogs, and human encroachment into its habitat.

Despite being officially classified as etinct, sightings are still reported.

'

tellers ea *o+: the

,eenseless "east (extinct

since 1-6$) [Wiki]

Formerly found near the *siatic coast of the 8ering 2ea, it was discovered in in

#%!# by the naturalist =eorg 2teller, who was traveling with the eplorer ?itus

8ering. The sea cow grew up to %.@ meters 9


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which its last population was eliminated, it is li'ely that the arrival of humans

in the area was the cause of its etinction elsewhere as well. There are still

sporadic reports of sea cow-li'e animals from the 8ering area and =reenland,

so it has been suggested that small populations of the animal may have

survived to the present day. This remains so far unproven.

5

.rish /eer: the largest ,eer that e0er

li0e, (extinct a"out -#- years ago) [Wiki

3hoto: (c) The 4iel, useum# *1T]

The Irish 7l' or =iant Deer, was the largest deer that ever lived. It lived in

7urasia, from Ireland to east of &a'e 8ai'al, during the &ate leistocene and

early Colocene. The latest 'nown remains of the species have been carbon

dated to about /,%11 8+, or about %,%11 years ago. The =iant Deer is famous

for its formidable size 9about


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particular for having the largest antlers of any 'nown cervid 9a maimum of

".$/ meters#< feet from tip to tip and weighing up to @1 pounds:.

Discussion of the cause of their etinction has still focused on the antlers

9rather than on their overall body size:, which may be due more to their

impact on the observer than any actual property. 2ome have suggested

hunting by man was a contributing factor in the demise of the Irish 7l' as it

was with many prehistoric megafauna, even assuming that the large antler size

restricted the movement of males through forested regions or that it was by

some other means a ;maladaptation;. 8ut evidence for overhunting is

e5uivocal, and as a continental species, it would have co-evolved with humans

throughout its eistence and presumably have adapted to their presence.

6

*as7ian Tiger: the thir, largest (extinctsince 1&-)[Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Tigerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Tiger


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The +aspian tiger or ersian tiger was the westernmost subspecies of tiger,

found in Iran, Ira5, *fghanistan, Tur'ey, ongolia, 6aza'hstan, +aucasus,

TaEi'istan, Tur'menistan and zbe'istan until it apparently became etinct in

the #@%1s. 3f all the tigers 'nown to the world, the +aspian tiger was the third

largest.

The body of this subspecies was 5uite stoc'y and elongated with strong legs,

big wide paws and unusually large claws. The ears were short and small, and

gave the appearance of being without hair on the tips. *round the chee's the

+aspian tiger was generously furred and the rest of its fur was long and thic'.

The colouration resembled that of the 8engal tiger. ale +aspian tigers were

very large and weighed #$@-

-8urochs: a 0ery large ty7e o cattle

(extinct since 162-) [Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurochshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurochs


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3ne of 7urope4s most famous etinct animals, the aurochs or urus 98os

primigenius: were a very large type of cattle. *urochs evolved in India some

two million years ago, migrated into the iddle 7ast and further into *sia,

and reached 7urope about


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$

9reat 8uk: largest o all auks (extinct

since 1$'')[Wiki]

The =reat *u' was the only species in the genus inguinus, flightless giant

au's from the *tlantic, to survive until recent times, but is etinct today. It

was also 'nown as garefowl, or penguin.

2tanding about %/ centimetres or "1-"! inches high and weighing around /

'g, the flightless =reat *u' was the largest of the au's. It had white and glossy

blac' feathers. In the past, the =reat *u' was found in great numbers on

islands off eastern +anada, =reenland, Iceland, )orway, Ireland and =reat

8ritain, but it was eventually hunted to etinction. (emains found in Floridan

middens suggest that at least occasionally, birds ventured that far south in

winter as recently as in the #!th century.

&

*a0e ion: one o the

largest lions e0er (extinct

2# years ago) [Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Aukhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Lionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Aukhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Lion


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The cave lion, also 'nown as the 7uropean or 7urasian cave lion, is an etinct

subspecies of lion 'nown from fossils and a wide variety of prehistoric art.

This subspecies was one of the largest lions. *n adult male, which was found

in #@/ near 2iegsdorf 9=ermany:, had a shoulder height of around #.< m and

a length of rm glaciation, though there are some indications it may have eisted as

recently as


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feet:, lived on fruit and nested on the ground. The dodo has been etinct since

the mid-to-late #%th century. It is commonly used as the archetype of an

etinct species because its etinction occurred during recorded human history,

and was directly attributable to human activity. The adEective phrase ;as dead

as a dodo; means undoubtedly and un5uestionably dead. The verb phrase ;to

go the way of the dodo; means to become etinct or obsolete, to fall out of

common usage or practice, or to become a

thing of the past.

1. Animals that live in groups• Man! animals live in g"o#s$ T%e! live an& %#nt 'o" 'oo& toget%e"$

• (ome animals live in small g"o#s$ )o" examle, ele%ants, ze*"as, %o"ses,

*#''aloes, lions, wolves, &ee", *eave"s, eng#ins, 'lamingoes an& *a*oons$


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A herd of elephants

• (ome animals s#c% as ants, *ees an& te"mites live in la"ge g"o#s o" colonies$

• A colon! o' ants 'o" examle ma! consist o' t%o#san&s to %#n&"e&s o' t%o#san&s o' ants

• T%e"e is st"ong cooe"ation in an ant colon! w%e"e*! eac% mem*e" %as a

seci'ic +o* to ca""! o#t$


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i T%e"e a"e ants "esonsi*le to &e'en& t%e colon! an& attac- ot%e" colonies$ T%ese

ants calle& sol&ie"s$

ii T%e"e a"e ants "esonsi*le to loo- 'o" 'oo& an& 'ee& mem*e"s o' t%e colon!$ T%e!

a"e calle& wo"-e"s$

iii T%e"e is an ant calle& t%e .#een w%ic% sen&s %e" li'e la!ing eggs$

• Animals live in g"o#s 'o" ce"tain "easons:

i) 4or 3rotection

ea- animals s#c% as 'is% an& *i"&s w%ic% a"e "e! to ot%e" animals #s#all! move in

g"o#s$ ! living in g"o#s, t%e! can "otect t%emselves e%en t%e! a"e attac-e& *!

"e&ato"s o" enemies$

ii) ooking or oo,

"e&ato"s s#c% as wolves %#nt in g"o#s$ T%e! cooe"ate to %#nt t%ei" "e!$


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iii) .n caring or the young

A g"o# #s#all! consists o' a 'ew a"ents an& man! !o#ng$ T%e a"ents

cooe"ate in ca"ing 'o" t%e !o#ng

i0) ;uil,ing shelter

eave"s *#ilt t%ei" s%elte" toget%e"$ iving in g"o#s %els animals to 'in& o"


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*#il& s%elte" easie"$

2. Animals that live in solitary• (ome animals "e'e" to live in solit#&e$

• Examles o' solita"! animals incl#&e tige"s, leoa"&s, giant an&as, eagles, ola"

*ea"s, angolins, woo&ec-e"s, o"c#ines, si&e"s an& 'oxes$


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• T%ese animals live alone most o' t%ei" time excet "ing t%e mating seasons$

The reasons animals li0e in solitu,e are:

i) To a0oi, com7etition or oo,

(ome animals nee& to sta! alone to avoi& s%a"ing t%e same 'oo& "eso#"ces$)o" examle, a giant an&a nee&s to eat a lot o' *am*oo s%oots at one time$

T%e"e'o"e, t%is animals nee&s to live alone to avoi& cometition 'o" limite& 'oo&$

ii) To a0oi, com7etition or s7ace (territory) an, mate


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(ome animals nee& a la"ge" a"ea 'o" 'in&ing a mate o" %#nting 'o" 'oo&$ T%e!

lea& a solita"! li'e in o"&e" to avoi& cometition 'o" sace an& mate$ T%ese animals

will g#a"& t%ei" te""ito"! '"om ot%e" animals$

3. Extinction of animals

1$ (ome animals %ave *ecome extinct$ T%e o&o an& &inosa#"s a"e examles o' extinctanimals$

o&o inosa#"

2$ A secies o' animals is sai& to *e extinct w%en it no longe" existsin t%is wo"l&$

3$ 4t%e" animals t%at %ave *ecome extinct a"e as 'ollows$


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A.#agga Tasmanian wol'

$ T%e animals a"e extinct *eca#se o' some 'acto"s:

a T%e change in climate or weather 'o" examle, &inosa#" a"e extinct *eca#se o'

t%e c%ange in climate on t%e Ea"t% millions o' !ea"s ago$

* T%e destruction of their habitat. T%e main ca#se o' t%e extinction o' t%e &o&o

was t%e &est"#ction o' t%e 'o"est w%ic% c#t o'' t%e &o&o 'oo& s#l!$

c Excessive hunting

T%e a.#agga, Tasmanian wol' an& %ai"! mammot% a"e examles o' animals t%at a"e

extinct *eca#se o' %#man activities s#c% as excessive %#nting$

4. Endangered animals and plants1$ To&a!, man! secies o' animals an& lants a"e 'acing t%e t%"eat o' extinction$

2$ T%ei" n#m*e"s a"e getting 'ewe" so it is 'ea"e& t%at t%e! will *e comletel! extinct

'"om t%e wo"l& in t%e nea" '#t#"e$

3$ T%ese secies o' animals an& lants a"e calle& en&ange"e& secies$

$ Examles o' en&ange"e& anamals secies a"e as 'ollows$


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%inoce"os o"n*ill

5$ T%e a''lesia, itc%e" lants an& en#s 'l!t"a a"e examles o' en&ange"e& lant secies$

a''lesia itc%e" lant

6$ Animals an& lants a"e 'acing t%e t"eat o' extinction *eca#se o'

%#man activities$ (#c% as activities incl#&e:

a illegal an& excessive logging

* illegal an& excessive %#nting c excessive &eveloment

Illegal and excessive logging

1$ T"ees a"e c#t to s#l! tim*e"$ Tim*e" is wi&el! #se& in const"#ction as well as to ma-e

'#"nit#"e an& ae"$


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2$ ogging activities *ecome a t%"eat to man! secies o' lants an& animals w%en t%e! a"e

ca""ie& o#t on a la"ge scale9excessive$

3$ llegal logging activities a"e ca""ie& o#t *! i""esonsi*le eole$ T%e! ca""! o#t logging

activities wit%o#t licences o" logging o#tsi&e license& a"ea$

$ T%ese illegal an& excessive logging activities not onl! &est"o! man! lant secies, *#t also

&est"o! t%e %a*itat o' man! animals$

5$ Excessive logging also ca#ses t%e animals to lose t%ei" 'oo& so#"ce an& it can lea& to t%e

extinction o' t%e animals$ )o" examle, giant an&as a"e 'acing t%e t%"eat o' extinction

*eca#se o' t%e &est"#ction o' t%ei" %a*itats$ T%e giant an&as onl! eat a"ts o' *am*oo t"ees$

Man! o' t%ese t"ees %ave *een c#t &own 'o" &eveloment an& ag"ic#lt#"al$

Illegal and excessive hunting

1$ Most animals li-e tige"s, ele%ants, *l#e w%ales an& "%inoce"oses a"e 'acing t%e t%"eat o'

extinction *eca#se t%e! a"e *eing %#nte& *! %#mans$

2$ T%ese animals a"e %#nte& &own 'o" 'oo&, so"t an& to get t%ei" val#a*le a"ts$

3$ Excessive %#nting can g"eatl! "ece t%e n#m*e" o' t%ese animals

an& ma! lea& to extinction$

Excessive development

1$ As t%e wo"l&;s o#lation inc"eases, t%e"e is mo"e &eman& 'o" 'oo& s#lies, s%elte" an&

ot%e" *asic nee&s$

2$ To '#l'il t%ese &eman&s, t%e"e is an inc"ease in %#man activities s#c% as ag"ic#lt#"e an&

&eveloment$

3$ )o"ests a"e clea"e& excessivel! 'o" 'a"ming, to *#il& %o#ses, 'acto"ies, %ig%wa! an& ot%e"

&eveloment "o+ects$

$ e'o"estation e to excessive &eveloment *ecomes a t%"eat to man! secies o' animalsan& lants$ )o" examles, man! wil& animals lose t%ei" %a*itats$ T%e! %ave to 'in& new %a*itat

elsew%e"e$ it%o#t a lace to live, no animal can s#"vive$


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5. Ways to prevent animals and plants from

ecoming extinct1$ e s%o#l& conse"ve en&ange"e& secies o' animals an& lants to "event t%em '"om

*ecoming extinct$

2$ (ome o' t%e wa!s to conse"ve en&ange"e& secies a"e as 'ollows:

a) creating 7rotecte, area

#tan e%a*ilitation


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"octs ma&e '"om an! a"ts o' en&ange"e& animals$

h) enorcing the la+ an, regulations

)o" examle, t%e =ational )o"est"! Act to "event illegal logging activities an&

t%e il&li'e "otection Act to "event illegal %#nting$

!. "ompetition among plants

1$ lants nee& wate", ca"*on &ioxi&e9'"om ai" an& s#nlig%t to ma-e 'oo&$

2$ lants also nee& n#t"ient '"om %ealt%! g"owt%$

3$ lants get wate" an& n#t"ient '"om t%e soil$

$ ' t%e"e a"e too man! lants g"owing in t%e same lace, t%e lace will *e ove"c"oe&e&

an& t%e "eso#"ces *ecome limite&$

5$ T%e lants will comete to get eno#g% s#nlig%t, wate", n#t"ient an& sace$

a )o" examle, w%en t%e"e a"e too man! see&lings lante& in a ot, t%e! will

comete

comete to get eno#g% sace, wate", s#nlig%t an& n#t"ient to g"ow$

* T%is will "es#lt in #n%ealt%! g"owt%$

6$ lants in t%e "ain'o"est %ave &i''e"ent %eig%ts *eca#se t%e! "eceive &i''e"ent amo#nts

o' s#nlig%t, sace, wate" an& n#t"ient$

7$ T%e lants 'ace st"ong cometition to get s#nlig%t, sace, wate" an& n#t"ient$


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s#nlig%t,wate",n#t"ient an& sace %as "es#lte& in t"ees o' &i''e"ent %eig%ts

8$ n a cometition, lants w%ic% a"e st"onge" will win$ T%e lants will g"ow *ette" an&

%ealt%ie"$ ea-e" lants will %ave st#nte& g"owt%, wilte& an& event#all! &ie$

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