Flow Chart Evaluation of Wind Loads
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This flow chart presents comprehensive procedures for determination of wind loads for a multi-storey building in a simplified way. SF011a-EN-EU Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads Start Calculate basic wind velocity v b = c dir x c season x v b,0 EN 1991-1-4 § 6.2 and 6.3 EN 1991-1-4 § 4.2 European wind map (National Annex) Determine structural factor Determine internal pressure coefficients c pi EN 1991-1-4 § 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 EN 1991-1-4 § 7.2.9 Determine wind pressure w e = q p (z e ) x c pe [kN/m²] w i = q p (z i ) x c pi [kN/m²] EN 1991-1-4 § 5.3 (3) Stop Determine peak velocity pressure Determine external pressure coefficients c pe,J Determine wind forces ∑ × = surfaces ref e d s we A w c c F ∑ = surfaces ref i wi A w F v b q p (z) c s , c d Basic data Basic data b, h, d EN 1991-1-4 § 4.5 for multi-storey building usually c pi = 0 Recommended value for c dir and c season is 1,0 Usually c s and c d are taken equal to 1,0 fr e p fr fr ) ( A z q c F = EN 1991-1-4 § 7.5 (3)-(4) c pe,i i = A to J c pi Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads 1 Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads Created on Monday, January 22, 2007 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
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Wind loads
Transcript of Flow Chart Evaluation of Wind Loads
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This flow chart presents comprehensive procedures for determination of wind loads for a multi-storey building in a simplified way.
SF011a-EN-EU
Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
Start
Calculate basic wind velocity
vb = cdir x cseason x vb,0
EN 1991-1-4 6.2 and 6.3
EN 1991-1-4 4.2
European wind map
(National Annex)
Determine structural factor
Determine internal pressure coefficients
cpi
EN 1991-1-4 7.2.2 and 7.2.3
EN 1991-1-4 7.2.9
Determine wind pressurewe = qp(ze) x cpe [kN/m]wi = qp(zi) x cpi [kN/m]
EN 1991-1-4 5.3 (3)
Stop
Determine peak velocity pressure
Determine external pressure coefficients
cpe,J
Determine wind forces
=surfaces
refedswe AwccF
=surfaces
refiwi AwF
vb
qp(z)
cs, cd
Basic data
Basic data b, h, d
EN 1991-1-4 4.5
for multi-storey building usually cpi = 0
Recommended value for cdir and cseason is 1,0
Usually cs and cd are taken equal to 1,0
frepfrfr )( AzqcF =
EN 1991-1-4 7.5 (3)-(4)
cpe,ii = A to J
cpi
Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loadsCr
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Building should be considered to be multiple parts
Building should be considered to be two parts
Calculate mean velocity wind
Determination of peak velocity pressure
Determine roughness factor cr(z)
Determine orography factor co(z)
Determine turbulence
factor kI
Determine roughness length z0
Calculate turbulence intensity
where z = min (z, zmin)borm )()()( vzczczv = )/ln()(
)(0o
IV zzzc
kz =l
Calculate peak velocity pressureEN 1991-1-4 4.5 eq. (4.8)
EN 1991-1-4 4.3.2
EN 1991-1-4 4.3.3
National Annex
EN 1991-1-4Table 4.1
EN 1991-1-4 4.3 eq. (4.3)
EN 1991-1-4 4.4 eq. (4.7)
Start
Calculate h/b ratio
bh
bhb 2
Building may be considered to be one part
Determine input values cr(z), co(z), kI, z0
cr(z), co(z), kI, z0
Return
for buildings on hills, else co(z) = 1,0
Recommended value kI = 1,0
typical for multi-storey buildings
)(221)](71[)( mVp zvzzq += l
SF011a-EN-EUFlow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loadsCr
eate
d on
Mon
day,
Jan
uary
22,
200
7Th
is m
ater
ial i
s co
pyrig
ht -
all r
ight
s re
serv
ed. U
se o
f thi
s do
cum
ent i
s su
bject
to the
term
s and
cond
itions
of th
e Acc
ess S
teel L
icenc
e Agre
emen
t
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Determination of external pressure coefficients
Calculate e/d ratio and divide walls into zones
A,B,C,D & E
de < de de 5
EN 1991-1-4Table 7.1
Determine recommended values cpe for external
pressure coefficients for vertical walls of rectangular
plan buildings
Divide roof into zones F, G, H, I
valid for flat roofswith -5 < < 5
EN 1991-1-4Table 7.2
Determine external pressure coefficients cpe
for flatroofs
Start
Return
EN 1991-1-4 7.2.2
EN 1991-1-4 7.2.3
A > 10 mcpe,i = cpe,10
1 < A < 10 mcpe,i = cpe,1 (cpe,1 cpe,10) x log10 A
1 > Acpe,i = cpe,1
Determine loaded area A [m]
cpe,i
Pressure coefficientsfor roofs
NOTE: Key for flat roofs
typical for multi-storey buildings
e = min (b, 2h) b crosswind dimension
e = min (b, 2h) b crosswind dimension
NOTE: If the slope of the roof is > 5 see SF014
SF011a-EN-EUFlow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loadsCr
eate
d on
Mon
day,
Jan
uary
22,
200
7Th
is m
ater
ial i
s co
pyrig
ht -
all r
ight
s re
serv
ed. U
se o
f thi
s do
cum
ent i
s su
bject
to the
term
s and
cond
itions
of th
e Acc
ess S
teel L
icenc
e Agre
emen
t
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loads
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13/07/05Gerhard Sedlacek RWTHTechnical content checked by
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loadsSF011a-EN-EU
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Flow Chart: Evaluation of wind loadsCr
eate
d on
Mon
day,
Jan
uary
22,
200
7Th
is m
ater
ial i
s co
pyrig
ht -
all r
ight
s re
serv
ed. U
se o
f thi
s do
cum
ent i
s su
bject
to the
term
s and
cond
itions
of th
e Acc
ess S
teel L
icenc
e Agre
emen
t
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