FOCUS OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH IN ANGRAU

FOCUS OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH IN ANGRAU

Dr. D. Raji ReddyPrincipal Scientist (Agrometeorology)

Agrometeorology Cell, Agricultural Research Institute

Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 30

Nalgonda

Mahabubnagar

Ranga Reddy

Medak

Warangal

40 0 40 KilometersDistricts

MahabubnagarMedakNalgondaRanga ReddyWarangal

N

South Telangana agro-climatic zone

AGRO CLIMATIC ZONES OF THE STATE

Region

Southwest monsoon

Northeast monsoon

Total (mm)mm % mm %

North Telangana 825 82 113 11 1004

South Telangana 580 75 127 17 774

South Coastal A.P. 482 51 378 39 948

North Coastal A.P. 702 64 269 24 1104

Rayalaseema 394 57 229 32 702

Andhra Pradesh 621 67 216 23 923

Seasonal rainfall distribution in different regions of Andhra Pradesh (1960 to 2007)

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

Rai

nfal

l (m

m)

Annual rainfall (mm) trend in Andhra Pradesh

Trend line

Mean Rainfall

0

50

100

150

200

250

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07

PD

(m

m)

Rayalaseema

0

50

100

150

200

250

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07

PD

(m

m)

North Telangana

0

50

100

150

200

250

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07

PD

(m

m)

South Telangana

0

50

100

150

200

250

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07

PD

(m

m)

South Coastal A.P

0

50

100

150

200

250

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07

PD

(m

m)

North Coastal

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT

1968-87 1988-07P

D (

mm

)Andhra Pradesh

Dependable rainfall (mm) in different regions of Andhra Pradesh

Rainfall (mm) departure of Telangana region during last decade (1998-07) over the mean of three decades (1968-97)

-17

-48

-73-63

-146

-117

-63

-180-200

-180

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

ADB NZB KRM WGL KMM MDK NLG MHB HYD

Rai

nfa

ll d

epar

ture

(m

m)

Districts

Climatic Water balance at Rajendranagar

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Week No.

Rajendranagar Rainfall Rajendranagar PET

Climatic Water balance at Rudrur

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Week No.

Rudrur Rainfall Rudrur PET

Relationship between September rainfall and grain yield

of Maize in Medak district

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

Year

Yie

ld (

kg/h

a)

0

50

100

150

200

250

Rai

nfa

ll (

mm

)

Rainfall Yield

Correlation coefficients between the rainfall predicted by different models and observed

ECHAM COLA CCM NCEP GSCF

June -0.204 -0.488 -0.297 -0.063 0.029

July 0.039 0.168 0.121 -0.019 -0.087

Aug 0.446 0.345 -0.196 0.132 -0.049

Sept 0.281 0.273 0.215 0.122 0.127

Oct 0.182 0.232 0.006 0.084 0.366

Jun-Jul -0.359 -0.063 0.030 -0.030 -0.017

Jul-Aug 0.494 0.435 -0.070 0.127 -0.002

Aug-Sept 0.589 0.466 0.152 0.244 0.159

Jun-Jul-Aug 0.425 0.351 -0.060 0.123 0.015

Jul-Aug-Sept 0.605 0.528 0.191 0.203 0.148

Jun-Jul-Aug-Sept 0.569 0.470 0.236 0.188 0.163

Whole Year 0.552 0.363 -0.030 0.179 0.127

Maize: Comparison of the grain yield of maize cv. Proagro simulated by the model with the hindcast and observed weather data.

Maize cv. Proagro

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Years

Yie

ld (

kg/h

a)

CCMCOLAECHAMGFCSNCEPOBSERVED

Effect of drymatter at heading and solar radiation during ripening on grain yield of rice

456789

10

250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750

Productivity index (Wo*SR)

Grain yield (t/ha)Y=1.26+0.0123X

r=0.8271

Relationship between WRSI and pod yield of groundnut

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

80 85 90 95 100

Water Requirement Satisfaction Index

Po

d y

ield

(kg

/ha)

Y=-6400+83 X (R2=0.84)

Rainfall Deviation for the week ending 11.06.2008

Adilabad

KarimnagarNizamabad

Medak

Ranga ReddyNalgonda

Warangal

Khammam

East Godavari

Visakhapatnam

VizianagaramSrikakulam

West Godavari

KrishnaGuntur

Prakasam

Mahabubnagar

Kurnool

KadapaSPS Nellore

Anantapur

Chittoor

200 0 200 Kilometers

Rainfall TrendNo RainScantyDeficitNormalExcess

N

EW

S

Rainfall Deviation for the week ending 16.07.2008

Adilabad

KarimnagarNizamabad

Medak

Ranga ReddyNalgonda

Warangal

KhammamEast Godavari

Visakhapatnam

VizianagaramSrikakulam

West Godavari

KrishnaGuntur

Prakasam

Mahabubnagar

Kurnool

KadapaSPS Nellore

Anantapur

Chittoor

200 0 200 400 Kilometers

Rainfall TrendNo RainScantyDeficitNormalExcess

N

EW

S

406.7

605.0

318.2

557.5

296.5

580.0

208.1

562.5

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

Wat

er (

mm

)

June 16th June 26th July 7th July 18th

Irrigation water (mm)

Effective rainfall (mm)4.97 t ha-1

4.88 t ha-1 4.82 t ha-1

4.11 t ha-1

Relationship between total water received and grain yield of

Aerobic rice in different dates of sowing

Comparative grain yield (t/ha) of MTU-1010 simulated by CERES rice and WOFOST under different dates of planting at RARS,

Jagtial

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

D1 D2 D3

In-se ason and e nd se ason yie ld pre dicte d by C E R ES and harv e ste d yie ld at R AR S, Jagtial during kharif,

2008

25-S e p Ha rve st Actua l

Yie

ld (

Kg

/ h

a)

Cotton

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Fertiliser applied (kg N/ha)

Lin

t (k

g/h

a)

Bairanpally Srirangapur

Cotton 60N

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

Bale

s o

f lin

t /h

a


Cotton 140N

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

Bale

s o

f lin

t /h

a


Cotton 200N

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

Bale

s o

f lin

t /h

a


Simulated grain yield (t/ha) of rice under different climate change scenarios






Changes in temperature(0C) and CO2 at

different levelSimulated grain yield

(kgha-1) % Change from Normal

450 ppm Early Timely Late Early Timely Late

1 4136 4717 5207 -12 -12 -9

Normal 4695 5360 5727 0 0 0

-1 5390 6302 6230 15 18 9

600 ppm Early Timely Late Early Timely Late

1 4572 5185 5606 -12 -11 3

Normal 5169 5826 5449 0 0 0

-1 5866 6512 6463 13 12 19

Combined effect of changes in temperature and CO2 levels on grain yield of Rabi jowar

Trend in maximum temperature at Rajendranagar from 1965-2004

31.0

31.5

32.0

32.5

33.0

33.5

1965

1967

1969

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

Year

Max

imum

tem

pera

ture

(O

C)

Trend in minimum temperature at Rajendranagar from 1965-2004

17.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

21.0

1965

1967

1969

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

Year

Min

imum

tem

pera

ture

(O

C)

Heat wave - 2003

Case study in Andhra Pradesh

Max.Temp (Deg C)< 3838-4040-4242-4444-4646-48> 48

27-05-2003 28-05-2003 29-05-2003

30-05-2003 31-05-2003

Maximum temperature distribution during severe heat wave conditions of 2003 in A.P.

Heat Wave (2003) - Damage to Mango Orchard

Custard Apple is tolerant to High temperatures

Fig 4. BPH populations in September (1993-2006) predicted using cummulative August Rainfall

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Sept_BPH

SEP BPH PRED

Fig 3. Cummulative August rainfall and Light trap populations of BPH in September at Maruteru (1993-2006)

99.3114

184 186.8

85.3

432.7

192.5

362

130.1

176.8

95

133.5

196.3 192.4

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Cu

mm

ula

tiv

e R

ain

fall (

mm

) o

f A

ug

us

t

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

Cu

mm

ula

tiv

e L

T p

op

ula

tio

n o

f S

ep

tem

be

r

Aug_RF

Sept_BPH

2001 and 2004 BPH less despite 130mm: 3rd and 4th weeks of August - both years rainfall less, SSH more.

Relationship between incidence of mango hopper(Amritodus atkinsoni) and mean

maximum temperature

Y = 49.8 -1.4354x

R2 = 0.7384

-4-202468

1012141618

20 25 30 35 40

Mean maximum temperature(0c)

Mea

n N

o.o

f h

op

per

son

tru

nk

in 3

0cm

are

a

Regression model for mango leaf webber (Orthaga euadrusalis) and mango hopper (Amritodus atkinsoni)

Pest Regression equation R2

Mango leaf webber Y = 4.45 – 1.714 X1 + 0.418 X2 0.76

Y = Number of leaf webs/tree X1 = Mean minimum temperature (oC) recorded

during the preceding week of observation X2 = Mean forenoon relative humidity (%)recorded

during the preceding week of observation Mango hopper Y = 31.690 – 1.025 X1 + 0.1096 X2 0.84

Y = Number of hoppers on trunk in thirty square centimeter area X1 =Mean maximum temperature (oC) recorded

during the preceding week of observation. X2 = Mean relative humidity afternoon (%) recorded

during the preceding week of observation

Weather based agro-advisories

WEATHER BASED AGRO-ADVISORIES

Websiteagromet.ap.nic.in

Chief Sec.

Farmer

AAS bulletin dissemination

Print & Electronic

media

AAS Bulletin

Agril.Minister Agril.Sec.C & DA

JDAs

AOs

Univ. officers

Agromet website

AEOs

Agrometeorological Advisory* Services in

ANGRAU

AAS Unit Districts

Agromet – Cell Ranga Reddy, Medak Rajendranagar Mahabubnagar&Nalgonda

RARS, Jagtial Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam, Adilabad & Nizamabad

RARS, Anakapalle Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam

RARS, Chintapalli High altitude &Tribal areas

RARS, Lam Guntur, Krishna, Prakasam, East & West Godavari

RARS, Tirupati Chittoor, S.P.S. Nellore and Kadapa

A.R.S, Anantapur Anantapur and Kurnool

*Issued on every Tuesday and Friday valid for next 4 days

FOCUS OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH IN ANGRAU

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