Focus group discussion on national railways master plan, jakarta, 6 may 2010
-
Upload
indonesia-infrastructure-initiative -
Category
Business
-
view
2.194 -
download
0
Transcript of Focus group discussion on national railways master plan, jakarta, 6 may 2010
6 May 2010
National Railway Master Plan Focus Group Developing Rail Freight Services on Java:
What is Recommended for the Railway Master Plan?
Page 2
Objectives of the National Railways Master Plan
• Rapidly expand railway capacity to meet
Indonesia’s growing passenger and freight transport
needs.
• Implement railway structural reforms, including– increasing role of sub-national railway operations – increasing separation of infrastructure and above
rail operations.
• To – encourage public and private sector investment– increase competition in the railway sector and
increase transport efficiency.
Page 3
Key Demand Drivers on Java
Economic growth is driving rapid growth of transport demands for both passengers and freight
High density of population strongly favors railway passenger services.
But, the economic geography of Java – short distances between markets and – near proximity of lower-cost water transport for minerals &
other bulky goods
limits the normal role of railway freight services.
Page 4
Key Driving Forces
The economic geography– short distances between markets and near proximity of lower-cost water transport for minerals & other bulky goods– limits the normal role of railway freight services.
=> but expansion of transport capacity, especially in the highways sector, is constrained by difficulties in acquisition of rights of way.
=> Capacity constraints and congestion will increasingly impinge on economic growth, unless railway capacity and service quality can be enhanced.
Page 5
Key Driving Forces
The economic geography limits the normal role of railway freight services=> but expansion of capacity in the highways sector is constrained by acquisition of rights of way.
High density of population strongly favors railway passenger services.
=> Technological modernization of railways to meet large increases in demand for passenger services also creates important economies of scope for expanding capacity and improving railway freight services at very low cost
Page 6
Regulatory Environment Is an Important Element of the Plan
• Law 23/2007 requires that private freight operations have equal and fair access to the national railway infrastructure
• This will require separation of infrastructure from direct control of PT KA and development of an access regime that provides fair access and access pricing for all operators
• It also requires regulation governing licensing of private rail operators and chartering of new railway lines
Page 7
Development of Rail Freight Services Capabilities is an Important Part of the Railway Master Plan
• Rail freight market shares have been declining for decades
– Passenger services dominate railway traffic
– Limited available capacity– Difficult relationships with PTKA
• The existing infrastructure is unfriendly to freight transport
– Low axle loads– Antique rolling stock– Inadequate services
• The Railway Master Plan addresses each of these issues
Freight Traffic
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
17,500
20,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Mill
ion
To
ns
JavaSumatra
Freight Ton-kilometers
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
bil
lion
s
Java
Sumatra
Page 8
Separation of Infrastructure Is a Significant Change
• When fully implemented, one entity will be responsible for building,
maintaining and operating existing national railways• Allows for private operators and regulated infrastructure pricing• Allows private ownership of railways
Sub-ballas t
Drainage
B allast Shoulders
Railway R
ight-of-W
ay
Sleepers FasteningsRails
Clearance Envelope
Sub-grade
Page 9
Regulatory Changes are Insufficient to Grow Freight Traffic – New Investment is Needed
Item New Price Units Cost to Replace
Locomotives $2,500,000 340 $850,000,000
Coaches $1,800,000 1,547 $2,784,600,000
EMUs $2,200,000 408 $897,600,000
DMUs $2,500,000 106 $265,000,000
Wagons $80,000 4,200 $336,000,000
Total $5,133,200,000
Source: DGR; HWTSK analysis
• Replacement cost for the existing freight wagon fleet is more than US$330 million
• Replacement cost for the existing locomotive fleet is about US$850 million
• Total rail equipment replacement costs are more than US$5 billion
• Much of the existing fleet is obsolete and needs replacement in the next decade
Page 10
The Current Infrastructure is Inadequate for Freight Services
Axle loadings are limited to a maximum of 18 tons – providing a maximum of 50 tons of lading per wagon
Many lines have lower axle loadings – 13 tons or less – providing a maximum net load of 30 tons or less per freight wagon
These limitations also extend to the locomotive fleet – limiting the power of locomotives and the maximum sizes of trains
The current infrastructure constrains the development of the Java rail freight market – trains don’t carry much more than trucks, sometimes less
Page 11
Jakarta
Cikampek
CirebonTegal
Prupuk
Purwokerto
Sukabumi
Suralaya
Bandung
Banjar
Yogyakarta
Solo
Semarang
Gambringan
Madiun
Kertosono
Malang
Bangil
Bali
Madura
Java
Surabaya
Panarukan
Banyuwangi
Gundih
Kroya
Padalarang
Bogor
Moving axle loads to 25 tons on the main lines – wagon carrying capacity to 77 tons
Increasing physical clearances to 6.1 meters eventually
Recommended Infrastructure Standards Include:– R60 continuously welded rail– Concrete sleepers at 1,660/kilometer– 300 mm hard rock ballast– Electronic signaling– Bridges sufficient for 25 tons/axle loading at track speed
Infrastructure Enhancement is a Major Recommendation for the Rail Master Plan
Page 12
Proposed Infrastructure Enhancements Will Transform Rail Operations
• High-Speed passenger trains proposed on the north island coast line
– 150-kph max speed services– Hourly departures, half-hourly in peak periods
• Higher-speed passenger services on the Bandung – Yogyakarta line – perhaps using tilt-trains
– Increased frequency– Bi-level equipment for greater capacity
• Capacity enhancements will allow more, larger, heavier, and faster freight services
Page 13
Freight Success May Depend on Specialized Terminals
Specialized terminals for warehousing and logistics services include– Containers– Oil and bulk liquids– Steel, other industrial materials– Coal terminals– Manufacturing, automobiles
Jakarta
Cikampek
CirebonTegal
Prupuk
Purwokerto
Sukabum i
Suralaya
Bandung
Banjar
Yogyakarta
Solo
Semarang
Gambringan
Madiun
Kertosono
Malang
Bangil
Bali
Madura
Java
Surabaya
Panarukan
Banyuwangi
Gundih
Kroya
Padalarang
Bogor
CM
M
M
M
O
SS
O Oil
M Manufacturing
S Steel
C
C ContainersC
C
C
C
C
C
Page 14
Specialized Terminals and Freight Rolling Stock Increasingly Private Sector Responsibility
• High capital needs for infrastructure and passenger services
• Means a larger role for private investment in railway facilities
• New law allows and encourages private investment in rail sector– Freight wagons– Specialized terminals and terminal operations– Rail operators using PT KA locos, drivers– Warehousing and logistics services– Rail operations role possible in the future
Page 15
PT KA Will Also be Transformed• PT KA must implement accounting separation of railway
services and infrastructure accounts• More rigorous accounting standards to identify
infrastructure, passenger, and freight operating costs• PT KA likely to separate into at least two divisions
– Infrastructure Services Unit: Maintain and operate railway infrastructure, including day-to-day maintenance, dispatching, under contract with DGR
– Rail Operations Unit: To assemble and operate trains, operate stations and terminals, provide locomotives, drivers, and operations management infrastructure
– Rail Operations Unit may further separate into freight and passenger divisions
• PT KA will no longer have monopoly on operations but will be able to provide operations services to private railways
Page 16
Possible Rail Sector Structure in Indonesia
Transport Policy
Economic regulation Accident Investigation
Technical Regulation& Standards, PSO,Access Charges
Access terms (networkstatement, capacity allocation)
Page 17
TerimaKasih