FLOORING Application Guide - West Marine application guide.pdf · 2 Overview of Sika Marine...
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CA U L K I N G
LE V E L L I N G
PR O T E C T I N G
SE A L I N G
BO N D I N G
GL A Z I N G
DA M P E N I N G
FL O O R I N G
F o r B o n d i n g a n d S e a l i n g S y s t e m si n t h e L e i s u r e B o a t
a n d G e n e r a l M a r i n e I n d u s t r y
A p p l i c a t i o n G u i d e2 n d E d i t i o n
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1 I n t r o d u c t i o n
2 O v e r v i e w o f S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t s a n d A p p l i c a t i o n s
3 I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g3 . 1 C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f S i k a f l e x ® E l a s t i c B o n d i n g / S e a l i n g
S y s t e m s i n B o a t C o n s t r u c t i o n3 . 2 H o w A d h e s i v e s a n d S e a l a n t s F u n c t i o n3 . 3 J o i n t D e s i g n3 . 4 S u r f a c e P r e p a r a t i o n3 . 5 P r i m i n g3 . 6 A p p l i c a t i o n C o n d i t i o n s f o r S i k a ® P r i m e r3 . 7 S i k a f l e x ® A p p l i c a t i o n s3 . 8 H a n d l i n g a n d C u r e T i m e
4 I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n4 . 1 L e v e l l i n g , B o n d i n g a n d C a u l k i n g Te a k D e c k s4 . 2 B o n d i n g T i m b e r C o m p o n e n t s4 . 3 B o n d i n g A n t i - S l i p D e c k C o v e r i n g s4 . 4 B e d d i n g a n d S e a l i n g o f F i t t i n g s a n d H a r d w a r e4 . 5 F l y b r i d g e B o n d i n g4 . 6 B o n d i n g o f R u b R a i l s a n d F e n d e r s4 . 7 D e c k - t o - H u l l B o n d i n g4 . 8 K e e l - t o - H u l l J o i n t s4 . 9 B o n d i n g a n d S e a l i n g O r g a n i c “ G l a s s ” W i n d o w s4 . 10 B o n d i n g a n d S e a l i n g M i n e r a l “ G l a s s ” W i n d o w s4 . 11 S e a l i n g o f S a c r i f i c i a l A n o d e s4 . 12 B o n d i n g o f D e c o r a t i v e P a n e l s a n d Wo r k S u r f a c e s4 . 13 B o n d i n g o f D e c k P a n e l s a n d F e a t u r e D e c k s4 . 14 S e a l i n g o f H i g h - U V- R i s k A r e a s4 . 15 B o n d i n g o f L i g h t w e i g h t I n t e r n a l P a r t i t i o n s4 . 16 B o n d i n g o f A n t i - S l i p P l a t e s f o r E n g i n e R o o m s4 . 17 C a u l k i n g a n d S e a l i n g o f Wo o d e n P l a n k i n g o n B o a t H u l l s
5 M a t e r i a l s5 . 1 N o t e s o n S u b s t r a t e s5 . 2 C l e a n e r, P r i m e r a n d A d h e s i v e C o n s u m p t i o n Ta b l e5 . 3 S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t s5 . 4 E q u i p m e n t a n d A c c e s s o r i e s
6 S e r v i c e a n d H a n d l i n g P r e c a u t i o n s
7 P r i m e r a n d A d h e s i v e C h a r t s7 . 1 S i k a f l e x ® M a r i n e A d h e s i v e s a n d S e a l a n t s7 . 2 P r i m e r C h a r t f o r S i k a M a r i n e A p p l i c a t i o n s
8 Yo u r S i k a ’s G l o b a l C o n t a c t s i n t h e M a r i n e I n d u s t r y
A c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s
5
Contents
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9
19
59
67
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“ There is nothingthat cannot be
improved”
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n
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I n t r o d u c t i o n
Since the middle of the 17th cen-tury, when the industrial revolutionstarted, to the present day, theprocess of joining has changeddramatically, in both the joiningmethod and the joining material.
Nowadays the most advanced tech-nology in the general field of bond-ing and sealing is based on elasticadhesives due to ease of use and theresulting high-quality finish.
Historically, no technique in ship-building has evolved as strongly overthe centuries as the technology ofdeck caulking. In the early days,woollen or cotton caulking yarn, incombination with bituminous mater-ials, were employed. Nowadays theuse of elastomeric materials arecommon worldwide, especially asthese elastic sealants not only fill thejoint but additionally seal and bondsimilar and dissimilar substrates si-multaneously.
The Best Way to Seal a
Joint Is to Use Sika’s
High-Quality Adhesive
Sealants
The task of elastic bonding is tojoin, to waterproof, to dampen(sound), to insulate and to preventgalvanic corrosion. These are allproperties strongly associated withthe marine environment, particular-ly in the manufacture and repair ofships, boats and yachts.
This application guide is derivedfrom our many years’ experience inelastic bonding of materials sub-mitted to the toughest climatic con-ditions of marine exposure and theassociated forces from expansionand contraction.
These types of adhesives mustavoid metal corrosion and absorbthe forces produced in the joints,something which rigid fixation sys-tems such as welding, riveting orscrewing cannot guarantee.
When we discuss elastic bondingand sealing systems it is essential tounderstand that this represents awell-structured process with spe-cially sequenced steps which must be followed, otherwise undesirable results might be obtained.
The various steps are usually simplebut mandatory in the process.
For that reason it is essential thatbefore an application is started this manual is consulted, especially those sections dedicated to the work-ing procedures of bonding and seal-ing as well as to the use of Sika cleaner and primer systems.
The different coefficients of expan-sion of the materials involved in boat building and the forces origin-ated by the conditions of use haveto be compensated and accommo-dated by the adhesive. Providing itis correctly positioned and applied,no damage will be sustained byeither the supporting substrates,adhesives or interfaces.
This dual function of bonding andsealing is achieved by the Sikaflex®
Marine Range, which is based onone- and two-component elastic polyurethane systems, avoiding fail-ure of the joint and hence providinga tough, durable and totally water-tight seal.
o f S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t sa n d A p p l i c a t i o n s
6 2 . O v e r v i e w
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t oE l a s t i c
B o n d i n g
O v e r v i e w o f S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t s a n d A p p l i c a t i o n s
Sikaflex® adhesives and sealants areextensively used in the constructionof a wide range of marine craftsand structures in fact, everythingfrom pleasure yachts to passengerliners, fishing boats to tankers, andcanoes to oil rigs. Sikaflex® poly-urethane adhesive and sealant sys-tems provide a tough, waterproof,yet flexible bond between a multitu-de of materials and can be used withconfidence above and below thewaterline. It is also for those reaso-ns that the majority of the Sika Ma-rine Line has achieved approval tocarry the wheel mark.
Sikaflex®-290 DC
Sikaflex® -290 DC is a one-com-ponent, elastomeric deck caulkingcompound which exhibits highUV resistance, shows excellent sand-ability and is specially designed tocaulk teak decks.
Sikaflex®-291
Sikaflex® -291 is a one-component,low viscous, medium modulus,polyurethane-based sealing/adhe-sive compound. This all-purposegrade is used for general sealingapplications.
Sikaflex®-292
Sikaflex® -292 is a one-component,thixotropic, high modulus, struc-tural, polyurethane-based adhesivesystem. The product is used for awide range of bonding applications,deck-to-hull, bedding of chain-plates, through-hull fittings and toerails.
Sikaflex®-295 UV
Sikaflex® -295 UV is a fast-curing,one-component, flexible, high-per-formance polyurethane-based adhe-sive for bonding and sealing of win-dows and portholes. Sikaflex® -295UV is suitable for all types of or-ganic (PC, PMMA) window panes.
Sikaflex®-296
Sikaflex® -296 is a fast-curing, one-component, flexible, high-perfor-mance polyurethane-based adhesive
for bonding windows and port-holes. Sikaflex® -296 is suitable for all types of mineral glass. Its highdegree of UV resistance also allowsthe use of the system as a weather-proof sealant.
Sikaflex®-298
Sikaflex® -298 is a one-componentself-levelling bedding and bondingadhesive with very high adhesionproperties. The product is easilyspreadable with extended open timefor large working areas.
Sikaflex®-852 FR
Sikaflex® -852 FR is a one-com-ponent, polyurethane-based sealingand bonding adhesive with excel-lent flame-retardant properties.
SikaTransfloor®-352
SikaTransfloor® -352 is a two-com-ponent, polyurethane-based com-pound used for the levelling of uneven decks prior to the applica-tion of teak decks.
8
Lloyd’s Register, Det Norske Veritas, RINA, Germanische Lloyd, American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, USPH, etc, etc.
3 . I n t r o d u c t i o n
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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g
Introduction into elastic bonding 3.1 Characteristics of Sikaflex® ElasticBonding/Sealing Systems in Boat Construction
Adhesives are increasingly used inmodern day assembly operations.Nowhere is this becoming moreevident than in boat and ship build-ing.
The total or partial replacement ofmechanical fixings by adhesivessupply advantages in durability,weightsaving, aerodynamics, styl-ing and longevity.
The simplicity, tolerance and ease ofapplication in the use of Sikaflex®
Marine Systems combined with theirelastic properties when cured makethem ideal for the construction ofleisure boats, yachts, ferries, cruiseships and even offshore rigs.
The Sikaflex® elastic bonding sys-tems contribute to the reduction of localised stress situations, re-ducing the transmission of noiseand helping eliminate corrosion andleak problems.
Sikaflex® elastic adhesive systemshave allowed the introduction of acompletely new approach to join-ing technology in both leisure boatand commercial shipbuilding.
Ease of application and user-friendliness help enhance economicproduction times.
The adaptable characteristics of elastic adhesive and sealing systemsmake this bonding technology reliable and suitable for a wide range of applications.
Elastic adhesive and sealing systemsallow maximum freedom to de-signers and architects in boat andship building.
Sikaflex® products are intelligentlypackaged in such a way that min-imum waste arises, contributing totoday’s ecological and economicalproduction technology.
The increasing employment of elas-tic bonding and sealing systems in boat and ship constructionmeans that refurbishers also need tounderstand Sika systems and theircorrect usage.
This manual is intended for thoseinvolved in design, specification,construction, production and main-tenance of leisure boats and shipsand provides practical informationfor the most common applicationsin this field.
Sika supports its products and theiruse with an outstanding technicalbackup and advisory service.
Please direct any requests for infor-mation to your local Sika Company.
Sikaflex® elastic bonding/sealingsystems allow for:
Joining of similar and dissimilar materialsWider production tolerances Prevention of galvanic metal cor-rosionCompensation for variable rates of thermal expansionNoise and vibration dampeningElimination of localised stressesHigh shear and peel strengthsFreedom of designSavings on custom-made seals and gasketsSimultaneous assembly andsealing operationOverpaintabilityHigh resistance to tearSimple one-component, humidity-curing system
■ Prevention of deformation ofmetals due to thermal joiningprocesses (welding, etc.)
Two-component and fast-curingsystems are available for rapidinitial strength and fast handlingWeight- and cost-saving optionsAvailability in all consistenciesfrom fluid to non-sagPrevention of damage to the sub-strate, unlike with welding, drill-ing or riveting systemsJoining of painted componentsHigh durability for a long servicelifeHigh resistance to UV radiationProven resistance to seawaterand extreme climate conditionsDistortion-free joiningFlexible manufacturing proce-duresHigh-impact resistance
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Are best suited to operate in compression/tension in one plane (no peel).
Best suited to operate in shear.
To increase strength, cross sectional areamust be increased.
Scarf joints are another way of increasing bond area, however not well suited for elasticadhesives.
Peel forces are very destructive hence preven-tion through alternative construction should besought.
Tension
Compression
Shear
Peel
Torsion
Before a joint is designed, a numberof basic questions need answering.These are:
What kind of materials are to be bonded?What are the mechanical prop-erties of the substrates?Which mechanical or chemical surface preparation of the sub-strates is required and/or possible?What are the expected stresses (continuous and peak) to which the joint will be exposed?What surface finish or final ap-pearance of the joint is required?What resistance to chemical ex-posure is required from the ad-hesive joint?What resistance to UV exposure or to thermal exposure is re-quired from the joint?
In service, adhesive joints can besubjected to a multitude of forces:
Shear (sliding forces)Tension (pulling forces)Compression (squashing forces)Torsion (torsional forces)Peel (tearing forces)
The strength of a joint is basicallydetermined by the area of the bond-line, the inherent strength of theadhesive and the stress distributionwithin the joint. A poorly designedjoint can lead to high-stress concen-trations in the joint itself and/or inthe substrates connected, which in
turn can lead to premature failure.Good joint design which takes intoaccount the practicalities of ap-plication as well as the geometry of the joint is essential for a longservice life in a demanding marineenvironment.
Examples of Forces
I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g
3.2 How Adhesives and Sealants Function
3.3 Joint Design
These Mechanisms Include:
Loss of solvent or moisturefrom open surfaces and through porous substrates:
A molten adhesive is formedto a joint, held in place andleft to cool and solidify:
e.g. hot melt adhesive.
Two reactive adhesive ele-ments are mixed, formed toa joint and held in place untilhandling strength is reached:
e.g. two-component epoxyresin or two-component polyurethane system.
Development of a bond by drying off of the adhesive; Development of a bond by application of a hot, moltenadhesive and leaving it to cool down;
Development of a bond based on a two-component metered/mixed adhesive, as an example for a chemicalreaction;
Development of a bond based on a one-component humidity-curing reaction, as another example for a chemical reaction;
The following comments on designare of a general nature.
For specific recommendations, theSika Company in your area shouldbe contacted to supply the solutionto your particular design enquiry.
Examples of Joints
12 13
e.g. aqueous
polyvinylacetate (PVA).
One-component moisture- reactive adhesive, formed to ajoint, until sufficient handlingstrength is reached:
e.g. Sikaflex ® one-compo-nent polyurethane system.
Sika’s adhesives and sealants areworking materials which showgood affinity for other surfaces.Their task is to flow as a liquid ontoand into the contours of a surfaceand then transform themselves intoa solid, by developing both a physi-
cal and a chemical bond with thesubstrate. Sika Marine Adhesiveand Sealant Systems can range fromfluid liquids to heavy thixotropicpaste-like systems, able to supplylow-to-high strength values andcure to a highly elastic or rigid
bond. The ability of the adhesive orsealant to “ wet” a surface is verycritical in the development of aproper bond; solidification (curing)can take place through a physicalor a chemical reaction or throughboth at the same time.
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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g
3.4 Surface Preparation 3.5. Priming
Correct surface preparation is keyto successful bonding. In many in-stances, all that is required, withthe Sikaflex® Marine Product Line,is a simple cleaning operation, butwhere there are weak or contami-nated surfaces, more extensive pre-paration is needed to ensure a per-fect bond. Typical problem areasinclude dust, dirt, grease, fat, oil,rust, flaking paint, etc.
The actual pretreatment selectedwill depend on the type of substrate(metal, plastic, paint, wood, etc.),the operating conditions in service,the degree of surface deteriorationand the practicalities of any parti-cular installation. Detailed informa-tion can be found in our surfacepreparation table. The primer chartfor Sika marine applications in-cluded in this manual can also beobtained from your local SikaCompany.
Mechanical Cleaning
Some kind of mechanical prepara-tion will be required if, for example,corrosion is apparent, weak surfacelayers prevail, or surface degrada-tion is showing (e.g. weathered,but still strongly adhering surfacecoatings). The level of cleaning willbe determined by the type of surfaceand the degree of deterioration.Preparation techniques include theuse of abrasive nylon pads, abrasivepaper/fabric, wire brushing, abrasivewheels, and wet or dry grit blasting.Following mechanical treatment,additional cleaning with solventsmay be required.
Dedusting, Degreasing
If compressed air is used to removedust from surfaces, the air should befiltered to remove traces of oil. Theuse of vacuum cleaners is even better for dust removal. All non-porous surfaces must be cleanedprior to Sikaflex® application. OnlySika-recommended cleaning ma-terials should be used. Solvents,such as white spirits, are not re-commended as they contain resi-dues which might hinder sub-sequent adhesion. Always use clean,lint-free wipes, and change them
frequently to ensure that the contam-ination is removed from and notredistributed onto the surface.Once clean, the substrates shouldbe left to completely dry beforeproceeding to the next operation.
Note: Certain solvents, includingSika Cleaner® -205, are not recom-mended to be used on absorbentsubstrates as unevaporated solventscan affect the curing mechanism ofSikaflex® .
Alcohol-based solvents prevent thecure of polyurethane-based adhe-sives and sealants.
Other Treatments
Certain substrates such as poly-ethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP)or polyoxymethylene (POM) re-quire a more sophisticated surfacepreparation such as chemical etching or electrical discharge toassure proper adhesion. In theseinstances the local Sika Companyshould be contacted for advice.
1415
Few surfaces are ideal for bond-ing. Priming the surface is ameans of transforming the sub-strate, either chemically, physicallyor both, into an ideal condition forsuccessful bonding, thus supplyinglong-term performance. The sim-plest form of priming is wiping the prepared surface with a condi-tioner (such as Sika Activator® )which reacts with the surface pro-viding improved “ wetting” charac-teristics and more reactive sites.
Porous and rough surfaces requirea primer with “ film-forming” prop-erties to re-profile the surface,producing a denser, more even bond line. In some cases, the film-forming primers also prevent plasticisers orresins present in the wet adhesivefrom being absorbed into the sub-strate which can cause discolora-tion or bond line starvation.
Primers must always be allowed todry thoroughly before applicationof the Sikaflex® adhesive. If left toolong, primed areas must be re-
applied or reactivated. Minimum and maximum drying times are given in the primer chart for Sikamarine applications in this guide.Primed surfaces should be protectedfrom contamination by dust, dirt,grease, vapours, moisture, etc., untilthe bond is formed.
Please note that primer bottlesshould be shaken prior to use where-ever necessary. Ensure that primerbottles are resealed after use.
3.5 Priming
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Sikaflex® adhesives and sealantsvary in consistency from spread-able, self-levelling liquids to high-viscous pastes and are chosen depending upon the application andperformance requirements. Theseproducts are packaged in tube, cart-ridge, unipac, pail and drum formand can be applied by hand, hand-gun (skeleton, cradle and bulkguns), pneumatic gun, electricallydriven gun, and for bulk/roboticapplication, purpose-built pneuma-tic or hydraulic delivery systems areavailable.
The choice of the delivery systemdepends on the frequency, the typeand the environment of the applica-tion. Filling long continuous joints,e.g. when bonding coamings orwhen performing deck-to-hullapplications, require a skilled andsteady hand, and air- or electric-driven guns are particularly benefi-cial in producing a uniform deliveryrate as well as ease of handlingwhile extruding high-viscous Sika-flex® grades, like Sikaflex® -296 or
Sikaflex® -292 for example.Important in achieving a uniformaspect is the shape and the design ofthe nozzle. For seam sealing the nozzle is cut at an angle to a sizesuitable for the geometry of theseam. Deep seams should be filledfrom the bottom to avoid air entrapment. Where appropriate,the surrounding surfaces should bemasked off, and after tooling of theadhesive, the masking tape is re-moved immediately to produce aneat, clean finish of the seal.
For bonding applications withthixotropic products in boat con-struction, a triangular bead of wetadhesive is recommended as thebead deforms and spreads into auniform flat bond line when thecomponents are brought together,ensuring continuous contact of theindividual parts.
Nozzles for particular applicationscan be designed to purpose as follows:
3.7 Sikaflex® Applications
Cut nozzle round beadOriginal nozzle “V” section for triangular bead
16 17
I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g
3.6 Application Conditionsfor Sika® Primer
Preparation and
Planning
Thorough preparation and plan-ning of the operations will ensure asmooth and trouble-free productioncycle. Early definition of the mater-ials and analysis of the surface finish are the basis for selecting theright type of adhesive and the sur-face preparation required. Releaseagents, drawing components, etc.,will affect the adhesion propertiesof the final joint. If in doubt it isstrongly recommended to carry outpreliminary adhesion and compati-bility tests by contacting your localSika Company.
The Workplace
A clean, clearly arranged work-place, in a bright, well-ventilatedworking area is a prerequisite forsuccess and assures a pleasantworking place at the same time.During application the ambienttemperature should be minimum
+5°C and not higher than +35°C.Ideally temperatures should be be-tween 15°C and 25°C. The prepara-tion area for general cleaning andabrasion should be separate fromthe priming and bonding area.Make sure that the appropriatetools and materials are in place ineach working area and adequatecover can be provided from theelements.
Preparation Check List
Clean workplace, stable worktable; marking material to indi-cate the bonding area on the sub-stratesOil-free compressed air (orvacuum cleaner) to remove thedust from the surfaces to bebondedCleaning paper or clean lint-freeclothA new brush or felt pad for eachprimer type or applicationNon-absorbent, silicone-free, tear-resistant, smooth masking tapeWorking glovesAdequate ventilation
Bonding Check List
Reliable manual or compressedair gun (see equipment and acces-sories)Pressure-reducing valve on com-pressed air gun to regulate the ex-trusion rate of the adhesiveScrewdriver or pliers to open theadhesive containerSharp knife to trim the nozzleElastic spacers, possibly of identi-cal shore hardness to the Sikaflex®
adhesive/sealant to be employedensuring the correct thicknessFixing aids (clamps, weights) tohold assembled parts in place and prevent slippageSpatulas for removing excess ad-hesiveSika® Remover-208 to wipe awayuncured adhesive residuesSika® Tooling Agent N to smooththe surface of freshly appliedSikaflex® adhesives and sealants
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I n t r o d u c t i o n t o E l a s t i c B o n d i n g
3.8 Handling and Cure Time
Sikaflex® ‚ one-part polyurethanesealants and adhesives cure on exposure to atmospheric moistureto form a durable elastomer. One-component Sikaflex® PUR productsexhibit excellent adhesive prop-erties and a high degree of mech-anical strength once the curingprocess is concluded. The chemical reaction of one-com-ponent Sikaflex® PUR productsrequire some precautions as far as the handling and the curing time isconcerned.
The handling and curing time willvary with each type of applicationon board and the loads involved.
Open Time
The open time is the time the adhe-sive can be left before the skinningof the adhesive starts to interferewith the adhesion; the open time,depending on the kind of adhesivechosen and the climatic conditions,can typically vary from 15 to 60 minutes.
Handling Time
Handling time and time to full loadare determined not only by thestresses involved, but also by theaccess of moisture, as Sikaflex®
products cure by way of moisturediffusion from the outside inwardinto the adhesive bead. The speed ofcure and strength development canbe significantly influenced by the design of the joint, the porosity ofthe substrate(s), the absolute hu-midity in the air, the ambient tem-perature and the temperature of the substrate.
Cure Time
The cure time is considered the timespan required for the adhesive tocure until full load can be applied tothe finished part.
Good joint design ensures unre-stricted access of humidity aroundthe joint and is important for opti-mising production times. For fastthroughput and increased produc-tivity Sika has developed specific systems. Please consult your localSika Company.
f o r U s i n g t h eS i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e
b y A p p l i c a t i o n
18
Time (days)
Laye
r th
ickn
ess
(mm
)
0 2 4 6 8 10
510
■ 23°C, 50% RH■ 10°C, 50% RH
Typical Cure Time
H2O
H2OH2O
H2O
H2OH2O
4 . I n s t r u c t i o n s
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I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.1 Levelling, Bonding and Caulking Teak Decks Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator. (Fig. B)
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium and Steel Decks
Steel: The surface has to be sand-
blasted to SA 2.5 acc. to DIN 55 928,
part 4.
Aluminium: Should be lightly sweep-
blasted.
Degrease the surface with Sika®
Cleaner-205.
Apply a continuous coating of two-
component Sika Icosit® EG 1 to the
surface (Fig. C) using a clean brush or
a roller at a consumption of ca. 200 g/m2.
Drying time:
10 ºC 48h–14 days
20 ºC 24h–14 days
30 ºC 14h–14 days
Avoid/Protect against dirt. If neces-
sary clean the surface with water and
leave to dry completely.
General Description of the
Application
Teak has been used for hundreds ofyears as a decking material for shipsand boats because of its antirot prop-erties. Teak is a beautiful material inits unfinished state, but requires anelegant solution for avoiding waterleaks, which can cause severe damage,such as leaving unsightly marks alongthe hull, rotting woodwork and cor-roding metal components. Thereforewatertight seals are absolutely essen-tial. In addition to adding structuralstrength to the sub-deck, a teakdeck contributes to extra insulationin hot and cool climates alike. Teak,however, is not a uniform material;oil, fat, talc and resin-content, aswell as porosity, differ greatlydepending on source and age.The following pages detail the cor-rect procedures for laying, preparingand caulking teak decks with the
Sika Total Teakdeck System. Besidesits excellent sealing qualities, theSikaflex® -290 DC caulking systemprovides anti-slip properties to awet deck. Following the guidelines below tothe letter will result in a watertighttimber deck which you can enjoy foryears to come.
General Conditions
Optimal results are obtained underconstant or falling temperature con-ditions of between +5°C and +35°Cover the entire installation period.Exposure to direct sunlight and rainduring the operation and especiallyduring caulking needs to be avoidedunder all circumstances.Exposure to the elements during thetotal teak deck application proce-dure needs to be prevented for atleast eight hours, following the laststep in the process.Good ventilation in a well-organisedworking area are important factorsfor success.
The Quality of the Wood
Teak planks should show verti-cal, standing year rings
The core humidity content of thewood should ideally not exceed12%
The Planks
Teak planks are offered in variousqualities and dimensions. The symmet-ric shape (A) is the simplest form. Theelasticity of the Sikaflex® -290 DC sealis positioned to bridge thedifferences in thermal and hygricmovements. Asymmetric teak planks
Instructions for Levelling,
Bonding and Caulking of
Teak Decks
Timber decks tend to be laid on topof a sub deck of steel, (ply)wood, aluminium or fibreglass polyester.Aluminium or steel sub decks as arule require levelling. Prior to that,the various substrates require pro-per preparation.
Preparation of the
Substrates
Glass fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Decks
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade contact area with a very
fine sanding pad. Remove the dust
with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coating of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
(Fig. A)
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Timber Decks and Teak Profiles
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100 grit) and
remove the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
205
290 DC
206 G+P/215
EG 1
SikaTransfloor® -352 SL, which showexcellent adhesion to the Sika Ico-sit® EG 1-primed surfaces previous-ly described, and serve to level theuneven deck surface.Any contact with water during thepreparation of the deck, during mix-ing, application or subsequent cureneed to be avoided under all circum-stances. Also observe the dewpointand avoid condensation on the deck.SikaTransfloor® -352 ST and Sika-Transfloor® -352 SL differ in viscosity.SikaTransfloor® -352 ST representsthe more viscous version and is oftenemployed for the more inclimeddecks whereas SikaTransfloor® -352SL is the product with the more self-levelling characteristics.
Fig. A
Fig. B
Fig. C
Add component B of SikaTransfloor®-
352 ST or SikaTransfloor®-352 SL to
the prestirred component A. Mechani-
cally mix for three minutes at a medium
speed to avoid air entrapment. Trans-
fer the contents completely to another
drum, scraping the contents from the
sides and the bottom and mix for an-
other minute before transferring to the
deck. Never invert or scrape out the re-
maining contents of a pail to the desk;
instead, transfer to the next pail in the
process and so on. (Fig. D1, D2)
Spread the mixed SikaTransfloor®-
352 ST or SikaTransfloor®-352 SL onto
the deck using a bar or straight edge at
a thickness just exceeding the highest
elevation point of the steel or alumin-
ium deck. Do not apply at thicknesses
over 30 mm. If such should be neces-
sary, the operation must be carried out
in several consecutive processes with
intermediate sanding of the cured
SikaTransfloor® 352 surface followed
by vacuum cleaning (Figs. E, F). Wor-
king conditions: 10– 35 °C and 75 %
r.h. max.
Drying time: The coating can be
walked on after 24 hours and is ready
for the next stage of the process.
Condensation or waterdrops on the
primed deck will cause adhesion failure;
observe the dewpoint, between the
printed coat and the SikaTransfloor®-layer.
with one-sided separation cuts (B)are in principle also suitable; how-ever, the application of the bondbreaker tape requires more care for correct dimensioning and positioning.
Instructions for the
Levelling of the Deck
SikaTransfloor® -352 ST and SikaTransfloor® -352SL are lightweight,two-component PUR deck-levellingsystems which cure to a smooth sound-absorbing material and simultneous-ly serve as a primerless surface forthe subsequent application of the bed-ding compound Sikaflex® -298 forthe teak deck planks.If levelling is not required decktimbers should be dry fitted andpositions marked. The temporaryfixing system should be deter-mined before removing the planksprior to applying the bond inter-face areas with a thin even coat ofSika® Primer-290 DC. After one hourdrying the timbers are ready for bed-ding.Sikaflex® -298 is an exceptionallystrong (self levelling) flexible ad-
A B
Fig. D1
!
!
In case of irregularities in the primed deck, the substrates have tobe levelled to prevent water collect-ing under the teak deck, leading to apotential source of corrosion.This levelling process is carried out with SikaTransfloor® -352ST or
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Fig. E
Fig. F
3
2
1
1 Welding joint2 SikaTransfloor ®-352ST or SikaTransfloor ®-352SL levelling compound3 Metal deck4 Icosit® EG 1
Fig. H Fig. IFig. G
Application of Sikaflex®-298 Adhesive/Bedding Compound
Apply Sikaflex®-298 to the previously prepared surface and spread over the area to be
covered, using a spreader with e.g. 5 mm x 5 mm square notches. The exact quantity,
depends on the regularity of the surface; care should be taken that a continuous film of
ca 2mm of Sikaflex®-298 is applied to avoid the potential risk of water penetration through
the teak deck. (Figs. G,H)
The teak planks must be positioned accurately within 20 – 30 minutes after applying the
adhesive and pressed firmly into place. It is recommended that only a limited surface area
be applied that can be covered with teak within the time available. (Fig. I)
To fix and ensure that the planks are embedded without voids, clamps, weights or screws
(removable once the adhesive has set) must be used to secure the panel while the
adhesive sets. Alternatively, the vacuum press method may be used, e.g. prefabricated
teakdecks. After approx. 24 hours the panels can carry their full service load and the
temporary fastenings can be removed.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed from non porous substrate
with Sika® Remover-208. At no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205
be used for this purpose. From wooden surfaces leave uncured Sika sealants and
advesives to fully cure followed by mechanical removal.
208
Waiting time for subsequent operations: 10°C 48 h – 14 days20°C 24 h – 14 days30°C 14 h – 14 days
Primer chart for SikaTransfloor®-352 ST and SikaTransfloor®-352 SL deck levelling applications
4
hesive. It can be applied with a 3– 5 mm notched trowel at approxi-mately 1.5 – 2.6 litre per m2. Onlycover an area that will allow thedeck planking to be placed prior tothe skin formation of the adhesive (guide: approximately 30 minutes at20°C).Timber sections are secured in place such that intimate contact between the primed planks and Sikaflex® -298 is guaranteed e.g. bymechanical means or by balancedweight distribution. It is importantto achieve complete embedding of the timber planks and a final adhe-sive layer thickness of 1.5– 2.6mm.The amount of time needed to keepthe sections fixed during cure will vary depending on temperature, relative humidity and the amount or pressure involved to bring the plan-kings into place. As a rule straight
laid planking will only require 12hours of retention in temperaturesupwards of 18°C. Levelling is not required if e.g. the sub deck presentsgaps or indentations < 1– 1.5mm.Please consult the guidelines con-cerning preparation of substrates mentioned earlier and proceed withsanding the surface of cured Sika-Transfloor® -352 ST or SikaTrans-floor® -352 SL prior to the applica-tion of the bonding/bedding com-pound Sikaflex® -298 (see primerchart). During the time span betweencuring of the levelling compoundand the application of the beddingcompound the surface of SikaTrans-floor® -352 ST or SikaTransfloor® -352 SL must be kept free of soilingfrom footprints, dirt, dust, grease,fat, oil, etc. For the sanding proce-dure an appropriate belt-sander e.g.provided with an 80 grit paper fol-lowed by vacuum cleaning is required.
Instructions for the
Caulking of Teak Decks
Depending on the deck construc-tion and design, high movementsmay take place within the deck.When applied correctly Sikaflex® -290 DC will contain a total move-ment of 10% of the average appliedjoint width (i.e. 1.0 mm of move-ment/10 mm of joint width). Thismovement factor must be taken intoconsideration at the start of the job.
With bare timber, dimensions change not only because of thermalexpansion and contraction butmainly due to changes in moisturecontent.
Teak Typical 0.24% to 0.3% Typical 0.13% to 0.18%
Tangential shrinkage/swelling in %per 1% change in moisture content
Radial shrinkage/swelling in % per1% change in moisture content
For joints which are subject to large movement, please consult withSika’s Technical Service Department.
Dry/seasoned teak/timber has amoisture content of less than 12%.In service a bare timber boat deckcan vary in moisture content be-tween 5% and 20%.
Fig. D2
Steel also withshop primer
SandblastSika® Cleaner-208Icosit® EG 1
SandblastSika® Cleaner-208Icosit® EG 1
SikaTransfloor® -352STor SikaTransfloor® -352SL onto
Sikaflex® -298onto
Aluminium
SweepblastSika® Cleaner-208Icosit® EG 1
SweepblastSika® Cleaner-208Icosit® EG 1
GRP(polyester-based)
Abrade (80)Vacuum CleanSika® Primer-215
Scotch BriteSika® Cleaner-208Sika® Primer-215
Wood, plywood
Abrade (80)Vacuum CleanSika® Primer-290 DC
Vacuum CleanSika® Primer-290 DC
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I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
gun or a piston-driven airgun. Con-
tinue to pull the nozzle along the seam
so that the joint is filled behind the
nozzle always ensuring that a constant
motion is maintained. (Figs. M,P)
After application of Sikaflex®-290 DC
and before skinning occurs, tool the
excess material from the surface of
the deck using a slightly flexible spa-
tula at 45°. This ensures complete fill-
ing of the seam. (Fig. N)
Protect the joints prior, during and
after caulking from rain and direct
sunlight for a period of at least eight
hours. Do not use excess material
from the spatula for filling seams.
Sikaflex®-290 DC is ready for sanding
after seven days.
In order to achieve long-term adhesion
of Sikaflex®-290 DC to the sides of the
seams, a meticulous preparation of the
seams is required. All foreign material
must be removed and the seams must
be clean and dry prior to the applica-
tion of the primer.
Preparation of Substrate
Seams
Priming the planks is a vital step inthe process of caulking with Sika-flex® -290 DC. Priming may com-mence after thorough cleaning ofthe planks.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC to the seam edges.
Sika® Primer-290 DC can be brush- or
spray-applied in one coat to the seam
sides. Sika® Primer-290 DC is a film
former: The coating should therefore
look glossy, giving a “wet-look” even
when dry (Fig. K). Working tempera-
ture 5–35°C, r. h.: 75% max.
Drying time: Protect the primed area
against dust and rain, and leave the
primer to dry for at least one hour
before starting the deck caulking op-
eration. The allowable time between
priming and caulking is from 1h to 24
hours. If this period is exceeded,
repriming is required. Do not allow
puddles of primer to collect at the
bottom of the seam as bubble forma-
tion might result.
Fig. K
Application of the Bond
Breaker Tape
Sikaflex®-290 DC caulking compound
is designed to absorb the lateral move-
ments of the teak planks. To ensure
proper performance of the deck, it is
imperative that adhesion to the bottom
of the seam section is avoided. To en-
sure this, Sika bond breaker tape is ap-
plied to the bottom of the seam after
the primer has dried. (Fig. L).
Fig. L
290 DC
Plank width Seam width Seam depth (mm) (in) (mm) (in) (mm) (in)
35 13/8 4 5/32 4 to 5 3/16 – 1/4
45 13/4 4 to 5 5/32 – 3/16 6 1/4
50 2 5 to 6 3/16 – 1/4 6 1/4
75 3 8 5/16 7 9/32
100 4 10 13/32 8 5/16
125 5 12 2/3 10 13/32
The Sanding ProcessFollowing seven days curing thedeck is ready for sanding. For effective sanding results use anindustrial sander. It is recommendedto begin with a medium (80) progress-ing to a 120 grit or finer. Suitable sand-ers are beltsanders, flat plate sandersor elastically suspended sanders. Sanding should be along the directionof the seams in length. (Fig. O)
The Finishing TouchWe do not recommend the applica-tion of a finish to the exterior teakdeck as finishes contain solvents orplasticisers that can adversely affect
the cured Sikaflex® -290 DC or thedrying of the lacquer.
The MaintenanceIt is important to wet and rinse thedeck regularly with fresh water inorder to prevent drying out. Inwarm climates this procedureshould be carried out daily. The occasional use of a mild detergent(natural liquid soap) diluted in water should be kept to a minimum.Bleach and aggressive chemical cleaners should not be used.
AppendixPrefabricated teak decks often con-sist of a multilayer construction.The pores of the various woodqualities vary in structure and size,therefore the caulking compound isnot always able to expel the airpockets from the pores duringcaulking. As a result, small bubbleswithin the joint may surface duringcaulking. To avoid the developmentof these “ air” bubbles, we recom-mend tooling the joints using asmooth, slightly flexible spatula atan angle of 45° , expelling from thepores and allowing a perfect joint todevelop during cure.
Fig. N Fig. P
Application of Sikaflex®-
290 DC Deck Caulking
Compound
As soon as the bond breaker tapehas been applied and the primer isdry, deck caulking with Sikaflex® -290 DC may begin.
Before any work commences ensure
the temperature of the wood does not
exceed 25°C.
In addition, the operating temperature
during application should be constant
or falling and ideally within the range of
+5°C and +25°C.
Apply Sikaflex®-290 DC ensuring air is
prevented from entering the seam by
placing the tip of the nozzle against the
bottom and keeping the gun at an
angle of 60°–90°. Always use a hand
Considerable difficulties arisewhen incompletely seasoned tim-bers are used in deck construction.All deck timber must be thorough-ly air-seasoned with a moisturecontent below 12% to minimise theeffect of shrinkage of the timber inservice.When Sikaflex® is used the teakshould ideally be between 6 mmand 22 mm thick. Thinner deckingtends to curl at the edges with heatand moisture and causes the top ofthe caulked joint to open more thanthe recommended maximum +/–10%. This leads to rapid deteriora-tion of the caulking and of thebond to the timber.To prevent curv-ing at the edges the entire width ofthe plank should be bonded downwith Sikaflex® -298. Ideally, teakshould be radial/quarter sawn tominimise warping and timbershrinkage.It is imperative that the width ofthe seams be directly related to thewidth of the teak planks and to thedepth of the seam; guidelines are listed below.
For further information please
contact your local Sika Company
or get your copy of the Sika Appli-
cation Guidefor Bondingand Seal-
ing Systems in the Leisure Boat
and General Marine Industry.
Fig. M
Fig. O
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The Sanding ProcessFollowing seven days curing thedeck is ready for sanding. Prior tothat, however, excess cured Sika-flex® -290 DC should be removedwith a sharp chisel or knife. Thisprocedure will avoid excess pull onthe edges of the seams during thesubsequent sanding operation. Foreffective sanding results use an in-dustrial sander. It is recommendedto begin with a medium (80)progressing to a 120 grit or finer.Suitable sanders are belt-sanders,flat-plate sanders or elastically sus-pended sanders. Sanding should bealong the direction of the seams.
The Finishing TouchAlthough we do not recommend theapplication of a finish to the exter-ior teak deck, many boat ownersprefer to apply a lacquer finish tothe deck after sanding. Generallygreat care should be taken as fin-ishes contain solvents or plasticiserswhich can adversely affect the curedSikaflex® -290 DC or the drying ofthe lacquer. The following criteria
should always be taken into con-sideration:Never apply the lacquer finish to uncured Sikaflex® -290 DC. Waitingtime of at least one month beforeapplication of the finish is recom-mended.The compatibility of the lacquer should be evaluated on a smallsample area of the teak deck beforeapplication.Rigid lacquers have a negative effect on the elasticity of the joint and might cause loss of adhe-sion of the Sikaflex® -290 DC fromthe teak planks.
The MaintenanceIt is important to wet and rinse the deck regularly with fresh waterin order to prevent drying out. Inwarm climates this procedureshould be carried out on a daily basis. The occasional use of a milddetergent (natural liquid soap) diluted in water should be kept to aminimum. Bleach and aggressivechemical cleaners should not beused.
AppendixPrefabricated teak decks often con-sist of a multilayer construction,these are made of a plywood basisfor example, onto which a fine lay-er of teak is bonded. The base woodmight consist of various wood qua-lities; the pores in this “ wood” aredifferent in structure and size, there-fore the caulking compound is notalways in a position to expel the airpockets from the pores during caul-king. As a result small bubbles within the joint may surface duringcaulking. To avoid the developmentof these “ air” bubbles, we recom-mend tooling the joints using asmooth, slightly flexible spatula atan angle of 45° , expelling the “ air”from the pores and allowing a perfect joint to develop during cure.
For further information pleasecontact your local Sika Company.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
26
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Fig. A Fig. B Fig. C
Stainless Steel, e.g. Ladders
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine Scotch-Brite pad. Remove
the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrates with Sika®
Cleaner-205, using a clean, lint-free rag
or a paper towel. Change rag
frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or a
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Timber, Aluminium or Steel Coated with Two-Part Lacquer
Clean the substrates with Sika®
Cleaner-205, using a clean, lint-free rag
or a paper towel. Change rag
frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
Preparation of Substrate
Untreated Timber (Teak, Mahogany)
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100 grit) and
remove the dust with a vacuum
cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
GRP
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with water and then
with a pure solvent (Sika® Remover-
208) to remove the worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad (80/100 grit). Re-
move the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-215 (or Sika® Primer-210),
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.2 Bonding Timber Components
Description of the
Application
In yachts and pleasure craft as wellas in ocean-going ships, stairs, com-panionways and handrails are fre-quently made from tropical hard-wood, chosen both for their dur-ability and their attractive appear-ance. The use of screws to fix suchitems may eventually impair boththeir durability and their appear-ance e.g., due to moisture ingressvia the screw holes. For this reason,it is advisable to fix hardwood com-ponents with adhesives. The ab-sence of screw holes prevents waterfrom entering and damaging thetimber. This is of particular impor-tance in the construction of accom-modation ladders.
In addition, bonding offers otherbenefits. The adhesive layer helps to absorb the sound of footstepsand cushion vibrations. The integ-rity of painted surfaces can be preserved without loss of corrosionprotection, and the potentiallyharmful effects of moisture penetra-tion into GRP are eliminated.
Instructions for Bonding of Timber Components
28 29
Application of Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Place elastic spacers in position (thickness 2 mm, approximately of 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply Sikaflex®-292 to the proposed bond area. For a larger area a notched spreader
(4 x 4 mm) can be employed.
Assemble the components within 20 minutes of applying the adhesive.
Apply pressure with clamps or other fastening aids to compress the adhesive to the height
of the spacers. Excess adhesive squeezed out around the joint should be trimmed off with
a soft plastic spatula.
Note: Do not apply excessive clamping pressure. If screws are used for additional secur-
ity, these should only be tightened initially to secure the components while the adhesive
sets. Leave the assembly for 24 hours before finally tightening the screws.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
Clamps and other fastening aids can be removed after 12 hours.
Full service strength is attained after approximately 7 days.
Important:
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheetsobtainable through your local Sika Company.
205
210 T
205
208
205
290 DC
215
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Flat surfaces: Sikaflex®-298. Inclined surfaces: Sikaflex®-291
Apply the adhesive to the previously prepared surface and spread over the area to be
covered, using a spreader with 2 mm triangular notches. The thickness layer should be
0.5–1 mm approx.
The covering material must be placed in position within 30 minutes of applying the adhe-
sive, so the adhesive should be applied only to an area large enough to receive the section
of covering.
When the covering has been placed in position it should be rolled down with a rubber
roller, working from the centre outwards to expel any entrapped air and push any excess
adhesive out to the edges, where it can be removed. It is essential to ensure that no
trapped air remains.
Note: If the covering material is laid under tension, the edges must be held or suitably weighted.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
The covering material must be free
from release agents or other media
used in the production process. Use
MEK, Colma Cleaner, or another ap-
propriate solvent recommended by the
manufacturer. Perform a small test to
verify if the substrate is affected by the
solvent.
On non-porous coverings, the side
that is to be bonded should be cleaned
with Sika® Cleaner-205, using a clean,
lint-free rag or a paper towel. Change
rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
In case of covering materials showing
an open-pore structure or textured
weave finish, the only preparation
necessary is to ensure that the side to
be adhered to is completely dust-free.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.3 Bonding Anti-Slip Deck Coverings
Description of the
Application
Deck coverings or mats of syntheticresin composition provide a safe,non-slip surface to walk on as wellas protecting the deck against damage and leaks. The use of a one-part polyurethane adhesive maxi-mises the effectiveness of the cover-ing material, facilitates installationand ensures a professional finish.
Proprietary deck coverings in com-mon use include:
One-part polyurethane adhesivesgive excellent results with these products. Installation is simple andstraightforward, while the long-term performance characteristics ofthe adhesive offer a number of sig-nificant benefits.
Instructions for Bonding Anti-Slip Deck Coverings
Preparation of the
Deck Covering
Application of Sikaflex®-291/-298 Adhesive
30 31
Preparation of the
Substrate
GRP DecksHeavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad (Scotch Brite M
600). Remove the dust with a vacuum
cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Timber DecksAbrade the contact area on the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100 grit) and re-
move the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium Decks, Coated with Two-Part Lacquer
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
208
Note
Due to the many variations of deckcoverings, a test to check for subse-quent adhesion is always recom-mended.
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheetsobtainable through your local Sika Company.
205
205
290 DC
205
T B S Anti-slideTreadmaster Lay TechPolygrip NautoflexNorament FloormasterMarine Deck 2000 Gates Rubber Co.etc.
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Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or a
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium Fittings
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad (Scotch-Brite M
600).
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or a
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
Preparation of Substrate
Timber Decks
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100 grit) and re-
move the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium Decks (Painted)
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Bronze, Brass or Stainless Steel Fittings
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.4 Bedding and Sealing of Fittingsand Hardware
Description and
Application
All kinds of deck fittings and hard-ware need to be securely fixed andtotally watertight. Some of thesefittings are also subjected, on occa-sion, to very high forces and tor-sional stresses.Poorly sealed joints can eventuallyresult in serious damage such asmetal corrosion, osmosis and waterleaks causing damage to interiorfurnishings and fittings.
Bedding and Sealing of
Fittings Subject to High
Mechanical Stresses
Deck fittings such as chain plates,winches and guide rollers have toabsorb very high dynamic stresses.For this purpose a high-perform-ance product, such as Sikaflex® -292, should be used in conjunctionwith additional mechanical fixa-tion.
Bedding and Sealing of
Fittings Subject to Minimal
Mechanical Stresses
Deck fittings such as ventilators,cover strips, etc. need to be sealedagainst entry of water, but they are
not subject to high tensile stresses.Such fittings can be effectively beddedand sealed with only Sikaflex® -291.
Important Note
It is vital to ensure that the adhesiveis not simply squeezed out againwhen the fixing screws are pulledup tight. To prevent this happening,shims approx. 1 mm thick shouldbe threaded over the screws on theunderside of the fitting to act asspacers. The screw holes themselvesshould also be filled with sealantprior to fixing.
Spacing the fitting off the deck by 2– 3 mm in this way also facilitatesits removal at a later date. Especial-ly, to allow a cutting wire or knifeblade to be inserted between thebase of the fitting and the deck.
Instructions for Bedding and Sealing Fittings and Hardware
Application of Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Sikaflex®-292 should be applied to the deck and to the fixing screw holes in a bead shape
of the required thickness. The fitting is then pressed into position.
The fixing screws should be tightened sufficiently to pull the fitting down on to the spacers,
but no more. Use a plastic spatula to remove excess sealant squeezed out around the
edges. After 24 hours tighten the screws.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
32 33
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheets obtainable through your local Sika Company.
290 DC
205
205
210 T
205
210 T
208
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Fig A
34 35
Preparation of the
Substrate
GRPHeavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint free-rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-215 or Sika® Primer-206 G+P,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.5 Flybridge Bonding
Many modern motor yachts employthe use of flybridge designs. Con-ventional fixing methods such asmechanical fixings or rigid adhe-sives allow concentrations of peakstress and/or breaching of the sub-strate leading to possible moistureingress damage.Bonding of flybridge constructionsusing flexible adhesive systems en-sures an even distribution of stresswhilst optimising resistance to im-pact and fatigue effects.
Instructions for Flybridge Bonding
Application of
Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Place elastic spacers in position
(thickness 3 mm, approximately
of 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply Sikaflex®-292 in an 8 mm
x 10 mm triangular profile around
the entire periphery of the fly-
bridge. Depending on expected
size of load an additional bead
may be required. (Fig. A)
Assemble the components
within 20 minutes of applying
adhesive.
Apply pressure with clamps or
other fastening aids to com-
press adhesive to the height of
the spacers.
Traces of uncured Sika ad-
hesives or sealants may be
removed with Sika® Remover-
208. On no account should
other cleaning agents or Sika®
Cleaner-205 be used for this
purpose.
Clamps and other fastening aids
can be removed after 12 hours.
Full service strength is attained
after approximately 7 days.
Important
Please refer to the current SikaTechnical Data Sheets and SafetyData Sheets obtainable throughyour local Sika Company.
205
208
206 G+P/215
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Fig. A
4.6 Bonding of Rub Rails and Fenders
Description of the
Application
Rub rails and fenders are designedto protect the hull of a ship or boatagainst damage. These act as abumper to absorb impacts and scrapes, and the more elastic theseare, the more effectively the per-formance of this function.
The elastic behaviour varies accord-ing to the type of material used.The shock-absorbing performanceof the rub rail is significantly im-proved by the use of an elastic ad-hesive joint. This affords maximumprotection to the hull.
Rub rails of conventional timber,PVC or polyurethane constructioncan be securely bonded to marinehulls using Sikaflex® -292. The re-sulting elastic joint helps to absorbmost of the shear and tensile stresses to which rub rails are subjected when a vessel is dockingor casting off.
Timber Rub Rails
Abrade the contact area of the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100grit) and re-
move the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Moulded PVC or Polyurethane Rub Rails
The bond face of the rub rails must be
free from mould release agents or
other chemical contaminants. All
traces of such substances must be
removed prior to proceeding.
Abrade the bond face of the rub rail
with coarse sand paper (60/80 grit) to
key the surface.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Instructions for Bonding of
Rub Rails to the Hull
Preparation of the
Substrate
GRP Hulls
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Finished Painted Hulls of Aluminium or Steel,Coated with a Two-Part Lacquer
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Application of Sikaflex®-292
or Sikaflex®-291 Adhesive/SealantPlace the elastic spacers in position (thickness 2 mm, approximately 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply Sikaflex®-292 (or Sikaflex®-291 if rub rails are to be secured using additional
mechanical fixation) in an 8 mm x10 mm triangular bead to the proposed bond area. (Fig. A)
Assemble the components within 20 minutes of applying the adhesive.
Press the rub rail into place, either directly onto the face of the hull or fitted over the core-
profile. Use clamps, etc. to hold the rub rail in position while the adhesive sets. If the rub rail
is to be secured with mechanical fixings, any holes should also be filled with adhesive.
Clamps and other fastening aids can be removed after 24 hours.
Full service strength is attained after approximately 7 days.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
In case of rub rails secured withscrews, a similar effect can be ob-tained by backfilling the rail profilewith Sikaflex® -291, a highly elasticpolyurethane sealant. As well as ab-sorbing torsional stresses, this tech-nology also seals the screw holesand prevents the ingress of water ordirt behind the rub rail.
36 37
Important Note
If you do not know what materialyour rub rails are made from, plea-se check with your supplier.
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety DataSheets obtainable through your local Sika Company.
205
290 DC
205
208
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
206 G+P/215
205
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Instructions for Deck-to-
Hull Bonding
Preparation of Substrates
Aluminium
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade contact area with a very
fine sanding pad. Remove dust with a
vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrates with Sika® Clean-
er-205, using a clean, lint-free rag or
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coating of
Sika® Primer-210T, using a clean brush
or felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For bonding painted aluminium please
contact your local Sika Company
GRP
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade contact area with a very
fine sanding pad. Remove dust with a
vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrates with Sika® Clean-
er-205, using a clean, lint-free rag or
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes, ma-
ximum 24 hours.
I n s t r u c t i o n f o r t h e u s e o f S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.7 Deck-to-Hull Bonding
Introduction
In the construction process of GRPboats one of the options is to designdeck and hull as one integral unit.Another option is to fabricate thehull shell separately from the deckshell and marry the two parts at alater point in the assembly process. Both options have their advantagesand disadvantages.However, once it has been decidedto manufacture the deck apart fromthe hull, an economical, safe and sound method of bringing andkeeping the two parts together forthe life time of the vessel operatingunder the most demanding condi-tions, has to be developed.
Description of the
Application
In order to bridge the inherent di-mensional tolerances of the hull andits accompanying deckshell, bond-ing with Sikaflex® adhesives repre-sents a most elegant solution. The“ marrying” of the two parts, whichmight consist of GRP for both sub-strates or in a “ mixed” build of alu-minium and GRP, requires a minim-um of mechanical fixations.With lifeboats of GRP and alumin-ium construction or sailing yachtsof a pure GRP construction, it hasbecome standard practice to assemblethe deck and the hull shells usingone-part polyurethane adhesiveswhich form a strong, tough, elastic,long- lasting and leakproof bond.
Fig. A
Fig. B
Fig. D
210 T
205
205
206 G+P/215
Application of Adhesive
It is vital to check the accuracy ofthe fit before applying the adhesive,so that the parts do not have to beseparated again once they havebeen brought together.
Place spacers in position
(thickness at least 4 mm,: ap-
proximately 50 Shore A hard-
ness). These can alternatively be
pressed into the adhesive once
applied.
Apply Sikaflex®-292 (Fig.A) or a
boostered Sikaflex® System onto
the entire periphery of the hull
(depending on the width of the
bond face, a minimum of three
beads of Sikaflex®-292 should be
applied. The adhesive bead must
be carried continuously around
any cut-outs or clearance holes
(eg. for deck stanchions, pipes,
chain plates) to maintain the in-
tegrity of the watertight joint.
(Fig. B)
Assemble components within
20 minutes of applying adhesive.
(Fig. C)
Apply pressure with clamps or
other fastening aids to compress
adhesive to the height of the
spacers. (Fig. D)
Clamps and other fastening aids
can be removed after 24 hours.
Full service strength is attained
after approximately 7 days.
Traces of uncured Sika® adhe-
sivesor sealants may be removed
with Sika® Remover-208. On no
account should other cleaning
agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be
used for this purpose. Important
Please refer to the current Sika
Technical Data Sheets and Safety
Data Sheets to be obtained from your
local Sika Company.
208
Adhesive technology offers a num-ber of significant benefits in thistype of application. It eliminatesthe need for laborious GRP lamina-tion work, while the gap-fillingproperties of the adhesive permitlarger manufacturing tolerances ofthe moulding of hull and deckshells. The adhesive layer absorbstorsional stresses and impactshocks, and seals the joint againstthe ingress of water simoultane-ously.
Fig. C
38 39
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4.8 Keel-to-Hull Joints
Description of the
Application
The joint between keel and hull issubjected to very high stresses, par-ticularly when a boat is under sailor if it runs aground.
This critical joint must be designedand executed with great care towithstand these stresses.
The joint between the keel and thehull is particularly prone to leaks,which manifest themselves in theform of rust streaking and stainingon the keel when the boat is removedfrom the water.
Instructions for Making
Keel-to-Hull Joints
Preparation of
the Substrate
Aluminium Hulls
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or a
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
GRP Hulls
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade contact area with a very
fine sanding pad. Remove the dust
with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Timber Hulls
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with a sanding pad (80/100 grit) and
remove the dust with a vacuum
cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Steel Hulls, Coated with Two-Part CorrosionProtection Coating
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applica-tions.
Important Note
The bond face on the keel and thehull must also be wiped down withSika® Cleaner-205. In case of leadkeels, the contact area must additio-nally be given a coating with a two-part epoxy resin-based protectivepaint.Drying time: 24 hours mini-mum.
Bild 23
Application of Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Place elastic spacers in position (thickness 10 mm, approximately 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply Sikaflex®-292 in 20–25-mm-high triangular profiles. Each bead must form a con-
tinuous, closed ring, with no gaps. The same applies to the beads around the bolt holes.
The keel is then lifted into position, observing carefully the open time of Sikaflex®-292 and
pulled up on the keel bolts as far as the spacer blocks. The adhesive that is squeezed out
of the joint can be tooled to a smooth finish.
After three or four days, the keel bolts can be tightened to their full torque rating. The ad-
ditional pressure thereby exerted on the adhesive gives the joint between keel and hull the
required degree of torsional stiffness. When the adhesive has fully hardened, the sealed
joint can be overpainted in the normal way with any good quality anti-fouling paint. The
sealed joint absorbs the dynamic stresses generated in this area and forms a totally water-
tight bond between keel and hull.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety DataSheets obtainable through your local Sika Company.
40 41
Bow thruster sealing
210 T
205
205
290 DC
205
208
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
206 G+P/215
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I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.9 Bonding and Sealing Organic“Glass” Windows
Description of Application
Most of the plastic glazing mater-ials used in boat building are eitherclear acrylic sheet (PMMA), widelymarketed under trade names suchas “ Perspex” and “ Plexiglas” (thelatter manufactured by Rohm andHaas), or polycarbonate (PC), mar-keted by Rohm GmbH as “ Ma-krolon” and by General Electric as“ Lexan” or “ Margard” .
All plastic glazing products possesscertain characteristics that must beclearly understood before these pro-ducts are installed or bonded withadhesives. In general, incorrectlyinstalled plastic glazing panels areprone to stress cracking, which maybe aggravated by the use of certaintypes of adhesives.
Plastic glazing products have ahigher coefficient of thermal expan-sion than conventional glass. There-fore, when designing glazing instal-lations, an expansion gap of at least10 mm all round the periphery must
be incorporated between the win-dow rebate and the plastic glazingpanel to accommodate thermal movement. Similarly, any clearanceholes for fixing screws must bedrilled oversize, i.e. larger than theactual diameter of the screw shank.
To minimise the risk of stresscracking, flat sheets of plastic glaz-ing material should be installedcompletely flat; they should not beforced to take up a curvature by theuse of mechanical fastenings. Whenthe design calls for curved glazingpanels, these should be prefabri-cated to order and properly tem-pered by a specialist supplier to en-sure stress-free installation.
As many varieties of organic glassexist it is recommended to ensurethat the specific grade selected issuitable for use with Sikaflex® -295 UV. For further details contactyour local Sika Company.
1 Flange2 Window3 Sikaflex®-295 UV 4 Sikaflex®-295 UV 5 Sika® UV Shielding Tape
3
2
5
1
4
Instructions for Bonding and Sealing Organic “Glass” Windows
42 43
Preparation of Substrate
GRP Frame
Lightly abrade contact area with a very
fine sanding pad. Remove dust with a
vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Anodised Aluminium Frame
Clean with Sika® Cleaner-205, using a
clean, lint-free rag or paper towel.
Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
PMMA / PC Glazing Panels
Mask off perimeter bond area with
masking tape. Abrade bond area with
abrasive paper or Scotch-Brite.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-209, using a clean brush or felt
applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Timber or Aluminium Frame Coated with Two-Part Lacquer
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
Largest dimension of the window (m)
Join
t th
ickn
ess
(mm
)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
24
68
10
insufficientjoint thickness
Fig. CFig. BFig. A
205 205
205
205
210 T
209
ok
206 G+P/215
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44 45
O = Overlap
3
21
1 UV protection2 Sikaflex®-295 UV3 Window
Minimum Recommendations for UV Protection of the Bondd
Sika RuleO = 2 x dExample: if d=8 mm, the overlap
should be at least 16 mm.
d=Thickness of the window
Application of Sikaflex®-295 UV Adhesive
Place spacers in position. Depending on the size of the glazing panel, the thickness of the
spacer should be chosen accordingly; approximately 30 Shore A hardness (see diagram). Avoid interruption of the bead by the spacers.
Apply Sikaflex®-295 UV to the frame rebate or glazing panel using a triangular nozzle.
Bead width 10 mm minimum. (Fig. B)
Assemble components within 20 minutes of applying the adhesive.
To prevent slip down of vertical glazing panels, distance blocks (wood or plastic) must be
placed in the lower rebate during installation. After curing, these must be removed. The
rebate gap must be a minimum of 10 mm (see diagram).
Clamps and other fastening aids can be removed after 24 hours. After this time, the expan-
sion gap between glazing panel and rebate can be filled and sealed with Sikaflex®-295 UV.
This should be done only when the glazing adhesive has reached full cure. This sealant
joint can be tooled to a smooth finish using Sika® Tooling Agent N. This must be carried out
before skinning of the sealant.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
Apply Sika® UV Shielding Tape to cover the bondline in accordance with Sika recommen-
dation. (Fig. C)
Important:
Please refer to the current Sika Tech-nical Data Sheets and Safety Data
Sheets obtainable through your local Sika Company.
Protection of the Bond
As with conventional glass, plasticglazing panels generally do not pro-tect the adhesive face from damageby UV radiation. Therefore, the
bondline must be protected fromdirect sunlight via one of themethods recommended.
Edge Sealing of Window
Commonly, the edge of the windowwill be cosmetically finished withSikaflex® materials. The prepara-tion of the surfaces must be iden-tical to that used for bonding. Edgesealing both ensures the preventionof standing water on or near thebond and helps cosmetically finishthe window. Fill up joint complete-ly, avoid space between adhesivebead and joint. For plastic windowpanels Sikaflex® -295 UV must beused in accordance with the dia-gram.
N
208
Largest window dimension (m)
Min
imal
join
t w
idth
(mm
)
0 1 2 3
48
1216
ok
too small
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.10 Bonding and Sealing Mineral “Glass” Windows
Description of Application
The direct glazing of mineral glass(toughened security glass) intoframes or directly into the hull ordeck, requires a full understandingof all the important principles in-volved.
It is essential that the glass meets allthe demands and standards re-quired for the intended application.For insulation glass, total bondingconsistency must be ensuredthrough the use of Sikaflex® adhe-sives and sealants for all theinstallation. We recommend glassqualities especially developed forthe marine industry, for exampleFormglas Spezial by H. J. TilseGmbH Ind. und Schiffstechnik. The polyurethane adhesive bondface must also be protected againstUV radiation. This may be achievedwith several materials:
Using a black, ceramic coated bor-der with a light transmission of lessthan 0.01%. Or by using an over-lapping trim with a width twice thatof the glass thickness (plastic or metal).
For glass without a black, ceramiccoated border or without the over-lapping trim Sika® UV ShieldingTape should be used for proper pro-tection of the bond line (plastic ormetal).
Note
Local and international rules formaritime constructions and appro-priate legislation must always beobserved.
Fig. D
Fig. E1
Fig. E2
Plastic window with a low trans-mission (<0.5%) in UV rangeExternal cover strip of appro-priate dimensionsSika® UV Shielding Tape ofappropriate dimensions
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46 47
Instructions for Bonding
and Sealing Mineral Glass
Windows
Preparation of Substrate
Glass (with external UV protection) or withBlack Ceramic Glass Border (transmission < 0.01%)
Clean the substrate with Sika® Activator,
using a clean, lint-free rag or paper
towel. Change rag frequently! (Fig. D)
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Glass with black Ceramic Glass Border(transmission > 0.01%)
Clean the substrate with Sika® Activator,
using a clean, lint-free rag or paper
towel. Change rag frequently! (Fig. D)
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of
Sika® Primer-206 G+P, using a clean
brush or felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For the preparation of the frame,please refer to the Primer Chart forSika Marine Applications.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
Application of Sikaflex®-296 Adhesive
Place spacers in position. The thickness of the spacer should be a minimum of 5 mm
approximately 30 Shore A hardness (according to diagram). Avoid interruption of the bead
by the spacers.
Apply Sikaflex®-296 to the frame rebate or glazing panel using a triangular nozzle of bead
width 10 mm minimum. (Fig. E1)
Assemble components within 20 minutes of applying adhesive.
To prevent slip down of vertical glazing panels, distance blocks (wood or plastic) must be
placed in the lower rebate during installation. After curing, these must be removed. The
rebate gap must be a minimum of 10 mm. (see diagram)
Clamps and other fastening aids can be removed after 24 hours. After this time, the expan-
sion gap between glazing panel and rebate can be filled and sealed with Sikaflex®-296 or
Sikaflex®-295 UV (Fig. E1, E2). This should be done only when the glazing
adhesive has reached full cure. This sealant joint is tooled to a smooth finish using Sika®
Tooling Agent N. This must be carried out before skinning of the sealant. Fill up joint
completely, avoid space between adhesive bead and joint.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
Service of the vessel can be resumed after one week.
Solution I1 Mineral glass2 Ceramic coating3 Sikaflex®-2964 Flange
Solution II1 Mineral glass2 Ceramic coating3 Sikaflex®-2964 Flange5 Edge Protection
3
21
4
3
2
4
1
5
SA
SA
Largest window dimension (m)
Min
imal
join
t w
idth
(mm
)
0 1 2 3
48
1216
ok
too small
Largest dimension of the glass (m)
Min
imal
ad
hesi
ve t
hick
ness
(mm
)
0 1 2 3
46
810
ok
too small
Glass Window Dimensioning Joint width
Glass Window Dimensioning Adhesive thickness
Dimensioning of Adhesive
and Sealant
The dimensioning of the adhesiveand the joint geometry must be car-ried out in accordance with Sika’sbasic rules of calculation. If deckmovement is negligible the follow-ing dimensions are recommended.At all times recommendations fromclassification societies must be re-spected.
Protection of the Bondline
Conventional glass does not protectthe adhesive face from damage byUV radiation. Therefore, the bondface must be protected from directsunlight via one of the materialsrecommended below.
External cover strip of appro-priate dimensionsSika® UV Shielding Tape of ap-propriate dimensionsCeramic coated glass borderwith a light transmission valueof <0.01%
Joint width
Adhesive thickness
Joint widthWidth of the adhesive12mm to 20mm
O = Overlap
3
21
1 UV protection2 Sikaflex®-2963 Window
Minimum Recommendations for UV Protection of the Bondd
Sika RuleO = 2 x dExample: if d=8mm, the overlap
should be at least 16mm.
d=Thickness of the window
Aluminium
Steel
206 G+P
N
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I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.12 Bonding of Decorative Panels and Work Surfaces
Description of the
Application
The interiors of many boats are often based on a variety of trad-itional and modern materials in-cluding mirrored glass, Avonite® ,Corian® , etc. These panels may beused purely for cosmetic reasons orfunction as working surfaces (galleyworktops, etc.); either way, elasticbonding provides an easy, durablemethod of fixing without visibleand unsightly mechanical fixations.
As the variety of materials used forpanels, surfaces and supportingsubstrates is so vast, for surface preparation please consult thePrimer Chart for Sika Marine Ap-plications.In case one of the substrates is un-known, pretrials to check adhesionassuring the correct preparation ofthe surface are mandatory.Please consult with your local SikaCompany.
1 Support2 Decorative panel3 Sikaflex®-2984 Sikaflex®-291
1 Support2 Spacer3 Sikaflex®-2924 Decorative panel
3
4 2
1
4
3
1
48 49
4.11 Sealing of Sacrificial Anodes
Description of the
Application
Sacrificial anodes are blocks of basemetal fixed to steel hulls to help re-duce the rate of corrosion from gal-vanic effects. Sacrificial anodes areattached to the steel hull by fixingthese mechanically from the inside.The anodes must therefore be sealed from the outside to protectagainst water ingress. This can besuccessfully achieved usingSikaflex® -291.
Application of
Sikaflex®-291 Sealant
Sikaflex®-291 should be applied
around the hole and the bolt in
a fillet around all the edges of
the fixing once it is securely
fastened. Use a plastic spatula
to remove excess sealant
squeezed out around the edges.
Traces of uncured Sika adhe-
sives or sealants may be re-
moved with Sika® Remover-208.
On no account should other
cleaning agents or Sika®
Cleaner-205 be used for this
purpose.
Instructions for Sealing of
Sacrificial Anodes
Preparation of
the Substrate
Steel Hull
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Note
Due to the many potential variati-ons in substrates, please refer to thePrimer Chart for Sika Marine Ap-plications.
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheetsobtainable through your local Sika Company.
Application of Sikaflex® Adhesives
Place spacers in position (thickness typically 3 mm,: approximately 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply parallel beads of Sikaflex®-292 at e.g. 60 mm each in an 8 mm x 10 mm triangular
bead shape.
Assemble the components within 20 minutes of applying the adhesive.
Panels, if required, may be held in place during cure by clamps, support brackets, or by
the use of SikaTack®-Panel Tape.
Clamps and other fastening aids can be removed after 24 hours.
Full service strength is attained after approximately 7 days.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
Instructions for Bonding of Decorative Panels
Vertical Panels
Flat surfaces: Sikaflex®-298. Inclined surfaces: Sikaflex®-291
Apply adhesive to the previously prepared surface and spread over the area to be covered,
using a spreader with 4-mm triangular notches. The bed thickness may vary depending on
the thickness of any gap that needs to be filled (normally 1–2 mm).
The deck panel must be positioned accurately within the tack free time of the adhesive and
pressed firmly into place to avoid air-entrapment.
Clamps, weights or screws (removable once the adhesive has set) can be used to secure
the panel while the adhesive sets. Alternatively, the vacuum press method may be em-
ployed. After approx. 24 hours the panels can carry their full service load and the tempor-
ary fastenings can be removed. In case vapour-tight substrates are employed, spray a fine
mist (ca. 10 g/m2) onto the Sikaflex®-298 surface to ensure faster curing.
Horizontal Panels
205
208
208
2
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheetsobtainable through your local Sika Company.
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attack by the elements. As the deckdoes not have to be drilled forscrews or bolts, there are no holesthrough which water could pene-trate and cause damage.
43
21
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.13 Bonding of Deck Panels and FeatureDecks
Preparation of
the Substrate
Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Decks
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Description of the
Application
In modern boats, timber decking isfrequently constructed in the formof prefabricated panels laid over thestructural deck. This method is fa-voured for reasons of cost.
These panels generally consist of amarine grade, WBP-bonded ply-wood backing with strips of teak orOregon pine bonded or glued to theface. Alternatively, they may consistof teak planking held together by afew layers of glass fibre sheet im-pregnated with epoxy resin. Theseare available either in standardboard sizes or as made-to-measuredeck sections cut and machined to atemplate.
Another type of prefabricated panelconsists of teak planking with rub-ber jointing strips and no plywoodbacking.
One-part elastic polyurethane ad-hesives are ideal for bonding thesepanels to the deck. One-part poly-urethanes are resistant to sea water,they possess excellent gap fillingproperties, and no additionalmechanical fastenings are needed.Once cured, the adhesive bond is extremely strong, permanently elastic and waterproof.
Because it is waterproof and ap-plied to the total surface of thedeck, the adhesive acts as an addi-tional skin to protect the deck from
50 51
Timber Decks
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with sanding pad (80/100 grit) and re-
move the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium or Steel Decks, Coated with Two-Part Lacquer
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Epoxy-Backed Deck Panels
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-215, using a clean brush or a
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Application of
Sikaflex®-298 or
Sikaflex®-291
Adhesive
ImportantPlease refer to the current SikaTechnical Data Sheets and Sa-fety Data Sheets.
205
215
205
205
290 DC
206 G+P/215
Flat surfaces: Sikaflex®-298.
Inclined surfaces: Sikaflex®-291
Apply the adhesive to the pre-
viously prepared surface and
spread over the area to be
covered, using a spreader with
4-mm triangular notches. The
bed thickness may vary depend-
ing on the thickness of any gap
that needs to be filled (normally
1–2 mm corresponding to 1–2
litres of adhesive per m2).
The deck panel must be posit-
ioned accurately within the tack
free time of the adhesive and
pressed firmly into place.
Traces of uncured Sika adhe-
sives or sealants may be re-
moved with Sika® Remover-208.
On no account should other
cleaning agents or Sika® Clean-
er-205 be used for this purpose.
Clamps, weights or screws (re-
movable once the adhesive has
set) must be used to secure the
panel while the adhesive sets.
Alternatively, the vacuum press
method may be used.
After approx. 24 hours the
panels can carry their full service
load and the temporary fas-
tenings can be removed.
208
1 Sikaflex®-290 DC2 Feature deck panel3 Sikaflex®-2984 Deck
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3
2
14
Fig. A
Fig. B Fig. C
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.14 Sealing of High-UV-Risk Areas 4.15 Bonding of Lightweight Internal Partitions
Description of the
Application
These lightweight panels are generally constructed of woodsandwiches with an internalpolyurethane foam or honeycombcore, and are used as partitions forcabins and technical rooms with theadvantage of weight reduction andnoise absorption. Due to the low density core, light-weight panels cannot be mechani-cally fixed to the hull structures, asis done with traditional plywoodpanels. It is therefore recommendedto bond these panels using Sika-flex® -292. This process is also en-dorsed by the manufacturers of theselightweight panels. (Figs. A, B, C)
Application of
Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Dry fit the panels to ensure an
accurate fit and correct dimen-
sioning. Once satisfied, place
the spacers in position (thick-
ness typically 3 mm, approxi-
mately 50 Shore A hardness).
Apply Sikaflex®-292 to the ap-
propriate bond face in an 8 mm x
10 mm triangular bead.
Assemble the components with-
in 20 minutes of applying the
adhesive.
Panels, if required, may be held
in place during cure by clamps
or support brackets.
Clamps and other fastening aids
can be removed after 24 hours.
Traces of uncured Sika adhe-
sives or sealants may be removed
with Sika® Remover-208. On no
account should other cleaning
agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be
used for this purpose.
1 Partition2 Trim3 Sikaflex®-2924 Support
52 53
Description of the
Application
On modern ships, yachts and motorboats the joints between differentmaterials must be sealed to protectagainst water ingress, corrosion,etc. In addition, they must also sup-ply an aesthetic finish to the joint.
High-performance sealant jointscan be made with conventional one-component, polyurethane-basedsystems, which, due to their excel-lent adhesion to various substrates,allow permanent elasticity and re-sistance against water ingress andcorrosion.
Conventional polyurethane sealants,however, exhibit some sensitivity toUV radiation. After prolonged periods of exposure the joint mayexhibit fine cracks and degradationof the surface. This does not detractfrom the sealing properties, as it isonly a surface effect. If a durablesurface aspect is required, the use ofa specifically formulated, UV-resist-ant polyurethane should be pro-moted.
Most ships and particularly luxuryyachts and vessels require a largenumber of such joints and hence
require the use of a high-durabilitysealant. Sikaflex® -295 UV (Fig. A),in white or black, provides excellentresistance against solar UV radia-tion and sea water attack, the whitegrade is also providing superior nonyellowing characteristics.Sikaflex® -295 UV is therefore par-ticularly suited for sealing suchareas as deck fittings, hatches, win-dow rebates, etc.
Instructions for
Performing UV-Resistant
Sealing Applications
Preparation of
the Substrate
Wood
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with sanding pad (80/100 grit) and the
remove dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Aluminium and Stainless Steel
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Acrylic and Polyurethane-Based Paint
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
GRPLightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
Application of
Sikaflex®-295 UV Adhesive
Sikaflex®-295 UV should be ap-
plied to the joint in a bead of the re-
quired dimensions taking care to
avoid air entrapment.
Use a plastic spatula to remove ex-
cess sealant squeezed out around
the edges. Tool to a smooth finish
within the tack-free time of the
sealant using Sika® Tooling Agent N.
Traces of uncured Sika adhe-
sives or sealants may be removed
with Sika® Remover-208. On no
account should other cleaning
agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be
used for this purpose.
Note
Instructions for the use of this speci-fically formulated, UV-resistant pro-ducts such as Sikaflex® -295 UV donot apply in situations where UV ra-diation may directly attack the bondfaces, e.g. transparent substrates.Please consult the specific instruc-tions for these applications.Sikaflex® -295 UV is not suitable forteak deck caulking either.
Fig. A
Instructions for Bonding
of Lightweight Internal
Partitions
Preparation of
the Substrate
GRP Hull
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-206 G+P or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Wooden Hull and Partition Panels
Abrade the contact area on the hull
with sanding pad (80/100 grit) and
remove the dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-290 DC, using a clean brush or
a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 60 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
290 DC
205
205
205
205
208
290 DC
208
206 G+P/215
206 G+P/215
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Tech-nical Data Sheets and Safety DataSheets, obtainable through your lo-cal Sika Company.
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Tech-nical Data Sheets and Safety DataSheets, obtainable through your lo-cal Sika Company.
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caulking materials because modernpaint systems are not compatiblewith pitch or other bituminous products.
Through the restoration of traditional“ old-timers” (Dutch flat-bottomedboats, motor steam launches, etc.) anew method for caulking and sealingjoints above and below the waterlinehas beeen developed:
The tried and tested range of Sika-flex® ‚ Marine products have provento be ideal for this application.These modern products can be sanded and overpainted withoutany problem.
to the hull ribs – in other words,once the hull is fully planked – theprocess of caulking of the jointscan begin. This is done by driving a cotton yarn or twist into thejoints, which forces the joints toslightly part. The caulked jointsare then filled with a sealing com-pound-pitch below the waterlineand a linseed-oil putty above thewaterline.
When the boat is placed in the water the planks swell slightly, applying pressure to the caulkedjoints and thus making the hullcompletely watertight.
If a wooden-planked hull is out ofthe water for any length of time, theplanks dry out and the joints openup again. The open joints cannot be resealed with the traditional
32
1
Fig. A
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.16 Bonding of Anti-Slip Platesfor Engine Rooms
Description of the
Application
Anti-slip plates used in technical,storage or engine rooms are trad-itionally fixed by rivets or other mechanical fixings. Being in an areawhich is subjected to a intense vi-bration, these soon become looseand a large amount of repair workis usually required. The use of elas-tic bonding technology allows abetter distribution of the stresses,thus avoiding the need for repairwork (Fig. A). In addition, fixationand sealing of plates can be achieved in a single operation.
1 Anti-slip plate2 Sikaflex®-2923 Floor structure
(GRP or steel)
Application of the Sikaflex®-292 Adhesive
Place the spacers in position (thickness 2 mm, approximately 50 Shore A hardness). These
can be pressed into the adhesive once applied.
Apply to parallel rows beads of Sikaflex®-292 in an 8 mm x 10 mm triangular profile.
Assemble the components within 20 minutes of applying the adhesive.
Apply pressure with weights or other fastening aids to compress the adhesive to
the height of the spacers.
Wait at least 24 hours before walking on the bonded plates.
Traces of uncured Sika adhesives or sealants may be removed with Sika® Remover-208. On
no account should other cleaning agents or Sika® Cleaner-205 be used for this purpose.
54
Instructions for Bonding
of Anti-Slip Plates
Preparation of
the Substrate
GRP Floor
Heavily soiled surfaces should be
cleaned off first with a pure solvent
(Sika® Remover-208) to remove the
worst of the soiling.
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T or Sika® Primer-215,
using a clean brush or a felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
Steel Floor
Mechanically clean the surface by
sandblasting to SA 1.5. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Remover-
208, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a continuous coat of Sika Icosit®
EG 1 (two-component, anti-corrosion
primer).
Drying time: minimum 14 hours,
maximum 96 hours.
Aluminium Anti-Slip Plate
Lightly abrade the contact area with a
very fine sanding pad. Remove the
dust with a vacuum cleaner.
Clean the substrate with Sika® Cleaner-
205, using a clean, lint-free rag or a
paper towel. Change rag frequently!
Drying time: minimum 10 minutes,
maximum 2 hours.
Apply a thin, continuous coat of Sika®
Primer-210 T, using a clean brush or
felt applicator.
Drying time: minimum 30 minutes,
maximum 24 hours.
For the preparation of other sub-strates, please refer to the PrimerChart for Sika Marine Applications.
205
205
210 T
208
208
EG 1
210 T/215
EG 1
Important
Please refer to the current Sika Technical Data Sheets and Safety Data Sheetsobtainable through your local Sika Company.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
4.17 Caulking and Sealing of WoodenPlanking on Boat Hulls
Description of the
Application
The traditional practice in woodenboat construction since ancient times is to cut and fit the plankingof the hull so that the joints betweenadjacent planks and between theplank ends and the stem and sternposts can be caulked from the out-side. Since a tight butt fit betweenplanks can never be guaranteed, theedges of the planks are chamferedto leave an open V-groove on theoutside, which is subsequentlycaulked to form a watertight joint.Planks that are steam-formed, i.e.made pliable by hot steam and thenpressed against the hull ribs, have tofit accurately the first time. Thesecannot be adjusted for fit before-hand. Once the planks have cooleddown, dried out and been fastened
55
Thickness> 4 mm
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56 57
Step-by-step Instructions
for Caulking and Sealing
Wooden-Planked
Boat Hulls
Wooden hulls are generally madefrom mahogany or oak. The follow-ing instructions are applicable tothese and other species of timberused in boat construction.Wooden planks to be caulked mustbe sound (no rot) and dry (at leasteight days in a covered dock withgood natural ventilation). Planks inpoor condition must be replaced.The sides of the joints must be scrapedclean. All remaining traces of oldtar, pitch or other greasy caulkingmaterials must be removed completely.The planks should then be sandedto a smooth surface.Just the use of solvents to removeresidues of sealant from the joints isnot adequate. The oily constituentsare not completely removable bythis method and will interfere withthe bond between the new sealantand the sides of the joint.Any large cracks in the dry planks(5 mm wide or more) must be filledby gluing in wooden strips and sandingthese flush with the surface of thehull. This is to ensure that the stiffnessof the hull is not impaired.The old caulking yarn must be left
in place between the planks, andcare must be taken not to damageor displace these when recaulking.When the boat is placed in the wateragain the wooden planks absorbmoisture and swell, exerting pressureon the Sikaflex® -290 DC Marineelastic sealant.
The result is a completely water-tight hull, with sufficient elasticityin the caulked joints to accommo-date the torsional movements towhich the hull of a ship under sail isalways subject.
I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s i n g t h e S i k a M a r i n e P r o d u c t L i n e b y A p p l i c a t i o n
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5 . M a t e r i a l s
The bond faces must be primed twice:
Carefully apply a first coat of Sika® Primer-290 DC with a clean brush, and leave to dry for 12
hours. Apply a second coat of Sika® Primer-290 DC and allow to dry for an additional 2 hours.
On the same day that the second coat of primer is applied the joints should be caulked with
Sikaflex® -291 or Sikaflex® -290 DC. Press well into the joint with a knife or spatula.
Wipe off any excess immediately with Sikaflex® Remover-208 to leave a clean joint line.
Under normal conditions the hull can be sanded down after 5–7 days. If the depth of the
joint exceeds 15 mm and/or if the ambient temperture is below 15°C, the sealant will cure
slower, in which case the waiting time before sanding should be taken in consideration.
The hull can now be painted above and below the waterline in the normal way. 1-part syn-
thetic resin or alkyd resin paints must be tested first to ensure compatibility with the sealant
(preliminary testing is required!)
2-part polyurethane or epoxy resin paints can be used without preliminary trials. Prefer-
ence should be given to flexible paint systems in order to avoid cracking of the paint coa-
ting due to subsequent movement of the joints.
58
208
290 DC
Application of Sikaflex®-291 or Sikaflex®-290 DC
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Glassfibre Reinforced
Plastic (GRP)
Generally, GRPs represent a themo-setting plastic of an unsaturated polyester resin (UP), an epoxy resin(EP) or a polyurethane resin (PUR).Sometimes freshly produced UP-GRP parts may still contain residualstyrene monomer, and, since thechemical reaction is not completed,might subsequently show post-shrinkage. Only post-cured or agedGRP parts should be bonded. Thesmooth side (gel-coated side) of theGRP part may contain mould re-lease agents. These impair the sub-sequent bonding capabilities to thesurface and should be removed. Therough side of the GRP panels gener-ally contain paraffin waxes as anair-drying additive. If bondingneeds to take place to this side thepanel needs careful abrasion, clean-ing with Sika® Cleaner-205 and priming with Sika® Primer-206G+P or Sika® Primer-215. Thin,transparent or only lightly coloured
GRP parts are UV-permeable (seethe section under Glass and otherTransparent Substrates).
Plastics
Some plastic materials can only bebonded with mechanical/chemicaltreatments (flaming, plasma, chem-ical oxidation), e.g. polyethyleneand polypropylene. As it is not pos-sible to supply clear recommendati-ons for bonding or sealing of manyplastic compounds and because ofthe many different mix constituentsand internal and external releaseagents, it is recommended to contact your local Sika Company.Checks can be made on the mate-rials to determine the proper pre-paration suitable for your purposesand we can therefore advise you accordingly.
Aluminium
Aluminium and its alloys are sup-plied in sections, sheets, panels,profiles, and castings. The prepara-
tion instructions depend on which Sikaflex® product is involved. Forsurface-treated aluminium (chrome-plated, anodised or coated) cleaningwith Sika® Cleaner-205 is often theonly preparation needed beforebonding).
Galvanised Steel
Galvanised steel is either:■ Hot galvanised (strip galvanised),■ Electrolytically galvanised,■ Hot galvanised (hot dip)
For the first two substrates the baseis clearly defined and the surfacecomposition is mostly constant,whereas the surface finish of the third is not constant and theadhesion properties need checkingperiodically. We strongly recom-mend pretesting.
M a t e r i a l s
5.1 Notes on Substrates
General
Substrates should be free from dust,dirt, oil, grease and any contamin-ants. Any dirty, corroded or degrad-ated areas of the joint must becleaned.
Paintability
Most of the common paints (exceptalkyd-based paints) can be used ontop of Sikaflex® products. The bestresults are obtained when the ad-hesive/sealant is fully cured. It is, however, recommended that thecompatibility is checked by pre-testing if early painting is required.Please note that rigid paint systemsprevent joint movement, which canlead to cracking of the paint and orthe joint.
Coated Surfaces,
Paints and Varnishes
Pretesting of adhesion is a prerequi-site on coated surfaces. As a guide,reactive systems which are cross- linked thermally (EP-powder coatings)or by polyaddition reaction (epoxyor PUR coatings), can be bondedwith Sikaflex® products. Alkyd resin-based paints/varnishes whichdry with oxidation are less suitable. Polyvinylbutyral, epoxy resin estersystems and other non-reactive air-drying one-component paints arelower in final strength and are gen-erally compatible, physically, withour sealants; however, dependingon stresses, less compatible withour adhesives. Please note thatpaint additives which act on the sur-face of the paint or varnish, such ascoalescing agents, silicones, anti-foams, etc. may effect the adhesionof the adhesive/sealant to the paint.
Glass and Other Trans-
parent Substrates
If a transparent substrate is usedwhere the bond is exposed to directsunlight through the transparentlayer, additional protection againstUV radiation is required.This could be:
■ A mechanical protection such asa trim or metallic profile,
■ A ceramic screen-printed peri-pheric edge (onto the mineralglass) providing a sufficient bar-rier against UV radiation, with atransmission value of <0.01%, or
■ A black or white coloured filmsuch as Sika® UV Shielding Tape
Under all circumstances the overlapof any of the aforementioned vari-ants should be taken into considera-tion because of refractional effects.
If in doubt it is recommended toconsult with your local Sika Company.
60 61
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M a t e r i a l s
5.2 Cleaner, Primer and AdhesiveConsumption Table
62 63
Joint dimension for Coverage per unitcaulking with (linear metres)Sikaflex®-290 DC 310ml 600ml(width x depth) cartridge unipac
4 x 5mm 16 306 x 5mm 12 208 x 5mm 8 15
10 x 5mm 6 1210 x 8mm 3 6
For extensive details regarding surface preparation of the varioussubstrates employed in marine applications please refer to separatepages in inlay.Physical data on Sikaflex® MarineAdhesives and Sealants are avail-able from separate inlay as well.
Thickness of Quantity CoverageSikaflex®-298 in mm required in l/m2 600ml unit/m2
2 2 34 4 6
Product Packaging unit Quantity per m2 Coverage/ Length of primedin ml required in ml unit in m2 surface 30mm
wide in metres
Sika® Activator 250 40 6.251000 25.00
Sika® Cleaner-205 250 40 6.25
1000 25.00
Sika® Primer-206 G+P 250 150 1.60 501000 6.60 200
Sika® Primer-209 250 150 1.60 50
Sika® Primer-210 T 250 150 1.60 501000 6.60 200
Sika® Primer-215 250 150 1.60 501000 6.60 200
Sika® Primer-290 DC 250 150 1.60 501000 6.60 200
Sika® Primer-204 250 150 1.60 501000 6.60 200
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M a t e r i a l s
64 65
5.3 Sika Marine Products
Sikaflex®-298 Self-levelling marine adhesive600-ml unipac (sausage), black10-l pail, brown, ocker
Sika® Cleaner-205 Cleaning agent and adhesionpromoter (for non-porous materials), 30-ml can,250-ml can, 1-l can, 5-l can
Sika® Primer-290 DC Adhesion promoter for useon wood, 30-ml can, 250-ml can, 1000-ml can, 5-lSika®Primer-204 Adhesion promoter for blanksteel andnon-ferrous metals, 250-ml can,1000 -mlSika® Primer-209 Black adhesion promoter fororganic glass, 30-ml can, 250-ml canSika® Primer-206 G+P Black adhesion promoterfor GRP and for mineral glass, 30-ml can, 250-ml can, 1000-ml canSika® Primer-210 T Adhesion promoter for aluminium, stainless steel, plastics, 30-ml can,250-ml can, 1000-ml canSika® Primer-215 Adhesion promoter forGRP and plastics, 30-ml can, 250-ml can,1000-ml can
Sikaflex®-291 Multifunctional marine adhesivesealant, 100-ml tube, black, white
Sikaflex®-292 Structural marine adhesive,310-ml cartridge, white
Sikaflex®-290 DC Weatherproof deck caulking sealant, 310-ml cartridge black
Sikaflex®-291 Multifunctional marine adhesivesealant, 400-ml, 600-ml unipac (sausage), black,white, grey, brown, beige
Sikaflex®-296 Direct glazing marine adhesive for mineral glass 600-ml unipac (sausage), black
Sikaflex®-290 DC Weatherproof deck caulkingsealant, 600-ml unipac (sausage),1000-ml unipac (sausage), 400-ml unipac,27 kg pail, 195 kg drum, black
Sikaflex®-295 UV High UV-resistant marineadhesive (also for bonding plastic glass),310-ml cartridge, 400-ml unipac (sausage),black, white, 23-l Hobbock, black
Sikaflex®-291 Multifunctional marine adhesive sealant, 310-ml cartridge, black, white,grey, brown
Sika® Activator Cleaning agent and adhesionpromoter for mineral glass, 250-ml can, 1-l can
Icosit® EG 1 Two-component anti-corrosion paintsystem for steel and aluminium, grey yellow3-kg (A+B) pail, 12.5-kg (A+B) pail,30-kg (A+B) pail, grey, yellow
Sikaflex®-852 FR Flame-retardant adhesive sealant310-ml cartridge, red, red-brown, black 600-ml unipac (sausage), red-brown, black
Sika® Handclean Special cleaning tissues forcleaning skin and removing non-cured Sikaflex ®.
SikaTransfloor®-352 SL and ST Two-componentlevelling compound used for uneven decks priorto the application of Sikaflex®-298 for teak decks,25kg (A+B), grey
SikaFirestop® Marine 310-ml cartridge, blackSikaFiresil® Marine grey 310-ml cartridge, grey
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a n dH a n d l i n g
P r e c a u t i o n s
66
5.4 Equipment and Accessories
Manual application gun for 310-ml cartridges,also adaptable for 400-ml unipacs
Air-powered application gun for up to 600-ml unipacs and 310-ml cartridges
Manual application gun for up to 600-ml unipacs
Air-powered application gun for 1000-ml unipacs Various applications for use with Sika® Primersystems
Electric, oscillating cutter with blades,specifically designed for deck caulk removal
Manual application gun for 310-ml cartridges
Sika® UV shielding tape in 25mm width and 10 corner pieces
Sika® bond breaker tape appliction tool Sika® bond breaker tape 6 mm x 66 mSika® bond breaker tape 4 mm x 66 m
M a t e r i a l s
6 . S e r v i c e
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S e r v i c e a n d H a n d l i n g P r e c a u t i o n s
Sika Service
Sika provides comprehensive tech-nical and commercial global sup-port both directly and through theirworldwide network of specialistdistributors. For further informa-tion please contact your local Sikacompany. A current listing show-ing the Sika companies worldwideis included.
Handling Precautions
Sika products should be stored,handled and used in accordancewith good hygiene practices and inconformity with current legal regu-lations and responsibilities. It is ourcustomers’ responsibility to ensurethat a suitable and sufficient assess-ment of any risks created by the useof our products is undertaken. ForSika products refer to safe handlingadvice on the Sika Products con-
tainers and packaging. Further ad-vice and recommendations concern-ing hazard, protective equipment,first aid, safe disposal, etc. is avail-able from product Safety DataSheets.
Note
The information, and in particular,the recommendations relating tothe application and end-use of Sikaproducts, are given in good faith based on Sika’s knowledge andexperience of the products whenproperly stored, handled andapplied under normal conditions. Inpractice, the differences in mate-rials, substrates and actual site conditions are such that no warranty in respect of merchant-ability or of fitness for a particular purpose, nor any liability arising
out of any legal relationship what-soever, can be inferred either fromthis information, from any written recommendations or from any otheradvice offered. The proprietaryrights of third parties must be observed. All orders are acceptedsubject to our current terms of saleand delivery. Users should alwaysrefer to the most recent issue of theTechnical Data Sheet for the product concerned, copies of whichwill be supplied on request.
68P r i m e r a n d
A d h e s i v e C h a r t s
7 . C h a r t s
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Ab
bre
viat
ion
Pro
duc
t na
me
Num
ber
of
Des
crip
tio
nA
pp
roxi
mat
eD
ryin
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ime
Co
lour
com
po
nent
sco
nsum
pti
on
cod
e (c
ap)
205
Sika
®C
lean
er-2
05O
ne
Alc
ohol
-bas
ed c
lean
er, c
onta
inin
g ad
hesio
n pr
ovid
ers
0.04
kg/
m2
10 m
in. t
o 2
hrs.
Yello
w
206
G+P
Sika
®Pr
imer
-206
G+P
One
Blac
k pr
imer
for w
indo
w b
ondi
ng o
f min
eral
gla
ss
0.15
kg/
m2
30 m
in. t
o 24
hrs
.Bl
ack
with
suita
ble
Sika
flex®
adhe
sives
208
Sika
®R
emov
er-2
08O
ne1.
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hatic
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ent f
or p
re-c
lean
ing
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irty
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or g
reas
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on-
0.05
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5 kg
/m2
30 m
in. t
o 24
hrs
.R
edpo
rous
surf
aces
prio
r to
the
indi
cate
d su
bstr
ate
prep
arat
ions
.de
pend
ing
on u
se2.
Cle
anin
g of
pai
nts,
prio
r to
bond
ing
3. C
lean
ing
of n
on-p
orou
s sur
face
s, w
hich
are
con
tam
inat
ed w
ith
fres
h Si
kafle
x®
209
Sika
®Pr
imer
-209
One
Blac
k pr
imer
for P
MM
A a
nd P
C to
bon
d w
ith S
ikaf
lex®
-295
UV
0.15
kg/
m2
30 m
in. t
o 24
hrs
.G
reen
210
TSi
ka®
Prim
er-2
10 T
One
Col
ourle
ss p
rimer
for m
etal
s and
UP-
GR
P0.
15 k
g/m
260
min
. to
24 h
rs.
Gre
y
290
DC
Sika
®Pr
imer
-290
DC
One
Prim
er fo
r woo
d, e
spec
ially
for t
eak-
deck
seal
ing
with
0.
1-0.
2 kg
/m2
60 m
in. t
o 24
hrs
.R
oyal
Blu
eSi
kafle
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90 D
C
EG 1
Icos
it®EG
1Tw
oA
ntic
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sion
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er fo
r met
als p
rior t
o th
e ap
plic
atio
n of
Se
e Te
chni
cal D
ata
Shee
t Sik
a Tr
ansf
loor
®-3
52N
one
Sika
Tra
nsflo
or®-3
52 a
pplic
atio
n. (N
ot to
be
used
as a
prim
er
for S
ikaf
lex®
prod
ucts
)
SASi
ka®
Act
ivat
orO
neA
ctiv
ator
prio
r to
the
appl
icat
ion
of S
ika®
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er-2
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min
. to
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rang
e
7.2
Pri
me
r C
ha
rt f
or
Sik
a M
ari
ne
Ap
pli
ca
tio
ns
(Pro
du
ct
De
scri
pti
on
s a
nd
Ke
y)
Test
pro
ced
ure
for
pre
vio
us a
dhe
sio
n te
stin
g:
1. P
repa
re th
e su
rfac
e to
be
test
ed a
ccor
ding
to th
e Pr
imer
Cha
rt fo
r mar
ine
appl
icat
ions
2. A
pply
a b
ead
of a
bout
1 c
m d
iam
eter
ont
o th
e pr
epar
ed su
rfac
e w
ith a
seal
ant g
un
on a
45°
angl
e3.
Let
the
bead
cur
e fo
r 3 d
ays
4. C
over
the
bead
with
wet
cot
ton
and
plas
tic to
ass
ure
cons
tant
wat
er c
onta
ct.
Alte
rnat
ivel
y pu
t in
wat
er a
t roo
m te
mpe
ratu
re5.
Con
duct
a p
eel t
est a
fter 7
day
s wat
er im
mer
sion.
• C
ut th
e be
ad n
ear t
he su
rfac
e w
ith a
Sta
nley
kni
fe fo
r abo
ut 3
cm
. •
Use
a p
oint
ed p
air o
f ton
gs a
nd tr
y to
pee
l the
bea
d of
f the
subs
trat
e.•
Mai
ntai
n th
e fo
rce
for a
bout
10
seco
nds.
• If
adhe
sion
rem
ains
inta
ct, c
ut th
e be
ad n
ear t
he su
rfac
e pe
rpen
dicu
lar t
o th
e be
ad d
own
onto
the
subs
trat
e an
d ap
ply
the
forc
e ag
ain.
•
Rep
eat t
his p
roce
dure
abo
ut te
n tim
es
If t
he b
ead
can
only
be
rem
oved
by
cutt
ing
(coh
esiv
e fa
ilure
) an
d m
ore
than
75%
of
the
adhe
sive
rem
ains
on
the
bond
ing
area
, adh
esio
n ca
n be
con
side
red
as g
ood.
In c
ase
of a
dhes
ion
failu
re (
the
bead
can
be
rem
oved
wit
hout
rem
aini
ng a
dhes
ive
on
the
subs
trat
e) t
he t
est
has
to b
e re
peat
ed u
sing
oth
er p
ossi
bilit
ies
of s
urfa
ce
prep
arat
ion
or s
eek
advi
se f
rom
you
r N
atio
nal S
ika
Tec
hnic
al C
entr
e.
Impo
rtan
t: P
leas
e re
fer
also
to
the
curr
ent
Sika
Tec
hnic
al D
ata
Shee
ts o
btai
nabl
e th
roug
h yo
ur lo
cal S
ika
Com
pany
SBSc
otch
-Brit
e M
600
Abr
asiv
e pa
d ve
ry fi
ne g
rade
TDS
Tech
nica
l Dat
a Sh
eet
S80
Sand
pape
r (80
grit
)To
be
empl
oyed
in c
onju
nctio
n w
ith a
sand
ing
mac
hine
N.A
.N
ot a
pplic
able
UP-
GR
PG
lass
fibr
e re
info
rced
pla
stic
bas
ed o
n un
satu
rate
d po
lyes
ter
No
te:
No
te:
The
info
rmat
ion,
and
, in
part
icul
ar, t
he r
ecom
men
dati
ons
rela
ting
to
the
appl
icat
ion
and
end-
use
of S
ika
prod
ucts
, are
giv
enin
goo
d fa
ith
base
d on
Sik
a's
curr
ent
know
ledg
e an
d ex
peri
ence
of
the
prod
ucts
whe
n pr
oper
ly s
tore
d, h
andl
ed a
nd a
pplie
dun
der
norm
al c
ondi
tion
s. I
n pr
acti
ce, t
he d
iffe
renc
es in
mat
eria
ls, s
ubst
rate
s an
d ac
tual
sit
e co
ndit
ions
are
suc
h th
at n
o w
ar-
rant
y in
res
pect
of
mer
chan
tabi
lity
or o
f fi
tnes
s fo
r a
part
icul
ar p
urpo
se, n
or a
ny li
abili
ty a
risi
ng o
ut o
f an
y le
gal r
elat
ions
hip
wha
tsoe
ver,
can
be in
ferr
ed e
ithe
r fr
om t
his
info
rmat
ion,
or
from
any
wri
tten
rec
omm
enda
tion
s, o
r fr
om a
ny o
ther
adv
ice
of-
fere
d. T
he p
ropr
ieta
ry r
ight
s of
thi
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re a
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sho
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alw
ays
refe
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the
mos
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cent
iss
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f th
e T
echn
ical
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he
sive
s a
nd
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ala
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04.0
2
Impo
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ease
refe
r also
to th
e cu
rren
t Sik
a Te
chni
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ata
Shee
ts a
nd S
afet
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ata
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ts o
btai
nabl
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roug
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ur lo
cal S
ika
Com
pany
.
70 71
Pro
duct
Sik
afl
ex®
Sik
afl
ex®
Sik
afl
ex®
Sik
afl
ex®
Sik
afl
ex®
Sik
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Sik
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C-2
91
-292
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V-2
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irect
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ener
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ame
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ast-
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adhe
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min
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r mar
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t sea
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icon
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arin
e ap
plic
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r ap
plic
atio
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d ad
hesiv
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alan
t bas
ed o
nor
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c gl
ass
syst
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non-
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stem
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mic
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ase
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poly
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uret
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uret
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silic
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utes
60
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utes
40
min
utes
50
min
utes
45
min
utes
60
min
utes
60
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min
utes
10
–30
min
utes
23°C
, 50%
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prox
.ap
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.ap
prox
.ap
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.ap
prox
.
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cur
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3 m
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IN 5
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> 40
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300%
> 50
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450%
> 60
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appr
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App
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7.0
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me
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siv
e C
ha
rts
![Page 37: FLOORING Application Guide - West Marine application guide.pdf · 2 Overview of Sika Marine Products and Applications ... This application guide is derived from our many years’](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013016/5bac9e3909d3f230528bac23/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Substrate Recommended sealant Application notessurface Sealant & adhesive
Acrylic-PUR Paints Sikaflex® -291 • Clean the surface with Sika® Cleaner-205 or with Sika® Remover-208Sikaflex® -292 • Apply Sikaflex® within the indicated flash off time of the Cleaner/Sikaflex® -295 UV Remover.Sikaflex® -296 Remarks: Due to the different chemical composition of the paints,Sikaflex® -298 we recommend carrying out preliminary tests
Wood untreated Sikaflex® -291 • Eliminate dust by vacuum cleaningSikaflex® -292 • Apply Sika® Primer-290 DC with a clean brushSikaflex® -295 UV • The application of Sikaflex® has to be carried out after Sikaflex® -296 minimum 30 min. flash off time but at the latest within 24 hrs. Sikaflex® -298 Remarks: Painted wood has to be prepared as indicated for Sikaflex® -298 DC Acrylic PUR-paints.
Impregnated wood should be grinded and washed with solvents. Carry out preliminary tests.
Pretreatment for Sikaflex® -852 FR, please refer to Technical Data Sheet or consult Technical Service.
7.2 Primer Chart for Sika Marine Applications (Key) 7.2 Primer Chart for Sika Marine Applications (Key)
04.02
72 73
Substrate Recommended sealant Application notessurface Sealant & adhesive
Aluminium Sikaflex® -291 • Abrade the surface slightly with Scotch Brite, very fine(e.g. AlMg3) Sikaflex® -292 • Remove the dust by vacuum cleaning
Sikaflex® -295 UV • Apply Sika® Cleaner-205. Use a clean rag or paper towelSikaflex® -296 • After 10 min. to max 2 hrs. drying time, apply Sika®
Sikaflex® -298 Primer-210 T in a uniform, thin coat with a brush • Apply Sikaflex® after 1 hr., but latest after 24 hrs.
Anodised aluminium Sikaflex® -291 • Clean with Sika® Cleaner-205 (use a clean rag or paper towel)Sikaflex® -292 • Apply Sikaflex® after 10 min. to 2 hrs. drying time of the cleanerSikaflex® -295 UV Remarks: The surface of the anodised aluminium may Sikaflex® -296 contain lacquers or paints.Sikaflex® -298 We recommend carrying out preliminary tests
Steel and Sikaflex® -291 • Apply a 2C-solvent type Epoxy Primer according to non-ferrous metals, Sikaflex® -292 manufacturers instructionsgalvanised steel Sikaflex® -295 UV • Leave to dry for at least 24 hrs.
Sikaflex® -296 • Clean with Sika® Remover-208 before the application of Sikaflex® .Sikaflex® -298 Important: Please conduct preliminary tests or consult
Sika’s Technical Service Department
Stainless steel Sikaflex® -291 • Clean surfaces with Sika® Cleaner-205Sikaflex® -292 • Apply Sikaflex® in-between 10 min. and 2 hrs. flash off time.Sikaflex® -295 UV Remarks: in case of rough surfaces or bonding applications Sikaflex® -296 proceed as mentioned for aluminiumSikaflex® -298
Glass with ceramic frit Sikaflex® -296 Bond the glass according to instructions with Sikaflex® -296 taking the following precautions: For ceramic frits with transmission of <0.01%(TSG) or 0.02% (LSG), apply only Sika® Activator. For ceramic frits with higher transmission values, use Sika® Primer-206 G+P in addition to the application of Sika® Activator.
PMMA/ PC Sikaflex® -295 UV The surface preparation and bonding operation has to be(Plexiglas carried out in accordance with the detailed working instructions.Polycarbonat) Products to use: Sika® Cleaner-205 / Sika® Primer-209
ABS/ Sikaflex® -291 • Clean the surface with Sika® Cleaner-205hard PVC Sikaflex® -292 • After 10 min. to 2 hrs. apply Sika® Primer-215 with a clean brush
Sikaflex® -295 UV Sikaflex® -296 • Apply Sikaflex® within 30 min. to 24 hrs.Sikaflex® -298
Glass-reinforced Sikaflex® -291 • Lay up side: abrade the surface completely with a mechanical polyester Sikaflex® -292 grinder (80-grain)
Sikaflex® -295 UV • Proceed then as per the gel-coat sideSikaflex® -296 • Gel-coat side: abrade the surface with Scotch Brite very fineSikaflex® -298 • Clean from dust by vacuum cleaning
• Clean the surface with Sika® Cleaner-205 with a rag or paper towel • After 30 min. to 2 hrs., apply a thin coat of Sika® Primer-290 DC
or Sika® Primer-215• The application of Sikaflex® has to be carried out after 30 min.
flash off time but within 24 hrs. at the latestRemarks: Transparent and translucent thin sheets of GRP which are exposed to sunshine should additionally be protected against UV-radiation (e.g. with Sika UV-Shielding Tape, paint or opaque trim).
P r i m e r a n d A d h e s i v e C h a r t s
![Page 38: FLOORING Application Guide - West Marine application guide.pdf · 2 Overview of Sika Marine Products and Applications ... This application guide is derived from our many years’](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013016/5bac9e3909d3f230528bac23/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
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Acknowledgements
The Industry Division of Sika andtheir highly dedicated employeesbring to the Marine industry a longhistory of polyurethane epoxyacrylics and silicone applicationknowledge coupled with a clear vision for the future.
These are our most important aims:
1. To develop to the highest stand-ard the technology for chemical bonding, sealing, flooring, protecting- and glazing-applications.
2. To service the global marineindustry with approvedclassified systems.
3. To market these systems in anefficient, cost-effective andenvironmentally friendly manner.
4. To lead the way for the marineindustry with our Total System Approach.
Sika Industry Marine forms part ofa large international adhesivesbusiness which is committed to thehighest standards of product andservice and therefore represents anasset to the maritime and offshoreindustry in creating excellent prod-ucts in combination with outstand-ing services.
Concept and Realisation:Cosmic Werbeagentur AG BSW, ZürichCreation Team:Sika I, Sika GB, Sika D,Sika E, Sika CH
We gratefully acknowledge valu-able picture material supplied byour customers.Our appreciation is also addressedto the photographers Mr FrancoPace, Mr Simone Bazzichi and Mr Mario Biagi for their support in creating this manual.
76
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Sika Schweiz AG, Tüffenwies 16, CH-8048 Zürich, Telephone +41 1 436 40 40, Fax +41 1 436 45 30 Internet: http://www.sika-industry.com
S i k a I n o v e r 5 0 C o u n t r i e s W o r l d w i d e
04/2
002
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