revised edition

1

4ESO

page

AcrossAndalusia 2

History–WhoWeretheTartessians? 4

Geography–SandandSea 5

Nature–CabodeGata-Nijar 6

Trivia·TimetoTalk 7

Environment–SierradeGrazalemaPark 8

Technology–LaMayoraExperimentalStation 9

Sports–SportsonHoliday 10

Trivia·TimetoTalk 11

Culture–It’sCarnivalTime! 12

Art,MusicandDance–TheMaidsofHonour 13

LiteratureandFolklore–Cosmopoética 14

Trivia·TimetoTalk 15

Contents

focus onAndAlusiA

1

B Burlington Books

PORT

UGAL

2

A

E

F

Birthplace of Huelva

Antonio de Torres Jurado (1817 – 1892)

Often called the Stradivarius of guitar makers, this Spanish

guitarist and guitar-maker created guitars that established the design and construction of

the modern classical guitar.

Sara Baras (1971 – present)

She began dancing at the age of eight at her mother’s dance school and went on to become

a prize-winning flamenco dancer and choreographer.

Joaquín Sabina (1949 – present)

Sometimes referred to as the Bob Dylan of the Spanish-

speaking world, he is a singer, songwriter and poet who has made more than 20 albums.

Vicente Yáñez Pinzón (1460 – c. 1524)

One of three sailor-explorer brothers who sailed to the

New World with Christopher Columbus. He was captain of the Niña, his brother, Martín, captained the Pinta, and their

brother, Francisco, was pilot on the Niña.

SevilleBirthplace of

CordobaBirthplace of

Malaga

Birthplace of

CadizBirthplace of

aCross andalusia

Read about the people below. How many can you match to the province where they were born?

B

SPAIN

mediterranean sea

3

C

G

H

aCross andalusia

Ibn Rushd, also known as Averroes (1126 – 1198)

A master of Islamic philosophy, theology and law, and an

expert in physics, medicine, mathematics and astronomy,

this polymath is considered to be one of the most important of

the Islamic philosophers.

Federico García Lorca (1898 – 1936)

The most well-known modern poet in Spain, he is considered

by many to be the most important Spanish poet and

dramatist of the 20th century.

Diego Velázquez (1599 – 1660)

He studied painting in Seville, and in 1623, he went to Madrid

where he painted portraits for the royal court of Philip IV. A master of composition, light, colour and

space, he is considered one of the greatest painters who ever lived.

Pablo Picasso (1881 – 1973)

Considered one of the giants of Western art and probably the

most influential, dominant artist of the 20th century. He was best

known as a painter, but also produced drawings, sculpture

and ceramics.

JaenBirthplace of

GranadaBirthplace of Almeria

Birthplace of

D

The writer Miguel Romero

Esteo, from Montoro in Cordoba,

wrote a play called Tartessos.

It is about the ancient history of

Andalusia.

Across andalusia

history

4

1 Read the text.

About three thousand years ago, the Tartessians, an ancient people, lived in and around the city of Tartessos. The Tartessians had their own culture, language, money and music.

There was a large harbour at Tartessos and ships from many countries stopped there. The Tartessians bought and sold expensive metals – tin, gold and bronze – and became important traders. They traded with the Phoenicians and other rich people and some of their ships even travelled to Ancient Britain and Ireland.

In the 6th century BC (about 2,500 years ago) the city of Tartessos disappeared. Nobody knows why. Some people think tsunamis covered the city. Others say the Carthaginians, traders from Africa, destroyed it. For thousands of years, nobody knew what happened to Tartessos or even where Tartessos was – the city was lost!

Then, in 1958, archeologists discovered a lot of gold at Carambolo, 3 km west of Seville. They found more gold and other items at La Joya, in the province of Huelva. These items are from the 6th century BC and the archeologists believe they are from the lost city of Tartessos. Today, these items are in the Archeological Museum in Seville for everybody to see. So, have the archeologists discovered the location of the lost city? Maybe one day we’ll find out.

2 True or False? Which words in the text gave you the answer?

1. The Tartessians spoke the same language as the Phoenicians.

2. Tartessos was near the sea.

3. The Phoenicians lived in Tartessos.

4. The city of Tartessos disappeared 600 years ago.

5. The Carthaginians were from Ancient Britain.

6. Gold was discovered near Seville.

Who were the Tartessians?

harbour /'kEVL/ puerto tin /WBm/ estaño trader /'WpCBXL/ comerciante

geography

5

1 Read the travel brochure.

2 Answer the questions.

1. Which forms of transport are mentioned in connection to Marbella?

2. In which town is there an old town hall?

3. Where does the brochure suggest people go to relax?

4. Which three activities can you do in Tarifa?

5. Which place in the brochure is near the Atlantic Ocean?

Come to sunny Andalusia for the holiday of a lifetime!

With nearly 1,000 km of coastline and 300 days of sun each year, there’s something for everybody in Andalusia. Where to go? The choice is yours!

Do you want to meet new people when you’re on holiday? Do you like holiday entertainment – luxurious hotels, shops and concerts? If so, then Marbella on the Costa del Sol is the place for you! Go for a ride in a horse and carriage in La Alameda Park, or maybe go on a boat ride. For more culture, look at the art galleries and the 16th century town hall in historic Orange Square. The old, narrow streets around the square give a feeling of the past, but have also got modern clubs and cafés.

For a quiet day at the beach, far away from the pressures of work or school, go to the Mare Nostrum beach near Fuengirola next to the Mediterranean Sea. There’ll just be you and the 3 S’s – Sand, Sea and Sun.

Ride the waves at Tarifa on the “Coast of Light” (Costa de la Luz). Facing the Atlantic Ocean, it’s got ten kilometres of white, sandy beaches and some of the best windsurfing conditions in Europe! Tarifa is also a great place for other activities, for example, bird watching and rock-climbing. The scenery is amazing too. Look south past the Strait of Gibraltar and on a fine day you can see the Rif mountains of Africa across the water.

The “Blue Flag” award

is an international award

given to beaches and marinas for

the high quality of their facilities

and environment. Spain has got more

blue flag beaches than anywhere in the

world, including 97 in Andalusia.

Across andalusia

SAND AND SEA

coastline /'YNgWoOm/ costa, litoral carriage /'YDpBb/ carruaje wave /rMd/ ola

Part of El Estrecho Nature

Reserve in Cadiz is also by the

sea. The strong east and west

winds here make it a perfect site for

windsurfing. In addition, more than

300 million migrating birds fly over

the park every year.

Across andalusia

nature

6

1 Read the blog.

2 Answer the questions.

1. Who is Dylan on holiday with?

2. Where does Dylan sleep?

3. Why is the landscape strange?

4. Which animals did Dylan see?

5. What did Dylan do on Tuesday?

6. Why didn’t Dylan have any photos of the water plants?

Monday 2nd AugustI’m on holiday with my family in the Cabo de Gata-Nijar Nature Reserve. The park is in the Province of Almeria and it’s huge – about 460 square kilometres. We’re staying at the Cabo de Gata Camping Site. Our “hotel” is a tent, but it’s Ok. Actually, it’s a lot of fun sleeping in a tent and there are showers and restaurants on the camping site. Sometimes we make our food on the barbecue and eat near our tent and sometimes we go to a restaurant. I prefer making food on the barbecue.

The landscape here is very strange, with volcanic rocks and salt flats. There are also many different plants, birds and animals here. Today we saw some pink flamingos and wild pigs!

I’m attaching some photos.

Dylan

Tuesday 3rd AugustToday was fantastic! Part of the Cabo de Gata-Nijar Nature Reserve is in the sea, so today we went diving. The sea here is warm and clean all year round and we had a wonderful time looking at the brightly coloured fish and water plants. They were amazing. I saw some starfish and an octopus too. I wish I had some photographs, but I couldn’t take my camera under the water. Never mind! Here’s a photo of my brother in his diving gear.

Dylan

Dylan’s Holiday in Cabo de Gata-Nijar

salt flats /'gGoW coæWg/ salina, mina de sal dive /XOd/ bucear octopus /'FYWLULg/ pulpo

7

2 Replace the words in bold in the dialogue above with words of your own. Practise the new dialogue with a partner.

1 Complete the dialogue between two friends. Use the sentences or phrases below. Then practise the dialogue.

IfIwereyou•WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo•youshould•Youcould•Thanksfortheadvice!

Time to Talk

Ann: (1) ... when I’m in Almeria on holiday next week?

Ann: Should I rent a bike to get there?

Katie: (2) ... , I’d definitely go to Cabo de Gata-Nijar.

Katie: (3) ... rent a bike, but in my opinion, (4) ... take a bus.

Ann: (5) ...

Katie: You’rewelcome.

Trivia

nature 5. Youcan’tstayatCabodeGata-Nijar.

a. True b. False

6. YoucanseesaltflatsatCabodeGata-Nijar.

a. True b. False

geography3. How long is the coastline in Andalusia?

4. What other continent can you see from Tarifa?

Do the trivia quiz.

history 1. Tartessos bought and sold …. . a. ships c. museums b. gold

2. Tartessos disappeared …. . a. in 1958 c. in the 6th century BC b. three thousand years ago

??????????

8

1 Read the following questions. Do you know any of the answers?

Sierra de Grazalema Park a. Which was the first biosphere reserve in Andalusia?

b. What is a biosphere reserve?

c. How many biosphere reserves are there in Andalusia?

d. What can you see in the Sierra de Grazalema Park?

e. Do people live in a biosphere?

f. What is the weather like in Sierra de Grazalema?

2 Now match the questions above to the answers.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)1 Q. What is a biosphere reserve?

A. There are some beautiful and unique places in the world, but many of them are in danger. A biosphere reserve helps to protect the special plants, animals and geographical features in a particular area.

2 Q.

A. There are about twenty biosphere reserves in Spain and eight of them are in Andalusia.

3 Q.

A. The Sierra de Grazalema Park in the Province of Cadiz was the first Nature Reserve in Andalusia. It became a UNESCO* biosphere reserve in 1977.

4 Q.

A. It is the wettest place in Spain. About 2,200 mm of rain falls there every year. Because of this, the vegetation in the area grows well.

5 Q.

A. You can see amazing limestone cliffs, caves and gorges. You can also see many different types of wild animals and birds. Many of the plants here don’t grow in any other place and the unique ecosystem includes Spanish fir forests and groups of black vultures.

6 Q.

A. Yes, there can be towns and villages in a biosphere and the people living in a biosphere learn to protect the

area. In the Sierra de Grazalema Park there are some beautiful villages, such as

Grazalema, Cortes de la Frontera and El Bosque.

* UNESCO= United Nations

Educational, Scientific and

Cultural Organization

frequentlyaskedquestions.com

environment

limestone /'oOlgWNm/ (piedra) caliza gorge /ZGb/ desfiladero, cañón vulture /'dJoWiL/ buitre

In 2002, Las Dehesas de

Sierra Morena in the provinces

of Huelva, Seville and Cordoba

became a UNESCO biosphere

reserve. In 2006, La Reserva de la

Biosfera Intercontinental del

Mediterráneo in the provinces of

Cadiz and Malaga also became a

UNESCO biosphere reserve.

Across andalusia

teChnology

9

1 Read the text.

La Mayora Experimental Station

2 Answer the questions.

1. According to the text, what do scientists want to discover?

2. What is La Mayora?

3. What is grown at La Mayora?

4. How do the scientists make a new type of plant?

5. Where are the fruit and vegetables sold?

6. What makes the crops grow successfully at La Mayora?

Researchers at the

University of Seville found a

possible new source of food in

wild plants from the Andalusian

mountains. The researchers

discovered high levels of protein in

six species of the lupin plant.

Across andalusia

La Mayora isn’t only for research. The station also grows a lot of crops to sell in Spain and abroad. The station’s methods and technology, together with the subtropical climate in the area, ensure that the crops grow successfully. That’s why Andalusia is famous for its tasty fruit and vegetables.

Why are some melons delicious and sweet and others dry, with no taste? Why do some tomatoes stay hard and red for a week, but others go soft and mouldy in a day or two? Shopkeepers and cooks all over the world ask these questions. Farmers and scientists ask these questions too. They, of course, want to discover how to grow the best and healthiest crops possible. And often the answers come from La Mayora Experimental Station in Andalusia.

La Mayora is in Algarrobo-Costa near Malaga and it opened in 1968. It’s an agricultural research station, so there are many facilities for growing fruit and vegetables. Scientists at La Mayora combine traditional methods of growing plants with modern technology. They study different types of plants and decide which soil and water each plant needs to produce the best results. Sometimes they even combine two different plants together to make a new type of plant!

mouldy /'lNoXi/ mohoso/a, enmohecido/a crop /YpFU/ cosecha facilities /cL'gBoLWih/ instalaciones

The good weather and great

sports facilities make Andalusia

the ideal place for many sports.

Kitesurfing, surfing, kayaking and

mountain biking are all popular sports

in Andalusia.

Across andalusia

sports

10

1 Read the postcards.

2 Complete the sentences according to the texts.

1. Some areas of the Sierra Nevada are higher than ... .

2. The Sierra Nevada isn’t far from ... .

3. The workers on the Sierra Nevada can make snow with ... .

4. Riofrio is popular for ... .

5. Yesterday,Stevecaughtandate....

6. Steve is practising his Spanish because ... .

22nd DecemberDear All! I’m having a great time here in the Sierra Nevada. I’m skiing and enjoying the amazing mountain views. The Sierra Nevada is very high - there are more than 20 peaks over 3,000 metres - so the skiing is great and there are often international skiing and snowboarding competitions. Although we are in the mountains, it’s not too cold. In fact, it is very sunny and the sky is blue. That’s because we’re in the south of Spain, near the Mediterranean. Sometimes, there isn’t enough snow for good skiing. Then, the park workers actually MAKE snow! They’ve got 350 snow cannons to do this. Can you believe it?

Happy Christmas to everybody at home.

Love, Zoe

sports on holiday!

6th JulyHi Andy!Greetings from Riofrio! I’m having an amazing holiday here and I’m doing my favourite activity – fishing! Riofrio is a small village between Malaga and Granada. It’s a beautiful area and there are plenty of fish to catch. In fact, Riofrio is famous for trout and sturgeon and it has been a popular place for fishing for more than 300 years. Yes, people caught fish in Riofrio as long ago as 1664!

Yesterday was a “first” for me - I caught two large fish and actually ate them for my dinner! There aren’t many British tourists here, so I’m practising my Spanish too. See you soon!Your friend,Steve

cannon /'YæmLm/ cañón trout /WpPW/ trucha sturgeon /'gWKbLm/ esturión

2 Replace the words in bold in the dialogue above with words of your own. Practise the new dialogue with a partner.

1 Complete the dialogue between an English tourist and a clerk at a tourist desk in Granada. Use the sentences or phrases below. Then practise the dialogue.

howmucharethey?•whattimeisthefirstlesson?•I’dlikesomeinformationabout What would you like to know?

environment

1. The Sierra de Grazalema Park became a UNESCO reserve in ... .

2. Plants and trees grow well in Sierra de Grazalema because ... .

sports

5. There are international competitions on the Sierra Nevada.

a. True b. False

6. People started fishing near Riofrio recently.

a. True b. False

teChnology

3. Where is La Mayora Experimental Station?

4. How do the scientists make sure they get the best results from the plants?

Clerk: Certainly. (2) ...

Tourist: Hello, (1) ... skiing lessons.

Tourist: Well, (3) ...

Clerk: At 10 am.

Tourist: And (4) ...

Clerk: They’re 37 euros an hour, sir.

Tourist: Thanks for your help.

Time to Talk

11

TriviaDo the trivia quiz.

Culture

12

1 Read the article.

IT’S CARNIVAL TIME!

2 True or False? Which words in the text gave you the answer?

1. The Notting Hill Carnival is in Brazil.

2. The Cadiz Carnival began 100 years ago.

3. The people of Cadiz copied the people of Venice.

4. The Cadiz Carnival is for one day.

5. There is entertainment for children.

6. Youcanonlyseethefireworksonce.

Come to the Cadiz CarnivalTen days of music and fun

At most carnivals, a carnival

king and queen are chosen

every year. But in Cordoba it’s

different – they choose a sultan

and a sultana.

Across andalusia

London has got the Notting Hill Carnival, Brazil has got the Rio de Janeiro Carnival and in Andalusia ... there’s the Cadiz Carnival!

The Cadiz Carnival began in the 17th century. Traders from Cadiz travelled to Venice, and when they returned, they told stories about the wonderful carnival in Italy. In Cadiz, they decided, “If the Venetians can have a carnival, we can have one too!”

The Cadiz Carnival is one of the most exciting carnivals in Spain. It takes place once a year around Ash Wednesday and lasts for about 10 days. It’s always great fun!

Fireworks There are two firework displays at the Castle of Saint Sebastian and in the Castle of Saint Catalina during the Carnival.

MusicListen to special groups sing humorous songs about famous people.Enjoy the choirs! They often perform classical or modern songs in open carts. Their costumes will amaze you!

Theatre Come and watch the puppet theatre performances. Children of all ages will enjoy them!

CostumeParadesDon’t miss the colourful parades in the street. Wear a costume and join in the singing and dancing.

cart /YEW/ carro, carroza puppet /'UJUBW/ marioneta, títerefireworks /'cOLrKYg/ fuegos artificiales

art, musiC and danCe

13

1 Read the article. 1 Read the text.

The Maids of HonourThe Andalusian artist Diego Velázquez (1599-1660) is one of Spain’s most famous painters. He was born in Seville and moved to Madrid to become the royal painter in 1624. He was very successful and painted many pictures of the Royal Family and other important people. He also travelled to Italy and while he was there, he painted a picture of Pope Innocent X in 1650.

Some people think that The Maids of Honour, which Velázquez painted in 1656, is one of the most important paintings in the world. At the time, most royal paintings were formal. The people in the paintings wore magnificent clothes and “posed” for the artist. They either sat or stood while the artist was painting them. But for this particular painting, Velázquez used a different style. For example, the king and queen of Spain appear in this painting. Where do you think they are? Is the king standing near the door? Is the queen behind one of the maids? No! They’re in the picture on the wall. And is that really a picture on the wall? Some people think it’s a mirror and the king and queen are looking at the picture – like we are. And who is the man on the left? It is, in fact, Velázquez – he painted himself into the picture.

It’s amazing to think that 350 years after Velázquez painted this picture, people around the world are still discussing it!

Alonso Cano from

Granada was another

well-known 17th-century

painter. Cano (1601-1667) had

the same teacher as Velázquez

and was also an architect and

sculptor.

Across andalusia

2 Answer the questions.

1. When was Velázquez born?

2. Why did Velázquez move to Madrid?

3. What did Velázquez do while he was in Italy?

4. How were royal paintings usually painted at that time?

5. Where are the king and queen in the picture?

royal /'pQLo/ real maids of honour /lCBXg Ld 'FmL/

meninas, damas de honor pose /UNh/ posar

Granada became a UNESCO

City of Literature in December

2014. Cities of literature must have

a rich literary past and present.

They must also have excellent

educational and cultural programmes

focusing on literature.

Across andalusia

literature and FolK lore

14

1 Read the Internet page.

2 Complete the sentences according to the text.

1. In the past, girls received ... from their boyfriends.

2. Short messages haven’t usually got ... or ... .

3. According to Manuel Pérez, now poetry isn’t ... .

4. The first Cosmopoética Festival was in ... .

5. At the festival, the performers combine poetry with ... .

HIGHLIGHTS OFcosmopoética

Have Your Say

• Thanks for the entertainment! I really enjoyed the poetry reading! Joanna

• To the poets of Cordoba - well done! Micky

In the past, poetry was very popular. Families read poetry aloud at home in the evenings and young men wrote love poems to their girlfriends. People enjoyed listening to the beautiful rhythm of words in poems. In today’s world, however, messages are short and quick. When using SMS, e-mail or Twitter, there’s no space for the interesting adjectives and metaphors used in poetry.

The Cosmopoética Festival in Cordoba is bringing back the nearly forgotten art of poetry. Manuel Pérez, the director of the festival, says, “It (Poetry) is no longer hidden away … Poetry is reaching places it never did before.” The festival began in 2004 and it’s already a great success. During the festival, famous poets, actors and singers perform all over the city and bring poetry into the everyday lives of the people of Cordoba and its visitors. For more than a month, poetry is the focus and it is combined with other forms of art – for example, theatre, music and flamenco. Some of the more interesting things to see during the festival are: • Forest of Poems – a forest created from cardboard, with a poem on

every leaf. • Sweet verses – a selection of cakes inspired by poems.• A human poem – a poem made of people.

As Pérez says, “It is more than just a poetry festival, it is a cultural festival.”

cosmopoética

aloud /L'oPX/ en voz alta bring back /VpBn 'VDY/ recuperar reach /pAa/ llegar a, alcanzar

Trivia

15

2 Replace the words in bold with words of your own. Then practise the new dialogue with your partner.

1 Complete the dialogue between Bob and his sister Jane. Use the phrases below. Then practise the dialogue.

inmyopinion•Idon’tagree!•Actually•Isupposeyou’reright•Wouldyoulike

Bob: What are you doing today, Jane?

Bob: No,thanks.Itsoundsreallyboring!

Jane: I’m going to see the Cadiz Carnival. (1) ... to come?

Jane: (2) ... It sounds like fun to me.

Bob: Well, (3) ... , only classical music lovers go to that carnival.

Jane: (4) ...,you’rewrong!Comeon,there’snothingelsetodotoday!

Bob: (5) ... . So, what time are we leaving?

Time to Talk

Culture 1. In the 17th century, traders from Cadiz

travelled to Italy.

a. True b. False

2. At the Cadiz Carnival, there is only entertainment during the day.

a. True b. False

literature and FolKlore 5. Which forms of art are combined with poetry

at Cosmopoética?

6. How long does the festival last?

art, musiC and danCe3. Velázquez moved to …. in 1624.

a. Italy b. Madrid c. Seville

4. In the picture on page 13, Velázquez is …. .

a. the man on the left b. in the picture on the wall c. standing near the door

Do the trivia quiz.

The publisher gratefully acknowledges the following for providing photographs:Ayuntamiento de Cádiz: page 12 (individual and cart photos); carmen sedano / Alamy Stock Photo: page 12 (group with drums); City Image / Alamy Stock Photo: page 5 (Fuengirola beach); comstock.com: page 13 (railing); Cosmopoética: page 14 (forest of poems – photographer Lola Araque, artist Mara de Miguel), (human poem – Lola Araque); GL Archive / Alamy Stock Photo: page 3 (Diego Velázquez); Kean Collection/Hulton Archive/Getty Images: page 3 (Ibn Rushd); Ken Welsh / Alamy Stock Photo: page 10 (Riofrio); La Mayora Experimental Station: page 9: Lisa Maree Williams/Getty Images: page 2 (Sara Baras); Miriam Reik / Alamy Stock Photo: page 12 (singing group); Fraga da Silva: Campo Arqueologico de Tavira, http://www.arkeotavira.com: page 4 (map); Peter M. Wilson / Alamy Stock Photo: pages 1 and 15 (Carnival); Quim Llenas/Cover/Getty Images: page 2 (Joaquín Sabina); Rene Dazy / Bridgeman Images: page 3 (Federico García Lorca); Shutterstock, Inc.: pages 2 (map), 3 (map), 5 (Tarifa, Marbella); 6, 7, 8, 10 (Sierra Nevada), 11 (tourist desk), 15 (couple); Tony Vaccaro/Getty Images: pages 1 and 3 (Pablo Picasso); visipix.com: page 13 (The Maids of Honour); Wikimedia Commons: page 2 (Antonio de Torres Jurado); Wikipedia: pages 2 (Vicente Yáñez Pinzón), 4 (Tartessian crafts).

B Burlington Books IH-0

14-5

11