Leiden University, Academiegebouw 10 February, 2010 luciano.floridi@philosophy.ox.ac.uk www.philosophyofinformation.netLuciano Floridi Research Chair in Philosophy of Information, UNESCO Chair in Information and Computer EthicsResearch Group in Philosophy of Information, University of HertfordshireInformation Ethics Group, OUCL & Philosophy, University of Oxford

IntroductionThe First Three RevolutionsThe Fourth RevolutionThe Transparent BodyThe Shared BodyThe Democratisation of Health InformationThe Socialisation of Health ConditionsE-Mental HealthThe Future of e-Mental HealthBack to the Fourth RevolutionConclusion: A New E-nvironmentalism

Knowledge, Science, Technology have two fundamental ways of changing our understanding: Extrovert or about the world.Introvert or about ourselves.

Three revolutions that changed our self-understanding:Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 1543) Heliocentric cosmology displaces the Earth from the centre of the universe. Charles Darwin (1809 1882) All species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through natural selection.Sigmund Freud (1856 1939) The mind is also unconscious and subject to the defence mechanism of repression.

Turing and the Fourth Revolution.The information revolution is deeply affecting our understanding of ourselves as agents.Information is our environment (infosphere).We are not becoming sci-fi cyborgs but re-appropriating ourselves as connected, informational organisms, inforgs. Radical change brought about by the fourth (information) revolution: the disclosure of human agents as interconnected, informational organisms among other informational organisms and agents, sharing an informational environment, the infosphere.

Digital ICTs radically changing the very nature of (and hence what we mean by) the infosphere. Transformations in the infosphere affect the nature of the inforgs inhabiting it and hence their related behaviours.(1) and (2) sources of some of the most profound transformations and challenging problems in the close future, as far as technology is concerned. Examples of (3): privacy and surveillance; security and secrecy; accuracy, safety, reliability and trustworthiness; intellectual property and ownership; digital divide; freedom of expression and censorship; de-legittimization.Issues in (4) well known and not unique.Conceptual framework.

The transparent bodyThe sharedbodyThe democratisation of health informationThe socialisation of health conditions

The development of e-Health and its ethical issues are part of a wide and influential fourth revolution in the long process of dislocation and reassessment of humanitys fundamental nature and role in the universe.We are not immobile, at the centre of the universe (Copernicus).We are not unnaturally detached and diverse from the rest of the animal world (Darwin).We are not Cartesian subjects entirely transparent to ourselves (Freud). We are not disconnected entities, but rather inforgs, sharing with biological agents and engineered artefacts a global environment ultimately made of information, the infosphere (Turing).

Leiden University, Academiegebouw 10 February, 2010 luciano.floridi@philosophy.ox.ac.uk www.philosophyofinformation.netLuciano Floridi Research Chair in Philosophy of Information, UNESCO Chair in Information and Computer EthicsResearch Group in Philosophy of Information, University of HertfordshireInformation Ethics Group, OUCL & Philosophy, University of OxfordACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many thanks to Jan van Leeuwen, the NIAS-Lorentz Center and everybody else who made the meeting possible.

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*******Henry Gray(18251861).Anatomy of the Human Body.1918.*Henry Gray(18251861).Anatomy of the Human Body.1918.***********