Fire Hazards Analysis the ORNL Approach Jeff Sipes Fire Protection Engineer April 17, 2007.

Fire Hazards Analysis the ORNL Approach

Jeff SipesFire Protection Engineer

April 17, 2007

OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORYU. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

2April 2007

The Problem

From 1991 to 2004 FHAs had become the catch-all repository to

document fire protection issues FHAs had become approval type documents FHA size increased significantly Annual cost to update/maintain FHAs increased FHA evaluated risk via recommendations The FHA and DSA were regularly

not consistent and sometimes conflicting


3April 2007

FHAs and DSAs

Section 4.16 of the Implementation Guide

It is recognized, however, that because an FHA is based on the premise that a fire will occur and considers fire safety issues (property loss and program discontinuity potential) that are not normally considered in the SAR, the conclusions of the FHA may be more conservative than would normally be developed by a SAR alone. Nevertheless, the FHA and its conclusions should be addressed in the facility SAR…


4April 2007

Does Anyone know The first official direction for FHAs at DOE

facilities?

History of FHAs


5April 2007

5480.7 Fire Protection (May 1991)Fire Hazards Analyses. The purpose of a fire hazards analysis (FHA) is to comprehensively assess

the risk from fire within individual fire areas in a DOE facility in relation to existing or proposed fire protection so as to ascertain whether the objectives of Chapter I, Section 4, are met. An FHA shall be performed for new facilities (as directed by DOE 6430.1A), for new and existing nuclear facilities, or as directed by the AHJ. An FHA shall contain, but not be limited to, the following elements:

(1) Description of construction.(2) Essential safety class equipment.(3) Fire protection features.(4) Description of fire hazards.(5) Life safety considerations.(6) Critical process equipment.(7) High value property.(8) Damage potential: Maximum Credible Fire Loss (MCFL) and Maximum Possible Fire

Loss (MPFL).(9) Fire Department/Brigade response.(10) Recovery potential.(11) Potential for a toxic, biological and/or radiation incident due to a fire.(12) Emergency planning.(13) Security & Safeguards considerations related to fire protection.(14) Natural hazards (earthquake, flood, wind) impact on fire safety.(15) Exposure fire potential, including the potential for fire spread between fire areas.

An FHA shall be performed under the direction of a qualified fire protection engineer.


6April 2007

Memorandum onGuidance on Performance of FHAs

Memorandum From Joseph E. Fitzgerald, Jr November 7, 1991

Provided interim guidance on the development of FHAs Term “Comprehensively and qualitatively” Level of detail is directly related to facility

complexity and potential risk


7April 2007

5480.7A Fire Protection (2-17-93)Fire Hazards Analyses. The purpose of a fire hazards analysis (FHA) is to comprehensively assess

the risk from fire within individual fire areas in a DOE facility in relation to existing or proposed fire protection so as to ascertain whether the objectives of paragraph 4, are met. A graded FHA, that reflects the risks from fire in a facility, shall be performed for new facilities as directed by DOE 6430.1A, for nuclear facilities where safety analysis are required by DOE 5480.23, and as directed by the PSO. A Safety Analysis Report (SAR) that address the following elements will satisfy the requirement for an FHA. A graded FHA shall contain, but not be limited to, the following elements:

(a) Description of construction.(b) Protection of essential safety class equipment.(c) Fire protection features.(d) Description of fire hazards.(e) Life safety considerations.(f) Critical process equipment.(g) High value property.(h) Damage potential: Maximum Credible Fire Loss (MCFL) and Maximum Possible Fire Loss

(MPFL).(i) Fire Department/Brigade response.(j) Recovery potential.(l) Potential for a toxic, biological and/or radiation incident due to a fire.(m) Emergency planning.(n) Security considerations related to fire protection.(o) Natural hazards (earthquake, flood, wind) impact on fire safety.(p) Exposure fire potential, including the potential for fire spread between fire areas.

An FHA shall be performed under the direction of a qualified fire protection engineer.


8April 2007

420.1 Facility Safety (10-13-95)

Fire hazards analysis (FHA) for all nuclear facilities, significant new facilities and facilities that represent unique or significant fire safety risks. The FHA shall be developed using a graded approach. The conclusions for the FHA shall be incorporated in the Safety Analysis Report (SAR) Accident Analysis and shall be integrated into design basis and beyond design basis accident conclusions.

Implementation Guide for use with DOE Orders 420.1 and 440.1 Fire Safety Program.

Section 4 Fire hazards Analyses

16 paragraphs of direction for FHAs


9April 2007

420.1A Facility Safety (5-2-02)

Fire hazards analysis (FHA) for all nuclear facilities, significant new facilities and facilities that represent unique or significant fire safety risks. The FHA shall be developed using a graded approach. The conclusions for the FHA shall be incorporated in the Safety Analysis Report (SAR) Accident Analysis and shall be integrated into design basis and beyond design basis accident conclusions.


10April 2007

New Approach (at least for ORNL)

Back to the basics Comprehensively assess the risk from fire within

individual fire areas FHA shall be developed using a graded approach Conclusions for the FHA shall be carried forward

incorporated in the Safety Analysis Report (SAR) Accident Analysis


11April 2007

Step 1: Remove Unnecessary Data

Transient Facility Data

System Descriptive Data

Calculations and Secondary Assessments

Duplicative information

REASON: The above information can fluctuate without impacting the FHA Conclusions


12April 2007

Transient Facility Data

Eliminated data/descriptions which: Were not fixed and could be modified without a

work control document Examples include:

Office layout Room contents Identification of portable equipment

This information was moved to a routine assessment type document and updated at least annually


13April 2007

System Design Descriptions

Targeted System Designed Descriptions Automatic Suppression Systems Fire Barrier Systems Manual Fire Protection Fire Detection and Alarm Systems Egress Systems

Initially, this data was moved to an FHA Appendix pending the SDD Development

Develop SDDs using DOE-STD-3024


14April 2007

Calculations & Secondary Assessments

Exposure Protection Assessment

Lightning Protection Assessment

Underground Water System Assessment

Wildland Fire Exposure Assessment

Any applicable fire modeling

Moved to Fire Protection Assessment/Calculation Receives the same rigor of a design calculation


15April 2007

Duplicative Information

Thoroughly scanned the document to remove information stated in multiple sections of the FHA.

All information was given a “primary home” in the document. Secondary uses of that data was by reference


16April 2007

Step 2: Restructure the FHA

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

LIST OF ACRONYMS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 CONSTRUCTION AND FACILITY USE

3.0 FIRE PROTECTION

4.0 FIRE HAZARDS

5.0 LIFE SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

6.0 FACILITY EQUIPMENT/ PROGRAM PRESERVATION

7.0 PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION

8.0 CONCLUSIONS

9.0 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS/APPROVALS

REFERENCES

APPENDICES (as necessary)

Currently holding system data until SDDs are developed


17April 2007

Step 3: Production

Produce FHA using the MSWord Manual Publishing tools Document & Sub-document Section Control and Change Tracking

Use conclusions from the supporting documents in the FHA

Place all documents under the appropriate configuration management process


18April 2007

Step 4: Develop Update Tools

Change Tracking Need a process that ensures changes are

tracked and the FHA is reviewed for impacts

ORNL FHA Screening Review

FPE Approval Form

ORNL SAR review/Screening Process


19April 2007

Benefits of the change

FHAs which better assess the risks analyze field conditions are bounding are easier to maintain Contain the DSA fire analysis consistent with the DSA

FHAs which are Less Costly, both:

Financially

Personnel time

FHAs that are Up-to-Date, Living Documents


20April 2007

Trade-offs

FHAs are no longer “one-stop-shop” documents Changes to conclusions of input documents required a

change to the FHA Can seem complicated to manage multiple documents

A larger number of smaller documents under configuration management

Actually: Initial data indicates the FHAs are easier to manage and easier to update.

Fire Hazards Analysis the ORNL Approach Jeff Sipes Fire Protection Engineer April 17, 2007.

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