flEefVElDepartment of Energy - Office of Science

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RECIPIENT ORGANIZATION:

FINAL REPORT

Eighth International Symposium on Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancer(Scientific Meeting)

Professor M. Frederick Hawthorne DOE AWARD NUMBER: DE-FG03-ER62614University of California Los Angeles PERIOD OF AWARD: 05/1 5/98 - 05/1 5/00Dept. of Chemistry& Biochemistry PERIOD OF REPORT: 05/1 5/99 - 05/1 5/99405 Hilgard Avenue DATE OF REPORT 09/01 /99Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 UNEXPENDED FUNDS: tlOlle

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c Background

The Eighth International Symposium on Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancer (8th ISNCTC) was held inLa Jolla, California on September 13-18, 1998 at the Sheraton Grande Torrey Pines Hotel. This was theregular biennial meeting of the International Society for Neutron Capture Therapy (ISNCT), and the firstsuch meeting to be held in the U.S. since 1992. The ISNCT was established at the Second InternationalMeeting on NCT held in Tokyo, Japan in October 1985 by the late Dr. Hiroshi Hatanaka (Professor ofNeurosurgery, Teikyo University Medical School) and Dr. William H. Sweet (Professor of SurgeryEmeritus, Harvard Medical School and Senior Neurosurgeon, Massachusetts General Hospital).

The purpose of the Symposium was to bring together basic scientists, engineers and clinicians in order toshare the latest developments occurring in the field of neutron capture therapy (NCT). These periodic in-ternational symposia are particular important because of the diverse nature of NCT research. Not onlyare major NCT projects being pursued on several continents (most notably the U. S., Japan, and Europe),but the desired technology is multidisciplinary, requiring the cooperation of researchers in fields rangingfrom synthetic chemistry through nuclear physics to clinical medicine. It is therefore essential that NCTresearchers remain current with new developments from other laboratories and other sub-fields of NCT,

The NCT of cancer is a binary therapy which requires two major components to generate ionizing radiationwith therapeutic value: (1) a suitable fluence of thermal or epithernml neutrons, and (2) the presence of athermal neutron absorber (such as B-10) in high concentration, particularly in malignant cells. The inter-action of these two components produces high linear energy transfer (LET) particles whose destructiveeffect is essentially confined within a radius of about 10 micrometers (i.e., the radiation cytotoxicity is ef-fectively limited to those cells which contain a sufficient concentration of the B-10 isotope). The complexnature of NCT demands developmental efforts by individuals with expertise in nuclear engineering andparticle physics; macro- and rnicrodosimetry; analytical and synthetic chemistry; toxicology and radiobiol-ogy; pharmacokinetics, and various clinical specialties ranging from neurosurgery to dermatology. In ad-dition, since NCT ultimately becomes a radiation therapy procedure, it is essential that radiation therapistsand cliniczd oncologists become intimately involved with the development of the methods necessary fortreatment planning with NCT.

● Descri~tion of the Svmoosium

The 8th ISNCTC was hosted and presided over by the President of the Society, Prof. M. Frederick Haw-thorne of the UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, with assistance from Symposium Se-cretery General Dr. Richard Wiersema (Neutron Therapies) and Deputy Secretary General Dr. KennethShelly (UCLA).

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l?rim~ funding for the Symposium was provided by registration fees. Financial support for the Sympo-&rn ‘was generously provided by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Cancer Insti-t~$$ (NIH), and the University of California Los Angeles. Additional assistance was provided by corpo-rafe ~ponsorship by Neutron Therapies (San Diego, CA), General Atomics (San Diego, CA), CalleryChemical (Pittsburgh, PA), U.S. Borax (Valencia, CA), Strem Chemical (Newburyport, MA), and IonBeam Applications (Louvain-la-Nueve, Belgium).

The Symposium was attended by 300 registrants from 21 different countries. The breakdown of atten-dance by country and number of attendees was: United States (145), Japan (43), Germany (21), Finland(17), Sweden (11), Great Britain (9), Switzerland (7), Czech Republic (7), Italy (7), The Netherlands (6),Argentina (6), Russia (4), France (3), Slovenia (3); two each from Australia, Israel, Taiwan, and Korea;and one each from Belgium, Turkey, and Thailand,

The Scientific Program consisted of the presentation of 275 papers, which included 30 plenary lectures, 81oral presentations in parallel sessions, and 164 posters. Subjects and topics covered in Symposium pres-entations included:

Development and Physics of Neutron Sources: a) nuclear reactors, b) heavy ionaccelerators, c) neutron-emitting isotopes.Macro- and Microdosimetry: a) theoretical approaches a:nd simulations, b) experimental,analytical measurements of radiation components in mixecl radiation fields.Analytical Measurement of Nuclides in Tissue (in vitro and in vivo): a) prompt gammaemission (neutron activation analysis), b) atomic emission spectroscopy, c) track-etchautoradiography, d) magnetic resonance imaging, e) seccmdary ion mass spectrometry, f)electron energy loss spectroscopy.Synthesis of Tumor-Targeting Agents with High Neutron Capture Cross-section Nuclides:a) low molecular weight compounds, b) macromolecular species, c) liposomes, d) low-density lipoproteins.Toxicological, Pharmacokinetic, and Biochemical Evaluation of Tumor-Targeting Agents(in vitro and in vivo): a) cell culture studies, b) tumor-bearing animal biodistributions, c)clinical biodistribution data.Radiobiological Studies of High-LET Particles and Mixed Radiation Fields: a) Cell culturestudies, b) Tumor-bearing animal data, c) Determination c~fRBE values.Clinical Applications: a) radiation treatment planning, b) clinical studies with malignantbrain tumors, c) clinical studies with melanoma, d) applications to other solid tumors, e)evaluation of radiotherapeutic effects of NCT.New Applications of NCT: a) NCT dose enhancement of fast neutron therapy, b) treatmentof artl&tis with NCT, c) NCT in conjunction with brachytherapy.

A detailed description of the Scientific Program (including titles and authors for all papers) and a list of allregistered Symposium participants (with contact information) may be found at the Symposium website athttp://web.chem. ucla.edu/-isnct8.

The next International Symposium on Neutron Capture Therapy in the year 2000 will be hosted by thenew President of the Society, Prof. Keiji Kanda of Kyoto University, in Osaka, Japan. Ballots cast dur-ing the 8th ISNCTC selected Dr. Wolfgang Sauerwein of the University of Essen, Germany as the Presi-dent-elect, who will host the Symposium in the year 2002.

Authors of Symposium presentations were invited to publish their papers in the Proceedings of the Sym-posium. Over 200 manuscripts have been submitted. The Proceedings will be published as a two-volumeset (“Frontiers in Neutron Capture Therapy,” M.F. Hawthorne, K. Shelly, R..J. Wiersema, cd.) by thePlenum Publishing Corporation. The expected publication date is winter 1999.

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DISCLAIMER

Portions of this document may be illegiblein electronic image products. Images areproduced from the best available originaldocument.

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CON~CTUAL O-S OF THE INVENTION

The United States government has rights in this invention pursuant to

contract number DE-AC07-81W139 be~een the United States Department of

Energy and West Valley Nuclear Services.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device for sampling radioactive waste and

more particularly to a device for sampling radioactive waste which prevents

contamination of a sampled material and the environment surrounding the sampled

material.

10 During vitrification of nuclear wastes, it is necessary to remove

contamination fkom the surfaces of canisters filled with radioactive glass. After

removal of contaminatio~ a sampling device is used to test the stu%aceof the

canister. The one piece sampling device currently in use creates a potential for

spreading contamination during vitrification operations. During operations, the one

15 piece sampling device is transferred into and out of the vitrification cell throu&~:..,.+....->... >,.+

08/884,350 V SAMPLING DEVICE WITH A CAPPED Gerd-Rainer JezekBODY AND DETACHABLE HANDLE

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to wipe the surface of the canister. A one piece sampling device can be contaminated

by the remote control device prior to use. Further the sample device can also

contaminate the transfer drawer producing false readings for radioactive material.

The present invention overcomes this problem by enclosing the sampling pad in a

5 cap. The removable handle is reused which reduces the amount of waste material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an objective of the present invention to provide an enclosed sampling

device which protects the sample horn contamination.

invention is a cap to enclose and protect the sample.

A feature of the present

10 It is a further objective of the invention to prevent the sample from

contaminating the surrounding environment. In addition to the cap enclosing the

sample, a fature of the present invention is a means to detach the handle from the

sampling device before the sample is removed from the cell.

It is a further objective of the invention to provide a tamper proof container

15 for the sample.

It is a fhrther objective of the invention to provide a sampling device which

can be operated by remote control.

In brief, the above objectives and advantages of the invention are met by a

sampling device comprising a pad for collecting samples, a body suppo*g tie p~

20 a detachable handle, and a cap that encloses and protects the sample.,.,.........

Additional objects, advantages and novel f-es of the inventiori ~&;*,-,.,.,

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those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned by

practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention maybe

realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations

particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

BW~F DESCRIPTION OF TW? DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a side plan view of the sampling device in accordance with the features of

this invention.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view of the device for cutting the handle from the body

of the sampling device.

10 D~TAIT~DDESCRIPTION OF THE INT?ENTION

Referring to Figure 1, a plan side view of the sampling device is shown 10. A sample

is collected on a sorbent pad 12. The pad can be composed of any sterile or

uncontaminated sorbent material. The pad as shown in Figure 1 is a polychlorinated

organic material. Materials such as natural sponge, surgical sponge or fiber gauze

15 could also be used. For certain applications a thin pad of sterile woven material may

be attached to the end of the sponge which is in contact with the material to be

sampled. Alternatively the pad may be composed of a sterile, adhesive material. The

pad 12 is attached to a rigid body 14. The body in turn is attached to a handle 16. In

the preferred embodiment the body and handle are attached by a pair of hook and

20 loop fasteners. One of the pair is attached to the body and the other is attached to the

handle so that the handle maybe separated i%omthe body. Mkr the tiple is .”

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totally enclose and retain the pad and body of the sampling device.

In the preferred embodiment, the pad is slightly larger in diameter than the interior

of the cap so that the cap is retained by the expansion of the pad. In other

embodiments, the cap and body are threaded to screw the body into the cap. The

5 body and cap may be designed to cross thread, preventing the body from being

removed from the cap once the parts a threadedly joined.

Figure 2 shows the means for separating the handle from the body. In the preferred

embodiment of the invention, a cutting ring 20 is a hollow tube with open ends.

interior diameter of the cutting ring has a diameter greater than the cap of the

The

10 sampling device. In the preferred embodiment the tube is composed of stainless steel

but may be comprised of any suitable rigid material. One end of the tube is attached

to a transf= drawer (not shown). The other end has a circular opening smaller than

the circumference of the tube with a sharp interior cutting edge. The circular cutting.

edge serves to separate the capped sampling device from the handle.

15 In the preferred embodiment operation the sampling device is inserted in a tmnsfkr

drawer and transferred into a vitrification cell. A remote control device inserts the,,-

sampling device into a grooved cap holder attached to the transfer drawer for

removing the cap 18 and exposing the pad 12. The pad is then wiped on the material

to be sampled. The cap is then replaced to eliminate contamination. The capped

20 sampling device is then inserted into the cutting ring 20 and force is applied to

.,’....... ,,-.. .-:~..separate the cap fkom the handle. The enclosed sample drops through me”ho~ow@x

into the transfer drawer and is removed from the cell. The handle is reused.

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While the invention has been described with reference to details of the

illustrated embodiment these details are not intended to limit the scope of the

invention as defined in the appended claims.

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The apparatus is a sampling device having a pad for sample collection, a

body which supports the pad, a detachable handle connected to the body and a cap

which encloses and retains the pad and body to protect the integrity of the sample.

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