FISHES OF SWITZERLAND, MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY · Carp, Cyprinus carpio During the Middle Ages, food...

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CH - 1131 Tolochenaz | Tél: +41 (0)21 802 20 75 Route de Genève | Le Boiron | C.P. 88 www.maisondelariviere.ch Route de Presinge 150 CH – 1254 Jussy | Tél: +41 (0)22 546 68 87 www.hesge.ch/hepia [email protected] FISHES OF SWITZERLAND, MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY Survey and investigations in lakes DR JEAN-FRANÇOIS RUBIN, Prof HES et Président de la Fondation

Transcript of FISHES OF SWITZERLAND, MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY · Carp, Cyprinus carpio During the Middle Ages, food...

Page 1: FISHES OF SWITZERLAND, MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY · Carp, Cyprinus carpio During the Middle Ages, food allowed during fasting were: • fish ... The Gold fish Jeanne Antoinette Poisson,

CH - 1131 Tolochenaz | Tél: +41 (0)21 802 20 75

Route de Genève | Le Boiron | C.P. 88

www.maisondelariviere.ch

Route de Presinge 150

CH – 1254 Jussy | Tél: +41 (0)22 546 68 87

www.hesge.ch/hepia [email protected]

FISHES OF SWITZERLAND,

MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY

Survey and investigations in lakes

DR JEAN-FRANÇOIS RUBIN,

Prof HES et Président de la Fondation

http://www.hesge.ch/hepia
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Table of contents

Description of the habitat Lake type Formation Spatio-temporal evolution

Origin of the fish

Fishing in lakes

Monitoring Fishing statistics Gill nets Ecosounding Diving

• Skin diving • Submarine

Examples The Arctic charr in Lake Geneva The Whitefish in Lake Joux

Practice Gill net survey Analysis of statistical fishing data

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Description of the habitat

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Typology

Temporary pond= Water body that sometimes dries up

Pond = Water body without different thermic layers

Lake = water surface div ided into two water bodies with temperatures that vary according to the season

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Typology based on fish composition

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Typology based on flora composition

Charion Potamion

Lemnion Nymphaeion

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Mountain lake

• Diatomae, green algae on the banks

• Some macrophyte

• Char, coregonids , trout

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Low altitude lake

• Sometimes eutrophic, bottom with mud

• Phytoplancton frequent, macrophytes on the edges

• Cyprinids , perch, pike

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Evolution

Lake Bienne in 4’000 ans

Lake Geneva in 30-50’000 ans

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Lake Geneva Origin

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Dinosaurs never drank the water of Lake Geneva

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15’000 years ago, A geological revolution

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Lake and glaciers

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Lake habitat

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Water level regulation

http://www.sisl.ch/technique/leman_fonctionnement.htm
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Physicochemical parameters

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Water temperature

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Air temperature Situation in Switzerland

Années au-dessus de la moyenne 1961-1990 Tendance en Suisse 1864-2011 Tendance dans l’hémisphère nord (terres) 1864-2011

Années au-dessous de la moyenne 1961-1990 Tendance en Suisse 1961-2011

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Lake water temperature

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Oxygen

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Oxygen W

ate

r d

en

sity

Water temperature°C

Late winter

Early winter

Summer

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Oxygen

Oxygen concentration at -309 m Limit depth of oxygen 4 mg/l

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Phophorus

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Eutrophication

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Eutrophication

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Situation in Switzerland

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Evolution in Lake Geneva

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Physicochemical monitoring of Lake

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Evolution of the lake shores

Veveyse 1886

today

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Evolution of the lake shores

Ouchy 1887

Ouchy today

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Evolution of the lake shores

Montreux vers 1860

Montreux today

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Evolution of the lake shores

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Vegetation

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Land planning

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Origin of the fishes

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Origin of the fish species in Lake Geneva

Native fish

Introduced fish

14 species

16 species

30 species

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How to research the origin ?

Historical data

Archeological data

Fishing statistics

Scientific s tudies

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Example of introduced

species

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Carp, Cyprinus carpio

During the Middle Ages, food allowed during fasting were:

• fish

• amphibians

• crayfish and …

• beavers !

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The Gold fish

Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour

Shéhérazade

1730 in France

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The Cat fish

From Canada….

To Lake Geneva

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The main groups

Salmonids

Cyprinids

The others…

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Evolution of the catch

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Evolution of the catch

For many years

Fish = Economical ressource

Unclear systematic

Many common names

Management based on economy

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Evolution of the catch

In Lake Geneva, 30 species

… only 5 commercially fished

Economical species… managed

Other species… less or not managed

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Evolution of the catch

Interest only for fishing

Action on one species

Stocking

Interest for biodivers ity

Action on the habitat

Renaturation

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Evolution of the catch

Common biais in the management: Construction of fish ladder

Action after a pollution

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Fishing in lakes

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Fishing in lakes

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Fish monitoring

• Fishing statistics

• Gill nets

• Ecosounding

• Diving

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Fishing statistics

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Fishing statistics

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Fish monitoring

• Fishing statistics

• Gill nets

• Ecosounding

• Diving

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Gill nets

Gill nets are selective depending on the mesh used

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Gill nets

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Fish monitoring

• Fishing statistics

• Gill nets

• Ecosounding

• Diving

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Ecosounding

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Ecosounding

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Ecosounding

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Fish monitoring

• Fishing statistics

• Gill nets

• Ecosounding

• Diving

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Diving


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