“Fire Extinguishers” OBJECTIVES: IDENTIFY 3 common classes of fires SELECT the proper type of...
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Transcript of “Fire Extinguishers” OBJECTIVES: IDENTIFY 3 common classes of fires SELECT the proper type of...
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““Fire Extinguishers” Fire Extinguishers”
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OBJECTIVES:
• IDENTIFY 3 common classes of fires
• SELECT the proper type of extinguisher
• EVALUATE when it is safe to fight an “early-stage” fire, and;
• APPLY the “P.A.S.S. method to operate a portable extinguisher.
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UNTRAINED PEOPLE Cannot use a fire extinguisher safely
because they are: • UNABLE to evaluate a fire
• UNAWARE of DANGER due to...
• LACKING JUDGEMENT regarding:
– Safe and correct use of, and
– Limitations of portable extinguishers
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WHY UNTRAINED PEOPLECan’t use a fire extinguisher safely
(continued):
INEXPERIENCED• Don’t know about the proper type of extinguisher
• Don’t know how to make a “Fight or Flight” analysis• Unfamiliar with the “P.A.S.S.
method”
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COMMON FIRE CLASSIFICATIONS
“Ordinary” combustibles Paper, wood, rubber, plastics
and textiles.
“Flammable liquids” Oil, gasoline, solvents
“Energized circuits”
Electrical equipment and computers
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HOW THEY WORK:
• Works by Works by cooling.cooling. • Numerical rating indicates amount of agent, duration, and range of
discharge on test fires.• Area of Class A fire which a “non-expert” can extinguish, with Area of Class A fire which a “non-expert” can extinguish, with
proper trainingproper training – 1-A is 1-A is equivalent on Class-A fire to five liters of waterequivalent on Class-A fire to five liters of water. . – 22-A contains has -A contains has twice as muchtwice as much extinguishing agent. extinguishing agent.
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HOW THEY WORK:
• Works by blanketing the fuel. Works by blanketing the fuel. • Interrupts chemical reaction at fuel surface.Interrupts chemical reaction at fuel surface. • Class B ratings signify the Class B ratings signify the area in square feetarea in square feet of of
flammable liquid fire a unit will extinguish when flammable liquid fire a unit will extinguish when used, by a trained, “non-expert.”used, by a trained, “non-expert.”
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HOW THEY WORK:
• Class “C” units have no numerical rating.• A Class “C” rating doesn’t imply any capacity.• Only indicates that the extinguishing agent is Only indicates that the extinguishing agent is
non-conductivenon-conductive, safe on energized equipment., safe on energized equipment.• Works by displacing oxygen, smothering fire.
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COMMON TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING
AGENTS
• WATER • DRY CHEMICAL• CO2 and Halon
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WATER• Water + CO2 propellant
• ONLY for Class firesONLY for Class fires
–wood / paper, etc.
• Spreads burning liquids!
• DANGERDANGER of electric shock if used on on live circuits!
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DRY CHEMICAL MULTI-PURPOSE RATED
• Best for general use:• Reduced risk of re-ignition• A 10 lb. unit empties in 8-10 secs.
– Effective range of 6 ft. to 15 ft.
Either Or
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C02 - Rated• Best on burning liquids / electrical• SHORT range - 3 to 8 ft.• 10- pound unit empties in 5 to 10 seconds!
– Use short spurts!
• DISPERSES QUICKLY! – Continue applying after the fire is out!
• Unit gets VERY cold - hold properly
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Halon• Best for computers / electronics• Weight-for-weight TWICE as effective as C02
• No residue, easy clean-up• VERY SHORT range, 3 to 6 ft.
• Like C02, Discharges QUICKLY!
• Like C02, Disperses QUICKLY!– Continue after flames are extinguished
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Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Can be CARRIED to a fire
• Weigh from 5 to 30 pounds
• NFPA Class and Rating – Arabic numerals according
to efficiency - 4A extinguishes
twice as much Class A fire as 2A
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Portable Fire Extinguishers
LIMITED IN:• Capacity - 1.5 to 25 lbs. of
extinguishing agent
• Range - Typically 3 to 15 feet
• Duration - Discharge their
contents in only 5 to 30 seconds!
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Extinguisher Common features
• Locking pin• Carrying handle / operating lever • Pressure gauge• Label :
– Type (Water, C02, Dry Chemical)– Classification (A, B, C)– NFPA capacity Rating– Instructions
• Discharge nozzle or horn
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In case of burning odor or smoke:
• Call 911 First!
• Notify ?
• Disconnect Equipment – Remove combustibles, if you can do so
without danger to yourself
• Notify Emergency Safety Coordinator
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Use a portable extinguisher ONLY if the:
• Building is being evacuated (Fire alarm has been pulled)
• Fire Department has been called (Dial 911!)
• Fire is NOT spreading (small and contained)
• EXIT IS CLEAR (fight fire with your back to an exit )
• Proper extinguisher is at hand, and...– You have been trained and know how to use it!– You use “Buddy System” - have someone back you up!
• Get assistance BEFORE trying to fight a fire!
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Remember the PASS
word:
1) Keep your back to a clear escape route,
2) Stand back 6 to 8 feet from the fire,
3) Then >>:
P.A.S.S.PULL
AIM
SQUEEZE
SWEEP
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PULL the pin
AIM LOW at the base
of the fire
SQUEEZEthe lever
SWEEP
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OK, It’s out…Now What?
• WATCH the fire area– If the fire flares up again repeat! – If you can’t control the fire, LEAVE immediately!
• Call the fire department to inspect the scene! • Recharge or replace any used fire extinguisher!
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Maintaining Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Must maintain in a fully charged and operable condition
• Must keep in their designated places at all times except during use
• Must conduct an annual maintenance check
• Must record the annual maintenance date and retain this record for one year after the last entry or the life of the shell, whichever is less