Fish & Critters in Your Pond - University of South Florida & Critters in Your Pond ... Effect •...
Transcript of Fish & Critters in Your Pond - University of South Florida & Critters in Your Pond ... Effect •...
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Fish & Critters in Your Pond
Presented By Rob Burnes
Environmental Scientist
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Good Habitat/Bad HabitatBad HabitatGood Habitat
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What Makes Good Habitat
In the Littoral Zone You Want to…
• Maintain Variety
• Emphasize Edge Effect
• Maintain 30-50% Area Coverage of Plants
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Butterflies (Order Lepidoptera)
• Pollinate 75% of
Staple Crops and
Flowers.
• 2nd Only to Bees as
Pollinators
• Environmentally
Sensitive, so They are
Good Ecological
Indicators
Monarch Butterfly
Swallowtail Butterfly
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Dragonflies (Order Odonata)
• Tied to water due to early life stages
• Eat mosquitoes
• Excellent prey for fish
• Ecological indicator of low dissolved oxygen
Copyright John Kimbler
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Lady Bugs (Hippodomia convergens)
• Love to eat aphids
• Excellent natural pest control
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Apple Snails (Pomacea spp.)
• Eat algae and detritus
• Help to improve water quality
• Important food source for the Everglades Kite, also known as the Snail Kite
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Exotic Apple Snails
• Much larger than
natives
• Can outcompete
natives
• Found to have
negative impacts on
Snail Kites feeding
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Frogs (Order Anura)
• Indicator of good water quality
• Eat nuisance insects
• Extremely susceptible to pollutants
• Provide food for fish
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Turtles (Order Testudines)
• Help stimulate plant growth by eating plants
• Habitat loss and genetic mixing are the biggest threats to Florida native species
Florida Cooter
Yellow belly slider
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Small Fishes
Mosquitofish(Gambusia holbrooki)
• Usually 1-3 inches long
• Great food source for larger fish and wading birds
• Effective in controlling mosquito larvae
• Tolerant of poor water quality
Brook Silverside(Labidesthes sicculus)
• Usually 2-3 inches long
• Great food source for larger fish and wading birds
• Eat zooplankton and insect larvae
• Prefer clear water, intolerant of highly turbid water
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Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
• Only triploid grass carp are allowed in Florida• Must apply for an application through FFWCC
• Benefits of Grass Carp are that they provide long-term management of vegetation as long as they are stocked correctly
• A drawback is that they are not very selective and will eat a variety of plants
FFWCC Grass Carp Website:
http://myfwc.com/license/FreshwaterPermit_grasscarp.htm
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Sunfishes (Family Centrarchidae)
• Beloved by recreational anglers
• Fishes of this family are tolerant of environmental stressors and pollutants
• Prefer the cover of plants and woody debris
Largemouth Bass
Redear Sunfish
Bluegill
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Herons ( Family Ardeidae)
Little Blue
(Egretta caerula)• 22-29 Inches
• Eat Small fish,
amphibians, and
aquatic
invertebrates
• Most serious threat
is habitat loss
Green
(Butordies viregrens)
• 16-18 Inches
• One of the few tool using birds
• Winters in coastal areas
Tricolored
(Egretta tricolor)
• 24-28 Inches
• Can be distinguished by white belly
• Feed mainly on small fish
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Cormorants and Anhingas(Order Pelecaniformes)
• Common to this area
• Eat fish
• Look similar to one another– Cormorants have
a shorter tail and shorter blunter and hooked bill
– Anhingas have a longer pointy bill and their head is the same size as their neck
Anhinga
Cormorant
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Questions?