University of Massachusetts AmherstScholarWorks@UMass AmherstInternational Conference on Engineering andEcohydrology for Fish Passage

International Conference on River Connectivity(Fish Passage 2018)

Dec 11th, 1:30 PM - 3:10 PM

Fish deterrents and screen designsPeter EbenwaldnerAWMA Water Control Solutions

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conference

This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Fish Passage Community at UMass Amherst at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It hasbeen accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage by an authorized administrator ofScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.

Ebenwaldner, Peter, "Fish deterrents and screen designs" (2018). International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for FishPassage. 1.https://scholarworks.umass.edu/fishpassage_conference/2018/December11/1

Presented by Peter Ebenwaldner GM Screens & BarriersDecember 2018

Fish Exclusion Screen Design

1. Reasons for Fish Exclusion Screens

2. Application Considerations

3. Screen Design Considerations

4. General Design Guidelines

5. Best Practice Screen Design

6. Types of Fish Exclusion Screens

a) Travelling Screens

b) Cone Screens

c) Cylindrical Screens

7. Operational Benefits

8. Conclusion

PRESENTATION OVERVIEW

• Demand for irrigation is increasing

• Water supply is delivered via irrigation offtakes

• Offtakes may be pumped or gravity fed (involving channels, pumps, syphons etc)

• Protection for fish life cycles

REASONS FOR FISH EXCLUSION SCREENS

• Minimum and maximum depths

• Size of screened offtake

• Flows (e.g.: Fast, slow, gravity)

• Access (e.g.: Transportation, cranage etc…)

• Maintain water distribution

• Access to power

• Cultural, historical and environmental impacts

APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS

• Physical contact with the screen

• Impingement onto the screen

• Entrainment through the screen mesh

• Predation in the screen area

• Water quality

• Debris accumulations in bypass and channel

• Ensure uninterrupted flows

• Prevent silting via bed & embankment disturbance

• Power consumption

SCREEN DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

GENERAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

• Mesh size 1.5 to 3mm

• Approach Velocity <0.12 m/s

• Sweep Velocity (Vs) > Approach Velocity (Va)

• Screen Area (A) = Max Flow (Q)/Approach Velocity (Va) (A=Q/Va)

• Screens oriented at angles <45 Deg to flow to create sweeping flow in front of screen

Va

VsVc

ᴓ

Flow

Approach Velocity Va=Vc(sinᴓ)Sweeping Velocity Vs=Vc(cosᴓ)Where:Vc=Channel resultant velocityᴓ=Angle between screen face & channel flow line

BEST PRACTICE SCREEN DESIGN

• Aperture sizing to comply with nominated species• Uniformity of openings• Screen interface gaps (no bypass)• Uniform flow distribution across screen• Approach velocity • Cleaning system• Maintain ability to deliver offtake flows • Minimal headloss• Ability to cope with debris loading• Reliability• Minimal ongoing maintenance

TYPES OF FISH EXCLUSION SCREENS

1. Positive (Physical) Barrier ScreensE.g. Flat plate, drum, travelling, cylindrical, inclined, cones(Positive screen method is the most widely accepted and is the most successfully installed)

2. Behavioural DevicesE.g. Louvres, light & sound, air bubble curtains, hanging chains, water jet curtains, electric fields

TRAVELLING SCREENS

• Fish Exclusion & Debris removal• Engineered Polymer Travelling Screen• Typically 3.5m wide x up to 12m long• Chainless screen design

TRAVELLING SCREENS

• Innovative drive design• Polymer material • Various aperture size available• Scraper or water flush cleaning• Other than belt no moving parts in water• Reliable performance

CONE SCREENS• Cone shaped screens for shallow

intakes• Screen covers a bottom intake• Brush system rotates about

vertical axis to clean• Proven technology• Integrated cleaning system• Wedge wire screen medium• Internal diffuser

CYLINDRICAL SCREENS• Typically up to 147 ML/day (single screen) & 294 ML/day (T-screen)• Wedge wire screen medium• Slot sizes 0.5 mm to 3 mm• Proven technology• Excellent reputation with USA Fish Agencies and Customers• Low maintenance • Integrated cleaning system• Cylindrical screens for submerged intakes• Fixed position external brush• Internal brush• Cylinder rotates to clean• Retrievable or fixed position• Tee and drum style

CYLINDRICAL SCREENS FOR PUMP OFFTAKES• Typically 1.7 ML/day to 36 ML/day• Minimal head loss• Brush cleaned cylinder screen• Turbine drive cylinder, no power required• Stainless steel construction with wedge wire

cylinders• Optional pivoting elbow

ISI DESIGNED SINGLE CYLINDER SCREEN

External Brush

Arm assembly

Internal Brush

Arm assembly

Sumitomo

Gearbox

Aassembly

Turbine Drive

Lifting Eye

Wedgewire

Cylinder

Aassembly

Flow Modifier

Suction Pipe

FEATURING: WEDGEWIRE SCREEN MEDIUM• Wedge wire: #69V wire with 1.75mm slot openings (50% open area)• Screen approach velocity: 0.06 – 0.12 m/s (if automatically cleaned)

FEATURING: INTEGRATED CLEANING SYSTEMS• Brushes clean screens, inside and out• Stainless steel construction Screen area

cleaned by external and

internal brushes

Uncleaned manifold section

to show the difference

FEATURING: AUTOMATED OPERATION

Electric

Hydraulic

FEATURING: DEBRIS LOADING

• Screens can operate under heavy debris, sedimentation and biofouling conditions

FEATURING: EFFICIENT SCREEN INSTALLATION

• Cost• Methods• Environmental care• Protection of flora and fauna• Minimise disruption• Ensure irrigation flows

CONCLUSION

• Cost• Methods• Environmental Care• Protection of Flora & Fauna• Minimise disruption• Ensure irrigation flows

• Meet cost objectives; viability and sustainability

• Protect fish from entrainment and impingement

• Integrate and enhance natural environment

• Simplicity and low maintenance

• Whole of life cost

• Performance

• Compliance; Authorities, Standards, Environmental & Fisheries