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Lesson Learned from the Installation of a Flexible Seismic Product Pipeline Mitigation System

Presented by:

William Bruin, P.E. Simpson Gumpertz & Heger, Inc.

October 7, 2014

Prevention First 2014, Long Beach, California

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The story you are about to see is true.

The names have been changed to protect the

innocent.

Marine Oil Terminal X Edge of Shoreline Bulkhead

Island wharf Mid-1950s design Concrete piles & deck 70,000 DWT capacity

Pipeway Ramp

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Terminal Xs MOTEMS History

Medium Risk MOT 2010 Initial Audit Completed

Complicated kinematic situation Seismically deficient wharf but vague on reasons/mitigations Pipelines = spill risk in seismic condition

2011-2012 Subsequent Seismic Mitigation Development Goal = Develop mitigation plan Wharf Level 2 compliance verified as-is, except

Ramp Damage = Pipeline spill risk Large Seismic Displacements

44 inches (+/- 22 inches) Perpendicular to Shore 40 inches (+/- 20 inches) Parallel to Shore 12 inches (+/- 6 inches) Vertical Moment

2012-2014 Implementation of Mitigation

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Level 2 Kinematic Seismic Movements

~3-in. Kinematic

~16-in. Total Lateral Wharf

Displacement

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Terminal X Impacted Wharf Pipelines

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www.sgh.com

Terminal X Very Congested

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Terminal Xs Seismic Compliance Challenges

Large seismic displacements Extensive existing infrastructure in project area Traditional piping expansion loops would not work !

Limited working footprint Convention loops to big

No clear regulatory path to introduce new technologies or non-traditional approaches

What would State Lands accept?

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Terminal Xs Mitigation Attack Plan

1) Brainstorm solutions Include all stakeholders

2) Work out the technical issues Avoid the unproven concepts Apply available technologies Minimize regulatory issues

3) Concept ranking Risk reduction & overall safety Present & future cost Regulatory risk

4) Develop regulatory path forward Concept driven Regulator participation Stepped approach

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Concept 1 - Conventional Hose Approach

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Think Vessel-to-Vessel

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Think Vessel-to-Vessel

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Concept 2 - Flex-Hose Loop Approach

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3D Concepts Swivel Option Concept 3a - Swivel Joints Nested Approach

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Concept 3b Swivel Joints Distributed Approach

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Terminal Xs Final Decision

Flex-hose was selected over swivel joint designs Equal safety & spill risk reduction Greater displacement flexibility / More robust Quicker installation Flex-hoses significantly less costly

~ (even with periodic replacement) No swivel joint maintenance / exercising

State Lands Concessions Conduct Hazard & Risk Assessment of Concept Flex-hose treated like convention transfer hoses

Follow existing hose regulations Annual hydrotesting Maximum replacement interval

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Flex-Hose Loop Design

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Flex-Hose Loop

Stainless steel double braided hose

Hard piped hose saddle

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Lessons Learned

Dont exclude Operators from design! They know a lot ! Regulatory approval process takes time Plan for it !

New systems require extra thought Communicate with State Lands often

Educate them on goals / problems / constraints Listen to their concerns (often defines path forward) Update them on progress

Critical systems assessment and hazard & risk assessment are effective tools

to define mitigation scope Pipelines are the only systems requiring post-event operability Not all systems require flexibility

to identify design risks to address regulators concerns to document design process

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The story you have just seen is true.

The names have been changed to protect the

innocent.

Questions?

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and special thanks to Terminal X

for allowing SGH to share their story!

Lesson Learned from the Installation of a Flexible Seismic Product Pipeline Mitigation SystemSlide Number 2Marine Oil Terminal XTerminal Xs MOTEMS HistoryLevel 2 Kinematic Seismic MovementsTerminal X Impacted Wharf PipelinesTerminal X Very CongestedTerminal Xs Seismic Compliance ChallengesTerminal Xs Mitigation Attack PlanConcept 1 - Conventional Hose ApproachThink Vessel-to-VesselThink Vessel-to-VesselConcept 2 - Flex-Hose Loop ApproachConcept 3a - Swivel Joints Nested ApproachConcept 3b Swivel Joints Distributed ApproachTerminal Xs Final DecisionFlex-Hose Loop DesignFlex-Hose LoopLessons LearnedSlide Number 20Questions?