Fishes of Central Texas PowerPoint Stephen Curtis V3
Transcript of Fishes of Central Texas PowerPoint Stephen Curtis V3
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Fishes of Central Texas
Stephen Curtis
River Studies Program
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Fish Identification
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References
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© Guadalupe Basin Coalition
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Rivers & Streams – Habitat Types
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Riffles
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Minnows
Central Stoneroller
• Long, mottled body with lateral stripe
• Large fleshy mouth; tubercles on head & body
© TWRA / C. Thomas
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( State Threatened )
Suckers
• Elongate body w/small head
• L ong dorsal fin; inferior mouth
• Rio Grande & Colorado River
Blue Sucker
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Blue Sucker: Spawning
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Blue Sucker Tracking
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Darters
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Etheostoma
Orangethroat Darter
Greenthroat Darter
Rio Grande Darter
♂ MALE ♀ FEMALE
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Etheostoma
Fountain Darter
• Slim, elongate body with small rectangular blotches
• Dorsal & caudal fin with rows of spots
• Spring associated – habitat generalist
© C. Thomas; UT - BEG
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Percina
• Conical snout; vertical bars on body
Texas Logperch
Guadalupe Darter
• Dark rectangular/round lateral blotches
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Runs
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American Eel
• Long cylindrical, snake - like body
• Utilize structure in fast flowing water
Guadalupe @ Victoria & Gonzales / Lavaca
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American Eel: Spawning & Movement
© Bluenose Coastal Action Foundation
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American Eel: Public Outreach
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Public Response
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Minnows
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Minnows
Federally Threatened State Threatened
Federally Endangered Federally Endangered
Federally Endangered Federally Threatened
State Threatened
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Threats Facing Minnow Species
Impoundments Stream dewatering
Terrestrial
and
Aquatic
Invasive species
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• Deep body, cross - hatching on scales
• Dark shoulder patch
• Dark pigment between dorsal fin rays
Cyprinella
Blacktail Shiner
Proserpine Shiner
Plateau Shiner
Red Shiner
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© C. Thomas
Macrhybopsis
Burrhead Chub
Speckled Chub
Shoal Chub
Prairie Chub Peppered Chub
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Notropis
Ironcolor Shiner
Ghost Shiner
Weed Shiner
Texas Shiner Tamaulipas Shiner
Sand Shiner
Mimic Shiner
© C. Thomas • Typically slender - bodied, silver minnows
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Minnows: Spawning
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Sucker
• E longate body w/short dorsal fin
• Little to no coloration; up to 1.7 ft
Gray Redhorse
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Tetras
• Blunt snout w/sharp pointed incisors
• Open water schooling fish
• Introduced outside of the Rio Grande
Mexican Tetra
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Suckermouth Catfishes
( Non - Native)
• Body covered in hard bony plates; unique color patterns
• Inferior mouth with sucking disk
• Primarily utilize springs and spring runs
• Native to South America
© University of Florida
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Black Bass
• Dorsal fins w/shallow
notch
• Rows of spots on belly
• Mouth doesn’t extend
past eye in adults
• Tooth patch on tongue
• Differentiate based on
location
Guadalupe Bass
Spotted Bass
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Guadalupe Bass Restoration
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Pools
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Gar
Spotted Gar
Longnose Gar
• Short snout
• Long and
narrow snout
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Gar
• Short blunt snout; base of snout very wide
• Body spotted on posterior end
• 2 rows of teeth
Alligator Gar
Lower Guadalupe River
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Lower Guadalupe River
Trinity River Lower Brazos River
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Gar: Spawning
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Gar: Spawning
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Shads
• Blunt rounded snout
• Large shoulder spot
• Angled mouth
• Small shoulder spot
Gizzard Shad
Threadfin Shad
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( Non - Native)
• Deep elongate body w/large scales
• Long dorsal fin; 2 pairs of barbels
Common Carp
Carps
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Suckers
• Deep elongate body w/long dorsal fin
• B ottom dweller
Smallmouth Buffalo
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Catfishes
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Black Bullhead : Dark chin barbels
Yellow Bullhead : Light chin barbels
Catfishes
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• Rounded anal fin
• Spots on body
Channel Catfish
Catfishes
Headwater Catfish
• Square anal fin
• Flat head region
Blue Catfish
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Catfishes
• Long slender body; brown - black mottling
• Head depressed dorsally; lower jaw projects past upper jaw
• Caudal fin emarginate
Flathead Catfish
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Catfishes – Habitat Shift
Channel Catfish
Flathead Catfish
RIFFLE POOL
( Juvenile ) ( Adult )
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• Small fish w/superior mouth; swim near water surface
• Black bar on eye; cross hatching on scales
• Internal fertilization
Livebearers
Gonopodium
© C. Thomas
Western Mosquitofish
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Sunfish
• Body covered in scattered dark spots
• War paint on face & operculum; red eye
• Very large mouth; tooth patch on tongue
Warmouth
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Long or short
pectoral fin?
Long or short
gill rakers ?
Flexible opercle?
Solid black or white margin opercle ?
Sunfish Identification
vs.
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Sunfish
LONG PECTORAL SHORT PECTORAL
Bluegill
Orangespotted Sunfish
Redear Sunfish
Longear Sunfish Redbreast Sunfish
Green Sunfish Redspotted Sunfish
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• Long body w/dark mid - lateral stripe (may be absent)
• Deep notch between dorsal fins
• Large mouth (past eye); no tooth patch
Largemouth Bass
Black Bass
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Black Basses & Sunfishes: Spawning
© Pond Boss / Purdue University
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Drums
• Strongly arched, deep body; double dorsal fin
• Lateral line extends into caudal fin; up to 2.3 ft
• Benthic dweller
Freshwater Drum
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Cichlids
• Only native cichlid in the US
• Introduced outside of the Rio Grande
Rio Grande Cichlid