Flash Appeal for Ghana 2007 (Word) - UNOCHA · Web viewto procure all commodities within Ghana...

FLOODS

Bawku region/north Ghana/2007OCHA Moctar Hanne

FLOODS

ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2007:

AARRECAASAAABSAbt AssociatesACF/ACH/AAHACTEDADRAAfricareAGROSPHEREAHAANERAARCIARMAVSICADICAMCARECARITASCCFCCIJDCEMIR Int’lCENAP

CESVICHFICINSCIRIDCISVCLCONCERNCOOPICORDCPARCRSCUAMMCWDCADRCEMSFERMEQUIPFAOGAA (DWH)GH

GSLGHDOHIHISAN - WEPAHorn ReliefILOINTERSOSIOMIRCIRDIRINJVSFMALAOMCIMDAMDMMENTORMERLINNANNANRCOA

OCHAOCPHODAGOHCHRPARACOMPARCPHGPMRSPRCSPSIPURFEPSADOSC-UKSECADEVSFCGSNNCSOCADIDOSolidaritésSPSTF

UNAIDSUNDPUNDSSUNESCOUNFPAUN-HABITAT UNHCRUNICEFUNIFEMUNMASUNODCUNRWAUPHBVETAIDVIAVTWFPWHOWVIWRZOARC

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP)

The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal); coordinated programme implementation; joint monitoring and evaluation; revision, if necessary; and reporting on results.

The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements:

a common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; an assessment of needs; best, worst, and most likely scenarios; stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where; a clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; prioritised response plans; and a framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.

The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organisation for Migration, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host governments and donors, should be consulted.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is to be presented to donors in July 2007.

Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts

In sum, the CAP works to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time.

http://www.reliefweb.int/

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................1

Table I: Summary of Requirements – By Sector and Appealing Organisation...........................................3

2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES...................................................................................4

2.1 CONTEXT................................................................................................................................................. 42.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES...............................................................................................................5

3. RESPONSE PLANS........................................................................................................................................6

3.1 FOOD SECURITY.......................................................................................................................................63.2 HEALTH.................................................................................................................................................... 93.3 WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE.........................................................................................................113.4 EDUCATION............................................................................................................................................133.5 NUTRITION.............................................................................................................................................153.6 COMMON SERVICES................................................................................................................................16

3.6.1 Appealing Agency: WFP..................................................................................................................173.6.2 Appealing Agency: UNDP...............................................................................................................183.6.3 Appealing Agency: OCHA...............................................................................................................19

3.7 SHELTER/NON-FOOD ITEMS....................................................................................................................213.8 SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS.....................................................................................................................22

4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES................................................................................................................24

Table II: List of Appeal Projects................................................................................................................24

ANNEX I.

INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT SOCIETITES..................................27

ANNEX I.

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.....................................................................................................................30

Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on http://www.humanitarianappeal.net

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GHANA FLOODS FLASH APPEAL 2007

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

During the months of August and early September 2007, heavy rainfall led to severe flooding in several West African countries resulting in the loss of lives, displacement of vulnerable persons and the destruction of key infrastructure, food stocks and livestock throughout the region. The most recent regional estimates indicate that as many as 800,000 people have been affected by the floods in Ghana, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Togo, Mali, The Gambia, Niger, Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Mauritania, Sierra Leone and Benin. The floods coincide with the most critical time of the year, the lean season when West African families - mostly in the Sahel region - face food insecurity. Thus, the destruction of crop and food stocks has aggravated the vulnerability of poor families and needs to be addressed promptly through emergency and recovery interventions.

Among the key challenges in the region are to ensure access to affected populations and to contain the rising threat of epidemics. The humanitarian community must pursue a dual approach of responding to urgent needs, while at the same time averting further deterioration of the situation. Access to affected population is impeded by the destruction of key infrastructure (Ghana), poor road conditions (Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Niger), and insecurity (Iferouane, northern Niger). The situation in Iferouane is particularly worrying, as humanitarian actors struggle to respond to the needs of some 500 persons affected by floods and food insecurity. An additional concern is the reported presence of new landmines being laid around the city.

At present, three countries are among the worst affected by the floods; Ghana, Burkina Faso and Togo. This appeal currently focuses on emergency needs in Ghana, where excessive rainfall coupled with the spillage of excess water from the Bagre Reservoir in Burkina Faso has resulted in extensive floods in the Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions. The floods have caused severe damage in these regions, including the loss of livestock, the destruction of farmlands, houses, bridges, schools and health facilities, as well as damage to the water supply, irrigation systems, food storage and processing facilities. There are also some small but badly affected areas in other regions of the country, particularly the Western Region. These affected areas were identified by the Government just before publishing this appeal, so assistance needs in these regions will be reflected in a revised appeal.

Floods are a common feature in Ghana hence certain community coping mechanisms are in place. However, it was this year’s combination of cumulative events (the prolonged dry spell, abnormal torrential rains and the spillage of the Bagre Dam in Burkina Faso) that caused the humanitarian situation. Coping mechanisms have been overwhelmed and an already very vulnerable population has been severely affected.

The Government of Ghana, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), the United Nations, the Red Cross Movement, religious groups and private entities have provided much needed life saving assistance to affected populations in the most devastated areas. However, a recent joint assessment mission revealed an urgent need to boost assistance in order to: (a) avoid a further deterioration of the humanitarian situation; (b) help normalise the food security situation; and (c) complement efforts to restore livelihoods.

Significantly, most of the affected areas were socio-economically vulnerable prior to the floods. The floods have thus triggered a rapid deterioration of existing vulnerabilities that needs to be addressed in parallel with life saving interventions. Such concerted emergency and recovery action remains critical to ensuring that needs are adequately met. Constant monitoring will be undertaken to ensure that the appeal remains pertinent, and that relevant and timely adjustments to the current response strategy are made.

Although NGOs have participated in the humanitarian strategy formulation and response, they have not yet presented projects for inclusion in the appeal. The main reason for this is that the Country Team in Ghana is unaccustomed to emergency response and to the requirements of humanitarian reform, whereby the United Nations is committed to working more closely with NGOs as strategic partners. This will be fully rectified in a revised edition in the coming weeks. The establishment of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is expected to help consolidate the humanitarian partnership.

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Humanitarian stakeholders through this appeal will focus on the following priority sectors:

Food Security including Nutrition;Health;Water, Sanitation and Hygiene;Education;Common Services;Shelter;Sustainable Livelihoods;Coordination and Information Management.

This Flash Appeal requests a total amount of US$19,913,136 (net requirements) to sustain and improve the ongoing efforts to urgently address key humanitarian and limited early recovery needs for the 75,000 most affected persons during the next six months.

1 All dollar figures in the document denote United States dollars. Funding for this Flash Appeal should be reported to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS, [email protected]).

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Table I: Summary of Requirements – By Sector and Appealing Organisation

GHANA FLASH APPEALSummary of Requirements - By Sector*

as of 03 October 2007http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation.

Sector Full Requirements($)

Approved CERF Funding($)

Unmet Requirements ($)

FOOD SECURITY 5,550,559 1,752,363 3,798,196HEALTH 1,300,000 428,072 871,928WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE 750,000 235,756 514,244EDUCATION 500,000 500,000NUTRITION 200,000 80,765 119,235COMMON SERVICES 1,490,738 1,490,738SHELTER/NON-FOOD ITEMS 1,118,795 1,118,795SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS 1,500,000 1,500,000TOTAL 12,410,092 2,496,956 9,913,136

GHANA FLASH APPEALSummary of Requirements - By Appealing Organisation

as of 03 October 2007http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation.

Organisation Full Requirements ($)

Approved CERF Funding ($)

Unmet Requirements ($)

FAO 1,750,000 252,413 1,497,587IOM 878,795 878,795OCHA 242,981 242,981UNDP 900,000 900,000UNFPA 400,000 259,871 140,129UNHCR 240,000 240,000UNICEF 1,950,000 484,722 1,465,278WFP 5,648,316 1,499,950 4,148,366WHO 400,000 400,000TOTAL 12,410,092 2,496,956 9,913,136

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*NOTE: evolving practice is to show funding per 'sector' (or sometimes 'cluster') following the sector groupings used in country, to be in accordance with the coordination structures on the ground and in the appeal text. Funding per standard IASC sector is also tracked, because the fixed standard allows comparison across appeals. FTS on-line tables will offer both groupings.

http://www.reliefweb.int/fts

http://www.reliefweb.int/fts


2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES

2.1 CONTEXT

Heavy and persistent rains during late August and mid-September 2007 caused massive flooding in the three northern regions of Ghana particularly in upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions, especially along the Black and White Volta and their tributaries. The flooding along the White Volta and its tributaries was compounded by the spillage of the Bagre Dam in Burkina Faso. In a bid to identify the urgent needs of the affected population, a joint UN/NGO/Government assessment mission was conducted from 17 to 20 September 2007 and coordination meetings were held in Accra with the participation of United Nations/NGO/United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) team and representatives of the donor community.

Initial reports indicated that 260,000 had been affected and 20 killed by the flooding in Upper East, Upper West and Northern regions. However, these were rough and crude estimates which were subsequently revised. After further assessment the United Nations Country Team are now working on a figure of 75,000 particularly vulnerable and in need of assistance. In view of the magnitude of floods, the Government of Ghana recently declared a state of emergency in the three inundated regions.

Damages caused by the floods include the collapse of nine bridges, the destruction of water supply systems, and the losses of an unspecified quantity of cropped farms and livestock as well as the destruction of public infrastructures (schools, roads). The destruction of key infrastructure has restricted access in some areas, thereby limiting the scope of assistance and hindering access to basic commodities for already vulnerable residents.

To respond rapidly to the evolving situation and complement ongoing efforts by national and local authorities, the United Nations is seeking $9,913,136

through this Flash Appeal. The purpose is to address the immediate needs of flood victims in Ghana. Targeted assistance will be provided during the next six months while concerted efforts will be made to mobilise longer-term programmes to address the large-scale rehabilitation needs emanating from this disaster. At present humanitarian actors operating in Ghana include national and international NGOs, United Nations agencies, funds and programmes as well as the Red Cross Movement.

This proposed Relief Operation will target some 75,000 vulnerable individuals, who have been directly affected by the floods (15,000 in upper east, 50,000 in northern region and 10,000 in upper west). As part of the United Nations commitment to assist in the immediate response, the Emergency Relief Coordinator has authorised the disbursement of $2,496,956 through the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF). This is in addition to resources mobilised bilaterally by other humanitarian actors and Government entities. Regular assessments will continue to be undertaken to ensure that the resources being sought remain relevant and that emergency action is either phased out or reinforced in a timely fashion. At the time of publishing this appeal, the Government requested assistance to support some 8,000 people affected by the floods in the Western region. Upon verification, the response to these needs will be incorporated in a revised edition of this appeal.

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2.2 HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES

Entire communities have been cut off from health services, safe water and other critical basic services, rendering women and children particularly vulnerable. In addition, displaced persons are exacerbating the food security conditions of already vulnerable host families. Affected populations also have little or no access to food, shelter and transport. In some areas, the risk of outbreaks of communicable diseases is also high which is expected to rapidly increase malnutrition, food insecurity as well as maternal and neo-natal deaths.

Following an initial technical assessment, the Government response included several visits to the area by high ranking officials, including the President and the Vice-President. Relief items were distributed in a timely manner to some of the worst affected areas, and reconstruction started on the infrastructure destroyed by the floods. In addition, an inter-Ministerial committee on Disaster Relief was established. At present, additional resources are being mobilised to address the significant needs recently identified in affected areas. The Government also seeks the support of the United Nations to lead the coordination of all international support to this disaster. In response to this request, United Nations relief agencies have temporarily reinforced their emergency response capacity in-country. Meanwhile, OCHA has deployed staff to help with the assessments, the management of information, resource mobilisation and coordination of the response. To ensure that the response to these floods concurrently addresses priority emergency and rehabilitation needs, preparations are underway for a comprehensive joint assessment by the Government and its partners. The Flash Appeal will thus be revised to ensure that it reflects updated priority emergency needs of those most affected by the floods.

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3. RESPONSE PLANS

3.1 FOOD SECURITY

Sector Leads: World Food Programme (WFP) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Partners: Ministries of Interior, Health, Food and Agriculture, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Department for International Development (DFID), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), World Bank (WB), German Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Catholic Relief Services (CRS), Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE), World Vision (WV), Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA), OXFAM, Action Aid, Ghana Red Cross Society (GRCS), Opportunities for Industrialization Centers International (OICI), ActionAid

Sector Objectives To ensure short and medium-term food security for a minimum of 75,000 flood affected people. To protect livelihoods and enhance resilience to shocks for drought and flood affected

households. To protect the nutritional status of pregnant/lactating women and children under-five in flood-

affected areas.

Needs AnalysisThe extensive flooding in the three northern regions of Ghana have severely damaged crops and undermined food security in the three affected regions, resulting in significant failure of the planting season for 2007. The recent floods followed a period of prolonged dry spells that extended between April and July. Therefore this season’s crop failure brings together the effects of drought and floods. As of today, many of the flooded areas are inaccessible due to breakdown of key infrastructure, including bridges and roads. Initial assessments of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA) estimate that 70,500 hectares have been affected, resulting in an estimated production loss of 144,000 Metric Tonnes (MTs) of food crops (including maize, sorghum, millet, ground nuts, yam, cassava and rice).

Prior to the floods, the planted crops suffered frequent dry spells during April – May, followed by a long period of drought between May and July which disrupted the farming calendar. As a result, most of the planted crops reached a permanent wilting point from which they did not recover. Most farmers were unable to achieve the early harvest of millet, cowpeas and groundnuts which usually takes them up to the major harvest in October. Apart from the estimated loss due to the floods, the surviving crops are now experiencing frequent heavy rains which will leach soil nutrients and disturb growth. Therefore, the expected potential yields of these farmlands will not be achieved.

Prices of all staples have increased by 100% since the flooding, reducing food access for affected populations. Not all food commodities are readily available at all markets, due to flooded roads and submerged bridges. An estimated 75,000 people will remain vulnerable to food insecurity and at risk of malnutrition for at least 11 months until the early harvest in October 2008. To alleviate the situation, dry season irrigated crop production should be immediately commenced with seeds, fertiliser and tools as well as for the next rainy season to be supplied latest by March 2008.

The majority of displaced persons are living with host families, placing increasing pressure on household food security. Many families interviewed have reduced their intake to one meal a day. Displaced populations living in schools, temporary camps and community structures are receiving little or no food assistance and the wild leafy greens that they have been relying on are now exhausted or rotting underwater. Of particular concern is the nutritional status of pregnant and lactating women and children under-five.

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Response Strategy

Humanitarian Actions and ActivitiesThe two-pronged response strategy involves meeting the emergency food needs of the affected populations while working to restore food production capacity and resilience at the earliest possible date.

DIRECT FOOD ASSISTANCE Food assistance will be delivered using a two-phase

strategy. In the first phase, emergency life-saving food assistance will be provided to 75,000 of the most-affected people to address the immediate nutritional needs of families who lost their homes and crops. The general ration will consist of cereals, pulses, iodised salt and vegetable oil, and will meet 100% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for the affected populations.

Fortified blended food, iodised salt and sugar will be available for supplementary feeding programmes targeting 10,000 pregnant/lactating women and malnourished children under-five. These programmes will be implemented in conjunction with the nutritional staff of the Ghana Health Services

MARKET ANALYSIS, FOOD NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING The second phase will be based on a comprehensive food needs assessment to be

conducted at the end of the rainy season. This assessment will review needs, market performance and agricultural prospects for the coming months in order to target appropriate interventions, such as food assistance, if needed.

WFP will undertake market analysis to procure all commodities within Ghana and the sub-region, with emphasis on decentralised procurement in the North.

Participation in Ghana Health Service (GHS)/UNICEF rapid nutritional assessment.

EXPECTED OUTPUT 6,683 MTs of mixed commodities distributed to 75,000 people facing acute food insecurity as a

direct result of floods. 468 MTs of fortified blended food and sugar provided to 10,000 nutritionally at-risk

pregnant/lactating women and children under-five. Comprehensive food needs assessment implemented. Monitoring of market performance and price trends.

EXPECTED OUTCOMES Hunger-related mortality and morbidity prevented amongst flood-affected populations. Nutritional status of vulnerable groups protected. Productive assets of flood-affected populations protected and/or rehabilitated. Capacity of regional and district level authorities to manage emergency food assistance

programmes enhanced.

SUMMARY OF PRIORITY ACTIONS Coordination with Food Security sector partners. Provision of immediate food assistance to targeted affected households and displaced persons. Comprehensive food security needs assessment and market analysis. Monitoring and evaluation. Reporting.

FOOD PRODUCTIONFood production will be restored through a three phased response consisting of:

1. Immediate supply of fertilisers to boost the production of the surviving growing maize, sorghum and rice.

2. Support of the dry season irrigated crop production in the three affected regions from October to February 2008.

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3. Supply of inputs including seeds, fertilisers and tools for next main planting season 2008 to support production of the major food crops, maize, millet, cassava, groundnut, rice, sorghum and cowpeas.

Summary of priority actions: Coordination with partners and stakeholders; Identification and registration of beneficiaries; Procurement and distribution of inputs (seeds, fertilisers and tools); Farmers training, monitoring and backstopping; Evaluation and Reporting.

Food Production:Expected Outputs and Impacts.

EXPECTED OUTPUTS AND IMPACTSSTRATEGY INTERVENTION OUTPUTS

Date Actions Date Description

FOOD AIDSep-07toMar-08

Distribution of food assistance

Oct-07toMar-08

Sufficient food received to meet minimum dietary requirements

IMMEDIATE PROVISION Technical support for

coordination and implantation activities

Supply of inputs (seeds, fertilisers and water pumps) for the dry season irrigated production

Sep –07toFeb 08

Recruitment and training of staff

Procurement and distribution of inputs

Database developed, coordination strengthened.

Improved food security and nutrition, employment and income generation

Impacts Hunger-related under-nutrition and mortality levels do not rise significantly among affected

populations. Planting material available for following agriculture production cycles. Restoration of agriculture related livelihoods and self resilience. Reduction in need for emergency food aid.

FOOD SECURITY Value($)

FAO

GHA-07/A01

Project Title: Emergency support of coordination and dry season crop production for floods affected farmers in the three northern regions of Ghana.

Total Project : 1,000,000

Less CERF commitment :

252,413

Net requirements :

747,587

Objective: To strengthen emergency activities coordination and ensure flood affected farmers re-start production activities, enhance the productive capacities and improve food security.

Beneficiaries: 20,000 farming families.Partners: MoFA, District Disaster Task Force and

NADMO, CARE International

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FOOD SECURITY Value($)

WFP

GHA-07/F01

Project Title: Targeted food assistance for flood-affected populations in Northern Ghana.

Total Project: 4,550,559

Less CERF commitment:

1,499,950

Net requirements :

3,050,609

Objective: To ensure that flood-affected populations are able to meet their minimum daily requirements.

Beneficiaries: 75,000 flood-affected people.Partners: Ministries of Interior, Food and Agriculture

and Health, District Disaster Task Force and Health Management Teams, NADMO, International/local NGOs

Total 5,550,559

3.2 HEALTH

Sector Lead: World Health Organization (WHO)Partners: UNICEF, UNFPA, Ministry of Health (MoH), Regional and District Health

Administration (GHS) and CBOs, GRCS, CRS, and others

Objectives1. To support district authorities with the provision of quality basic health services to all populations

affected by floods in Upper East, Northern and Upper West Regions2. To strengthen the capacity of the affected district health authorities to detect and effectively

respond in a timely manner to the emergency, including to any epidemic threat (especially diarrhoeal diseases and malaria) which may be a consequence of the flood

3. To ensure effective planning and support coordination, supervision, monitoring and evaluation of the health emergency response to the floods in all affected districts.

StrategyOutreach and mobile clinics will be used to ensure that the population cut off by the floodwaters are reached and have access to quality health services where possible. With the support of partners specialising in logistics, health actors will ensure that the mobile teams have access and essential drugs and medical supplies are delivered to the inaccessible areas possibly through the use of helicopters or/and boats. The teams will provide integrated health packages including curative, prevention and health promotion services. This will also include the provision of medical supplies as well as the distribution of Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Bed-nets (LLITNs) and chlorine tablets for chlorination of household drinking water.

Health and rights promotion are key areas to ensure the proper impact of the response; both mass media interventions and community-based health promotion strategies will be used to ensure that the communities are well informed and that authorities at regional, district and community level have the necessary capacity to support such efforts. Health centres and facilities will also be strengthened in terms of drugs, commodities and equipment provision and staffing (possibly from neighbouring unaffected districts) and their capacity to respond to the needs of specific groups such as youth.

Although there are currently no epidemic outbreaks in the affected areas, there may be an upsurge in the coming weeks as the flood water recede, so Epidemic Preparedness and Response (EPR) will be enhanced in all the three regions. This will be done through the Community Based disease surveillance system which includes the pre-positioning of drugs, medical supplies and materials for epidemics, laboratory strengthening and training of health workers on likely epidemic diseases. In response to the likely increase of malaria cases as the flood waters recede, humanitarian actors will ensure that sufficient prevention and treatment measures are in place.

Close coordination will take place with the Nutrition and WASH sectors during the emergency response period. The health sector includes key Community-based Organisations (CBOs) such as the GRCS, and CRS. These organisations have a wide network of community volunteers and “Mother-to-Mother Support Groups” that will be utilised in the effort to reach families and care-givers with information and services at the community level.

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Humanitarian Activities1. Conduct regular rapid health assessments where necessary, disaggregated by age group and

gender.2. Support community-based health initiatives and outreach services/mobile health teams to

areas where populations are cut-off from health facilities.3. Strengthen health services delivery in the health facilities through provision of essential drugs,

medical, laboratory and temporary health staff.4. Strengthen Emergency Preparedness and Response including support to Integrated Diseases

Surveillance and Response (IDSR) at community level.5. Support malaria prevention, and control measures through provision of ITNs and malaria

medicines (ACTs) to affected population as appropriate based on needs assessments.6. Support health promotion, and rights promotion, community education, mobilisation and

sensitisation on health consequences of floods and how to prevent them including how to ensure safe household drinking water and sanitation.

7. Support District Hospitals in providing essential, and emergency obstetric care through needs based supply of essential equipment and other reproductive health supplies and staff orientation.

8. Provide support to the affected districts and regional health directorates to effectively supervise, monitor, evaluate and coordinate the emergency response activities and enhance future emergency preparedness.

Expected Output and Impacts1. Up-to- date age- and sex-disaggregated information about the health situation in the flood

affected areas.2. Access to good quality basic health services and information for affected populations.3. Timely identification and effective response to any epidemic resulting in reduced Attack and

Case Fatality Rates (CFR) in the flood affected districts.4. Well coordinated emergency health response to the floods, including the availability of

emergency obstetrics and reproductive health logistics.5. At least 90% of malaria and diarrhoea cases are managed appropriately according to standard

protocols.6. At least 90% of children under-five and pregnant women receive insecticide treated nets

(ITNs) in the affected areas.7. Child welfare indicators revert to pre-flood maintenance (with particular reference to

vaccination coverage, where all districts will have >80% coverage of routine EPI antigens).

HEALTH Value($)

WHO

GHA-07/H01

Project Title: Provision of emergency health services to flood affected populations of Upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions.

Total project: 400,000

Objectives: To ensure access to basic health services; to support rapid health assessments and disease surveillance (IDSR), including the timely detection and effectively response to any epidemic threat; to strengthen health services delivery including essential drugs, medical and laboratory equipment and staff

Beneficiaries: Total Number: 75,000 flood-affected personsPartners: MoH, Regional Health Administration, and

District Health Management Teams (DHMTs) of the GHS.

UNICEF

GHA-07/H02

Project Title: Provision of community-based integrated health, services to flood affected populations of Upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions.



168,201

Net requirements :

331,799

Objectives: To ensure access to good quality basic health, services at the community level including prevention and management of priority childhood illnesses (c-IMCI) and health promotion.

Beneficiaries: Total Number: 75,000 flood-affected personsPartners: MoH, Regional and District Health

Administration (GHS), and CBOs, GRCS, CRS, and others.

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HEALTH Value($)

UNFPA

GHA-07/H03

Project Title: Provision of emergency obstetrics and reproductive health logistics and services to flood affected populations of Upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions.



259,871

Net requirements:

140,129

Objectives: To ensure access to good quality emergency obstetric care and reproductive health services including health promotion to the affected populations.

Beneficiaries: Total Number: 75,000 flood-affected personsPartners: MoH, Regional and District Health

Administration (GHS) and CBOs, GRCS and others.

TOTAL 1,300,000

3.3 WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE

Sector Lead: UNICEFPartners: World Vision – Ghana Rural Water Project, NewEnergy, Ghana Water

Company Limited, Community Water and Sanitation Agency, GHS, Environmental Health and Sanitation Unit, Pure Home Water, Church of Christ Rural Water Development Project, CRS, Plan International Ghana, Community Life Improvement Project, GRCS, and International Aid.

Objectives(1) To ensure that water and sanitation related diseases that may be a result of the

flooding are kept to the barest minimum.(2) To ensure the fulfilment of the rights to survival and good health of displaced persons

through the provision of safe water, hygiene and environmental sanitation for an estimated 75,000 affected persons.

Specifically, the project will ensure the following:1. That affected people (displaced and host families) have access to adequate safe water2;2. That at least 80% of affected people (displaced and host families) have access to safe and

sanitary means of excreta disposal;3. That affected people (displaced and host families) have gained knowledge and access

educational materials on hygienic and personal practices that will contribute to their well being.

StrategyThe floods affecting the three Northern Regions of Ghana have adversely affected populations in low lying areas. Based on the field assessments, the response will need to be divided into short-term interventions (up to 1 month), medium-term interventions (1 to 3 months) and longer-term interventions (3 to 6 months). Each type of activity will address organisational issues, drinking water supply, sanitation (safe excreta disposal) and hygiene promotion.

UNICEF already plays a key coordinating role among development partners and other stakeholders in the north of Ghana for the provision of integrated water, sanitation and hygiene services and this coordination and facilitation role will continue throughout the emergency response period. UNICEF, as global WASH sector lead, will work closely with government partners, local authorities, NGOs and communities in the planning, mapping and identification of target communities, as well as in implementation and monitoring of activities. The response will be coordinated through existing WASH coordination mechanisms. In local areas UNICEF will collaborate with local government authorities (particularly District Assemblies). UNICEF’s field response will be channelled through implementing partners including NGOs, private sector and Government. Advocacy will be required to ensure a co-coordinated response with all partners. In the Northern and Upper East Regions, where a number of NGOs are already working on water and sanitation, the main NGO partners will be WV, NewEnergy, Church of Christ Rural Water

2 Adequate and safe water: Adequacy refers to a minimum of 20 litres per person per day, while safe refers to the minimum water quality standards as outlined in the WHO water quality guidelines.

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Development Project, CRS, GRCS and International Aid. In the Upper West Region Plan-International Ghana will be the main collaborating partner for assisting all the affected people in the region.

Humanitarian Actions/Activities

1. Organisational activitiesThe organisational and coordination activities will include organising and hosting meetings and sectional planning events. The purpose is to develop a comprehensive plan and identify partners for implementation, map their strengths and focus areas, and identify target communities in need. It will also examine the domestic capacity to deal with the emergency.

Together with partners, a joint participatory assessment will be carried out to determine the extent of the flooding to the WASH facilities and other related issues. The reports will inform the development of the action plan of implementation with the corresponding assignment of responsibilities. The plan will also identify the detail supply requirements for the WASH interventions. During the medium to long-term, the organisational issues will cover meetings, field visits, monitoring and evaluations. It will also consider re-assignment of partner responsibilities if the need arises.

2. Water InterventionsThe drinking water supply activities will focus on provision of immediate water needs for the population in the short to medium term as follows: Analyse feasibility of water trucking and begin trucking if feasible in identified areas; Procure and distribute essential supplies such as ceramic and bio-sand filters and water

purification tablets to all affected and host households in the three affected regions; Identify, flush out and disinfect potentially contaminated existing water supply sources

(boreholes, wells).

Over the longer term, the water supply activities will focus on: promotion and training on the utilisation of filters – bio-sand and ceramic; monitoring on the use of the ceramic and bio-sand filters; supporting the construction and rehabilitation of protected water supply systems.

3. Sanitation InterventionsThe sanitation activities will be carried out within a context of relatively low coverage of sanitation facilities in the north of Ghana. Priority activities will include: sensitisation of the affected communities on the need to safe dispose excreta and hand-washing

with soap in the three affected regions; support to the rehabilitation of damaged existing public and household latrines; promoting latrine construction through the “Community-Led Total Sanitation” approach (CLTS ).

4. Hygiene PromotionThere will be intensification of Health and Hygiene Education in the communities on the agreed issues through the existing community-based hygiene volunteer systems (EHSU, GRC, GHS, and local NGOs) and through radio announcements and radio discussions. Printing of hygiene promotional tools will be carried out as required. The main targets for awareness raising, social mobilisation and behaviour change communication include: Household level treatment of drinking water (from unsafe sources) by boiling or other methods Safe excreta disposal using CLTS concept Hand washing with soap Liquid waste disposal and refuse disposal

In the short term, the hygiene communication activities will accompany the distribution of hygiene kits to affected households.

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Expected Output and ImpactsIt is expected that at the end of the six-month wash sector project:

1. the affected people (displaced and host families) have access to adequate safe water;2. at least 80% of affected people (displaced and host families) have access to safe and sanitary

means of excreta disposal;3. affected people (displaced and host families) have gained knowledge on hygienic and personal

practices that will contribute to their well being;4. families have been provided with bio-sand and ceramic filters can properly use and can properly

clean them.

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE Value($)

UNICEF

GHA-07/WS01

Project Title: Emergency water, sanitation and hygiene response for the flood- affected populations in Upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions.



235,756

Net requirements:

514,244

Objectives: To prevent outbreak of diseases associated with inadequate and unsafe water supplies, lack of sanitation facilities and poor hygiene practices for the flood affected population; To improve hygiene and sanitation conditions amongst the most affected population through distribution of emergency hygiene kits and promotion of hygiene among target community.

Beneficiaries: Total Number: 75,000 flood-affected personsPartners: World Vision – Ghana Rural Water Project,

NewEnergy, Community Water and Sanitation Agency, GHS, Environmental Health and Sanitation Unit, Pure Home Water, Church of Christ Rural Water Development Project, CRS, GRCS.

TOTAL 750,000

3.4 EDUCATION

Sector Lead: UNICEFPartners: MoE, Science and Sports, Ghana Education Service: Regional and

District Education Offices, Regional and District Local Governments, Northern Network for Education Development and their members, UNICEF, UNESCO, WFP and other United Nations agencies

ObjectiveTo provide continued access to basic quality education for an estimated 46,000 school children in the flood-affected areas of Northern, Upper West, and Upper East regions in Ghana and restore a sense of normalcy in their lives.

StrategyThe flooding in northern Ghana and subsequent displacement affects access to education at a critical time: the beginning of the new academic year. Schools officially re-opened on 11 September but in practice this was impossible in a number of affected areas, where school buildings, particularly mud-type constructions, have been destroyed. According to current estimates, 23,000 children may be unable to go to school as their schools and classrooms have been destroyed. Many more children are at risk of dropping out or not starting school as a result of increased poverty levels. In some areas teachers are not able to access schools or teaching and learning materials have been destroyed. Immediate action is required to set up temporary school facilities and replace destroyed school furniture and teaching and learning materials and to avoid an increase of drop outs among those most at risk.

Children that are not able to attend school are deprived not only of his/her right to an educational cycle and but also are unable to mingle and play with their friends, which provides a powerful breathing space and venue to cope with the abnormal external environment.

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In the medium term, one of the greatest risks is the possible relapse of the good performance demonstrated over the past few years. Traditionally the affected areas have had low school enrolments and wide gender gaps in terms of access. However, since 2004 these areas have witnessed a marked improvement in access to education in particular of girls. This has been the results of years of sensitisation and girls’ education interventions in combination with the abolition of school fees. The current situation puts these achievements at risk with longer term negative impacts.

The proposed interventions will address the above needs and respond with urgency to the situation. Strong coordination with a leading role for the government at regional and district level is foreseen. The humanitarian actions below are categorised under the emergency phase, and are designed to ensure that basic learning requirements are met within a period of six months of the floods in affected areas northern Ghana.

Provision of materials for the establishment of temporary learning spaces for basic school children where school buildings have collapsed (up to 120 learning spaces, 23,000 children).

Provision of materials and school furniture for the rehabilitation of damaged schools (up to 240 schools, 46,000 children).

Assist and initiate construction of damaged and destroyed schools in line with government standards, including provision of water and sanitation facilities, to replace destroyed school buildings.

Replacement of teaching guides, student text books and other T&L materials. Realisation of a back-to-school campaign in the most affected areas (240 schools, 46,000

children). This will include sensitisation and capacity building of school management committees and Parent, Teacher’s Association (PTA), and recreational activities and psychosocial support for the most affected children.

Establishment of an operational, government-led assessment, monitoring and coordination system.

Provision of technical support and supplies for school rehabilitation and the development of school construction standards in line with child friendly school principles.

Expected Output Children continuing with schooling and normalcy restored in their lives in flood-affected

communities, resulting in an increase of access to basic education with 5% compared to the 2006/07 school year.

Strengthened response capacities of local government bodies, in particular district education offices and circuit supervisors.

EDUCATION Value($)

UNICEF

GHA-07/E01

Project Title: Emergency Basic Education

Total project 500,000

Objectives: To provide continued access to basic quality education to an estimated 46,000 basic school children

Beneficiaries: Approximately 46,000 children and 240 schools in 240 communities

Partners: Ministry of Education, Science and Sports, Ghana Education Service: Regional and District Education Offices, Regional and District Local Governments, Northern Network for Education Development and their members

TOTAL 500,000

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3.5 NUTRITION

Sector Lead: UNICEFPartners: WFP, FAO, MoH/GHS, GRCS, CRS

Objectives1. To reduce the prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition to levels below critical

thresholds (<15% and <7% respectively). 2. Ensure vitamin A supplementation among 6-59 months children and post-partum women3. To protect the nutritional status of pregnant and lactating women.4. To encourage care practices for child survival, growth and development and the well-

being of pregnant and lactating women.

StrategyThis project will protect the nutritional status of flood-affected populations at risk of malnutrition or with special nutritional needs. These groups include pregnant/lactating women and children under-five who will be affected by the floods over a three to six month period. Many flood-affected households lost agricultural fields and food stocks as a result of the floods causing a precarious household food security situation. The effects will be particularly severe over the coming months. The expected implication this will have on the nutritional status of children will need to be monitored. Pregnant and lactating women will have nutritional needs that may not be met by existing food sources. Prolonged dry spells during the farming season had already significantly reduced anticipated yields, with floods rendering the food security of affected populations more uncertain. Prior to the emergency the prevalence of acute malnutrition3 was relatively high in the north. The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in late 2006 found the prevalence of acute malnutrition to be 11.6% and 7.1% in the Upper East and Northern Regions, respectively. These projects target 7,500 pregnant/lactating women and 2,500 moderately malnourished children with supplementary ration of fortified blended food, and 1100 severely malnourished children with plumpy’nut (Ready to Use Therapeutic Food [RUTF]), out of a total estimated population of 75,000 persons affected.

All activities will be coordinated at the national level in the context of the Inter-agency Nutrition Partners (INP) with a view to identifying resources and capacity, under the leadership of the Nutrition Unit (MoH/GHS). Distribution of nutritional supplies (fortified blended food, Vulnerability Assessment Committee [VAC], RUTF) at the regional and district level will be under the guidance of MoH/GHS. In anticipation of supplementary and therapeutic feeding after needs assessment, the distribution (including logistics) and monitoring of the activities at the local level will be delegated to NGO partners such as the CRS, and the GRCS. Mother-to-mother support group members and growth promoters among the internally displaced persons (IDPs) will be engaged to support pregnant and lactating women and provided tools such as counselling cards and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) bands. Design and distribution of the communication package for advocacy and awareness creation on essential nutrition actions will be carried out by inter-agency partner coordination group, with support from CRS, GRCS and other NGOs on the ground.

Humanitarian Actions/ActivitiesIn collaboration with GHS and other NGO partners, the following activities will be carried out: Conduct rapid assessment of Nutrition situation with WFP and GHS to identify priority needs and

local capacity. This will include MUAC survey to estimate target population for the project; Based on the assessment of need, plan appropriate activities for infant and young child feeding

and micronutrient supplementation (vitamin A); Establish a monitoring system for therapeutic feeding activities; Supplementary feeding programmes for recovery and rehabilitation of moderately and severely

malnourished children; Supplementary feeding for pregnant/lactating mothers; Ensure adequate human resource capacity for active case finding and state-of-the-art

management of acute malnutrition. Update local health and nutrition personnel on the emergency screening and identification of severely and moderately malnourished children using MUAC. This includes use of the new protocol for managing the therapeutic feeding activities using RUTF;

Mobilise communication package for advocacy and awareness creation on Essential Nutrition Action (ENA) (including use of iodated salt) and hygiene education (community mobilisation);

3 Acute malnutrition defined as proportion of children under five years of age with weight-for-height more than two standard deviations below mean.

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Continue to monitor the nutrition situation, needs and interventions; Ensure every child has a Child Health Card (replace missing cards).

Expected Outcomes and Impact Prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition reduced to levels below critical thresholds

(<15% and <7% respectively). The nutritional needs of pregnant and lactating women are met. 95% of children 6-59 months and post-partum women receive vitamin A supplementation.

NUTRITION Value($)

UNICEF

GHA-07/H04

Project Title: Provision of emergency nutrition services to flood affected populations of Upper East, Upper West and Northern Regions

Total project:200,000


80,765

Net requirements:

119,235

Objectives: To ensure that the nutritional needs of affected children and are met, that children suffering from acute severe malnutrition are properly managed, and that families and care-givers have access to good quality basic nutrition information

Beneficiaries: 15,000 children under-five years of age, including 1,100 severely malnourished children out of a total population of 75,000 flood-affected persons

Partners: WFP, MoH, Regional Health Administration and District Health Management Teams of the GHS and CBOs, GRCS, CRs, and others.

WFP(costs included under WFP project in Food Security Section)

Project Title: Targeted food assistance to flood affected populations in northern Ghana.

Objectives: To ensure that the nutritional needs of affected families are met, including pregnant and lactating women, and that children suffering from moderate malnutrition are properly managed.

Beneficiaries: 7,500 pregnant/lactating women and 2,500 moderately malnourished children under-five years of age out of a total population of 75,000 flood-affected persons.

Partners: UNICEF, MoH, Regional Health Administration and District Health Management Teams of the GHS and CBOs, GRCS, CRS, and others.

TOTAL 200,000

3.6 COMMON SERVICES

In order to effectively address the immediate, medium and longer term needs as well as prevent further deterioration of the situation, a coordinated approach will be pursued as a matter of urgency. This concerted approach is critical to reduce the risks in the affected regions and to help ensure the timely provision of relevant assistance to those affected by the floods. In this regard, the United Nations will maintain its commitment during the next six months to help authorities reinforce relevant coordination mechanisms, sustain joint planning and assessments, enhance information management and overcome the logistical challenges hindering the response to the floods.

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3.6.1 Appealing Agency: WFP

Partners: Government of Ghana, support service providers to all humanitarian actors responding to the floods

Objectives Build up inter-agency collaboration to enhance predictability, timeliness and efficiency of the

logistics response to meet beneficiaries’ needs through identifying and addressing logistics gaps, bottlenecks and ensuring that they are appropriately addressed.

Identify logistics support needs in terms of light road and bridge repair. This will be addressed through the project components outlined below.

StrategySignificant parts of Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions have been affected by heavy floods. Critical infrastructure has been damaged; major bridges and roads were washed away. Access constraints due to collapsed bridges and road damages are severely hampering the relief operations in the affected area.

The current logistics set-up in Ghana for the United Nations and the humanitarian community is not positioned to meet these new operational requirements. This component addresses the augmentation required to enable immediate logistics support to Government and partner capacity to deliver the increased quantities of humanitarian relief items. The WFP will assist in implementing the logistics for the delivery of the much needed supplies to the flood victims through a Special Operation.

The logistics sector will ensure that ongoing projects can continue and flood emergency response operations follow a coordinated approach to most efficiently assist the affected population. Senior logistics professionals will work with Government at Regional level and institutional capacity-building that will contribute to smooth implementation of transport-related component of interventions.

Gaps in existing requirements for augmented logistics support are currently being reviewed with Government. Light road and bridge repair will enable road transport to commence again and reach beneficiaries in need of humanitarian assistance. A road engineer will assess actual requirements and provide advice on road and bridge repairs to ensure access.

The project will be phased out as soon as road access to the locations in question is secured, bridges and roads repaired and air operations are no longer required.

Component 1: River transportation support Since large numbers of communities continue to be cut off by flood waters, WFP will initiate and coordinate transport by river boats to deliver humanitarian aid. This will avoid the sending of air assets to locations where boat transport capacity could have been available and capable of delivery. An estimated number of six boats will be mobilised to facilitate these deliveries.

River boats will be mobilised by air for the duration of the operation (or until the floods have receded following the end of the rainy season) together with support teams, to start organising the assistance and help put in place a delivery network able to reach all the affected areas. As many bridges have collapsed and severe damage to roads is reported, river boats will be essential to be able to start an efficient chain of supplies and help reach the most remote areas.

Component 2: Ad hoc bridge and road repairsFollowing an assessment mission, a team of experts will be mobilised through WFP existing Stand-by Agreement with SRSA (Swedish Rescue Service Agency) to carry out urgent spot repairs and installation of bridges to secure more permanent access to the affected areas. Once more precise information is available, WFP will review the budget provisions made.

Component 3: Logistics augmentationTamale and Bolgatanga are identified as the logistics hubs to be developed due to their central location and infrastructure. WFP will set up its own warehouses in these locations. Basic warehouse equipment will be purchased and connectivity upgraded to implement commodity tracking. WFP will also put in place a delivery network from the port of entry and up to the various delivery sites.

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Six trucks will be leased in order to fill gaps in transport needs for the humanitarian community, based in each of the three regions. Trucks will be used and directly managed by the Government of Ghana, to address logistics priorities as identified by the Logistics sector.

Component 4: Support to logistics activities & information managementThe logistics sector will focus on coordination, information sharing, identification and alleviation of gaps and bottlenecks. It will contribute to all humanitarian actors’ flood emergency response and contribute to their operations following a coordinated approach to most efficiently assist the affected population.

Logistics information management will be enhanced through an appropriate structure including capacity for mapping and cargo prioritisation, to help the logistics sector prioritise. This will feed information into the overall management information system.

This Special Operation will address these challenges by augmenting the logistics capacity, providing information management, and repairing key roads and bridges in support of the humanitarian community as a whole. The scope of the operation will be adjusted to the realities on the ground.

Expected Output and Impacts1. Truck and boat transport available to enhance government capacity to deliver the most urgent

humanitarian assistance.2. Light road and bridge network repair to ensure continued deliveries of aid cargo.3. Logistics information is shared for identification and response to gaps and bottlenecks.

COMMON SERVICES Value($)

WFP

GHA-07/CSS01

Project Title: Logistics

Total project:1,097,757

Objectives: River transportation support; Ad hoc bridge and road repairs;Logistics augmentation; Support to logistics sector activities and information management.

Beneficiaries: Humanitarian CommunityPartners: Government of Ghana, support service

providers to all humanitarian actors responding to the floods

TOTAL 1,097,757

3.6.2 Appealing Agency: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Partners: NADMO, Regional, District Coordination Councils and Community Leaders in

flooded and adjacent flood-prone regions and OCHAObjectives To reinforce disaster communication and community participation in flood affected regions. To reinforce the communication capacity for those regions where flooding is imminent.

StrategyThe effects of the recent floods in the three Northern regions have revealed coordination and communication challenges both within NADMO and its affiliated institutions including the Regional Coordination Councils and District Planning and Coordinating units responsible for coordinating disaster relief assistance. This is causing delays in sharing vital information between these institutions at the national and district levels in the three Northern regions affected by floods for quick and coordinated assistance. The joint assessment by government and United Nations teams also revealed some difficulties in obtaining up to date data to facilitate accurate reporting of damages and losses. At the same time, it is reported that more rains will arrive in the coming months which may worsen the flooding. Against this back drop, it is critical to urgently reinforce coordination capabilities and establish basic information management structure in these affected regions that will enable authorities to effectively address immediate and more long-term implications of current and future floods. This project will be implemented in close collaboration with OCHA to ensure that emergency information management aspects and those related to disaster risk preparedness are taken into consideration.

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The establishment of a comprehensive information management system in the affected regions will enable actors at all levels to gather, analyse and disseminate data as a basis for determining emergency and recovery operations. NADMO’s capacity will be built at the national, regional and district levels to be able to harness the above information in its coordination activities and prevention of future disasters.

Expected Output and Impacts1. Disaster management institutions equipped with minimum necessary capabilities for

effective disaster relief response coordination.2. Functioning information management system to ensure coordinated disaster relief and

reinforce preparedness for expected flooding in the North and adjacent flood prone regions.

CAPACITY BUILDING Value($)

UNDP

GHA-07/CSS02

Project Title: Ramp up emergency coordination capacity of disaster-related institutions in the three Northern regions

Total project:150,000

Objectives: To provide effective coordination capability for disaster institutions in the three Northern regions.

To put in place information management system for effective planning, provision and monitoring of disaster relief and recovery effort

Reinforce disaster preparedness of adjacent flood prone regions.

Beneficiaries: NADMO, Regional Coordination Councils, District Coordination Councils of Northern/Upper East and Upper West Regions and other adjacent flood-prone regions

Partners: NADMO, Regional Coordination Councils, District Coordination Councils of Northern/Upper East and Upper West Regions other adjacent flood-prone regions

TOTAL 150,000

3.6.3 Appealing Agency: OCHA

Partners: NADMO, Regional Coordination Councils, UNDP and humanitarian response actors

Objectives To support United Nations efforts to enable authorities to effectively manage the coordination of

the humanitarian response and to reinforce their disaster risk reduction capacity. To ensure that relevant coordination tools and structures are established including effective

information management systems, joint planning processes and common resource mobilisation frameworks.

To support the establishment of appropriate frameworks to monitor the links between emergency operations and recovery/rehabilitation programmes.

To facilitate the development of a comprehensive advocacy strategy to mobilise support for priority needs.

StrategyAs a result of significant flooding in northern Ghana, it is expected that coordination of the humanitarian response will need to be continued for a period of approximately six months. The scale of the current floods have revealed a critical need to adjust existing disaster management structures as well as key planning and resource mobilisation mechanisms. The key areas that will require continued support include support for field coordination, enhanced emergency information management structures, strengthened common planning and resource mobilisation as well as advocacy. Following the government’s request for United Nations leadership in the coordination of the international response a disaster management team (UNDAC) and a core group of OCHA staff from

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its Regional Office for West Africa were deployed to assist the UN Country Team and the humanitarian community at large. These teams provided critical support through on-site coordination, information management, assessment missions and the formulation of common strategies and requests for resources. It will be of equal importance to ensure that this emergency management capacity is transmitted to national authorities and other partners.

In light of the above, OCHA will temporarily reinforce the office of the Resident Coordinator to sustain these interventions and ensure a smooth transfer to relevant entities and partners. This will be done through the deployment of one international Humanitarian Affairs Officer (HAO), one national HAO and one national Information Management officer (IMO). It is envisaged that the Humanitarian Affairs Officers will work closely with the various humanitarian stakeholder and the government to ensure close coordination of the emergency response and appropriate links to the recovery/rehabilitation effort. The IMO will work closely with UNDP and other relevant counterparts to ensure the efficient collection, analysis and dissemination of data particularly for the humanitarian community and authorities.

In addition, the team will work closely with the NADMO to ensure that relevant disaster risk reduction measures are adopted at the appropriate levels and that action required by international partners is clearly outlined in relevant planning documentation. This approach will strengthen the capacity of national structures to undertake sustainable disaster risk reduction and lead ensure the appropriate level of response preparedness.

Expected Output and Impacts3. Humanitarian coordination structures, processes and products are accessible and

used by key stakeholders. Products include common strategies, relevant coordination structures, appeals, contingency plans, maps and updated contact matrix.

4. NADMO’s emergency management capacity is reinforced.

COORDINATION Value($)

OCHA

GHA-07/CSS03

Project Title: Coordination of humanitarian response

Total project 242,981

Objectives: To provide surge capacity to the UN and partners through the Resident Coordinator to effectively manage the coordination of humanitarian response.

To ensure that relevant coordination tools and structures are established including effective information management systems, joint planning processes and common resource mobilisation frameworks.

To support the establishment of appropriate frameworks to monitor the links between emergency operations and recovery/rehabilitation programmes.

To facilitate the development of a comprehensive advocacy strategy to mobilise support for priority needs.

Beneficiaries: Humanitarian Community, NADMO, Regional Coordination Councils.

Partners: UNDP, Humanitarian Community, NADMO, Regional Coordination Councils.

TOTAL 242,981

As an addition to the above mentioned sum, the Danish Emergency Management Agency has already donated ICT equipment for the value of $55,000 to the ongoing OCHA operation in the flood affected areas as an in-kind contribution

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3.7 SHELTER/NON-FOOD ITEMS

Sector Lead: IOM/UNHCRPartners: Ministry of Interior, Ghanaian District Authorities, NADMO, GRCS

Based on the rapid assessment made in Ghana’s flood stricken northern regions by the Government and national and international relief agencies, it is estimated that, approximately 25% (18,750) of the most affected 75,000 people have had their traditional mud-dwellings severely damaged, washed away or totally destroyed, and have lost their basic household items. This target group has been temporarily hosted by the rest of the local community in private or public facilities, and there is an urgent need of immediate assistance to rebuild and equip their traditional homes in order to reduce the burden, which their presence is creating on their hosts families or public structures.

ObjectiveReduce the vulnerability of the most vulnerable amongst the worse affected population through the provision of household and shelter needs.

StrategyTo save lives and enable beneficiaries to regain their independence in the shortest possible timeframe, which will eventually reduce protection risks and the burden on their host families and public structures, it is necessary to take an environmentally friendly and integrated action. Within the UN collaborative efforts, IOM as the lead agency will be supported by UNHCR’s technical expertise and guidance in the implementation of distribution of NFIs. IOM/UNHCR, in close coordination with the other United Nations partners and the Government of Ghana at central level and in direct cooperation with the Ghanaian District Authorities, NADMO, its national NGO partners present in the affected sites and GRCS will provide:

a) tents and 7,500 plastic sheets that are necessary to stabilise critically affected population, alleviate the pressure on the host community, and enhance the protection of most vulnerable members of the community: women, children, disabled and elderly persons to provide additional space to the temporary host dwellings while the affected populations rebuild their traditional homes;

b) basic non-food domestic items such as blankets, kitchen-sets, jerry can, and sleeping mats to targeted and most vulnerable members of the community: women, children, disabled and elderly persons;

c) financial and technical support for the construction/restoration of their mud-blocks houses on higher grounds possibly with a cement’s plastered base;

d) financial and technical support for the reforestation of the areas from where frame timber of the dwellings will be extracted.

Expected ImpactAffected persons identified as being the most vulnerable among the affected communities, including women, children, disabled and elderly persons and who have lost their domestic items and shelter as a result of the floods, are protected, stabilised and capacitated to resume a semblance of normalcy through the provision of essential domestic items and material and technical support for the repair/reconstruction of their damaged/destroyed dwellings.

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SHELTER/NON-FOOD ITEMS Value($)

IOM/UNHCR

GHA-07/S/NF01AB

Project Title: Material and technical emergency support towards immediate response and the restoration of livelihood.

UNHCR Non-Food

240,000

IOMShelter

878,795

Objectives: Decrease vulnerability of the most vulnerable amongst the worse affected population through the provision of domestic and shelter needs; Non Food household items/commodities and material and technical support toward the repair/ reconstruction of their shelter.

Beneficiaries: Total Number: 18,750 flood displaced vulnerable persons (3,750 families) including +/- 4,000 women and 11,000 children.

Partners: Ghanaian District Authorities, NADMO, GRCS.

TOTAL 1,118,795* Subject to approval by the UNHCR Budget Committee

3.8 SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS Lead UN Agencies: UNDP and FAOPartners Care International, Africa 2000 Network, Irrigation Development

Authority, Concern International Ministry of Fisheries, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Department of Feeder Roads.

ContextHeavy rainfall, coupled with the spillage of excess water from the Bagre Reservoir in Burkina Faso has resulted in extensive floods in the Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions of Northern Ghana. This has culminated in the destruction of community/public infrastructure, household assets and means of livelihoods of about 260,000 undermining human security in the affected areas. The damage caused includes the collapse of houses, nine bridges, an unspecified number of schools, destruction of water supply and irrigation systems, farmlands, food storage and processing facilities and loss of livestock, among others.

Objectives To support institutional capacity development, empowerment and restoration of livelihoods in 75

flood-affected communities in the three Northern Regions of Ghana. ii. Rehabilitation of socio-economic infrastructure and services in the 75 flood affected

communities.

StrategyFor the restoration of livelihoods and provision of employment and income generating opportunities of the flood victims; and the rehabilitation of the destroyed infrastructure, UNDP and FAO are proposing to work with district and community based partners using a five-pronged approach:

Review/development of Community Action Plans to reflect disaster recovery initiatives to provide a framework for mobilising resources and support for the communities;

Development of Quick Impact Activity Plans for recovery and restoration of production capacities of affected communities;

Rehabilitation of bridges, irrigation and water supply systems and other socio-economic infrastructure through labour intensive food for work approaches;

Provision of support for alternative livelihood activities such as aquaculture, small ruminants and livestock production and agro-processing, especially for women.

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EXPECTED OUTPUT AND IMPACTS

Expected outcome Expected Output Commencement Date

Agricultural activities in flood affected areas enhanced (FAO)

Land recovery (incl. fertiliser, organic manure) October Rehabilitation of irrigation and water management systems

October

Rehabilitation of food storage facilities October Introduction of disease resistant and early maturing improved varieties of food crop, combined with training

October

Agricultural equipment provided October Existing non-agricultural livelihoods restored (UNDP)

Communities provided with livelihoods assets for restarting their income generating activities

October

Restoration of access to socio-economic infrastructure (UNDP)

Roads, footbridges, markets etc rehabilitated October

Capacity of DCTs and VDCs to handle disaster recovery enhanced (UNDP)

Enhanced mobility and facilitation roles of DCTs and VDCs (provision of telephone and telegraph board [T&T], stationery)

October

Alternative agricultural livelihoods identified and introduced (FAO, UNDP)

Alternative agricultural livelihoods introduced November Provision of agricultural equipment, post harvest technology and agro-processing training

November

Alternative livelihoods for mid-term identified and introduced (UNDP)

Alternative non-agricultural livelihoods introduced. (Food processing, etc.)

November

Access to business development services enhanced (UNDP)

Community groups trained in group formation, saving activities, micro enterprise development, and provision of microfinance

November

Expected Impacts Sustainable livelihoods of flood affected communities restored. Alternative livelihoods identified and introduced. Access to financial credits enhanced. Community infrastructure rehabilitated. Capacity of District Coordinating Teams and Village Development Committees to plan,

implement, monitor and evaluate coping strategies and to manage disaster recovery increased.

SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS Value($)

UNDP

GHA-07/ER/I01

FAO

GHA-07/A02

Project Title: Restoration of Sustainable Livelihoods for Flood Affected Communities in Northern Ghana.

Total project 1,500,000

UNDP 750,000 (alternative livelihoods

outside agriculture)

FAO 750,000 (agriculture

related livelihood interventions)

Objectives: 1) To provide economic empowerment opportunities to members of the 75 communities in the three northern regions of Ghana; 2) To support the rehabilitation of community socio-economic infrastructure in the 75 affected communities.

Beneficiaries: 75,000 (45,000 women, 30,000 men) in 75 communities in the three northern regions.

Partners: United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (UN-HABITAT), CARE International, Africa 2000 Network, District Assemblies, Decentralised government departments (Ministries of Food and Agriculture; Fisheries; Community Development; Department of Rural Housing, Department of Feeder Roads, Gender Desk Officers; etc.), CBOs in each community.

TOTAL 1,500,000

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ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

UNDP FAOOther partners

(Africa 2000 Network;CARE International)

Coordination. Support to Community

Action Plan reviews and implementation.

Support to restoring non-agricultural activities.

Support to identification and introduction of alternative livelihoods.

Support for the provision of financial services from UNDP partner MFIs.

Support to community socio-economic infrastructure rehabilitation through Labour-intensive. Approaches and/or Food for Work (e.g. roads, footbridges, schools, clinics, markets).

Operational and financial support to District Coordinating Teams (DCTs).

Operational support to Village Development Committees (VDCs) and other CBOs.

Coordination. Provision of material and

technical support to partners and beneficiaries.

Enhancement of productive capacities: introduction of improved varieties, training, post harvest technology and agricultural equipment.

Support to aquaculture (fish ponds), livestock and agro-processing.

Local coordination (with DCTs, VDCs, CBOs).

Support to review/expansion of Community Action Plans.

Provision of sensitisation and strengthening community initiatives.

Provision of technical training Establishment of sustainable

mechanism (e.g., livestock, grain banks).

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4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The humanitarian community’s flood response is under the overall leadership of the Resident Coordinator.

The sectoral leadership is provided by lead agencies as outlined below:

SECTOR LEAD AGENCIES MAIN PARTNERSFood Security WFP/FAONutrition UNICEF WFP/FAOWater, Sanitation and Hygiene UNICEFEducation UNICEF UNESCOCoordination and Information Management UNDP/Resident Coordinator Office (RCO) OCHAHealth UNICEF/WHOLogistics WFPNon-Food Items and Shelter IOM/HCRSustainable Livelihood UNDP/FAO

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Table II: List of Appeal Projects

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ANNEX I.INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT

SOCIETITES

West Africa: Floods Ghana, Togo, and Burkina Faso

This Emergency Appeal has been revised, and now seeks a total of CHF 2,518,791 (USD 2.1 million or EUR 1.5 million) in cash, kind, or services to assist a total of some 94,825 beneficiaries in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Togo for 6 months.

Given the regional scope of the disaster, the Federation is basing its strategy on a West Africa regional approach. The Ghana component of this Appeal was initially launched on a preliminary basis on 17 September 2007. Togo and Burkina Faso were subsequently added to the appeal. Country-specific updates will be made available shortly.

Emergency Appeal No. MDR61002

GLIDE nos. FL-2007-000153-GHA, FL-2007-000158-TGO and FL-2007-000132-BFA

Red Cross and Red Crescent action

In Ghana, Red Cross volunteers at the district and community levels have been: Assisting those affected to evacuate buildings and to salvage belongings. Carrying out health education. Continuing to provide first aid to affected persons.

At the regional level, the Federation Secretariat is collaborating with Ghana’s National Disaster Management Organization (NADMO) and the Regional Epidemics Committee to deliver relief items and support to the affected persons. Red Cross volunteers have also embarked on house-to-house flood prevention and education measures and prevention of other hazards that occur in their communities. They are emphasizing personal responsibility for flood prevention/mitigation in day-to-day living practices such as maintenance of drainage systems and the need to identify escape routes. Post disaster health education on personal and community hygiene against cholera and typhoid has begun in the shelters. Regional Disaster Response Team (RDRT) members and Federation delegates have been deployed in the field since 14 September 2007 to provide support to the GRCS in relation to flood disaster management.

The planned emergency relief items have been ordered from the Federation’s Regional Logistics Unit (RLU) in Dubai, and procurement is being prioritised in lien with funding realities. Community-based health and hygiene promotion has started.

Early recovery assessment activities have been included in relief assessments. A key early response has been to seek feedback from affected communities on the appropriateness of relief items being provided to enable the Red Cross and other humanitarian actors to improve the quality of relief

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The Red Cross has conducted rapid assessments in several flood-affected areas (here in Burkina-Faso). Detailed assessments are ongoing.


provision. Secondary assessments have been conducted, and the results have more specifically shown the extent, location, and numbers of affected people in eight of the most affected districts. Assessment data substantiated the needs identified in the earlier multi-agency assessments, and confirm the interventions underway by the GRCS and Federation interventions.

Coordination and partnerships

Through its Geneva Secretariat and West and Central Africa Zone offices, the Federation continues to co-ordinate very closely with the Ghana Red Cross in all initiatives taken to support the affected population. According to its mandate, the Ghana Red Cross is managing the emergency response while addressing the immediate shelter and health needs of the most vulnerable populations.

The GRCS is working closely with UN partner’s such as the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the World Food Programme (WFP), and UNICEF, as well as NGO’s. Further co-ordination mechanisms are currently being explored with local actors and partners.

The Government Disaster Management body in charge of the coordination of emergency response in Ghana, Ministries, UN agencies, NGOs and the Red Cross attend daily emergency meetings.

UNOCHA has provided technical support to the UN Country team in this particular disaster in order to set up a database meant to strengthen the coordination mechanism, especially with a view to providing a rapid overview through coordinated assessments. NGOs and UN Agencies’ profile in Ghana is development oriented.

The proposed operation

Specific Needs: The GRCS operation in the affected areas will continue to focus on humanitarian assistance to help elderly and vulnerable persons to recover. They will also continue promoting hygiene and provide useful information to prevent epidemic and water born diseases.

The GRCS assistance is designed to provide some 60,000 vulnerable persons corresponding to 10,000 households. The GRCS is providing support with shelter kits to communities to rebuild their homes, distribution of NFI as well as strengthening current preventative health and wat/san activities.

The specific needs are for the distribution of shelter kits, blankets, kitchen set, jerry cans, basic relief items (soap, candles), and water purification products accompanied by health education activities. The Federation is planning to resource and deliver 30,000 blankets (3 pieces per family), 20,000 jerry cans, 10,000 kitchen sets, 10,000 shelter kits, 360,000 pieces of soap (250 gr. p/p month).

Through the planned relief operation the national society will also endeavour to strengthen the capacity of its branches to address the coordination of relief operations in future emergencies. Ongoing assessments will inform what (if any) role the GRCS can play in meeting the longer term recovery needs of flood-affected families – and how these can help link GRCS relief activities with longer term health and care and disaster risk reduction programming.

Plan of action: The Federation is assisting the GRCS in their relief operation for 10,000 displaced households through the provision of non-food items, tarpaulin, jerry cans, blankets, water purification tablets and other basic relief items. Health education activities are part of the projected distributions.

Objectives, activities planned and expected results

Objective 1: To provide shelter kits for 10,000 flood-affected families.

Activity planned: To procure, transport and distribute 10,000 shelter kits, 10,000 kitchen sets, 30,000 blankets and other relief items.

Expected result: 10,000 flood-affected displaced households have immediate access to shelter, have minimum protection from the effects of the environment and minimum basic household equipment is replenished.

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Objective 2: To provide timely and appropriate water, sanitation and NFI items to 10,000 flood-affected families.

Activity planned: To procure, transport and distribute 20,000 jerry cans, water purification tablets, 360,000 pieces of body soap (250 gr. p/p month), treated bed nets and other basic relief items. Distribution will be carried out together with health education activities.

Expected result: No epidemics occur in the area of operation and the population has immediate access to safe water and basic relief articles over the planned operation period.

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ANNEX I.ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACTs Artemisinin-based Combination TherapiesADRA Adventist Development and Relief Agency

CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief EverywhereCBO Community-based OrganisationCERF Central Emergency Response FundCFR Case Fatality RateCLTS Community-led Total SanitationCRS Catholic Relief Services

DCT District Coordinating TeamsDFID Department for International DevelopmentDHMT District Health Management Team

EHSU Environmental Health and Sanitation UnitENA Emergency Nurses AssociationEPI Expanded Programme on ImmunisationEPR Emergency Preparedness and Response

FA Flash AppealFAO Food and Agriculture Organization

GHS Ghana Health ServiceGRCS Ghana Red Cross SocietyGTZ German Technical Cooperation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische)

HAO Humanitarian Affairs Officer

IDPs Internally Displaced PersonsIDSR Integrated Diseases Surveillance and ResponseIFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent SocietiesIMCI Integrated Management of Childhood IllnessesIMO Information Management OfficerIOM International Organization for MigrationISC Indirect Support CostITN Insecticide Treated Nets

LLITBN Long-lasting Insecticide Treated Bed Nets

MFI Micro-finance InstitutionMICS Multiple Indicator Cluster SurveyMoFA Ministry of Food and AgricultureMoH Ministry of HealthMT Metric TonneMUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference

NADMO National Disaster Management OrganisationNGO Non-Governmental OrganisationNIP Inter-Agency Nutrition Partners

OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian AffairsOICI Opportunities Industrialization Centers InternationalOXFAM Oxfam

PTA Parent-Teacher’s Association

RA Reduced AttackRCO Resident Coordinator’s OfficeRDA Recommended Dietary AllowanceRUTF Ready-to-Use Therapeutic FoodSRSA Swedish Rescue Service Agency

T&T Telegraph and Telephone (board)

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UNDAC United Nations Disaster Assessment and CoordinationUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNFPA United Nations Population FundUN-HABITAT United Nations Centre for Human SettlementsUNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesUNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUSAID United States Agency for International Development

VAC Vulnerability Assessment CommitteeVDC Village Development Committee

WASH Water, Sanitation, and HygieneWB World BankWFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health OrganizationWV World Vision

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OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS(OCHA)

UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONSNEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10

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