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STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF WIND TURBINE BLADE

OF PROFILE NACA 2418

PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

N.B.JAYARAMAN 105910144047

G.VENKATESH PERUMAL 105910144149

P.M.VENKATESWARAN 105910144150

B.VIGNESH 105910144151

In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

PSNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOY,

DINDIGUL: 624 622

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI- 600 025

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APRIL 2014

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF WIND

TURBINE BLADE OF PROFILE NACA 2418 is the bonafide work of

N.B.JAYARAMAN 105910144047

G.VENKATESH PERUMAL 105910144149

P.M.VENKATESWARAN 105910144150

B.VIGNESH 105910144151

who carried out the project work under my supervision during the academic year

2013-2014

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Dr.D.Vasudevan M.E., Ph.D. Mr.G.Magudeeswaran,M.E.,Ph.D.,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT Assistant professor

Mechanical engineering, INTERNAL GUIDE

PSNA College of Engg.,&Tech Mechanical Engineering,

Dindigul-624 622 PSNA College of Engg.,&Tech

Dindigul-624 622

Submitted for the Viva-Voice examination held on __________.

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project work entitled STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

OF WIND TURBINE BLADE OF PROFILE NACA 2418 is submitted to

department of mechanical engineering at PSNA College of Engineering & Technology

(Affiliated to ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI) for awarding the degree of Bachelor

of Engineering is a reward of original work done by us under the guidance of

Dr.G.MAGUDEESWARAN, M.E., Ph.D, PROFESSOR,

Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Place:

Signature of Students

Date :

N.B.JAYARAMAN

G.VENKATESH PERUMAL

P.M.VENKATESWARAN

B.VIGNESH

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to covey my heartful thanks to the management of PSNA college of

Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, who has given me an opportunity to undergo

my under graduation degree through providing excellent infrastructure facilities.

I greatly express my deep sense of gratitude and respect to our beloved principal

Dr. S. SAKTHIVEL M.E., B.E., M.Sc. (Eng.), M.B.A., Ph.D., PSNA college of

Engineering and technology, Dindigul for providing me with all the facilities in making

the work successful.

My sincere an humble thanks to the Head Of the Department, Dr. D. VASUDEVAN

M.E., Ph.D., Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSNA college of Engineering and

Technology, Dindigul for his constant help and guidance in developing this project.

I am very proud to extend my sincere thanks and gratitude to our efficient faculty

guide Dr. G. MAGUDEESWARAN M.E., Ph.D., Professor, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul for

his excellent guidance. Advice and encouragement which boosted up our energy

throughout the project Development.

I express my thanks to all the staff members for their whole hearted

involvement in enhancing my theme to a successful project.

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ABSTRACT

The need for usage of renewable resources is growing since fossil fuels had

already been depleted and they will last only for few years to come. Wind energy is one

form of renewable energy and it can be harnessed by means of wind turbines. They are

of the greater concern for the natural energy resources and the three bladed rotors is the

most important and the widely used commercial wind turbine in India. It is the rotor that

transforms the energy of the wind into mechanical energy that in turn operates the main

shaft of the wind turbine. Thus the aerodynamic performance each wind turbine varies

with respect to the profile of the blade. Thus each blade profile has insight view on the

power production of wind turbines at design stage prior to any experimental prototype.

The Present work involves the structural analysis of a wind turbine (HAWT) blade of

profile NACA 2418. The computational analysis was carried out using,

SolidWorks, used to create the 3D model

ANSA, used for pre-processing (Meshing)

ANSYS, used for processing (Solving and Post processing)

Table of Contents

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S. No. Title Page

No.

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Wind Turbine 3

1.2 Types of Wind Turbine 4

1.2.1 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) 5

1.2.2 Classifications of HAWT 6

1.3 Studies on performance Predictions 7

1.4 Torque and Thrust Exerted on a HAWT Blade 7

1.5 Airfoils 8

1.6 Basic Definitions 9

1.6.1 Tip Speed Ratio ( ) 9

1.6.2 Power Co-efficient (Cp) 10

1.6.2 Normal Force Co-efficient (Cn) 10

1.7 Analysis of Blade 10

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 11

3 BLADE ELEMENT MOMENTUM THEORY 12

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3.1 Blade Element Theory 12

3.2 Airfoils for Wind Turbines 14

3.3 NACA Airfoil Series 15

3.3.1 NACA 4-Digit Series 16

3.4 CAD Modeling 18

3.4.1 About SolidWorks 19

3.5 Pre-Processing 25

3.6 Solver 28

3.6.1 About ANSYS 28

4 RESULTS and DISCUSSIONS 30

4.1 General 30

4.2 Results of Static Analysis 30

4.2.1 Displacement Response of Blade 31

4.2.2 Stress and Strain Response of Blade 37

4.2.3 Dynamic (Modal) Analysis 46

4.3 Discussions 51

5 SUMMARY 53

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6 REFERENCES 54

List of Figures

S. No Title Page

No.

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1.1 Wind Energy Status of World Scenario 1

1.2 Wind Power Density map from the Indian Wind Atlas(2010) 3

1.3 Different Types of Wind Turbine 5

1.4 Representative Size. Height and Diameter of HAWT 6

1.5 Sub Systems of HAWT 7

1.6 Torque and Thrust Exerted on the Blade Section 8

3.1 Schematic of Blade Elements 13

3.2 Blade Geometry for Analysis of HAWT 14

3.3 NACA Airfoil Geometrical Construction 16

3.4 Blade Body 23

3.5 Blade to Hub Connector 23

3.6 Spar 24

3.7 Total Blade 24

3.8 Meshed Model View-1 27

3.9 Meshed Model View-2 27

3.10 Meshed Model View-3 28

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List of Tables

S. Title Page

No. No.

1.1 Scale Classifications of Wind Turbine 6

1.2 Design Parameters 9

3.1 Co-ordinates for Initial Airfoil 20

3.2 Co-ordinates for Final Airfoil 21

3.3 Types of Solvers 29