Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis
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Transcript of Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis
Fluid, Electrolyte and
Acid-Base Homeostasis
Chapter 27
Fluid Compartments
Water Gain and Loss
Dehydration and Thirst
Na+ and Cl- Reabsorption
Body Water Balance
Water Intoxication
Electrolytes in Body Fluids
osmolarity -the total concentration of all solute particles in a solution
osmolality - the number of solute particles dissolved in one liter of water and is reflected in the solution’s ability to cause osmosis
Electrolyte concentrations of body fluids are usually expressed in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) = number of electrical charges in 1 liter of solution
Electrolyte and Protein Concentration
Blood Electrolyte
Imbalances
Regulation of pH
Regulation of pH
Secretion of H+
Acid-Base Imbalances
• Acidosis---blood pH below 7.35
• Alkalosis---blood pH above 7.45
• Compensation is an attempt to correct the problem– respiratory compensation– renal compensation
• Acidosis causes depression of CNS---coma
• Alkalosis causes excitability of nervous tissue---spasms, convulsions & death
Abnormalities of Acid-Base Balance