First National Report of the Republic of Mauritius to the ...
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First National Report of the Republic of Mauritius to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
Transcript of First National Report of the Republic of Mauritius to the ...
First National Report
of the Republic of Mauritius
to the United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification (UNCCD)
November 2004
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Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Report AgM Agriculture Service – Mauritius AgR Agriculture Service – Rodrigues AREU Agricultural Research and Extension Unit in MoAFTNR AS Agricultural Services (MoAFTNR) CSO Central Statistical Office EPA Environmental Protection Act ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area FLIS Forest Land Information System FoA of UoM
Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Mauritius
FoLM of UoM
Faculty of Law and Management / University of Mauritius
FoSSH of UoM
Faculty of Social Studies and Humanities / University of Mauritius
FSC Farmers Service Coorporation (MoAFTNR) FS Forestry Service (MoAFTNR FSM Forestry Service – Mauritius (MoAFTNR) FSR Forestry Service – Rodrigues GEF Global Environment Facility GIS Geographic Information System GoM Government of Mauritius GPS Global Positioning System KM Knowledge Management LIS Land Information System LMIS Land Management Information System M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MAURIS Mauritius Natural Resource Information System MIE Mauritius Institute of Education MoAFTNR Ministry of Agriculture, Food Technology and Natural Resources MoEPCA Ministry of Economic Planning and Corporate Affairs MoE Ministry of Environment MoHL Ministry of Housing and Lands, Small and Medium Enterprises,
Handicraft and the Informal Sector
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MSIRI Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute NAP National Action Programme NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NCB National Coordinating Body NCSA National Capacity Self Assessment NDS National Development Strategy NPCS National Park and Conservation Service (MoAFTNR) NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre (MoAFTNR) NYFC National Young Farmers Club OGA Onion Growers Association PGA Potato Growers Association PGRU Plant Genetics Resource Unit PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategic Plan RRA Rodrigues Regional Assembly SGP Small Grants Program (UNDP/GEF) SLM Sustainable Land Management UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme PDF/A Project Development Fund/A RAP Regional Action Programme SRAP Sub Regional Action Programmes NFP National Forest Programme NRM Natural Resource management
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Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Report .......................................... 3 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 1. Summary.................................................................................................... 7
1.1. Focal Point Institution........................................................................... 7 1.2. Status of NAP ....................................................................................... 8 1.3. Member of SRAP/RAP......................................................................... 8 1.4. Composition of the NCB ...................................................................... 8 1.5. NGOs Accredited to the Process .......................................................... 8 1.6. Acts and Laws Passed Relating to UNCCD ......................................... 9 1.7. The Consultative Process...................................................................... 9 1.8. Projects Related to UNCCD ................................................................. 9
2. Strategies and Priorities Established ........................................................ 10 3. Institutional Measures Taken to Implement the Convention ................... 12 4. The Participatory Process in support of the Action Program................... 16 5. The Consultative Process in support of the National Action Program..... 17 6. The Measures Taken or Planned within the Framework of the NAP....... 19 7. Financial Allocations from National Budgets .......................................... 24 8. Review of Benchmarks and Indicators Utilized to Measure Progress ..... 25 Annex A: UNCCD Country Profile – Republic of Mauritius ....................... 27 Annex B: MAURITIUS LAND DEGRADATION ROOT CAUSE MATRIX35 Potential Corrective/ Mitigating Measures.................................................... 35 Annex C: Logical Framework for Sustainable Land Management in Mauritius and Rodrigues ...................................................................................................... 45 Annex D: Institutions and Groups Represented at UNDP/GEF Stakeholder Validation Workshop ...................................................................................................... 70 Annex E: Major field interventions aimed at combating land degradation and mitigation of drought effects……….35
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INTRODUCTION
The Republic of Mauritius comprises the islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues, St
Brandon and a number of outlying smaller islands, which have a total land area of
2,045 km2.
Mauritius has a moderate tropical climate characterized by a hot, humid summer
and a cooler and drier winter. Being situated in a sub tropical zone and by virtue of
its climate, desertification is not relevant to Mauritius. However, it is prone to
droughts, although no lengthy drought has yet occurred.
Mauritius faces economic and environmental vulnerabilities that constitute the
special challenge to the sustainable development if small Islands Developing
states (SIDS). Due to its small surface area and the increasing population rate,
Mauritius has to cope with acute pressure due to urbanization, intensive
agricultural practices, reduction in forests area and overgrazing. Overexploitation
of our limited land resources has lead to a reduction in soil fertility and production
rates causing land degradation problems.
Mauritius signed the UNCCD on 19 March and ratified it on 11 January 1996.
The focal Ministry is the Ministry of Environment and the National Focal Point is
the Conservator of Forests of the Forestry Service (Ministry of Agriculture, Food
Technology and Natural Resources). Mauritius is in the process of formulating a
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National Action Programme. This is the first National Report being submitted by
the Government of Mauritius to the UNCCD Secretariat.
Since Mauritius ratified the UNCCD Convention, a lot of initiatives have been
undertaken to address the issue of Sustainable Land Management, both at the
institutional and field levels.
Following the decision of the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) assembly to
consider its activities against land degradation as a window for funding under its
Operational Programme *15, Mauritius had made a request for support to its
SLM activities. The GEF has approved a PDF/A (in acronyms) project for the
elaboration of a medium-sized project for identifying the capacity needs of
Mauritius for Sustainable Land Management. The medium-sized project has been
finalised and will be submitted to GEF shortly. The capacity building for
Sustainable Land Management for Mauritius is given in Annex D. A list of
completed, ongoing and projects in the pipeline is given in Annex E.
1. Summary
1.1. Focal Point Institution Information on the UNCCD focal point is presented in this table: Name of UNCCD focal point Seemadree Appanah
PAUPIAH Conservator of Forests
Address Botanical Garden Street
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Curepipe Mauritius Tel. No (+230) 675 4966 (Direct) (+ 230) 6751746 Fax No. (+230) 6743449 E-mail: [email protected]
Country specific websites relating to desertification
None
1.2. Status of NAP The status of the NAP is presented in the following table:
Date of Validation Not validated NAP reviews None NAP has been integrated into the PRSP (acron) No NAP has been integrated into the national development strategy
No
NAP implementation has started No Expected NAP validation December 2005 Final draft of NAP exists No Formulation of draft NAP is underway No Basic guidelines for NAP have been established No Process has only been initiated Yes Process has not yet started Yes, it has started
1.3. Member of SRAP/RAP Mauritius is not yet a member of any sub-regional or regional action programs
1.4. Composition of the NCB(acronyms) Composition of the NCB has been identified and is in the process of being finalized.
1.5. NGOs Accredited to the Process No NGO has as yet been accredited to the process. No NGO National Coordinating Committee has been created.
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1.6. Acts and Laws Passed Relating to UNCCD Mauritius has several laws that relate to land degradation and sustainable land use. No specific Acts or laws have been passed in direct relation to obligations under the UNCCD.
1.7. The Consultative Process No formal partnership agreements have yet been signed within the framework of UNCCD but consultative meetings have been initiated with stakeholders.
1.8. Projects Related to UNCCD Two projects are currently underway that will explicitly build capacity for implementing the UNCCD.
Name of Project Project Implemented within
the framework
of the NAP/
SRAP/RAP?
Project Implement-
ed within
the frame-work of…
Time-frame
Partners Involved
Overall Budget
1. PDFA – Capacity Building for Sustainable Land Management in Mauritius (including Rodrigues) – Project objective to develop a Medium Size Project
No (because they don’t exist yet) but very much within the framework of implementation of UNCCD
UNDP/ GEF support
July 2004 to August 2005
UNDP/ GEF/ GoM and other local partners
US$45,000
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proposal(GEF approval awaited)
2. National Capacity Self-Assessment (including an assessment of capacity needs for SLM)
No, but the NCSA will assess capacity needs for 3 conventions including the UNCCD
UNEP/ GEF support
July 2004 to August 2005
UNEP/ GEF/ GoM and other local partners
US$146,150
2. Strategies and Priorities Established Mauritius has a number of national plans/policies/strategies that relate to land degradation and sustainable land use. They are presented in the following table. However, none of these documents were prepared to explicitly take into account the UNCCD and none of them have been modified since their establishment to harmonize them with the implementation of UNCCD.
National Plans or
Strategies
Harmonization with UNCCD*
Remarks Linkages with NAP/ UNCCD/ NFP/NCB
** National Development Strategy (2003)
The NDS aims, amongst other things, to: “Encourage economic growth in the conurbation, the country side and the coast, whilst maintaining and enhancing the quality of the environment and striving for a more sustainable pattern of development”. The NDS provides summary policy guidance whose purpose is to act as an interim development control
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tool, pending the revision of relevant Local Development Plans (outline Schemes) and consolidation of existing Planning and Design Guidelines issued by the Ministry of Housing and Lands and the Ministry of Tourism (in Tourism Zones).
Environment Investment Programme II
This has identified a range of issues pertaining to land management including those which specifically address the identification and delineation of Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs)
National Physical Development Plan (NPDP – 1994)
Updated in 2003
National Environment Action Plan for Mauritius (1990)
First identified land degradation as an important problem in Mauritius.
National Environmental Strategies (NES – 2000)
Identified the abatement of land degradation as one of the principal national environmental priorities
Non-Sugar Sector Strategic Plan (MoAFTNR -- 2003)
Accords a high priority to sustainable land management
Mauritius Tourism Development Plan, approved
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(MT -- 2002) National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NPCS of MoAFTNR --2001)
*No formal harmonization has been done up to now but however many institutions have been involved. **Not established
3. Institutional Measures Taken to Implement the Convention
Indicator Evaluation
Parameters Evaluation Remarks
The NAP as part of the national economic and social development and environment plans
• Making the NAP coherent with other environmental strategic and planning frameworks.
• Linkages of the NAP with national, intra-regional and local approaches
As work on the NAP is only just now being initiated, there is not yet any NAP to integrate and link into these frameworks and approaches.
The preparation of the NAP will be done as an integral part of the UNDP/GEF/Govt-funded Capacity Building for Sustainable Land Management in Mauritius (including Rodrigues) project. The project has started early 2005 and the NAP will be completed by the end of 2005. Preparation of the
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NAP shall be funded by Government. (Financial support will be sought from the Global Mechanism and the Secretariat for the implementation of the NAP)
Linkages achieved with subregional and regional actions programmes
• Development of programmes of a subregional or regional character
• Strengthening of scientific networks
• Government’s agreement
No linkages have yet been established with subregional and regional action programmes and scientific networks for the purpose of advancing sustainable land management strategies.
These linkages will be explored and developed in 2005 as part of the development of the NAP.
Established and functional national coordination body (NCB)
• Legal status • Resources • Cross-
cutting and multi-disciplinary character
• Composition and mode of operation
No NCB has been established but a list has been proposed.
NCB will be established in early 2005 as part of the development of the NAP.
Institutional framework
• Measures adopted to
Desertification is not the appropriate term for
The UNDP/GEF project will
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for coherent and functional desertification control
adjust or strengthen the institutional framework
• Measures to strengthen existing institutions at the local and national levels
Mauritius. Land degradation is the main problem here. Mauritius will focus its efforts under the UNCCD towards the development of capacities and viable systems for sustainable land management. No institutional framework has yet been developed for coordinating and harmonizing sustainable land management actions. Institutional awareness raising of the types, causes of land degradation, priority setting and identification of SLM options was done as part of the UNDP/GEF participatory project formulation currently underway, but no formal capacity building for SLM has yet been undertaken.
concentrate primarily on building institutional capacities for SLM. Numerous institutional capacity needs are identified in the Root Cause (of land degradation) Matrix for this project – this is presented in Annex B. Measures to build capacity and strengthen both government and civil society institutions are detailed in the project logframe in Annex C.
Coherent and functional legal and regulatory framework
• Cross-analysis of environmental and other relevant legislation should, in
Several legal and regulatory constraints to SLM were identified as part of the UNDP/GEF SLM project design. They are presented in the Root Cause Matrix in Annex B. State
The new UNDP/GEF SLM project shall review, restructure and strengthen the land lease systems putting a strong emphasis on SLM.
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particular, form a basis for ensuring greater responsibility by the local population and for ensuring an appropriate land tenure system.
• Measures to adapt current legislation or introduce new enactments.
ownership of both agricultural and grazing lands on Rodrigues combined with a dysfunctional lease system (agricultural lands) or no lease system at all (grazing lands) are the main root causes of the most serious problems of land degradation on the two islands. Clearing of State forests for deer pastures on land leased for deer ranching on Mauritius is not properly regulated. Regulatory systems for preventing encroachments onto State forest lands, river reserves and mountain reserves and other State lands on Mauritius are very weak. No thorough cross-analysis of legislation in respect to UNCCD has yet been done and no new legislation or regulatory measures specifically targeting SLM have yet been introduced.
Land Information systems will be developed (Forest Service/Mauritius) and strengthened and integrated with remote sensing tools for use in strengthening regulatory systems for encroachments, river and mountain reserves, deer pastures and so on. A new FAO-funded forestry policy and action plan, both integrating SLM from their conception, will be developed over the next two years.
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4. The Participatory Process in support of the Action Program
Indicator Evaluation Parameters
Evaluation Remarks
Effective participation of actors in defining national priorities
• Methods of participation of various actors in regular consultations, meetings and regular exchange of information in mailing and e-mailing networks.
• Gender balance of actors involved in defining NAP priorities
• Representation of various actors in national priority identificati
The first major step towards the development of a participatory approach for SLM was taken as part of the UNDP/GEF project development. Many stakeholders were consulted directly during the identification of forms and land degradation and their causes and the identification of SLM options. A local stakeholders’ workshop for Rodrigues was held in August 2004. The overall results were all then presented, debated and refined at a very well-attended stakeholders’ workshop in September 2004. The list of participants and the institutions and civil society groups they represent is presented in Annex D. The gender balance of both workshops was significant.
Stakeholder participation will be formalized and greatly strengthened in 2005 with the development of the NAP and the launching of the UNDP/GEF SLM project. One of the first steps will be the establishment of a National Coordination Body. The SLM project will place a major emphasis on the identification of best practices for SLM, whatever their origins. These will be identified from both “traditional” and “modern” techniques. An issue of major concern to many stakeholders is the pending loss of the
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on processes
• Nature and scope of information, education and communications
• Extent of uptake of • Local
concerns at the national level
• Results of national consultations at the local level
Open access, uncontrolled overgrazing of pasture lands on Rodrigues was identified as the highest priority problem of land degradation. Unsustainable agriculture in the non-sugar sector is a significant problem on both islands and deforestation is primarily a problem on Mauritius. Wildfire induced land degradation on the northwest facing, subhumid mountain slopes of Mauritius is a particular problem.
sugar subsidy from the European Union. Sugarcane agriculture is one of the most sustainable land uses at present, but its economic viability will be seriously threatened in the near future. This will be especially true on the most marginal and poorly accessible lands. TheUNDP/GEF project will assist in the identification and promotion of ecologically and economically viable SLM alternatives to sugarcane.
5. The Consultative Process in support of the National Action Program
Indicator Evaluation Parameters
Evaluation Remarks
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Effective support from international partners for cooperation
Degree of participation from international partners
The Government of Mauritius and the National Focal Point for the UNCCD have recently taken a proactive stance in seeking out the support of international partners to confront the problems of land degradation under the umbrella of the UNCCD. When the new Land Degradation GEF operational program area was approved in late 2003, Mauritius was one of the first to develop SLM concepts and to seek project development funding. The UNDP/GEF SLM capacity building project design is nearly completed. It should be one of the first projects to be funded under this new “window”. The project design has adopted an open approach to the identification and analysis of all forms of land degradation on both islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) as well as for the identification of SLM mitigation measures. It is believed that the design and implementation process are critical steps for
Two donor funded initiatives will complement the UNDP/GEF capacity building project at the field level. -The Government of Mauritius has requested the assistance of the European Union for the preparation of a “participatory decentralization” approach to natural resource management on Rodrigues. Unlike past approaches on Rodrigues, this new project will work directly with non-governmental civil society natural resource user groups. -The UNDP/GEF small grants program has shown a strong interest in supporting SLM efforts in the field.
Establishment of an informal consultation and harmonization process for actions between partner countries.
The NCB has been created. Communications and collaboration among the UNCCD, NFP and UNDP and FAO has been very good to date. No other formal mechanisms for consultation and harmonization have yet been established at the local, national or international levels.
One of the key components of the UNDP/GEF Project will be the development of capacities for knowledge management for SLM. This will consist of gathering, analyzing and synthesizing data and information on SLM and of sharing and communicating the results with concerned SLM stakeholders, ranging from the field resource user to high-level decision-makers. This is envisioned to operate primarily at national level but it is hoped that it could be linked in the future into regional and sub-regional programs.
6. The Measures Taken or Planned within the Framework of the NAP
Indicator Evaluation Parameters
Evaluation Remarks
Adequate diagnosis of past experience
Synthesis and evaluation of activities undertaken in
The NAP process has only just been initiated but will take into
The Knowledge Management component of the new UNDP/GEF project will place a major
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the field of combating land degradation
consideration the given indicators.
emphasis on the identification of lessons learned and best practices for SLM. A key document to be exploited is the final evaluation of the recently completed EU Anti-Erosion Project on Rodrigues. One of the key lessons learned was the need to foster bottom-up participation towards SLM – a lesson that is being addressed in the formulation of the new EU-funded Decentralized Participation project for natural resource management on Rodrigues.
Established technical programmes and functional integrated projects to combat desertification/ Land Degradation
Inventory, adaptation and integration of projects under way within the NAP process. Measures: -For natural resources conserva-tion -To enhance knowledge on land degradation
Same as above UNDP/GEF Small Grants Programme has already indicated a strong interest in working closely within the future NAP framework and with the new SLM project. Contacts have been initiated to establish a framework of collaboration with the new EU project for Rodrigues. It will be the responsibility of the NFP to ensure that such an integrated approach be
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and SLM -For monitor-ing and evaluating the effects of land degrad-ation and drought -To improve the economic environ-ment
mainstreamed with other future initiatives. Several agencies are developing GIS-based land information systems (LIS). The new UNDP/GEF project will develop standards and protocols for sharing information and will build new capacities, especially in the Forestry Service. The UNDP/GEF project will develop systems for monitoring: • Soil loss and forage
quality of pasture/range lands
• Soil loss and soil fertility maintenance
• Deforestation The UNDP/GEF project will put considerable emphasis on analyzing the economic and financial viability/profitability of existing land use systems and on identifying SLM alternatives that are economically and financially viable.
Action programmes implemented in
Identification of new actions and planned
The Forestry Service initiated a new experiment two years ago to
The principal concern is the cost of this approach being used and its replicability. Other
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compliance with priority fields set out in the Convention
measures -Specific actions to strengthen the national capacity to combat land degradation, in particular at the local level
attempt fire control and reforestation of badly degraded mountain slopes in the subhumid zone of Mauritius. It is based on the use of firebreaks and the plantation of indigenous species to reforest slopes on Signal Mountain above Port Louis.
potential options identified during the UNDP/GEF project identification include: a)very early partial controlled burns at the beginning of the dry season (to prevent destructive, full-dry season fires) and, b) the intentional overgrazing by grazers (as opposed to browzers) to greatly reduce fire risks and to favour the already abundant natural regeneration of woody species. The entire UNDP/GEF SLM project is geared at capacity building. See the logframe in Annex C.
Effectiveness of measures in local capacity building
Degree of responsibility in NRM at the local level. • Degree of
decentralization
• Involvement of actors in the monitoring and evaluation
Capacity building for SLM that is undertaken specifically under the UNCCD has not yet begun. However, key findings from the preparation of the UNDP/GEF SLM Project that relate to the parameters specified are the following: A major cause of
Local management of coral reef and lagoon fisheries has very recently been introduced in Rodrigues through a GEF Small Grant. Preliminary results are very promising. The opportunity for adapting such an approach for the management of range/pastures on Rodrigues should be investigated closely.
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process land degradation identified in Rodrigues is the open access grazing in the absence of responsibility for range/pasture management. All pasture land belongs to the State but access is open to all, there is no lease system and no pasture/range management system. * A major step towards decentralization was taken two years ago with the granting of autonomy to Rodrigues and the creation of the Rodrigues Regional Assembly (RRA). RRA is now responsible for natural resource management on the island. * Monitoring systems are yet to be developed. The role of local
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actors/stakeholders in these monitoring systems is yet to be defined.
7. Financial Allocations from National Budgets Indicato
r Evaluation Parameters
Evaluation Remarks
Adopted financial mechanisms
Measures to facilitate access of local actors to existing sources of funding
Government does provide funds both in the capital and recurrent budgets. Funds are provided at the level of various public actors
The UNDP/GEF project will provide training/capacity building for the development of projects in project proposal writing for NGOs and user groups. Under this framework, two sources of funding specifically targeted are the EU Decentralized Participation Project for Rodrigues and the GEF Small Grants Program.
Working out new, adapted method to mobilize internal and external resources
GEF funding has been mobilized for two projects including co financing on the part of the government.
Analyze flows of investment in sustainable land management
No such measures yet undertaken
The UNDP/GEF project will assist Government to develop an SLM investment plan.
NAP financing
Indicate mobilization of national resources
The Government will finance the preparation of the NAP.
Funds will be sought from the Global Mechanism (including GEF and other sources) for the
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Contribution of the Global Mechanism Amount of financial resources available
implementation of the NAP.
8. Review of Benchmarks and Indicators Utilized to Measure Progress
Indicator Evaluation Parameters
Evaluation Remarks
Operational mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation
• Establishment and/or strengthening of national environmental monitoring and observation capacities.
• Information systems of land degradation/ SLM at the national level
• Main actors’ access to available information
• Mechanisms for consultation concerning an analysis of results
• Regular production of results
• Feedback on evaluation for programme
None of these have yet become operational
All of these will begin in 2005 with work on the NAP and with the launching of the UNDP/GEF SLM capacity building project.
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management Scientific and technical land degradation control activities
• Listing, adapting integrating scientific and technical activities into the NAP
Work on the NAP has only now been initiated.
As documented above, the new UNDP/GEF project will integrate scientific and technical tools and institutions into SLM capacity building activities.
Implementation of the recommendations of the Committee on Science and Technology
• Not listed Not yet begun
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Annex A: UNCCD Country Profile – Republic of Mauritius
This UNCCD country profile has been provided by: Forestry Department of Mauritius Name of Focal point institution/ ministry/office: Forestry Department/ Ministry of Agriculture, Food Technology and Natural Resources Date: 8.11.04 Mailing address: Forestry Service Head Quarters Botanical Gardens Street Curepipe Mauritius
Telephone: (230) 675-4966
Telefax: (230) 674-3449
E-mail: [email protected] Biophysical indicators relating to desertification and drought
1. Climate
1.1 Index of aridity 2.4 - 3.5* 1.2 Normal rainfall 2100mm annually 1.3 Rainfall standard deviation 350mm
**Please refer to annexure
8.1. Sub-national areas mm
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Source: Hydrology Data Book 1992-1995, Dec 1997; Water Resources Unit; Ministry of Public Utilities, Republic of Mauritius
2. Vegetation and land use 2.1 NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index) Not available 2.2 Vegetation cover (% of total land area) 77* 2.3 Land use (percent of total land) 68* ***Please refer to annexure
Land Use 1990-1999 2000-2003
Arable Crop Land Irrigated Rainfed
Pasture Forest and Woodland Other Land
2.4 Surface albedo not available
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Source: Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2003, June 2004; Central Statistical Office; Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Republic of Mauritius
3. Water resources
3.1 Fresh water availability (million m3) 184Mm3 3.2 Fresh water resources per capita (m3) 155m3 3.3 Agricultural water use (million m3) 1.1Mm3 3.4 Industrial water use (million m3) 5.0Mm3
Source: Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2003, June 2004; Central Statistical Office; Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Republic of Mauritius
4. Energy
Consumption 4.1. Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 0.66toe 4.2 Agricultural energy use per hectare (millions of BTU) 256.4toe Production 4.3. Energy from renewable excluding combustibles
renewable and waste (% of total supply) 2.1% Renewables – Consumption by sector 4.4 Industry (% of total renewable consumption) Nil 4.5 Residential (% of total renewable consumption) 18832000toe Agriculture (% of total renewable consumption) Nil
Source: Economic and social indicators, Oct 2002; Housing and population Census; Issue 393; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
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5. Types of land degradation
1990-1999 2000-2003 Type of Degradation Million ha
Percent of total area
Million ha
Percent of total ha
Over-grazing Unsustainable agriculture
Deforestation Sub-humid mountain slopes degraded by fire
6. Rehabilitation Lands under rehabilitation 1990-1999 2000-2003 Rehabilitation of degraded cropland (sq. km)
Not available
Not available
Rehabilitation of degraded rangeland (sq. km)
Not available
0.2
Rehabilitation of degraded forestland (sq. km)
Not available
0.7
Source: Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2003, June 2004; Central Statistical Office; Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Republic of Mauritius
Socio-economic indicators related to desertification and drought 7. People and economy
7.1 Population (Total) 1180178 Population: Urban (percent of total) 42.6% Population: Rural (percent of total) 54.4%
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(Remaining 3% are Mauritians staying abroad) 7.2 Population growth (annual %) 0.9% 7.3 Life expectancy (years) 71.75 7.4 Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live birth) 14.6 7.5 GDP (Current US$) 4422.42M* 7.6 GNI per capita (Current US$) 5043.39M* 7.7 National poverty rate (% of population) 10.6 7.8Crop production (metric tons) 5310236* 7.9 Livestock production (metric tons) 33609*
Source: Economic and social indicators, Oct 2002; Housing and population Census; Issue 393; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius Economic and social indicators, March 2003; Labour force, employment and unemployment; Issue 402; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius Economic and social indicators, March 2003; Population and vital statistics; Issue 405; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius Economic and social indicators, Aug 2004; Education Statistics; Issue 464; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
8. Human development
8.1 Primary education completion rate (% age group) 63% 8.2 Number of women in rural development (Total development) 13800* 8.3 Unemployment (% of total) 10.2% 8.4 Youth unemployment rate (age 15-24) 54.3 8.5 Illiteracy rate (% age 12 and above) 14.95 8.6 Illiteracy male (% age 12 and above) Not available 8.7 Illiteracy female (% age 12 and above) Not available
Source: Economic and social indicators, Aug 2004; Education Statistics; Issue 464; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
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Human Development Reports 2003; http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty_f_MUS.html; UNDP
9. Science and technology
9.1 Number of scientific institutions engaged in desertification-related work (total number) 4*
*
1.1PET = 1100-1600 & P= 3900 Mm3
2.2 Agriculture (46.4) + Forest (30.6) 2.3 Agriculture + Roads + Built- up areas 7.5 & 7.6 Calculated at current market prices 7.8 Includes industrial crops (sugar cane, tobacco & tea) Effective area under cultivation
Crops 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Sugar cane 78,981
76,962
76,478
75,501
74,117
Tea 671 670 660 680 681 Tobacco 403 397 383 340 379
7.9 Includes fish from coastal areas 8.2 Number of women working in the agricultural sector (agriculture, hunting, forestry & fishing sector) 9.1 Consists of Min. of Agriculture, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Agricultural Research & Extension Unit and University of Mauritius
**
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The document attached provides the available data on annual rainfall in the different regions as well as the different recorded rainfall at the different stations.
*** Land under irrigation, 2000-2003
Region Overhead Surface Drip Total
North East Center West South
5173 3015 732 4030 4756
756 - 85 1151 40
1012 174 - 166 529
6941 3189 817 5347 5325
Total 2003 17706 2032 1881 21619
Total 2002 17028 2372 1822 21222 Total 2001 17119 2723 1789 21631
Total 2000 15951 2020 1535 19506
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10. Data sources
1. Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2003, June 2004; Central Statistical Office; Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Republic of Mauritius
2. Economic and social indicators, Oct 2002; Housing and population Census;
Issue 393; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
3. Economic and social indicators, March 2003; Labour force, employment and unemployment; Issue 402; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
4. Economic and social indicators, March 2003; Population and vital statistics; Issue 405; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
5. Economic and social indicators, Aug 2004; Education Statistics; Issue 464; Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Development, Financial Services and Corporate affairs, Republic of Mauritius
6. Human Development Reports 2003; http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty-
_f_MUS.html; UNDP
7. Hydrology Data Book 1992-1995, Dec 1997; Water Resources Unit; Ministry of Public Utilities, Republic of Mauritius
34
Ann
ex B
: MA
UR
ITIU
S L
AN
D D
EG
RA
DA
TIO
N R
OO
T C
AU
SE M
AT
RIX
Ite
ms i
n ita
lics i
n th
e co
lum
n “P
oten
tial C
orre
ctiv
e/M
itiga
ting
Mea
sure
s” a
re th
ose
that
hav
e be
en in
tegr
ated
into
the
proj
ect l
ogf
miti
gatin
g m
easu
res n
ot a
ddre
ssed
by
this
pro
ject
will
be
addr
esse
d by
the
SLM
inve
stm
ent p
lan
and
thro
ugh
train
ing
and
cap
acit
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
• O
pen
acce
ss g
razi
ng w
ith li
ttle
or n
o co
ntro
l on
the
num
ber o
f cat
tle, s
heep
and
goa
ts g
raze
d on
co
mm
on p
astu
res (
This
pro
blem
use
d to
be
com
poun
ded
by a
bsen
tee
owne
rshi
p of
liv
esto
ck) ;
•
Land
tenu
re: l
and
is o
wne
d by
the
stat
e an
d liv
esto
ck a
re o
wne
d by
a m
ultit
ude
of in
divi
dual
liv
esto
ck h
erde
rs ;
• G
over
nmen
t age
nts h
ave
little
or n
o in
cent
ive
to
deve
lop
and
impl
emen
t sus
tain
able
pas
ture
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s ;
• Th
ere
is n
o es
tabl
ishe
d m
echa
nism
, suc
h as
a
leas
e sy
stem
, for
con
trolli
ng h
erde
r/liv
esto
ck
acce
ss to
rang
e/pa
stur
e la
nds.
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f fun
ctio
nal,
equi
tabl
e le
ase
syst
em th
at
prov
ides
ince
ntiv
es fo
r SLM
and
di
sinc
entiv
es fo
r ove
rgra
zing
; •
Dev
elop
men
t of c
apac
ities
for
mon
itori
ng a
nd e
nfor
cing
co
mpl
ianc
e w
ith te
rms o
f the
leas
e •
Dev
elop
men
t of a
lea
sing
syst
em
for S
tate
-ow
ned
past
ure
land
s •
Dev
elop
men
t of f
ram
ewor
k of
go
od g
over
nanc
e an
d ci
vil s
ocie
ty
over
sigh
t of l
ease
syst
em
• Pr
ivat
izat
ion
of p
astu
re la
nds
1. O
verg
raze
d,
erod
ed
rang
e/pa
stur
e la
nds o
f de
crea
sed pr
oduc
tivi
ty a
nd
fora
ge
qual
ity
• So
il er
osio
n –
mos
tly in
th
e fo
rm
of sh
eet –
re
mov
ing
the
mos
t fe
rtile
top
soil
• D
ecre
ase
in p
astu
re
qual
ity
and
prod
uctiv
ity
thro
ugh
loss
/ de
crea
se
of
• Sc
ant
hum
an re
sour
ces w
ith tr
aini
ng in
ex
tens
ive
past
ure/
rang
e m
anag
emen
t and
with
th
e ca
paci
ty to
con
ceiv
e, te
st a
nd a
dapt
ivel
y m
odify
pas
ture
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms
• H
uman
reso
urce
cap
acity
de
velo
pmen
t for
par
ticip
ator
y pa
stur
e/ra
nge
man
agem
ent
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
• Tr
aditi
on o
f top
-dow
n ap
proa
ches
to p
astu
re
man
agem
ent t
hat d
o no
t inv
olve
her
ders
as k
ey
acto
rs a
nd d
ecis
ion
mak
ers ;
•
Insu
ffic
ient
trai
ning
in p
artic
ipat
ory
appr
oach
es
that
can
cap
italiz
e on
indi
geno
us te
chni
cal
know
ledg
e of
loca
l her
ders
and
that
can
invo
lve
them
as t
he k
ey p
rinci
pal a
ctor
s in
test
ing
past
ure
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms ;
•
No
pro
ven
mod
els f
or su
stai
nabl
e, p
rodu
ctiv
e pa
stur
e/ra
nge
man
agem
ent ;
• C
apac
ity d
evel
opm
ent f
or
part
icip
ator
y ap
proa
ches
for
SLM
/pas
ture
man
agem
ent ;
•
Inve
ntor
y of
trad
ition
al k
now
ledg
e on
pas
ture
man
agem
ent
• D
irect
invo
lvem
ent o
f her
ders
as
key
acto
rs a
nd d
ecis
ion
mak
ers i
n th
e co
ncep
tion
and
test
ing
of
sust
aina
ble
past
ure
man
agem
ent
mod
els ;
•
Ada
ptiv
e m
anag
emen
t app
roac
h th
at u
ses r
esul
ts o
f M&
E sy
stem
•
A kn
owle
dge
man
agem
ent
appr
oach
that
synt
hesi
zes l
esso
ns
lear
ned,
dev
elop
s and
test
s hy
poth
eses
and
ada
ptiv
ely
mod
ifies
man
agem
ent
• N
o so
lid in
form
atio
n on
the
econ
omic
and
fin
anci
al c
osts
and
ben
efits
of p
rope
r pas
ture
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s – e
spec
ially
the
finan
cial
co
sts a
nd b
enef
its to
the
herd
ers ;
• D
evel
op c
apac
ities
for e
cono
mic
an
d fin
anci
al v
alua
tion
of p
astu
re
use/
man
agem
ent o
ptio
ns ;
pref
erre
dfo
rage
sp
p.
• So
il co
mpa
ctio
n by
liv
esto
ck
• In
crea
sed
runo
ff ra
te
incr
easi
ng
seve
rity
of
flood
ing
• D
ecre
ase
in
infil
tratio
n re
sulti
ng
in re
duce
d sp
ring
and
dry
seas
on
stre
am
flow
•
Sedi
men
tatio
n of
da
ms a
nd
• Po
orly
dev
elop
ed u
nder
stan
ding
and
supp
ort f
or
exte
nsiv
e pa
stur
e m
anag
emen
t fro
m
auth
oriti
es/d
ecis
ion
mak
ers ;
• Aw
aren
ess r
aisi
ng fo
r aut
hori
ties
and
deci
sion
mak
ers
36
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
lago
ons
(less
se
vere
th
an
belie
ved)
•
Fore
st p
lant
atio
ns o
n R
odrig
ues a
re p
rote
cted
fr
om g
razi
ng b
y m
etal
fenc
es th
at a
re ra
pidl
y ru
stin
g aw
ay w
ith li
ttle
poss
ibili
ty o
f re
plac
emen
t. If
not
repl
aced
, the
y m
ay b
ecom
e op
en a
cces
s and
suff
er o
nce
agai
n fr
om
over
graz
ing.
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f gra
zing
syst
ems
that
do
not r
equi
re fe
ncin
g ;
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f mul
tiple
use
SLM
sy
stem
s tha
t gen
erat
e ad
equa
te
bene
fits t
o co
ver t
he c
ost o
f m
aint
enan
ce o
r rep
lace
men
t of
fenc
ing
2. D
efor
est
a-tio
n •
Loss
of
habi
tat/
biod
iver
sit
y •
Loss
of
vege
tativ
e co
ver
resu
lting
in
soil
eros
ion
• Se
dim
enta
tion
of
lago
ons
and
cora
l re
efs,
sedi
men
tat
ion
of P
ort
• C
lear
ing
for p
astu
re (a
nd fi
ring
lane
s?) o
n de
er
ranc
hes (
Mau
ritiu
s onl
y)
• O
n St
ate
land
leas
ed fo
r dee
r ran
chin
g •
No
syst
em fo
r mon
itorin
g fo
rest
cle
arin
g fo
r pas
ture
s •
No
accu
rate
map
s of l
ease
land
s •
Few
ince
ntiv
es fo
r enf
orce
men
t •
On
priv
atel
y ow
ned
fore
st la
nd
• C
lear
ing
for d
eer p
astu
res o
r oth
er u
ses i
s un
regu
late
d or
wee
kly
regu
late
d
• Aw
aren
ess r
aisi
ng o
n fo
rest
loss
•
Dev
elop
rem
ote-
sens
ing
base
d sy
stem
for m
onito
ring
fore
st
clea
ring
for p
astu
res o
n st
ate-
land
an
d fo
r for
est c
onve
rsio
n on
pr
ivat
e la
nd
• D
iffus
ion
of m
onito
ring
resu
lts to
ge
nera
l pub
lic a
nd d
ecis
ion
mak
ers
• D
evel
op F
ores
t Ser
vice
cap
acity
fo
r enf
orce
men
t of r
egul
atio
ns o
n pa
stur
e cl
earin
g on
leas
e la
nd
• D
evel
op fo
rest
man
agem
ent
syst
ems t
hat c
ombi
ne p
astu
re
clea
ring
with
refo
rest
atio
n sy
stem
s •
Dev
elop
regu
latio
ns g
over
ning
fo
rest
cle
arin
g on
priv
ate
land
37
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
• C
lear
ing/
conv
ersi
on o
n pr
ivat
ely
owne
d la
nd
• C
lear
ing
of fo
rest
land
and
con
vers
ion
to
othe
r lan
d us
es, e
spec
ially
agr
icul
ture
, in
la
rgel
y un
regu
late
d in
Mau
ritiu
s •
The
exte
nt a
nd n
atur
e of
this
pro
blem
is n
ot
know
n be
caus
e Fo
rest
ry D
epar
tmen
t has
no
accu
rate
fore
st c
over
map
s, no
r for
est
info
rmat
ion
syst
em o
r mon
itorin
g ca
paci
ty
for p
rivat
ely
owne
d fo
rest
land
s •
Lake
of a
war
enes
s of g
ener
al p
ublic
/dec
isio
n m
aker
s •
Cle
arin
g/co
nver
sion
on
Stat
e fo
rest
land
s •
Encr
oach
men
t by
adjo
inin
g pr
ivat
e la
nd
owne
rs
• N
o m
onito
ring
syst
em
• B
ound
ary
mar
kers
lost
/not
vis
ible
–
boun
darie
s not
mar
ked
• As
sess
men
t of t
he n
atur
e an
d ex
tent
of t
he p
robl
em (u
sing
re
mot
e se
nsin
g/G
IS)
• As
sess
men
t of t
he su
stai
nabi
lity
and
envi
ronm
enta
l im
pact
s of t
he
alte
rnat
ive
land
use
s •
Awar
enes
s rai
sing
•
Part
icip
ator
y D
evel
opm
ent o
f ap
prop
riat
e re
gula
tions
whe
re
need
ed
• U
se o
f rem
ote
sens
ing
to id
entif
y si
tes o
f obv
ious
or p
oten
tial
encr
oach
men
t •
Fiel
d ch
ecks
by
fore
st o
ffice
rs
• En
forc
emen
t
Mat
hurin
et P
ort
Loui
s
• C
lear
ing
for s
ettle
men
ts
• C
lear
ing
for h
ousi
ng
• C
lear
ing
by sq
uatte
rs
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f lan
d in
form
atio
n sy
stem
•
Land
use
pla
nnin
g an
d zo
ning
•
Enfo
rcem
ent o
f zon
ing
prov
isio
n an
d la
nd u
se re
stri
ctio
n •
Incr
ease
d tra
nspa
renc
y in
the
land
al
loca
tion/
per
mitt
ing
syst
ems
38
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
• C
ross
-cut
ting
root
cau
ses:
•
Fore
st D
ept d
oes n
ot h
ave
accu
rate
, up-
to
date
map
s of
fore
st c
over
by
cove
r typ
e,
owne
rshi
p, c
ondi
tion,
etc
•
Ther
e is
no
com
pute
rized
For
est I
nfor
mat
ion
Syst
em (F
IS) c
ombi
ning
fore
st ty
pe, l
and
owne
rshi
p, fo
rest
con
ditio
n, e
tc.
• La
ck o
f pol
itica
l will
•
Insu
ffic
ient
trai
ned
man
pow
er
• Ec
onom
ic/fi
nanc
ial i
ncen
tives
for f
ores
t pr
otec
tion/
sust
aina
ble
use
are
not d
evel
oped
•
Sust
aina
ble
fore
st m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s are
no
t dev
elop
ed
• C
apac
ity fo
r enf
orce
men
t is w
eak
• Pa
rtic
ipat
ory
defin
ition
of F
IS
need
s •
Dev
elop
cap
acity
for a
ccur
ate
fore
st c
over
map
ping
usi
ng re
mot
e se
nsin
g an
d gr
ound
trut
hing
•
Dev
elop
GIS
-bas
ed F
IS c
apac
ity
with
dat
a on
fore
st ty
pe, l
and
owne
rshi
p, fo
rest
con
ditio
n, e
tc.
• U
se th
ese
tool
s to
anal
yze
caus
es
of fo
rest
loss
on
priv
ate
and
to
deve
lop
appr
opri
ate
mea
sure
s •
Awar
enes
s rai
sing
for d
ecis
ion
mak
ers,
gene
ral p
ublic
•
Dev
elop
tool
s and
cap
acity
for
econ
omic
and
fina
ncia
l ana
lysi
s of
cost
s and
ben
efits
of f
ores
t us
e/m
anag
emen
t opt
ions
and
id
entif
icat
ion
of
econ
omic
/fina
ncia
l inc
entiv
es fo
r su
stai
nabl
e m
anag
emen
t of f
ores
ts
3. E
rode
d,
unpr
odu
c-tiv
e an
d/or
• Er
osio
n ca
uses
lo
ss o
f fe
rtilit
y,
Uns
usta
inab
le v
eget
able
gar
deni
ng a
nd m
ixed
cr
oppi
ng
• La
nd te
nure
– n
early
all
crop
land
on
Rod
rigue
s is
Sta
te-o
wne
d an
d th
e la
nd le
ase
syst
em is
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f an
equi
tabl
e,
func
tiona
l lea
sing
syst
em fo
r ag
ricu
ltura
l lan
d.
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f inc
entiv
es (s
uch
39
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
aban
don
ed
agric
ult
ural
la
nds
decr
ease
of
soil
dept
h,
decr
ease
in
soil
orga
nic
mat
ter
an
d w
ater
ho
ldin
g ca
paci
ty,
and
lead
s to
de
posi
tion
of
sedi
men
ts
in
lago
ons,
rese
rvoi
rs,
chec
k da
ms ;
•
Dep
letio
n of
soil
phos
phat
e an
d ot
her
larg
ely
dysf
unct
iona
l. In
secu
rity
of te
nure
is a
m
ajor
dis
ince
ntiv
e to
inve
stm
ents
in su
stai
nabl
e ag
ricul
ture
. •
Trad
ition
of t
op-d
own
appr
oach
es to
war
ds so
il co
nser
vatio
n m
easu
res ;
•
Poor
dev
elop
men
t of p
artic
ipat
ory
appr
oach
es to
ag
ricul
tura
l ext
ensi
on ;
•
Prac
tice
of a
gric
ultu
re o
n sl
opin
g la
nd w
ithou
t ad
equa
te so
il an
d w
ater
con
serv
atio
n m
easu
res
cont
our (
band
s of v
etiv
er, t
erra
ces,
mul
chin
g,
etc)
; •
Inad
equa
te u
se o
f soi
l am
endm
ents
lead
s to
depl
etio
n of
nut
rient
s. Th
is is
esp
ecia
lly tr
ue o
n no
n-co
mm
erci
al c
ropl
and
on R
odrg
igue
s. Ph
osph
ate
depl
etio
n ha
s bee
n sh
own
to b
e an
ac
ute
prob
lem
at L
a Fe
rme
in R
odrig
ues ;
•
Fina
ncia
lly m
argi
nal a
gric
ultu
re, e
spec
ially
on
Rod
rigue
s, do
es n
ot g
ener
ate
enou
gh p
rofit
and
in
cent
ives
for i
nves
tmen
ts in
sust
aina
bilit
y.
• C
ultiv
atio
n rig
ht u
p to
riv
er b
anks
•
Impr
oper
use
of c
hem
ical
ferti
lizer
s
as A
gric
ultu
ral D
evel
opm
ent
Cer
tific
ates
) fo
r lea
sees
to a
dopt
su
stai
nabl
e, so
il co
nser
ving
pr
actic
es a
nd d
isin
cent
ives
for
dest
ruct
ive
prac
tices
; •
Ana
lysi
s of p
ros a
nd c
ons o
f pr
ivat
izat
ion
of a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
on R
odrig
ues
• Id
entif
icat
ion
and
synt
hesi
s of b
est
prac
tices
for s
usta
inab
le
agri
cultu
re a
nd t
heir
inte
grat
ion
into
agr
icul
tura
l dev
elop
men
t st
rate
gies
and
ext
ensi
on
prog
ram
s ;
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f str
ateg
ies t
o im
prov
e th
e pr
ofita
bilit
y of
ag
ricu
lture
ther
eby
mak
ing
inve
stm
ents
in su
stai
nabl
e ag
ricu
lture
mor
e fe
asib
le ;
• St
udie
s on
soil
nutri
ent d
eple
tion
and
deve
lopm
ent o
f cap
aciti
es fo
r so
il te
stin
g to
iden
tify
need
s for
so
il am
endm
ents
. •
Dev
elop
men
t of s
yste
ms w
here
by
40
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
nutri
ents
le
ads t
o lo
ss o
f fe
rtilit
y an
d pr
oduc
tivi
ty a
nd
limits
the
choi
ce o
f cr
ops t
hat
can
be
grow
n
• D
imin
ishe
d le
vels
of
soil
orga
nic
mat
ter a
nd
loss
of
wat
er-
hold
ing
capa
city
an
d de
grad
ed
soil
Suga
r ca
ne p
lant
atio
ns
• So
me
smal
l pla
nter
s and
est
ate
plan
ters
still
bur
n re
sidu
es a
nd p
low
to re
plan
t, le
avin
g so
il ex
pose
d to
hea
vy ra
ins
• M
any
plan
ters
use
bul
ldoz
ing
to ra
ke o
ut to
psoi
l an
d pi
le so
il an
d re
sidu
es
• M
echa
niza
tion
and
heav
y eq
uipm
ent c
ause
s soi
l co
mpa
ctio
n. T
he se
verit
y of
this
phe
nom
enon
is
cont
este
d ;
• Sh
arec
ropp
ers (
met
ayeu
rs) h
ave
little
ince
ntiv
e to
inve
st in
soil
cons
erva
tion/
sust
aina
ble
agric
ultu
ral p
ract
ices
•
Ecol
ogic
al su
stai
nabi
lity
is d
epen
dent
on
the
finan
cial
sust
aina
bilit
y –
this
is la
rgel
y de
pend
ent o
n th
e su
gar s
ubsi
dy fr
om th
e EU
; •
The
pend
ing
redu
ctio
ns o
r los
s of t
he su
gar
subs
idy
may
lead
to m
ajor
cha
nges
in la
nd u
se,
dow
nstre
am b
enef
icia
ries o
f er
osio
n co
ntro
l and
incr
ease
d in
filtra
tion
cont
ribut
e to
the
cost
s of
inve
stm
ents
in su
stai
nabl
e pr
actic
es.
• Re
mot
e se
nsin
g ba
sed
mon
itori
ng
and
enfo
rcem
ent o
f reg
ulat
ions
re
quir
ing
vege
tatio
n st
rips
left
on
each
side
of s
team
cou
rses
S
ugar
can
e pl
anta
tions
•
Synt
hesi
s of b
est p
ract
ices
for
sust
aina
ble
suga
r can
e cu
ltiva
tion
and
thei
r int
egra
tion
into
ex
tens
ion
pack
ages
•
Fisc
al in
cent
ives
for a
dopt
ion
of
best
pra
ctic
es
• A
naly
sis o
f im
pact
s of
mec
hani
zatio
n an
d de
velo
pmen
t of
stra
tegi
es to
min
imiz
e ne
gativ
e im
pact
s ;
• Id
entif
icat
ion
of a
ltern
ativ
e la
nd
uses
and
ana
lysi
s of t
he
ecol
ogic
al, e
cono
mic
/fina
ncia
l an
d so
cial
sust
aina
bilit
y of
eac
h in
41
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
stru
ctur
e •
Soil
com
pact
ion
redu
ces
infil
tra-
tion
and
inhi
bits
ro
ot
grow
th
• U
ND
P st
udy
show
ed
seve
re
eutro
phic
atio
n of
la
goon
s in
onio
n-gr
owin
g w
ater
shed
som
e of
whi
ch m
ay b
e m
uch
less
sust
aina
ble
than
the
pres
ent s
yste
ms o
f sug
ar c
ane
culti
vatio
n.
• C
ultiv
atio
n rig
ht u
p to
riv
er b
anks
•
Impr
oper
use
of c
hem
ical
ferti
lizer
s
orde
r to
iden
tify
the
SLM
pr
actic
es to
be
enco
urag
ed
thro
ugh
polic
y, re
gula
tions
and
in
cent
ives
.
4. S
ever
e de
grad
atio
n fr
om
fire
on
• R
epea
ted
fires
hav
e co
nver
ted
natu
ral
fore
st to
• U
se o
f fire
is c
onsi
dere
d to
be
the
prin
cipl
e ca
use
of th
e pa
st d
egra
datio
n of
thes
e si
tes f
rom
fore
st
to g
rass
land
or s
avan
na g
rass
land
s and
fire
is th
e pr
inci
pal i
mpe
dim
ent a
t pre
sent
pre
vent
ing
the
refo
rest
atio
n of
thes
e ar
eas.
If c
lose
d ca
nopy
• Id
entif
icat
ion
and
test
ing
of
inno
vativ
e op
tions
for m
inim
izin
g fr
eque
ncy
and
inte
nsity
of
wild
fires
– su
ch a
s gra
zing
by
deer
or
shee
p to
redu
ce g
rass
cov
er
42
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
stee
p
slop
es
in
mou
ntai
n ra
in
shad
ow
gras
slan
ds
with
sc
atte
red
shru
bs
• R
epea
ted
fires
pr
even
t th
e es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f ev
ergr
een
woo
dy
cove
r tha
t is
resi
stan
t to
fore
st
fires
. •
Soil
eros
ion
• D
imin
ishe
d grou
ndw
ater
re
char
ge
• Ex
cess
ive/
fore
sts c
ould
be
rees
tabl
ishe
d, th
ey sh
ould
be
muc
h le
ss su
scep
tible
to fi
re.
• Sl
opes
wer
e on
ce c
omm
only
bur
ned
by h
erde
rs
to o
btai
n su
ccul
ent r
egro
wth
from
per
enni
al
gras
ses f
or g
oats
/live
stoc
k du
ring
the
dry
seas
on
(The
impo
rtanc
e of
this
fact
or h
as d
imin
ishe
d as
go
at h
erdi
ng h
as d
imin
ishe
d) ;
• O
ther
reas
ons f
or b
urni
ng –
incl
udin
g cr
imin
al
burn
ing
; •
Lim
ited
budg
et/re
sour
ces o
f the
land
m
anag
emen
t aut
horit
y (F
ores
t Dep
artm
ent)
; •
No
econ
omic
ally
via
ble,
pro
ven
mod
els/
tech
niqu
es/m
odel
s for
rest
orin
g th
ese
site
s to
full,
eve
rgre
en fo
rest
cov
er a
nd fo
r su
stai
nabl
e m
anag
emen
t of t
he re
stor
ed fo
rest
. •
Mun
icip
ality
con
tribu
tes n
othi
ng to
war
ds
rest
orat
ion
and
sust
aina
ble
land
man
agem
ent.
• Sq
uatte
rs e
stab
lishe
d ill
egal
ly a
t the
bas
e of
thes
e m
ount
ains
•
Use
of f
ire a
s a
tool
for c
lear
ing
the
land
. •
Land
tenu
re –
Lan
d is
ow
ned
by th
e St
ate.
Loc
al
popu
latio
ns h
ave
little
ince
ntiv
e to
pro
tect
and
fire
dang
er o
r use
of v
ery
earl
y, li
ght,
patc
hy, p
artia
l co
ntro
lled
burn
s to
min
imiz
e dr
y se
ason
wild
fires
. •
Dev
elop
men
t of m
ulti-
disc
iplin
ary,
pa
rtic
ipat
ory,
inte
rsec
tora
l ap
proa
ches
incl
udin
g ci
vil
soci
ety
grou
ps;
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f ada
ptiv
e m
anag
emen
t app
roac
hes f
or
mon
itori
ng fi
re ri
sk m
anag
emen
t an
d re
fore
stat
ion
optio
ns te
sted
an
d fo
r mod
ifyin
g te
chni
ques
ac
cord
ingl
y ;
• Ec
onom
ic/fi
nanc
ial a
naly
ses t
o id
entif
y th
e m
ost c
ost e
ffect
ive
fire
cont
rol a
nd re
fore
stat
ion
syst
ems
• Pr
ogra
m o
f aw
aren
ess r
aisi
ng,
fire
prev
entio
n an
d co
ntro
l •
Enfo
rcem
ent t
o pr
even
t set
tlem
ent
by sq
uatte
rs ;
43
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
rapi
d ru
noff
ra
tes.
Dan
ger o
f flo
odin
g •
Land
slid
es
5. L
oss o
f w
etla
nds (
Lack
of
m
onito
ring
sy
stem
do
es n
ot
allo
w
quan
tifi
catio
n)
• Lo
ss o
f hy
drol
ogic
al
func
tions
•
Loss
of
biod
iver
sit
y
• St
rong
pre
ssur
es fo
r dev
elop
men
t of t
hese
ec
onom
ical
ly h
igh
valu
e si
tes ;
•
Con
ditio
n/lo
ss o
f wet
land
s is n
ot b
eing
m
onito
red
syst
emat
ical
ly ;
• 20
02 E
nviro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
requ
ired
EIA
fo
r any
dev
elop
men
t of w
etla
nds b
ut la
ck o
f m
onito
ring
syst
em m
akes
it im
poss
ible
to
anal
yze
how
wel
l thi
s law
is b
eing
resp
ecte
d ;
• M
any
wet
land
s are
on
priv
ate
land
s mak
ing
grou
nd m
onito
ring
diff
icul
t ;
• In
stitu
tiona
l res
pons
ibili
ties a
nd re
gula
tions
for
wet
land
s con
serv
atio
n ar
e fr
agm
ente
d an
d un
clea
r.
• A
war
enes
s rai
sing
on
impo
rtanc
e of
wet
land
s ;
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f a w
etla
nds
cons
erva
tion
stra
tegy
for
defin
ition
of c
lear
inst
itutio
nal
resp
onsi
bilit
ies,
mob
iliza
tion
of
adeq
uate
reso
urce
s for
def
initi
on
of si
te-s
peci
fic p
riorit
ies;
•
Inte
grat
ion
of w
etla
nds i
nto
land
in
form
atio
n sy
stem
•
Dev
elop
men
t of w
etla
nds
mon
itori
ng sy
stem
usi
ng sa
telli
te
imag
ery
and
grou
nd v
isits
and
lin
ked
with
cle
ar e
nfor
cem
ent
capa
bilit
ies.
6. E
rosi
on
in
deve
lop
• D
epos
itio
n of
se
dim
ents
• D
rain
s in
settl
ed a
reas
are
ofte
n no
t mai
ntai
ned
(blo
ckag
es) o
r ina
dequ
atel
y de
sign
ed le
adin
g to
er
osio
n an
d pr
oper
ty d
amag
es d
urin
g
• A
dequ
ate
inve
stm
ents
in p
rope
r de
sign
, upg
radi
ng a
nd
mai
nten
ance
of d
rain
age
syst
ems ;
44
Typ
e of
L
and
Deg
rada
tion
Bio
-Ph
ysic
al
Impa
cts
Roo
t Cau
ses
Pote
ntia
l Cor
rect
ive/
Miti
gatin
g M
easu
res
ed a
reas
in
stre
ams,
lago
ons
and
on
reef
s
cycl
ones
/hea
vy ra
ins ;
•
Car
eles
s con
stru
ctio
n te
chni
ques
leav
e ba
re so
il ex
pose
d to
hea
vy ra
ins.
Con
stru
ctio
n on
stee
p sl
opes
with
out a
dequ
ate
engi
neer
ing
and
soil
prot
ectiv
e m
easu
res
• D
evel
opm
ent a
nd e
nfor
cem
ent o
f ap
prop
riate
regu
latio
ns
min
imiz
ing
risk
of e
rosi
on fr
om
cons
truct
ion
site
s.
Ann
ex C
: Log
ical
Fra
mew
ork
for
Sust
aina
ble
Lan
d M
anag
emen
t in
Mau
ritiu
s and
R
odri
gues
Out
com
es
Key
Per
form
ance
Impa
ct
Indi
cato
rs
Mea
ns o
f V
erifi
catio
n C
ritic
al A
ssum
ptio
ns/R
isks
Lon
g-T
erm
Goa
l: Th
e ag
ricul
tura
l, pa
stur
e,
fore
st a
nd o
ther
te
rres
trial
land
use
s of
Mau
ritiu
s and
Rod
rigue
s ar
e su
stai
nabl
e,
prod
uctiv
e sy
stem
s tha
t m
aint
ain
ecos
yste
m
prod
uctiv
ity a
nd
ecol
ogic
al fu
nctio
ns
45
whi
le c
ontri
butin
g di
rect
ly to
the
envi
ronm
enta
l, ec
onom
ic
and
soci
al w
ell-b
eing
of
the
coun
try.
Proj
ect O
bjec
tive:
C
apac
ities
for
sust
aina
ble
land
m
anag
emen
t are
bui
lt in
ap
prop
riate
gov
ernm
ent
and
civi
l soc
iety
in
stitu
tions
/use
r gro
ups.
• N
AP
appr
oved
by
Cab
inet
•
Bes
t pra
ctic
es a
nd g
uide
lines
fo
r SLM
are
bro
adly
di
ssem
inat
ed a
nd u
sed
for
deve
lopm
ent p
lann
ing,
zo
ning
and
agr
icul
tura
l ex
tens
ion.
Cab
inet
de
cisi
ons a
re
publ
ishe
d on
th
e In
tern
et
Publ
ishe
d be
st
prac
tices
and
gu
idel
ines
Su
rvey
of
user
s
Con
tinue
d po
litic
al su
ppor
t fo
r int
egra
ting
SLM
into
na
tiona
l dev
elop
men
t pl
anni
ng
Out
com
e 1:
SLM
is
mai
nstre
amed
into
na
tiona
l pol
icie
s, pl
ans
and
legi
slat
ion.
• Th
e N
atio
nal F
ores
t Pol
icy
and
Nat
iona
l For
est A
ctio
n Pl
ans c
onta
in sp
ecifi
c se
ctio
ns o
n la
nd d
egra
datio
n an
d su
stai
nabl
e la
nd
man
agem
ent.
Ba
selin
e: N
FP &
NFA
P no
t ye
t sta
rted.
M
T: W
ork
on in
tegr
atio
n of
SL
M in
to N
FP in
pro
gres
s •
Cen
tral g
over
nmen
t dev
elop
s an
d ap
plie
s gui
delin
es fo
r
Cop
ies o
f th
e N
FP a
nd
the
NFA
P Pu
blis
hed
guid
elin
es
Fund
ing
is m
obili
zed
for t
he
NFP
and
NFA
P C
ontin
ued
polit
ical
supp
ort
46
inte
grat
ing
SLM
into
de
velo
pmen
t per
mits
issu
ed
by m
unic
ipal
ities
Ba
selin
e: G
uide
lines
don
’t ex
ist
MT:
Gui
delin
es u
nder
de
velo
pmen
t O
utco
me
2: H
uman
re
sour
ce c
apac
ities
ne
eded
for S
LM a
re
deve
lope
d.
• Th
e st
aff o
f NR
SC, F
SM,
FSR
, MoH
L, A
REU
, UoM
an
d M
SIR
I hav
e th
e ca
paci
ty
to in
tegr
ate
new
sate
llite
im
ager
y ob
tain
ed b
y N
RSC
in
to th
eir L
ISs a
nd to
use
it
for m
onito
ring
and
or
anal
yses
rela
ted
to S
LM.
Base
line:
Onl
y N
RSC
has
the
capa
city
to in
tegr
ate
imag
ery
into
thei
r LIS
. No
one
has t
he
capa
city
to u
se fo
r SLM
an
alys
es.
MT:
15
tech
nici
ans t
rain
ed in
in
tegr
atio
n of
imag
ery
into
LI
S. 5
of t
hem
hav
e co
nduc
ted
SLM
-rel
ated
an
alys
es u
sing
the
LIS
of
thei
r hom
e in
stitu
tion.
MTR
, TA
G,
PMU
N
RSC
mak
es im
ager
y av
aila
ble
to a
ll in
stitu
tions
w
ith L
IS c
apab
ility
Lo
cal a
nd n
atio
nal p
lann
ing
bodi
es a
re c
omm
itted
to th
e in
tegr
atio
n of
SLM
co
nsid
erat
ions
into
de
velo
pmen
t pla
nnin
g
Out
com
e 3:
Cap
aciti
es
• Th
e bo
unda
ries o
f all
Stat
e-•
MTR
, Th
e va
rious
ins
titut
ions
will
47
for k
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t for
SLM
ar
e de
velo
ped
owne
d la
nds h
ave
been
di
gitiz
ed a
nd a
re in
tegr
ated
in
to la
nd in
form
atio
n sy
stem
s of
the
Fore
st S
ervi
ce, M
oHL,
U
oM, N
RSC
and
any
oth
ers
that
wis
h to
inte
grat
e th
is
info
rmat
ion.
Ba
selin
e: M
oHL
has
digi
tized
all
surv
ey
boun
darie
s of n
early
all
land
s (p
rivat
e an
d pu
blic
) on
a 20
km2
pilo
t coa
stal
are
a in
M
aurit
ius.
MT:
Dig
itiza
tion
of st
ate
land
s sur
veys
und
erw
ay fo
r M
aurit
ius
• A
cle
arly
def
ined
, tra
nspa
rent
m
echa
nism
will
be
in p
lace
fo
r oth
er g
over
nmen
t and
ci
vil s
ocie
ty in
stitu
tions
to
gain
acc
ess t
o in
form
atio
n fr
om th
e SL
M-r
elat
ed la
nd
info
rmat
ion
syst
ems.
Base
line:
No
such
m
echa
nism
exi
sts.
MT:
Dra
ft pr
otoc
ol h
as b
een
prep
ared
.
PMU
pr
ojec
t re
ports
, TA
G
• M
TR,
PMU
pr
ojec
t re
ports
, SC
, TA
G
• M
TR,
PMU
pr
ojec
t re
ports
, TA
G
be w
illin
g to
col
labo
rate
on
inte
grat
ed
appr
oach
es
to
sust
aina
ble
land
man
agem
ent
and
to s
harin
g ac
cess
to la
nd
info
rmat
ion
syst
ems
deve
lope
d;
Gov
ernm
ent
auth
oriti
es w
ill
rem
ain
com
mitt
ed
to
revi
ewin
g an
d st
reng
then
ing
the
vario
us le
ase
syst
ems
for
Stat
e-ow
ned
land
; G
over
nmen
t an
d th
e ke
y in
stitu
tions
in
volv
ed
will
co
mm
it th
e re
sour
ces
need
ed
to
mai
ntai
ning
be
yond
th
e lif
e of
the
pro
ject
, th
e SL
M
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
syst
ems
to b
e de
velo
ped
with
pr
ojec
t ass
ista
nce.
G
over
nmen
t com
mits
the
reso
urce
s nec
essa
ry fo
r di
gitiz
ing
the
land
su
rvey
/ow
ners
hip
reco
rds
need
ed to
mak
e th
e la
nd
info
rmat
ion
syst
ems t
he m
ost
usef
ul fo
r SLM
mon
itorin
g an
d pl
anni
ng.
48
• SL
M M
&E
syst
ems a
re
oper
atio
nal f
or a
gric
ultu
ral,
past
ure,
fore
st la
nds a
nd
wet
land
s and
ope
ratio
nal
cost
s are
cov
ered
by
non-
proj
ect s
ourc
es
Base
line:
No
M&
E sy
stem
s ex
ist f
or th
ese
sect
ors.
MT:
M&
E sy
stem
s for
ag
ricul
ture
and
pas
ture
land
s ar
e un
der d
evel
opm
ent a
nd
test
ing.
The
y ar
e fu
nctio
nal
for m
onito
ring
of fo
rest
en
croa
chm
ent,
river
rese
rves
, m
ount
ain
rese
rves
, cle
arin
g fo
r dee
r pas
ture
s, en
croa
chm
ent o
f wet
land
s an
d fo
r exp
ansi
on o
f se
ttlem
ents
. Neg
otia
tions
un
derw
ay fo
r cov
erin
g re
curr
ent c
osts
.
Out
com
e 4:
The
N
atio
nal A
ctio
n Pr
ogra
m
for t
he U
NC
CD
is
com
plet
ed
• N
AP
appr
oved
by
Cab
inet
of
Min
iste
rs
• C
abin
et
deci
sion
s ar
e pu
blis
hed
on th
e In
tern
et
Fund
s are
mob
ilize
d
49
O
utpu
ts a
nd
Act
iviti
es
Out
put I
ndic
ator
A
ctiv
ities
and
Sub
-Act
iviti
es
Res
pons
ibi
lity
Ann
ual
Tar
gets
O
utco
me
1 : M
ains
trea
min
g
1.1.
1. In
tegr
ate
SLM
con
cern
s in
to th
e ne
w N
atio
nal
Fore
stry
Pol
icy
FS-M
Spec
ific
sect
ions
on
SLM
in N
FP in
Y
r 1
Out
puts
1.
1.
Int
egra
tion
of
SLM
into
the
new
Nat
iona
l Fo
rest
ry P
olic
y an
d Fo
rest
A
ctio
n Pl
an
• Sp
ecifi
c se
ctio
ns in
th
e N
atio
nal F
ores
t Po
licy
and
Fore
st
Act
ion
Plan
inte
grat
e SL
M le
sson
s lea
rned
an
d be
st p
ract
ices
. Ba
selin
e: N
FP n
ot y
et
star
ted
1.1.
2. In
tegr
ate
SLM
con
cern
s in
to th
e ne
w F
ores
t A
ctio
n Pl
an
FS-M
Spec
ific
sect
ions
on
SLM
in N
FAP
in Y
r 1
1.2.
1. P
repa
re d
raft
polic
ies
and
legi
slat
ion
for
inte
grat
ed S
LM a
s ap
prop
riate
Stat
e La
w
Off
ice/
Ag
M/ A
gR/
FS-
M/U
oM
Dra
ft po
licie
s an
d le
gisl
atio
n pr
epar
ed
1.2.
D
evel
opm
ent
of p
olic
y,
regu
lato
ry a
nd
econ
omic
in
cent
ive
fram
ewor
ks
rega
rdin
g su
stai
nabl
e
• N
ew p
olic
ies,
legi
slat
ion
and
regu
latio
ns a
dopt
ed
incl
udin
g in
cent
ives
fo
r SLM
and
pe
nalti
es fo
r de
stru
ctiv
e pr
actic
es
Base
line:
SLM
Tas
k
1.2.
2. C
ondu
ct w
orks
hops
for
stak
ehol
der i
nput
s and
va
lidat
ion
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
e/U
oM
Stak
ehol
der
wor
ksho
ps in
Y
r 2
50
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
prac
tices
on
non-
fore
st la
nd
Forc
e se
t und
er th
e Su
gar S
ecto
r St
rate
gic
Plan
200
1 to
de
al w
ith S
LM is
sues
G
uide
lines
pre
pare
d by
AR
EU fo
r SLM
fo
r Veg
etab
le
Gro
wer
s
1.2.
3. G
uide
the
new
pol
icie
s an
d le
gisl
atio
n th
roug
h th
e ap
prov
al p
roce
ss
Stat
e La
w
Off
ice/
Ag
M /A
gR/
FS
One
wor
ksho
p of
25
parti
cipa
nts f
or
1 da
y he
ld in
Y
r 2
1.3.
A
n SL
M
Inve
stm
ent
• Th
e U
NC
CD
N
atio
nal
1.3.
1. Id
entif
y pr
iorit
y SL
M
inve
stm
ent n
eeds
and
op
portu
nitie
s
PMU
/Loc
al
cont
ract
2-m
an te
am
loca
l co
nsul
tant
s
51
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
Plan
is
deve
lope
d C
oord
inat
ing
Bod
y (N
CB
), U
NC
CD
Fo
cal P
oint
and
the
Min
istry
of F
inan
ce
use
the
SLM
In
vest
men
t Pla
n to
m
obili
ze, c
oord
inat
e an
d di
rect
in
vest
men
ts n
eede
d fo
r sus
tain
able
land
m
anag
emen
t in
Mau
ritiu
s. Ba
selin
e: T
here
is
little
reco
gniti
on o
f th
e ne
ed fo
r in
vest
men
ts in
SLM
, no
NC
B a
nd n
o SL
M
Inve
stm
ent P
lan.
1.3.
2. D
evel
op a
cos
ted
SLM
In
vest
men
t Pla
n in
clud
ing
brie
f con
cept
pa
pers
for p
riorit
y in
vest
men
ts
PMU
/Loc
al
cont
ract
2-m
an te
am
loca
l co
nsul
tant
s
52
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
Out
com
e 2
: Tra
inin
g an
d H
uman
Res
ourc
e C
apac
ity B
uild
ing
for
SLM
O
utpu
ts
2.1.
En
hanc
ed
capa
citie
s for
us
e of
in
tegr
ated
land
in
form
atio
n sy
stem
s/G
IS/
rem
ote
sens
ing
for S
LM
• 25
tech
nici
ans a
re
train
ed a
nd k
now
ho
w to
inte
grat
e G
IS
and
sate
llite
imag
e da
ta in
to a
n LI
S fo
r SL
M a
pplic
atio
ns
Base
line:
Som
e pe
ople
hav
e tra
inin
g on
LIS
/GIS
at t
he
UoM
, NR
SC, M
oHL,
M
SIR
I and
FS
R/R
egio
nal
Ass
embl
y R
odrig
ues.
Ver
y lit
tle u
se o
f re
mot
e se
nsin
g im
ager
y.
2.1.
1. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng o
n th
e us
e of
LIS
/GIS
to S
LM
2.1.
2. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng o
n
rem
ote
sens
ing
appl
icat
ions
to S
LM
FoA
of U
oM
/NR
SC
FoA
of U
oM
/NR
SC
1 x
2 w
k.
train
ing
cour
se fo
r 25
parti
cipa
nts
at t
he U
oM
(cer
tific
ates
aw
arde
d) in
Y
r 1
2.2.
En
hanc
ed
capa
citie
s for
su
stai
nabl
e pa
stur
e m
anag
emen
t
• 15
indi
vidu
als
unde
rsta
nd th
e fu
ndam
enta
ls o
f how
to
man
age
past
ures
to
min
imiz
e so
il
2.2.
1. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng o
n pa
rtici
pato
ry
man
agem
ent o
f ope
n pa
stur
e sy
stem
s (r
ange
land
s) –
R
odrig
ues
Inte
rnat
iona
l co
nsul
tant
O
ne tr
aini
ng
cour
se fo
r 25
parti
cipa
nts
for 1
wk
he
ld in
Yr 1
–
Rod
rigue
s
53
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
2.2.
2. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng o
n su
stai
nabl
e ag
ricul
tura
l pr
actic
es
2.2.
2.1.
D
evel
op a
nd
appl
y tra
inin
g m
odul
es
for M
aurit
ius
2.2.
2.2.
D
evel
op a
nd
appl
y tra
inin
g m
odul
es
for R
odrig
ues
FoA
of U
oM Fo
A o
f U
OM
/ AgR
Two
1 w
k
train
ing
cour
se fo
r to
tal 2
5 pa
rtici
pant
s fo
r hel
d in
Y
r 1
and
sust
aina
ble
agric
ultu
re
eros
ion,
to fa
vor t
he
grow
th o
f pre
ferr
ed
fora
ge sp
p., a
nd th
e fu
ndam
enta
ls o
f pa
rtici
pato
ry
appr
oach
es to
NR
M.
• 15
ag
exte
nsio
n ag
ents
and
5 o
ther
in
divi
dual
s un
ders
tand
bes
t pr
actic
es fo
r m
inim
izin
g er
osio
n on
cul
tivat
ed fi
elds
an
d fo
r mai
ntai
ning
so
il fe
rtilit
y an
d pr
oduc
tivity
. •
20 fa
rmer
s, he
rder
s, N
GO
/CB
O st
aff
train
ed in
the
basi
cs
of p
roje
ct p
ropo
sal
prep
arat
ion
2.2.
3.1.
Pr
ovid
e tra
inin
g/as
sist
ance
in
Mau
ritiu
s to
reso
urce
us
ers i
n th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
pro
ject
pro
posa
ls fo
r in
tegr
ated
SLM
2.
2.3.
2.
Prov
ide
train
ing/
assi
stan
ce in
R
odrig
ues t
o re
sour
ce
user
s in
the
prep
arat
ion
of p
roje
ct p
ropo
sals
for
inte
grat
ed S
LM (E
U
dece
ntra
lized
pa
rtici
patio
n Pr
ojec
t, G
EF S
mal
l Gra
nts…
)
Con
tract
ed
Con
tract
ed
One
2-d
ay
train
ing
cour
se h
eld
for
Rod
rigue
s an
d on
e fo
r M
aurit
ius
(Yr 2
) for
25
parti
cipa
nts
54
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
2.3.
1. D
evel
op tr
aini
ng
mod
ules
as n
eede
d
Con
tract
ed
Se
para
te
mod
ules
de
velo
ped
for M
aurit
ius
and
Rod
rigue
s
2.3.
Dev
elop
men
t of
capa
citie
s for
th
e us
e of
LI
S/LI
MS
and
SLM
gu
idel
ines
fo
r in
tegr
atin
g SL
M in
to
plan
ning
/ zo
ning
and
pe
rmit
appr
oval
at
cent
ral a
nd
loca
l au
thor
ities
le
vel
• A
ll m
unic
ipal
ities
ha
ve a
t lea
st o
ne st
aff
mem
ber t
rain
ed to
m
ake
use
of S
LM
guid
elin
es a
nd L
IS
data
base
s for
pl
anni
ng, z
onin
g an
d pr
oces
sing
of p
erm
it ap
plic
atio
ns.
Base
line:
No
mun
icip
aliti
es h
ave
staf
f tra
ined
in u
se o
f SL
M g
uide
lines
2.3.
2. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng in
M
aurit
ius
2.3.
3. C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng in
R
odrig
ues
Con
tract
ed
Con
tract
ed
2 x
2 da
y tra
inin
g w
orks
hop
by
loca
l co
nsul
tant
fo
r 25
parti
cipa
nts
55
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
2.4.
1. C
ondu
ct h
ands
-on
train
ing
of tr
aine
rs a
nd
mod
ule
deve
lopm
ent
Inte
rnat
iona
l ac
adem
ic
expe
rt
One
in
tern
atio
nal
expe
rt x
2 w
ks h
and-
on
train
ing
for
10
parti
cipa
nts
and
mod
ule
deve
lopm
ent
usin
g ca
se
stud
ies f
rom
K
M
2.4.
Dev
elop
men
t of
exp
ertis
e in
en
viro
nmen
tal
/nat
ural
re
sour
ce
econ
omic
s
• Fi
ve E
nv/N
R
econ
omis
ts h
ave
the
capa
city
to
cond
uct/o
vers
ee
econ
omic
and
fin
anci
al c
ost-b
enef
it an
d pr
ofita
bilit
y an
alys
es o
f lan
d us
e sy
stem
s. 10
staf
f of
key
inst
itutio
ns h
ave
capa
city
to c
ondu
ct
basi
c co
st-b
enef
it an
alys
es u
nder
su
perv
isio
n of
the
first
five
Ba
selin
e: M
aurit
ius
has e
ight
pr
ofes
sion
als
(FoA
,UoM
, MEP
D
and
AR
EU)
with
tra
inin
g in
en
viro
nmen
tal/
NR
ec
onom
ics b
ut n
one
are
train
ed to
ana
lyze
la
nd u
se sy
stem
s
2.4.
2. C
ondu
ct b
asic
NR
ec
onom
ics t
rain
ing
of
staf
f in
FSM
, FSR
, A
gM, A
gR, R
RA
, M
oHL
Con
tract
s w
ith p
eopl
e tra
ined
in
activ
ity
2.4.
1.
1 w
k tra
inin
g co
urse
for 1
5 pa
rtici
pant
s
56
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
2.5.
1. D
evel
op c
ost-e
ffec
tive
stra
tegi
es fo
r re
stor
atio
n/
refo
rest
atio
n of
gra
ss-
dom
inat
ed, f
ire-
degr
aded
mou
ntai
n sl
opes
Inte
rnat
iona
l fir
e ec
olog
y ex
pert
1.5
wee
k m
issi
on Y
r 1
2.5.
2. P
rovi
de tr
aini
ng in
re
stor
atio
n to
ols
incl
udin
g a)
ear
ly
cont
rolle
d bu
rnin
g an
d gr
azin
g fo
r fire
risk
re
duct
ion,
and
b)
wild
fire
prev
entio
n an
d w
ildfir
e su
ppre
ssio
n.
Inte
rnat
iona
l fir
e m
anag
emen
t an
d co
ntro
l ex
pert
(pre
fera
bly
the
sam
e as
2.
5.1)
1.5
wee
k m
issi
on Y
r 1
2.5.
Enha
nced
ca
paci
ties f
or
rest
orat
ion
and
man
agem
ent
of fi
re-
degr
aded
su
bhum
id
mou
ntai
n ec
osys
tem
s
• Fo
rest
ry S
ervi
ce in
M
aurit
ius u
ses t
heir
train
ing
and
equi
pmen
t to
cond
uct
early
, lig
ht c
ontro
lled
burn
s as p
art o
f a se
t of
mon
itore
d re
stor
atio
n tri
als o
n de
grad
ed m
ount
ain
slop
es.
Base
line:
For
est
agen
ts h
ave
no
train
ing
and
no
equi
pmen
t and
do
not
use
cont
rolle
d bu
rns
as la
nd m
anag
emen
t to
ols.
2.
5.3.
Pro
cure
bas
ic
equi
pmen
t for
co
ntro
lled
burn
ing
and
fire
supp
ress
ion
Equi
pmen
t re
com
men
ded
by IC
Proc
urem
ent
Yr 2
Out
com
e 3
: K
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t for
SL
M
57
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.1.
1. C
ondu
ct a
sses
smen
ts o
f ec
olog
ical
sust
aina
bilit
y of
land
use
syst
ems f
or
agric
ultu
re, p
astu
re
use/
man
agem
ent a
nd
fore
st u
se/m
anag
emen
t (id
entif
ying
land
de
grad
atio
n pr
oble
ms
and
thei
r cau
ses a
nd
iden
tifyi
ng b
est
prac
tices
– w
heth
er
tradi
tiona
l or m
oder
n)
stre
ngth
s and
w
eakn
esse
s ide
ntifi
ed
for e
ach.
FoA
of
UO
M/
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es
thro
ugh
stud
ent
rese
arch
3 re
ports
in
Yea
r II
Out
puts
3.
1.
Parti
cipa
tor
y as
sess
men
ts
of th
e su
stai
nabi
lity
of la
nd u
se
syst
ems
• Th
e ca
uses
and
the
seve
rity
of so
il lo
ss
and
ferti
lity
loss
hav
e be
en id
entif
ied
for
each
of t
he m
ajor
ty
pes o
f agr
icul
ture
on
the
two
isla
nds
and
best
pr
actic
es/le
sson
s le
arne
d fo
r eac
h ag
sy
stem
hav
e be
en
sum
mar
ized
•
The
caus
es a
nd th
e se
verit
y of
soil
loss
an
d of
pro
duct
ivity
lo
ss (e
spec
ially
loss
of
pre
ferr
ed fo
rage
sp
p) h
ave
been
id
entif
ied
on g
razi
ng
land
s and
the
less
ons
lear
ned/
best
pra
ctic
es
have
bee
n id
entif
ied.
•
The
abili
ty o
f all
fore
st p
lant
atio
n
3.1.
2. C
ondu
ct a
naly
ses o
f the
ec
onom
ic c
osts
and
be
nefit
s and
the
finan
cial
pro
fitab
ility
of
the
mai
n ag
ricul
ture
, pa
stur
e an
d fo
rest
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s.
FoSS
H o
f U
oM
thro
ugh
stud
ent
rese
arch
th
esis
/FS-
M&
R
Ana
lysi
s of
the
Econ
omic
co
sts a
nd
bene
fits f
or
the
thre
e sy
stem
s co
mpl
eted
in
the
form
of
stud
ents
thes
is
58
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
spec
ies t
o re
tain
soil/
pr
even
t ero
sion
has
be
en a
naly
zed
and
rank
ed a
nd
3.1.
3. D
evel
op sy
nthe
sis o
f le
sson
s lea
rned
, bes
t pr
actic
es, k
now
ledg
e ga
ps a
nd re
sear
ch
need
s;
FoA
of
UoM
/ Fo
rest
ry
Serv
ices
One
repo
rt in
Y
ear 2
59
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.1.
4. P
repa
re st
atus
repo
rt on
la
nd d
egra
datio
n in
M
aurit
ius a
nd
Rod
rigue
s
FoA
of
UoM
Tw
o re
ports
in
Yr 2
(O
ne fo
r M
aurit
ius &
on
e fo
r R
odrig
ues)
60
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.2.
1. D
evel
op a
nd im
plem
ent
an a
war
enes
s rai
sing
pr
ogra
m fo
r fa
rmer
s an
d he
rder
s (M
aurit
ius)
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es/
FoA
of
UoM
One
boo
klet
on
SLM
pr
actic
es fo
r ag
ricul
ture
an
d pa
stur
e m
anag
emen
t to
be
publ
ishe
d an
d
dist
ribut
ed.
One
trai
ning
co
urse
for 2
5 M
aurit
ians
3.2.
Sh
arin
g of
K
now
ledg
e on
SL
M
• 90
% o
f all
farm
ers
and
herd
ers o
n tw
o is
land
s rec
eive
bo
okle
ts o
n ec
olog
ical
ly so
und
and
finan
cial
ly
prof
itabl
e SL
M
prac
tices
. •
Agr
icul
tura
l ex
tens
ion
mat
eria
ls
are
mod
ified
to
enha
nce
SLM
te
chni
ques
•
All
agric
ultu
ral
exte
nsio
n of
ficer
s re
ceiv
e tra
inin
g in
su
stai
nabl
e ag
ricul
tura
l te
chni
ques
•
All
mem
bers
of
natio
nal a
nd re
gion
al
asse
mbl
ies r
ecei
ve
SLM
pol
icy
brie
fs
3.2.
2. D
evel
op a
nd im
plem
ent
an a
war
enes
s rai
sing
pr
ogra
m fo
r fa
rmer
s an
d he
rder
s (R
odrig
ues)
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es/
FoA
of
UoM
/RR
A
One
boo
klet
on
SLM
pr
actic
es fo
r ag
ricul
ture
an
d pa
stur
e m
anag
emen
t to
be
publ
ishe
d an
d
dist
ribut
ed.
One
trai
ning
co
urse
for 2
5 R
odrig
uans
61
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.2.
3. D
evel
op p
olic
y br
iefs
on
SLM
for d
ecis
ion
mak
ers
2
brie
fs Y
r 2
and
2 in
Yr 3
3.3.
D
evel
opm
ent
of L
and
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
ems
• A
n in
tens
ivel
y gr
ound
-trut
hed
fore
st
cove
r typ
e m
ap b
ased
on
a c
lass
ifica
tion
sche
me
that
take
s int
o ac
coun
t FSM
in
form
atio
n ne
eds
and
the
capa
bilit
ies o
f th
e im
ager
y av
aila
ble
is c
ompl
eted
and
in
tegr
ated
into
the
FLIS
•
All
Stat
e fo
rest
land
s su
rvey
bou
ndar
ies a
re
digi
tized
and
ent
ered
in
to th
e FL
IS a
nd a
ll av
aila
ble
owne
rshi
p in
form
atio
n of
priv
ate
fore
st la
nd o
wne
rshi
p ar
e in
tegr
ated
.
3.3.
1. D
evel
op F
ores
try L
and
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em
Mau
ritiu
s (ow
ners
hip,
fo
rest
cov
er ty
pe, f
ores
t co
nditi
on…
) 3.
3.1.
1.
Def
ine
the
para
met
ers o
f the
sy
stem
and
pro
cure
ha
rdw
are/
softw
are
3.3.
1.2.
D
evel
op fo
rest
co
ver m
ap fo
r Mau
ritiu
s 3.
3.1.
3.
Dig
itize
the
boun
darie
s of S
tate
Fo
rest
Lan
ds (c
o-fin
anci
ng G
ovt)
3.3.
1.4.
Pe
rfor
m d
ata
entry
and
ana
lysi
s of
defo
rest
atio
n/la
nd
degr
adat
ion
on F
ores
t La
nds (
Gov
t co-
finan
cing
)
} } Con
tract
ed } FS
-M
and/
or
MoH
L }
} C
ontra
cte
d }
FIM
S de
velo
ped
in
Yea
r 1 &
2
Proc
urem
ent
Of h
ardw
are
and
softw
are
in Y
ear I
Fo
rest
cov
er
type
map
pr
epar
ed Y
r 1&
2 D
igiti
zatio
n
com
plet
ed in
Y
ear 2
D
ata
entry
an
alys
is
com
plet
ed in
Y
r 1&
2
62
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.3.
2. D
evel
op L
and
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em fo
r M
aurit
ius (
Gov
t co-
finan
cing
)
MoH
L A
ll St
ate
fore
st la
nds
digi
tized
by
Yr 2
•
A p
roto
col f
or
inte
grat
ed st
anda
rds,
acce
ss c
ondi
tions
and
da
ta sh
arin
g is
es
tabl
ishe
d an
d ap
plie
d fo
r the
ne
twor
k of
LIS
pr
ovid
ing
esse
ntia
l in
form
atio
n re
quire
d fo
r SLM
. Ba
selin
e: L
ISs e
xist
at
MoH
L, N
RSC
, M
SIR
I, SI
FB, A
REU
an
d FS
R. N
o LI
S fo
r FS
M. N
o pr
otoc
ol fo
r st
anda
rds,
acce
ss a
nd
shar
ing
exis
ts fo
r the
ne
twor
k
3.3.
3. H
arm
oniz
atio
n of
LIS
s 3.
3.3.
1.
Iden
tify
over
laps
an
d ga
ps a
mon
gst
exis
ting
LISs
(D
evel
op
linka
ges &
par
tner
ship
s be
twee
n M
oHL
LIS,
M
SIR
I LIS
, NR
SC
MA
UR
IS, L
IS
Rod
rigue
s and
FM
IS,
UO
M/F
OA
’s G
IS)
3.3.
3.2.
D
evel
op a
n in
tera
genc
y pr
otoc
ol o
n LI
S in
form
atio
n ac
cess
an
d sh
arin
g an
d da
ta
stan
dard
s
} } } Fo
rest
ry
}Ser
vice
s/
}NR
SC/
UoM
} } }
3.4.
D
evel
opm
ent
of
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
syst
ems
• A
syst
em fo
r m
onito
ring
the
use
of
best
pra
ctic
es th
at
min
imiz
e so
il lo
ss
3.4.
1. D
evel
op a
syst
em fo
r m
onito
ring
the
sust
aina
bilit
y of
pas
ture
la
nds u
se a
nd
man
agem
ent
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es/
AgM
/AgR
/FoA
of
UoM
Fram
ewor
k of
M
& E
in
Yea
r 2 fo
r M
aurit
ius &
R
odrig
ues
63
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
and
that
mai
ntai
n so
il fe
rtilit
y is
ope
ratio
nal
on b
oth
isla
nds
• A
syst
em fo
r
3.4.
2. D
evel
op a
syst
em fo
r m
onito
ring
of
agric
ultu
ral
sust
aina
bilit
y
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es/
AgM
/AgR
/FoA
of
UoM
Fram
ewor
k of
M
& E
in
Yea
r 2 f
or
Mau
ritiu
s &
Rod
rigue
s
64
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.4.
3. D
evel
op a
syst
em fo
r m
onito
ring
fore
st a
nd
fore
st p
astu
re la
nds
3.4.
3.1.
Fo
rest
en
croa
chm
ent s
tudi
es
usin
g sa
telli
te im
ager
y 3.
4.3.
2.
Mon
itorin
g of
cl
earin
g fo
r dee
r pa
stur
es fr
om sa
telli
te
imag
ery
3.4.
3.3.
M
onito
ring
of
clea
ring
of ri
ver a
nd
mou
ntai
n re
serv
es a
nd
conv
ersi
on o
f wet
land
s fr
om sa
telli
te im
ager
y 3.
4.4.
Dev
elop
a sy
stem
for
mon
itorin
g th
e ex
pans
ion
of
settl
emen
ts a
nd th
eir
encr
oach
men
t on
othe
r la
nd u
ses
} } } AgM
/AgR
/ }NR
SC/M
oHL/
}F
oA o
f U
oM/
}FS-
M&
R
}Ove
rsea
s }E
xper
t } } } } } }
Mon
itorin
g sy
stem
in Y
r 1&
2 En
croa
chm
ent
stud
y Y
r 1
Mon
itorin
g of
de
er p
astu
res
Yr 1
M
onito
ring
of
riv
er a
nd
mou
ntai
n re
serv
es a
nd
wet
land
s Yr
1 Mon
itorin
g sy
stem
ex
pans
ion
settl
emen
ts Y
r 2
65
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
3.5.
1. C
ondu
ct a
par
ticip
ator
y re
view
of s
treng
ths a
nd
wea
knes
ses o
f lea
se
syst
ems i
n re
gard
s to
SLM
AgM
&R
/F
S-M
&R
/RR
A/ M
oHL
One
2 d
ay
wor
ksho
p fo
r 25
st
akeh
olde
rs/
parti
cipa
nts,
and
subm
it re
port
ther
eon
3.5.
En
hanc
ed
SLM
thro
ugh
impr
ovem
ents
to
the
Stat
e la
nds l
easi
ng
syst
ems
• A
ll ne
w le
ases
as
wel
l as r
enew
al o
f le
ases
incl
ude
ince
ntiv
es fo
r SLM
an
d/or
pen
altie
s for
la
nd d
egra
datio
n.
Base
line:
Lea
se
syst
ems f
or fo
rest
and
“p
as g
éom
étriq
ue”
land
s on
Mau
ritiu
s ar
e fu
nctio
nal b
ut d
o no
t int
egra
te S
LM
clau
ses.
Leas
e sy
stem
fo
r Rod
rigue
s has
fa
llen
into
abe
yanc
e.
3.5.
2. F
acili
tate
a p
artic
ipat
ory
proc
ess t
o de
velo
p im
prov
ed, s
treng
then
ed
leas
e sy
stem
s tha
t pr
ovid
e in
cent
ives
, re
gula
tions
and
m
onito
ring/
enfo
rcem
ent
for S
LM
AgM
&R
/F
S-M
&R
/RR
A/ M
oHL
One
2 d
ay
wor
ksho
p fo
r 25
st
akeh
olde
rs/
parti
cipa
nts,
and
subm
it re
port
ther
eon
3.6.
Pl
anni
ng fo
r SL
M
alte
rnat
ives
to
suga
r can
e cu
ltiva
tion
• A
ltern
ativ
e la
nd u
ses
to su
gar c
ane
have
be
en id
entif
ied.
The
ec
olog
ical
su
stai
nabi
lity
and
the
3.6.
1 Id
entif
y la
nd u
se
alte
rnat
ives
to su
gar
cane
and
ana
lyze
the
ecol
ogic
al su
stai
nabi
lity
and
econ
omic
/fina
ncia
l vi
abili
ty o
f eac
h
FoA
of
UO
M
/AgM
/Ag
R/ M
SIR
I
One
repo
rt in
Y
ear 2
66
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
prof
itabi
lity
of e
ach
has b
een
anal
yzed
an
d ra
nked
. Ba
selin
e: A
task
fo
rce
com
pris
ing
vario
us st
akeh
olde
rs
alre
ady
wor
king
on
SLM
asp
ect o
f Sug
ar
Sect
or S
trate
gic
Plan
. •
Dec
isio
n m
aker
s are
in
form
ed o
f tra
deof
fs
betw
een
land
use
al
tern
ativ
e
3.6.
2 D
evel
op p
olic
y br
iefs
an
d st
rate
gies
for t
he
prom
otio
n of
su
stai
nabl
e la
nd u
se
alte
rnat
ives
to su
gar
cane
.
AgM
/AgR
/ FoA
of
UO
M/
MSI
RI
1 po
licy
brie
f ea
ch Y
r 1 &
2
Stra
tegy
co
mpl
eted
Yr
3
Out
com
e 4:
Com
plet
ion
of N
atio
nal A
ctio
n Pr
ogra
m fo
r U
NC
CD
67
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
4.1.
1. D
evel
op a
dra
ft N
AP
incl
udin
g pr
oble
m a
nd
root
cau
se a
naly
sis a
nd
prio
ritiz
atio
n of
act
ions
Fore
stry
Se
r-vi
ces/
nati
onal
co
nsul
tan
t
Dra
ft N
AP
prep
ared
Yr 1
O
utpu
ts
4.1.
Pre
para
tion
of
the
NA
P
• Fi
nal d
raft
of N
AP
com
plet
ed
• B
asel
ine
natio
nal
repo
rt of
land
de
grad
atio
n su
bmitt
ed
4.1.
2. C
ompl
ete
the
mod
ifica
tion
and
valid
atio
n of
the
NA
P th
roug
h st
akeh
olde
r w
orks
hops
Fore
stry
Se
r-vi
ces/
nati
onal
co
nsul
tan
t
One
st
akeh
olde
rs
wor
ksho
p of
25
par
ticip
ants
fo
r 1 d
ay in
M
aurit
ius a
nd
1 in
Rod
rigue
s Y
r 1
4.2.
A
dopt
ion
of
the
NA
P •
NA
P ad
opte
d by
G
over
nmen
t and
st
akeh
olde
rs
4.2.
1. F
orm
al a
dopt
ion
of
NA
P by
Gov
ernm
ent
and
nego
tiatio
n of
al
loca
tion
of n
atio
nal
budg
et fo
r NA
P im
plem
enta
tion
Fore
stry
Se
rvic
es/
natio
nal
cons
ulta
nt
Fina
l NA
P su
bmitt
ed to
G
over
nmen
t fo
r fun
ding
an
d im
plem
enta
tion
in Y
ear 3
•
NA
P pu
blis
hed
4.2.
2. F
orm
al p
ublic
atio
n an
d di
ssem
inat
ion
of th
e Fo
rest
ry
Serv
ices
/N
AP
mad
e pu
blic
at p
ress
68
Out
puts
and
A
ctiv
ities
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Act
iviti
es a
nd S
ub-A
ctiv
ities
R
espo
nsi
bilit
y A
nnua
l T
arge
ts
NA
P th
roug
h aw
aren
ess
and
med
ia p
rogr
ams
AgM
/Ag
R/
Nat
iona
l C
onsu
ltan
t
conf
eren
ce.
Pres
s rel
ease
Y
r 3
69
Ann
ex D
: Ins
titut
ions
and
Gro
ups R
epre
sent
ed a
t UN
DP/
GE
F St
akeh
olde
r V
alid
atio
n W
orks
hop
W
orks
hop
on C
apac
ity B
uild
ing
and
Sust
aina
ble
Lan
d M
anag
emen
t Pe
arle
Bea
ch H
otel
– W
edne
sday
08
Sept
embe
r 20
04
Lis
t of
Par
ticip
ants
S. N
N
ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
1 M
. AB
DO
OLA
M
/ Fis
herie
s - A
lbio
n Fi
sher
ies R
esea
rch
Cen
tre
Tech
nica
l O
ffic
er
23
8-41
00
238
-41
84
2
J. A
DN
ATH
(Mis
s)
Cen
tral W
ater
A
utho
rity
Tech
nica
l O
ffic
er
60
1-50
00
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jaya
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AR
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ntis
t 4
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ar
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tnet
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4 S.
BA
GH
A
Nat
iona
l You
ng
Farm
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b M
anag
er
415
180
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15
1805
yo
ungf
arm
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AIS
SAC
M
aurit
ius W
ildlif
e Fo
unda
tion
Ecot
ouris
m
Man
ager
6
97 6
097
697
65
12
pbai
ssac
@in
tnet
.m
u 6
V. B
ALL
OO
Fore
stry
Ser
vice
sFo
rest
er
670
102
4
-
7
Z.A
. Fo
rest
ry S
ervi
ces
Fore
ster
6
75 4
966
-
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ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
N
B
AU
REC
K
8
K
. BO
OD
HO
OU
nive
rsity
of
Mau
ritiu
s A
L/Le
ctur
er
454
104
1
kboo
dhoo
@uo
m.a
c.m
u 9
M
.C
AU
LLY
CH
UR
N
Wat
er R
esou
rces
Uni
t H
ydro
logi
cal
Off
icer
4
65 7
988
-
10
N. C
OO
NJA
NM
inis
try o
fA
gric
ultu
re, F
T &
NR
Pr
inci
pal
Res
earc
h &
D
evel
opm
ent
Off
icer
465
747
2 46
6 15
59
moa
.agr
ic.c
hem
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ail g
ov.m
u
11
S. FA
CK
NA
TH(
Mrs
)
Uni
vers
ity o
f M
aurit
ius
Seni
or
Lect
urer
10
41
(Ext
. 139
4)
454
9642
12
D. G
AN
SAM
S.I.F
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rvey
or
208
3236
-
13
P. G
OO
LAU
PM
eteo
rolo
gica
lSe
rvic
es
Met
eoro
logi
st68
610
31/3
2
686
1033
m
eteo
@in
tnet
.mu
14
T.
GU
NES
HFa
rmer
s Ser
vice
Cor
pora
tion
Man
ager
4332
482/
3 43
3248
5 FS
LHO
@in
tnet
.m
u 15
R
. HA
GEN
UN
DP/
Fore
stry
Dep
artm
ent
Proj
ect
Dev
elop
men
t Sp
ecia
list
218
8795
399
2188
7967
77
Cha
peau
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L.co
m
16
Mr.
R.
Hau
zare
e Ir
rigat
ion
Aut
horit
y Pr
inci
pal
Engi
neer
21
2531
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17
P.
A
REU
Prin
cipa
l46
6388
546
6880
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tnet
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f@uo
m.a
c.m
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71
S.N
ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
N
H
AN
OO
MA
NJ
EE
Res
earc
h Sc
ient
ist
9 18
M
rs. J
oom
un
Rem
ote
Sens
ing
Tech
nica
l O
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er
2080
747
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540
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div@
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Mr.
F.Je
erub
arkh
an
M I
E
Seni
or
Lect
urer
, H
ead,
Cen
tre
for d
ista
nt
educ
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n
4541
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4675
161
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alj@
intn
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N.
JOY
RA
M
Fore
stry
Ser
vice
Fo
rest
Gua
rd
6754
966
6743
449
fore
st@
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et.m
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A
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KH
AD
UN
M
aurit
ius W
ild L
ife
Foun
datio
n Is
land
R
esto
ratio
n M
anag
er
6976
097/
6976
117
6976
137
6976
512
akha
dun@
mw
f.in
t.mu
22
N. K
HED
AH
Bea
ch A
utho
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Tech
nica
lM
anag
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2120
059
-
23
Pr
of. T
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AN
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nive
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C
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C
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n.ac
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25
B
. LA
LLJE
EFo
rest
ry S
ervi
ceN
atio
nal
--
vind
l@uo
m.a
c.m
72
S.N
ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
N
C
onsu
ltant
u
26
P. L
AU
TUN
Fore
stry
Ser
vice
Fore
ster
-
-
27
D
. LO
KEE
M
aurit
ius V
eget
able
Gro
wer
s Ass
ocia
tion
Pres
iden
t46
7003
246
7122
6
mup
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tnet
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28
N. L
UC
HO
O
M/H
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ng &
Lan
ds
Seni
or
Surv
eyor
21
0093
8 -
soob
ashl
ucho
o@h
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ail.c
om
29
Mr.
J. C
. M
onty
M
aurit
ius C
ham
ber o
f A
gric
ultu
re
Div
ersi
ficat
ion
Off
icer
21
1303
1-20
8074
7 21
0854
0 m
cadi
v@in
tnet
.mu
30
Mr.
Moo
loo
Min
istry
of
Envi
ronm
ent
Act
ing
Dep
uty
Dire
ctor
2128
332
- 83
27
2122
9407
sm
oolo
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Y
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NG
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O
Nat
iona
l Par
ks &
C
onse
rvat
ion
Ser
vice
D
irect
or
46
4299
346
5118
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npcs
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. NA
WJE
E Fo
rest
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ervi
ce
Fore
st
Ran
ger
675-
4966
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4-34
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fore
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S.A
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UPI
AH
Fo
rest
ry S
ervi
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C
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of F
ores
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675-
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674-
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fo
rest
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tnet
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A
. PER
SAN
DFo
rest
ry S
ervi
ceFo
rest
er
243-
8874
fo
rest
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tnet
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35.
Dr.
A.
Mau
ritiu
sPr
ojec
t42
7-44
3442
7-m
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intn
et.m
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S.N
ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
N
PO
ON
YTH
Oce
anog
raph
yIn
stitu
te
Off
icer
(B
iolo
gica
l O
cean
ogra
pher
)
4433
36.
M. P
UTT
OO
N
atio
nal P
arks
&
Con
serv
atio
n Se
rvic
eR
esea
rch
&
Dev
elop
men
t O
ffic
er
464-
4016
46
5-11
84
npcs
agr@
intn
et.
mu
37
Mr.
Ram
dhar
ry
Rem
ote
Sens
ing
Agr
icul
tura
l Te
chni
cian
67
4047
067
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R.
RA
MSU
RN
(M
rs)
Min
istry
of F
inan
ce
& E
cono
mic
D
evel
opm
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Econ
omis
t20
1-26
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@m
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gov.
mu
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M
r.R
amki
ssoo
n FA
RC
Dire
ctor
Gen
eral
46
5101
146
5334
4 fa
rcdg
@in
tnet
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40.
R
. RU
TTY
Fo
rest
ry S
ervi
ce
Fore
st
Ran
ger
675-
4966
674-
3449
fo
rest
@in
tnet
.mu
41.
S. SEEW
OO
BA
DU
TH
UN
EP/N
CSA
Nat
iona
l Pr
ojec
t C
o-or
dina
tor
213-
4240
212-
9407
ncsa
.pcu
@in
tnet
.mu
42.
D
.SH
IBN
AU
TH
Fo
rest
ry S
ervi
ce
D
eput
y Fo
rest
67
4-04
8167
4-34
49
fore
st@
intn
et.m
u
74
S.N
ame
Org
anis
atio
n D
esig
natio
n Ph
one
No.
Fa
x N
o.E
mai
l Add
ress
N
R
ange
r43
.
N
. SO
OG
UN
(Mrs
) M
in. o
f Env
ironm
ent
Envi
ronm
ent
Off
icer
21
2-43
8521
2-66
71
nsoo
gun@
mai
l.gov
.mu
44.
V
.SU
NA
SSEE
(M
rs)
B
lack
Riv
er D
istri
ct
Cou
ncil
Hea
d –
Plan
ning
D
ept
452-
0921
452-
0303
briv
erdc
@in
tnet
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u
45.
V. T
ATA
YA
H
Mtiu
s Wild
life
Foun
datio
n Fa
una
Man
ager
69
7-60
97
697-
6512
vi
ktat
@in
tnet
.mu
46.
R
.V
ENG
ATA
RED
DY
Fore
stry
Ser
vice
Fo
rest
er
675-
4966
24
0-00
06
fo
rest
@in
tnet
.mu
47.
M.A
.Y
AD
ALL
EE
M
in. o
f Env
ironm
ent
& N
DU
En
viro
nmen
t O
ffic
er
208-
7866
21
2-69
75
212-
6671
envl
aw@
intn
et.
mu
75
Ann
ex E
: Maj
or F
ield
Inte
rven
tions
aim
ed a
t Com
batin
g L
and
Deg
rada
tion
and
Miti
gatio
n of
Dro
ught
Eff
ects
. Pr
ojec
ts c
ompl
eted
dur
ing
the
past
5 y
ears
S.N
o.
Des
crip
tion
of P
roje
cts,
e.g.
Pro
ject
obj
ectiv
es, p
roje
ct a
rea,
ac
tiviti
es, e
tc.
Cos
t
Est
imat
e(U
SD)
1 M
idla
nds d
am p
roje
ct
57M
2
Reh
abili
tatio
n of
La
Nic
olie
re F
eede
r Can
al
9.6M
3
Reh
abili
tatio
n of
Tria
non-
Gro
sses
Roc
hes F
eede
r Can
al (t
o La
Fer
me
rese
rvoi
r)
2.1M
4
Reh
abili
tatio
n of
Mar
e-au
x-V
acoa
s Dam
2.
5M
5 R
ehab
ilita
tion
of M
unic
ipal
Dyk
e (f
or P
ort-L
ouis
wat
er su
pply
) 2.
1M
6 St
udy
of c
oast
al e
rosi
on in
Mau
ritiu
s 0.
5M
7 R
evie
w o
f Nat
iona
l Phy
sica
l Dev
elop
men
t Pla
n 0.
9M
8 C
ontro
l and
miti
gatio
n of
ero
sion
in 3
wat
ersh
eds (
Pist
ache
,Mou
rouk
& R
ivie
re
Ban
ane)
(R
odri
gues
) 1.
1M
9 R
ehab
ilita
tion
of d
rain
at P
ista
che,
Mou
rouk
and
Riv
iere
Ban
ane
( 3.9
km
) (R
odri
gues
) 0.
4M
10
Oth
er m
inor
pro
ject
s 0.
7M
76
O
n-go
ing
proj
ects
S.N
o. D
escr
iptio
n of
Pro
ject
s, e.
g. P
roje
ct o
bjec
tives
, pro
ject
are
a,
activ
ities
, etc
.
Cos
t Est
imat
e
(USD
) 1
Re-
affo
rest
atio
n of
65
Ha
of d
egra
ded
fore
sts a
t Por
t Lou
is H
ills
0.9
M
2.
Feas
ibili
ty st
udy
of B
agat
elle
Dam
0.
4M
3 Fe
asili
lity
stud
y of
Cha
mar
el D
am (
unde
r pla
ning
stag
e)
2.5M
4
SSR
mem
oria
l Par
k at
Kew
al N
agar
0.
75M
5
Con
stru
ctio
n of
dam
at A
nse
Raf
fin –
65,
00m
3 &
Pav
e la
Bon
te-7
5,00
0m3
(Rod
rigu
es)
2.9M
6 W
ater
har
vest
ing
thro
ugh
cons
truct
ion
of li
ners
, res
evoi
rs a
nd d
ams (
Rod
rigu
es)
1.
3M7
Oth
er m
inor
pro
ject
s 0.
3M
P
roje
cts i
n th
e pi
pelin
e S.
No.
Des
crip
tion
of P
roje
cts,
e.g.
Pro
ject
obj
ectiv
es, p
roje
ct a
rea,
activ
ities
, etc
.
Cos
t Est
imat
e
(USD
) 1
Re-
habi
litat
ion
of L
a Fe
rme
Dam
( D
am ra
isin
g)
3.6
M
2 S
oil a
nd w
ater
con
serv
atio
n pr
ojec
t thr
ough
out t
he Is
land
(Rodrigues)
2
M
3 O
ther
min
or p
roje
cts
0.2M
77
78
