First Review Preview
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IMPLEMENTATION OFLONG TERM EVOLUTION
PHYSICAL LAYER
Guided by:
Dr. T. Arivoli
Visiting Faculty
KLU
P.C.Vijay Ganesh
9910114015
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ABSTRACT Mobile broadband is becoming a reality.
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and WiMax with data rate of 100Mbps
Round-trip time is less than 10ms
LTE supports flexible carrier bandwidths.
LTE supports both FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) and TDD
(Time Division Duplex)
To implement LTE Downlink With 2x2 MIMO
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INTRODUCTION
Generation Throughput Technology When was itaround
1G 14.4 Kbps AMPS,NMT,TACS 1970 - 1980
2G 9.6/14.4 Kbps TDMA,CDMA 1990 - 2000
2.5G 171.2 Kbps,
20-40 Kbps
GPRS 2001 - 2004
3G 3.1 Mbps ,
500-700 Kbps
CDMA 2000
(1xRTT, EVDO)
UMTS, EDGE
2004 - 2005
3.5G 14.4 Mbps1-3 Mbps HSPA 2006 - 2010
4G 100-300 Mbps, 3-5
Mbps
WiMax, LTE,
Wi-Fi
Now
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OBJECTIVE Design and implement a subset of the Physical Layer of LTE as perthe specification of 3rd Generation Partnership Project.
Designing a digital baseband transceiver.
DownLink
2x2 MIMO
Broadcast
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IMPLEMENTATION METHOD
Designing and verification of modules in LTE Downlink
Integration of modules
Simulink , Xilinx System Generator for simulation
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DL LTE Transmitter
CRC
Coding
Rate matching
Scrambler
Modulation
Resource mappingIFFT
Cyclic PrefixReference Signals
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DL LTE Receiver
CRC
Viterbi de-coding
De - Rate matching
ScramblerDe-Modulation
Resource de mapping
FFT
Remove Cyclic Prefix
Channel Estimator
Equalizer
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MODULE SPLIT UP
CRC
Modulation
Scrambler
Coding
Rate Matching
Resource Mapping
OFDMA Generator
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CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK
16 bit and 24 bit CRC
16 bit polynomial
X16+X12+X5+1
Used PBCH, PDCCH,SSS
24 bit polynomial
X24+X23+X6+X5+1
Used for CRC in PDSCH
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CODING
Convolution Coding 1/3 rate
D D D D D D
Din
D0k
D1k
D2k
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RATE MATCHING
Interleaving three bit from Convolution Coding D0k, D1k,D2k
Collection of Bits
Generate Circular Buffer
Sub Block
Interleaver
Sub Block
Interleaver
Sub Block
Interleaver
Bit
Collection
Circular
Buffer
D0k
D1k
D2k
V0k
V1k
V2k
Wk Ek
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SCRAMBLER
Pseudo-random sequence of length 31
C(n) = (X1(n) + X2(n)) mod 2
X1(n) = (X1(n+3) + X1(n)) mod 2
X2(n) = (X2(n+3)+X2(n+2)+X2(n+1)+X2(n))mod 2
Initial condition
X1(0) = 1
Else X1(n) = 0
Cinit = X2(i).2ii=0.30
X2(n) depends on cell identity
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SCRAMBLERX1(n)
X2(n)
Din Dout
C(n)
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MODULATION
QPSK
16 QAM
64 QAM
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Layer Mapping
Equal to Antenna Port
Separate into odd and even symbols
Y0(n) = M(2i) and Y1(n) = M(2i+1); i = 0.n
Layer
Mapping
Pre
Coding
M(n)
Y0(i)
Y1(i)
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Pre coding
Code book for pre coding
Code book for antenna port {0,1}
Index Layer 1 Layer2
1 1/2[1 -1]T 1/2 [1 11 1
]
2 1/2[1 -j]T1/2 [
1 1
]
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Reference Signals
Cell Specific Reference Signals
Transmitted in all Downlink sub frame.
One or several antenna port (0 to 3)
P1 P0
P0 P1
P1 P0
P0 P1
0 6
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Synchronization Signal
Primary synchronization signal
Zadeoff-chu sequence
D(n) = e(-j(( + 1)/63))n= 0,1.30
D(n) = e(-j(( + 1)( + 2)/63))n = 31,32. 61
U = 25
occupies symbol 6 of slot #0 and slot #10
Secondary Synchronization signal
Contains System information Block
Occupies symbol 5 of slot #0 and slot #10
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RESOURCE MAPPING
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
Primary Sync. Signal
Secondary Sync. Signal
PBCH Signal
Reference
Signal
DTX
0 13
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OFDMA Generation
OFDMIFFT
Cyclic
Insertion
Tu Tcp + Tu
Tcp
Rn
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LTE FDD Frame Structure
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LTE FDD Frame Structure
In LTE the timing definitions are defined in multiples of base time
unit Ts = 1/(15k * FFT(N))
Ts = 32.552 ns for FFT size of 2048
The time intervals can thus also be expressed as
Tframe = 307 200 * Ts, For frame ( 10 ms)
Tsubframe = 30 720 * Ts, for subframe (1 ms)
and Tslot = 15 360 * Ts for slot (0.5 ms)
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Receiver
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Implementation of CRC
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Result
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TOOLS
Matlab Simulink
Designing the model for Downlink of LTE
Xilinx ISE Synthesis model/ HDL code
Modelsim
Simulating model/HDL code
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ACTION PLANMONTH WEEK WORK PLANNED
July 1st & 2nd Discussion of area and title
July 3rd & 4th Study of Specification
August 1st & 2nd Downlink module Analysis
August 3rd & 4th Designing of CRC & Channel Coding
September 1st & 2nd Design of Rate matching and Segmentation
September 3rd & 4th Design of Scrambler and modulation
October 1st & 2nd Design of Layer and antenna mapping
October 3rd & 4th Integration of above Blocks and functional
testing
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LITERATURE SURVEY
L. Chen, W. Chen, B. Wang, X. Zhang, H. Chen, and D. Yang, System-
Level Simulation Methodology and Platform for Mobile Cellular
Systems,IEEE Communications Magazine, 2011, pp. 148-155.
Unified modeling of WiMax and LTE.
Object driven method and verify with standards
G. Piro, L.A. Grieco, G. Boggia, F. Capozzi, and P. Camarda, Simulating
LTE Cellular Systems : An Open-Source Framework,IEEE Transactions
on VEHICULAR Technology, vol. 60, 2011, pp. 498-513.
Complete performance verification of LTE networks.
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LITERATURE SURVEY
J.C. Ikuno, M. Wrulich, and M. Rupp, System level simulation of
LTE networks, Vehicular Technology Conference, 2010, pp. 1-5.
performance of the Downlink Shared Channel of LTE SISO and MIMO
using Matlab.
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LITERATURE SURVEY[1] 3GPP, TS 36.211 Physical Channel and Modulation, V10.1.0
(Release 10),2011.
[2] 3GPP, TS 36.212 Multiplexing and Channel coding , V 10.1.0
(Release 10), 2011.
[3] J.S. Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, 4G LTE/LTE-Advanced for
MobileBroadband, Academic Press, 2011.
[4] Farooq Khan, LTE for 4G Mobile Broadband, NewYork, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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LITERATURE SURVEY
[5] Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, Johan and Per Beming, 3G
EVOLUTION : HSPA AND LTE FOR MOBILE
BROADBAND, second edition, Acadamic Press, 2008.
[6] Long Term Evolution Protocol Overview, freescale white paper,
2007.
[7] Daniel Garsia-Alis, Lian Strling and Bob Stewart, Introduction to
LTE , Steepest Assent Ltd, 2009.[8] LTE standard, Overview of 3GPP Release 8 V0.1.0, 2010;
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Thank You