FINAL STUDENTS PIL - Indexwhytes.in/english/Civil/STUDENTS Public Interest Litigation -...

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SUBJECT INDEX

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2G Spectrum case..................................458

A

Abolition of

bonded labour system––..................415

bonded labour system............................

Absence of Medical or other

Evidence–only self statement

available–effect ? ...........................288

Abuse of

process of the Court––

penalized by monetary compensation ..................................649

the process of the Court...................202

Accused

Determination of compensation depends on capacity of— .......................370

Acquisition of

land by Railways .............................598

Administrative decisions

Judicial review of.––Writ

Jurisdiction—Locus standi ..............462

Adversary litigation

PIL is not in the nature of—............438

Affect the working and

functioning of the office of the

Chief Minster of the State of

Maharashtra...........................................62

Agreement, custom, etc., to be void .....416

Air and Water pollution .......................623

by Trade or Industry........................525

AIR Pollutant in

Industry ...........................................525

Air Pollution

Extent of .......................................547

in Residential Area.—

Existence and survival of

industries falling within the

mischief of the regulatory

Statute ............................................. 526

Allegations of

corrupt practices—Coalition

Politics on post election .................. 473

the full time Law teachers

against the petitioners are

based on surmises and

conjecture........................................ 199

infrastructure fraud–referred

to apt govt. machinery like

Lokayukta ....................................... 460

Allotment of House ............................... 649

Allotment of Land................................. 664

carrying tag of cast or

religion––allotment to be per

doctrine of equality ......................... 465

for TATA Nano car project in

Gujarat–PIL rejected ....................... 459

for the purpose of school................. 503

Amalgamation of

co-operative societies...................... 663

Amending

Act .................................................... 78

Provisions ......................................... 74

Annihilation of

inhabitants by factory Effect

prayer is made before Court............ 527

Anonymous Petition

Whether The—Is To Be

Treated As Public Interest

Litigation ?........................................ 38

Apology

How to be made? ............................ 456

Appeal

–Maintainability of.......................... 456

Applicability of

Procedural Law—........................... 618

Appointment of

730 Public Interest Litigation

Chief Vigilance

Commissioner .................................512

Non-official visitors of jail—..........393

Apprehension of

violation of fundamental right .........253

Arrest

Legal duty of Police ........................334

Requirements of ..............................334

Arrest of

volunteers of political party.............313

Auction

Legality of—of mines of sand.........517

Authorities who may be specified

for

implementing the provisions

of this Act........................................418

Award

to STF for killing

Veerappan—contention that it

was unclear whether it was

encounter or suicide—effect ............287

B

Bail

Compliance of non-bailable

warrant in custodial death

against Police personnel ................367

Grant of. ..........................................399

Bamboo

Cutting of ........................................605

Ban old Vehicle

Rigour of Order—...........................553

Ban on

limestone quarries is a right of

people to live in healthy

atmosphere ......................................529

manufacture of few fireworks

Prohibited which creates noise

beyond permissible limit .................529

manufacture of few

fireworks—Prohibited which creates noise

beyond permissible limit ................578

smoking in public places .................621

Bank

PIL against increase in non-

recovered loans by— ...................... 460

Bar Association

Petition by—Challenging

establishment of Court of Joint

District Judge and Additional Sessions Judge—Locus standi ......... 635

Bar on

Public Interest Litigation—............. 243

Beach

Construction................................... 493

Benefit of

personal right .................................. 271

Binding Nature

of decision......................................... 75

Black Money Stashed in Swiss

Banks

Orders passed by the Supreme

Court 239

SIT Formed—Power to order

this SIT derived from ...................... 241

Bonded debt

Liability to repay—to stand

extinguished .................................... 416

Bonded labour system .......................... 415

Abolition of..................................... 415

Bonded Labour ..................................... 316

Bonded labourer

Freed—not to be evicted from

homestead, etc................................. 417

Property of—to be freed from

mortgage, etc................................... 417

Burden of Proof

to be on Police for non-torture–per Law

Commission’s Report on

Evidence Act................................... 337

Bureaucracy

Misuse of Public money by a

subdued––....................................... 200

Bye-laws missing–effect

Subject Index 731

Distance of buildings either

side of the road from the centre of the road–...........................693

C

CAG

—Direction for estimation of

profit and loss.—Gold

reserves ...........................................457

Campaign for awareness of the

Govt. schemes–held,

non political campaign ....................464

Cancellation of

registration of traders ........................250

Cantonment Act

Question of law relating to

interpretation of Article of

Constitution and provisions of

the—..................................................92

Case beneficial

to a Particular Individual.— .............285

Cattle Wealth

Depletion of.....................................576

Cause of

environment degradation.................529

Cause of action

for Public Litigation ........................273

CBI investigation

is no ground for converting a

case into PIL......................................68

Central and State amendment

Repugnancy between—.....................90

Central Statute

Clear-cut provision in........................78

Challenging establishment of

Court of Joint District Judge

and Additional Sessions

Judge

Petition by Bar Association.——Locus standi.................................635

Check on polluted atmosphere

Prevention and control of pollution ..........................................529

Chief Vigilance Commissioner

Appointment of–– ........................... 512

Child

Marriage Prohibition Officers ......... 407

—Marriage—A stigma ................... 408

Marriage—Prohibition

Officers to be public servants.......... 408

marriages in contravention of

injunction orders to be void ............ 407

marriages to be voidable at the

option of contracting party

being a child.................................... 403

Power of court to issue

injunction prohibiting—

marriages......................................... 406

Punishment for male adult marrying a—................................... 405

Punishment for promoting or

permitting solemnization of—

marriages............................................... 405

Child Labour

Prohibition and Regulation of—..... 414

Child Marriage

Prohibition Officers to be

public servants ................................ 408

Child Prostitution

—Rescuing of .......................................313

Children

Legitimacy of—born of child marriages......................................... 405

Welfare of ....................................... 413

Chlorine Gas

Escaping of— ................................. 570

Citizen person

—Liberty of .................................... 298

Citizenship

The Courts and theories of

Democracy,––and Good

Governance ....................................... 66

Civil suit

Pendency of .................................... 663

Clear-cut provision in

Central Statute................................... 78

Closure of workshop


for livelihood Constitutionally

recognised values, cannot be ignored ............................................529

Coalition Politics on post election

Allegation of corrupt practices ........473

Cognizable

Offences to be—and non-

bailable ............................................407

Cognizance

Responsive Law Court must

take—of the fact and act

accordingly......................................552

Collective activity ..................................450

Committee for

Protection of Democratic

Rights ..............................................289

Commonwealth Games Village

constructed on a riverbed ................497

Compensation

Abuse of process of the

Court––penalized by monetary .......642

by Industry ......................................530

Custodial death—............................335

Dangerous activity to pay—

loss. Nature of the activity

carried on ........................................535

Death in police custody ...........332, 335

Delay in speedy trial caused

mental anguish liable for— .............360

Detention in Jail to labourer

for no reason, liable for— ...............339

Determination of—depends on

capacity of accused..................................370

Failure to show illegal detention

not entitled for–– ...............................342

for illegal detention .........................279

Grant of—for violation of

Fundamental Right ..........................348

Illegal detention-claim of ................279

Liability to pay ................................282

to victim of police atrocities............280

Violation of Fundamental Freedoms and Human

Rights—Writ for— .........................326

Compulsory exposure of

unwilling persons

to dangerous and disastrous

noise violative of Article 21............ 530

Concept of

Locus Standi...................................... 94

Conditional order for removal of nuisance.

Consequences of his falling

to do so........................................ 625

Conflict

between two similar statutes................75

Conscious decision

after taking them into account......... 530

Constitution

Deprivation of right of life and

liberty under Article 21 of—........... 256

Environmental Protection is

a—Mandate..................................... 545

Every person is entitled to life

as enjoined in Article of the— ........ 299

Constitution

Question of law relating to

interpretation of Article of—

and provisions of the Cantonment Act ................................ 92

Relief for breach of Article 21

of the—........................................... 306

Scope of Human Right and

Article 21 of the— .......................... 327

Whenever a problem of ecology

is brought before the court, it is bound to bear in mind Article 48

A of the .....................................................618

Constitution of India

and Public Interest Litigation—Fundamental

rights ............................................... 269

Article 12 ........................................ 271

Article 15 ........................................ 304

Constitutional provisions

International treaties to be in

conformity to................................... 666

Constitutionality

Presumption as to.............................. 88

Subject Index 733

Constructed on a riverbed

Commonwealth Games

Village.............................................497

Construction

Beach...............................................493

—Commonwealth Games

Village (CGV) & Metro

Section of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation etc.—PIL.....................459

for Municipal School.......................507

Haphazard—of Guest Houses,

Commercial Establishments & Hotels.—Relief Not Granted...........485

Legal documents—of ........................82

near Protected monuments––Humayun’s Tomb............................497

of judgment .......................................77

of Mosque .......................................494

of New Judicial Complex................640

of Stadium and Marriage

Pandals on historic park ..................621

of stadium.—Whether the writ petition qualifies the

requirements of public interest

litigation? ........................................497

on historic park................................497

Proviso ..............................................88

statute ................................................75

Construction activity

Illegal construction..........................201

Litigation for enforcing public

duty .................................................202

not conforming to the law...............190

Repair of road..................................201

Construction—Commonwealth

Games Village (CGV)

& Metro Section of Delhi

Metro Rail Corporation etc.—

PIL ..................................................459

Construction of stadium.—

Whether the writ

petition qualifies the

requirements of public interest litigation? ........................................497

Consumerism of

Plastic and its effect ........................ 531

Consumers Association

Petition by....................................... 182

Contemporanea Exposition

A Method of...................................... 83

Contempt of Court

what amounts to .............................. 456

Contempt

Power of High Court ....................... 456

proceedings against

Government Officials...................... 450

Contravention of notice

inviting tenders––Public

Property sold at throw away

prices............................................... 497

Converting a case into PIL

CBI investigation is no ground

for...................................................... 68

Conviction

Protection in respect of—for

offences........................................... 301

Co-operative societies

––Amalgamation of ........................ 663

Corrupt Practices

In Telephone exchange ................... 468

Countermanding election

on the ground of failure to

conduct free, fair and

impartial election ............................ 474

Court

Abuse of process of the––

penalized by monetary compensation .................................. 642

Enlargement of provisions of

Act by—.......................................... 209

False statement made before

the—Effect ........................................451

Court to which petition should be

made ............................................... 405

Court-fees

on PIL are payable ............................ 67

Courts and advocates


Rajasthan High Court

direction for making available the land for the facility of—............641

Courts duty

Petition on newspaper

report—Locus Standi ......................207

Speedy Trial–Undue delay in

judgment. ........................................206

Strict Scrutiny .................................232

To check if it is Public interest

or Publicity interest .........................208

to judge genuine PIL .......................659

Courts should not place reliance

on decisions without

discussing as to how the

factual situation fits in with the fact situation of the

decision ...........................................209

Creditor

not to accept payment against

extinguished debt ............................417

Criminal Contempt

—Ingredients of ..............................456

Criminal justice

Participation of victim in

the—process....................................301

requires justice to victim due

to loss of life....................................368

Custodial death

Compensation..................................335

Worst kind of crimes .......................336

Custodial violence

and abuse of Police Officers............335

Custody

and maintenance of children of child marriage ...............................404

Cut of remission

—Imposition of ...............................395

Cutting of

Bamboo ...........................................605

fodder ..............................................625

D

Damages

caused by pollution be

recovered from who pollutes........... 535

Dangerous activity

to pay compensation loss—Nature of the activity carried

on .................................................... 535

Death

in illness of thousand persons

and pollution crime ......................... 535

Tragic incident of patients––

due to Fire ....................................... 225

Deduction

of expenses from prisoner by

State .................................... 368

not permissible ................................ 369

Deeming provision .................................. 78

Deficiency in

Communication.—While in jail,

communication................................ 471

Definition clause...................................... 78

Degradation

due to pollution ............................... 536

Delay

in speedy trial caused mental

anguish liable for

compensation .................................. 360

in trials—Right of prisoners—........ 392

Delays

Disposal of cases—......................... 644

Democracy

The Courts and theories of––

,Citizenship, and Good

Governance ....................................... 66

Demolition

of the existing old toilet block

near ‘Gateway of India’ in

Mumbai........................................... 496

order for dilapidated building.......... 625

Denial of

Subject Index 735

Overcrowding of prisons &

inadequate human resources—speedy trial.......................................523

Public right ........................................... 625

Depletion

of Cattle Wealth ..............................576

Deprivation of

right of life and liberty under

Article 21 of Constitution................256

Dereliction of duty

by public authority ..........................200

Detention

in Jail to labourer for no

reason, liable for compensation ........339

Detenu

Fundamental rights of......................343

Determination of

compensation depends on

capacity of accused..................................370

Determination of

objects of statute................................74

Dilapidated building

Demolition order for .......................625

Direction for estimation of profit

and loss

CAG—Gold reserves ......................457

Direction sought on State Govt.

—policy formulation on

setting up retail outlets along

National Highway ...........................459

Directions for, issued

Public interest litigation—

Origin and development—

Charted out—Preservation of

purity and sanctity—.........................16

Discharge of

effluents on river Ganga..................541

environmental pollutants and

hazardous substances ......................541

Discrimination

alleged in water connection––

relief not granted .............................661

Disposal of cases

—delays ..........................................644

Disposal of

the land by bulk sale ....................... 662

Distance of buildings

either side of the road from the centre of the road–bye-laws

missing–effect. ................................ 693

District court

Power of—to modify orders

issued under Sec. 4 or 5 .................. 405

District Magistrate

Duty of—and officers authorized by him ........................... 418

Duty of—and other officers to

ensure credit.................................... 418

Disturbance

Environmental—............................. 251

Doctrine of equality

Allotment of Land carrying

tag of cast or religion––

allotment to be per .......................... 465

Documentary proof

—source of possession

unexplained..................................... 510

Doubtful credentials of litigant

Appointment of amicus curiae........ 204

Court may still examine the

issue having regard to various

nature of the public cause?.............. 204

Duty of

Court to weigh the Public

Interest of Litigants ......................... 620

DM & officers authorized by

him .................................................. 418

District Magistrate and other

officers to ensure credit................... 418

the Govt. to prevent hazardous

and inherently dangerous

activities causing health

hazards and creating pollution.......... 541

E

Ecology and environment..................... 542

Ecology


Whenever a problem of—is

brought, the court is bound to bear in mind Article 48A of the

Constitution.............................................618

Economic Justice ...................................432

Education

Governments negligence

towards—(Bihar case).....................500

—Prevention of ragging ..................505

Educational Institutional

Fundamental rights—Running

of— .................................................504

Effects of

noise on sleep and rest. Lack

of Concentration..............................543

Ejusdem generis rule ...............................78

Election

Countermanding––on the ground of failure to conduct

free, fair and impartial

election............................................474

Electricity, roads, pavements,

water, transport

Free access of public to public

amenities—. ....................................645

Enactment and commencement of an Act ..................................................... 78

Encounter

by Police not illegal.........................340

Encounter or suicide

Award to STF for killing

Veerappan—contention that it was unclear whether it was—

effect................................................287

Encroachment

due to public thoroughfare ..............486

on Government Land.......................488

of road .........................................489

Enforcement

of fundamental right ........................253

of laws made for prevention of

pollution ..........................................620

Enlargement of

provisions of Act by Court ..............209

Ubi jus ubi remedium...................... 250

Environment

Cause of—degradation.................... 529

Ecological balance and P.I.L........... 201

Maintainability of ........................... 188

Problems of Roads and

sanitation in colony ..................... 186

Vehicular pollution in Delhi ........... 621

Environmental conservation

—Sustainable development can be achieved only by an

environmental management

with the active public

participation .................................... 543

Environmental Courts .......................... 596

Tribunals Problems of

complex technology problem

when scientific knowledge is

institutionalised in policy making or used as a basis for

decision making by agencies

and Courts....................................... 543

Environmental

disturbance ...................................... 251

Ground of—and health hazard

and nuisance.................................... 550

questions affecting humanity .......... 545

Environmental pollution

Petition alleging—Whether every citizen has fundamental

right? ............................................... 564

Environmental protection

Consciousness for ........................... 530

is a Constitution Mandate ............... 545

Equal Protection of Law....................... 302

Escaping of

Chlorine Gas ................................... 570

Essential ingredients

to be satisfied before issuing

any direction on public

interest Litigation .............................. 58

Established by law

Procedure— .................................... 301

Euthanasia–General background ..............

Subject Index 737

Active Euthanasia............................421

Passive Euthanasia.—Effect............424

Procedure to be followed by

the High Court.........................425

Evicted

Freed bonded labourer not to

be—from homestead, etc.................417

Evidence Act

Burden of Proof to be on

Police for non-torture–per

Law Commission’s Report

on–– ................................................337

Evidence

No locus standi to interfere

with the—........................................203

Evolution

of New Law Role in the

process of social

transformation .................................431

Exceptions

Misuse of land-gifted to

government––the stadium to be used for sports activities

only with certain—..........................234

Explanation............................................102

Exploitation

Non-awareness from .......................443

Expunging Of Allegations

––This petition to settle

personal scores ................................659

Extent of

Air Pollution .................................547

Extinguished debt

Creditor not to accept payment

against–– .........................................417

F

Factories

responsible for slavery ....................326

Factory

Annihilation of inhabitants by––Effect prayer is made

before Court ....................................527

False statement

made before the Court.—

Effect..................................................451

Family

ignored medical advice ................... 429

Fees

Levy of............................................ 251

Final Order............................................ 626

Fire

Tragic incident of patients

death due to––................................. 225

Fiscal Statute ........................................... 79

Fodder

Cutting of ........................................ 625

Forum

Public interest litigation .................... 66

Fraud

Allegations of infrastructure–

referred to apt govt.

machinery like Lokayukta............... 460

Free access

of public to public

amenities—Electricity, roads,

pavements, water, transport. ........... 645

Free legal aid ......................................... 299

Freed bonded labourer

not to be evicted from

homestead, etc................................. 417

Frivolous PIL by

Member of the Bar .......................... 642

Functioning of

Vigilance Committees..................... 418

Functions of Board—Effect and

purpose of the Act

Central Board.................................. 548

State Board...................................... 549

Fundamental Freedoms

Violation of—and Human

Rights—Writ for

compensation .................................. 326

Fundamental right

Apprehension of violation of–

– ...................................................... 253

Formatted


Constitution of India and

Public Interest Litigation—.............269

Enforcement of................................253

Grant of Compensation for

violation of—..................................348

No violation of— ..............................262

of detenu..........................................343

Petition alleging

environmental pollution—

Whether every citizen has ...............564

—Role of Media..............................467

—Running of Educational

Institutional .....................................504

Furnishing of information

to State Board and other

agencies in certain cases..................550

G

Gateway of IndiaDemolition of the existing old toilet block near—in Mumbai.......................496

Genuine PIL

Courts duty to judge whether–– ......................................................659

Gold reserves

CAG—Direction for estimation of profit and

loss.— .............................................457

Good faith

Protection of action taken in—........408

Government Officials

Contempt proceedings against.........450

Govt. property alienated

—PIL Maintainability .....................460

Grant of

—Compensation for violation

of Fundamental Right......................348

exclusive privileges to liquor

vendors by State—PIL against—cannot be

maintained by Public Trust .............460

Lease of reserved Forest—..............572

Stage Carriage Permit—..................480

Ground of

environmental and health

hazard and nuisance ........................550

Group of persons

have no locus standi to file

Public Interest Litigation................. 189

Guest Houses, Commercial

Establishments & Hotels

Haphazard Construction of—

Relief Not Granted.......................... 485

Guidelines for

entertaining a Public Interest

Litigation......................................... 102

for PIL—Interpretation of

Statute ............................................... 82

H

Harmful Gas

—Issuance of .................................. 572

Harmonious construction ....................... 79

Hawala Transactions ............................ 657

Hazardous and inherently

dangerous activities

Duty of the Government to prevent—causing health hazards

and creating pollution ....................... 541

High Court

Suo motu action by— ..................... 211

High Court direction for

recovery of loan on NewsPaper

publication

Elements of public interest? ....... 212

Public interest involved in

intervening in such a

commercial transaction ? ................ 212

Previous record can be

examined by Court........................ 212

Mala fides allegation....................... 213

High Court Judge

Land allotment to—quashed

by Apex Court................................. 224

High Security Registration Plates (HSRP)................................ 459

Historic park

being converted into Stadium

and Marriage Pandals...................... 621

Construction on............................... 497

Subject Index 739

History of

Human Rights .................................292

Honour Killing

Father killed his daughter ................445

Inter caste marriage .........................276

Hospital, post office & sulabh

sauchalaya

Land for—.......................................443

Human Right(s) .....................................470

Basic ...............................................297

History of ........................................292

—Meaning of ................................. 295

of neglected and exploited

segments of the society ...................312

of victims of crime ..........................300

Scope of—and Article 21 of the Constitution ...............................327

Violation of Fundamental

Freedoms and—Writ for

compensation ..................................326

I

Illegal activities

concerning narcotic and

psychotropic substances—

complained ......................................677

Illegal detention

—claim of compensation ................279

Failure to show––not entitled for

compensation ..................................342

Illegality and irregularities

committed in selection ....................509

Illustrations

to a section ........................................81

Impleadment

of Parties .........................................569

Imposition of

Cut of remission— ..........................395

Inability to express right to live

or die

Patients............................................426

Incorporation and adaptation of

existing Laws

Legislation by—..............................82

Individual

Liberty of ....................................... 276

Industries

Air Pollution in Residential

Area.—Existence and survival

of falling—within the

mischief of the regulatory Statute ............................................. 526

Industry

AIR Pollutant in–– .......................... 525

Compensation by ............................ 530

Injunction

Child marriages in

contravention of—orders to be

void ................................................. 407

pending inquiry ............................... 626

Power of court to issue—prohibiting child marriages ............. 406

Inquiry ................................................... 221

Intention of

Legislature ........................................ 81

Inter-caste marriages............................ 276

Interim order Proceedings ................... 234

International scenario............................. 69

International treaties

to be in conformity to

Constitutional provisions ................ 666

Interpretation of Statute

Guidelines for PIL............................. 82

Interpretation

Question of law relating to—

of Article of Constitution and

provisions of the Cantonment

Act .................................................... 92

Interrogation

—Method of.................................... 344

Investigation

CBI—is no ground for

converting a case into PIL................. 68

Issuance of

Harmful Gas—................................ 572


J

Jail

Deficiency in Communication.—While in—, communication .............471

Detention in—to labourer for

no reason, liable for

compensation ..................................339

Re-construction ...............................371

Judgment

Construction of..................................77

Judicial activism

P.I.L. and—.....................................202

Judicial Administration

and Our Rights ..................................16

Judicial Complex

Construction of New–– ...................640

Judicial function

True purpose of––and locus

standi...............................................202

Judicial review.......................................285

of administrative decisions.––

Writ Jurisdiction—Locus

standi...............................................462

Policy Decision of the

Govt.—............................................460

Judiciary

Judicious approach of the ................335

Jurisdiction

of Court ...........................................275

of High Court to Constitute Special Bench for Pollution

matter ..............................................563

of the Supreme Court—

Representation converted to PIL– ................................................231

Right to invoke the—of the

Court ...............................................245

Supervisory .....................................225

Whether the—of a Court is

ousted or not ? .................................209

Writ .................................................463

Juvenile Offences...................................391

L

Land

Acquisition of––by Railways .......... 598

Allotment of––carrying tag of

cast or religion––allotment to

be per doctrine of equality .............. 465

Allotment of––for the purpose

of school.......................................... 503

Disposal of the––by bulk sale ......... 662

for hospital, post office & sulabh sauchalaya ........................... 443


direction for making available

the—for the facility of Courts and advocates.................................. 641

Land allotment

to High Court Judge quashed

by Apex Court................................. 224

Land owners

Rehabilitation and

resettlement of................................. 442

Lapse

of 100 crores rupees in

Bihar—For plan allocation,

Primary and Secondary

School ................................................502

Law Commission’s

Burden of Proof to be on

Police for non-torture–per––

Report on Evidence Act .................. 337

Law teachers

Allegations of the full time–

against the petitioners are

based on surmises and

conjecture........................................ 199

Lease

of reserved Forest—Grant of .......... 572

Legal aid

Free ................................................. 299

Legal documents

—Construction of ............................. 82

Legal support

to the poor and disadvantaged

sections of the community .............. 249

Subject Index 741

Legality

of auction of mines of sand .............517

Legislation

by incorporation and adaptation of existing Laws.............82

Legislature

Intention of........................................81

Legitimacy

of children born of child

marriages.........................................405

Legitimate Expectations .........................68

Letter writing

by prisoner banned ..........................366

Levy of

Fees .................................................251

Water cess—Validity of ..................620

Liability

to repay bonded debt to stand

extinguished ....................................416

Liberal Approach ..................................173

Liberal construction

of statute............................................82

Liberal View ..........................................552

Liberty

Involvement of liberty.....................300

of Citizen person— .........................298

of Individual ...................................276

Protection of life and liberty............302

Protection of life and personal

liberty ..................................302

Restraints on personal liberty ..........306

Limitations

on PIL ...................................................67

Limitations.............................................211

Liquor

vending location to be away

from residential areas, government buildings, schools

temples and several other

institutions.......................................652

Liquor vendors

Grant of exclusive privileges

to—by State—PIL against—cannot be maintained by

Public Trust..................................... 460

Literal interpretation

Rule of— .......................................... 91

Litigation

against name of movie/film............. 665

—Meaning of................................... 56

Loans

PIL against increase in non-recovered—by Bank ....................... 460

Locus standi

Concept of......................................... 94

for the interest of people ................. 203

Group of persons have no—to

file Public Interest Litigation .......... 189

is matter of substantial Public

Interest ............................................ 171

Judicial review of

administrative decisions.––Writ Jurisdiction—.......................... 462

No—for personal gain..................... 158

No—to interfere with the

evidence .......................................... 203

Petition by Bar Association.—

Challenging establishment of

Court of Joint District Judge

and Additional Sessions Judge— ........................................... 635

Principle of—What

presuppose?— ...................................127

Rule of ............................................ 201

Rule of—relaxed for

downtrodden ................................... 438

State’s ............................................. 720

Strict Rule of................................... 129

True purpose of judicial

function and–– ................................ 202

Lokayukta

Allegations of infrastructure

fraud–referred to apt govt.

machinery like—............................. 460

Lunatic Asylum

Prisoners Detained in— .................. 370


M

Magistrate

may prohibit repetition or continuance of public nuisance.........626

Maintainability

Govt. property alienated—

PIL—...............................................460

PIL ....................................................64

Supervisory Jurisdiction––of

writ petition .....................................230

Maintainability of

Appeal – ..........................................456

Petition by Journalists— ................... 174

Writ petition under “PIL”

seeking direction to restrain

the Container Corporation of

India Limited— ..............................463

Maintenance

Custody and—of children of

child marriage....................................404

Mandatory or directory provisions .........................................82

Marginal notes.........................................83

Marriage(s)

Custody and maintenance of

children of child— ............................404

Legitimacy of children born of child—.............................................405

of a minor child to be void in

certain circumstances ......................405

Power of court to issue

injunction prohibiting child—........406

Punishment for promoting or

permitting solemnization of

child—.............................................405

Meaning of

Beggar .............................................295

Environment....................................517

Environmental Pollutant.....................517

Environmental Pollution ....................517

Handcuffing ....................................365

Hazardous substance.........................517

Human rights—.............................. 295

Life ........................................ 297, 365

Litigation— ...................................... 56

Natural & Ordinary—Words ........... 85

Prison .................................................365

procedure ........................................ 297

provision ........................................... 85

Reparation....................................... 366

Media

Fundamental Right—Role

of—................................................. 467

Medical

Absence of or other Evidence–

only self statement available–

effect ? ............................................ 288

Advice, Family ignored................... 429

Member of the Bar

Frivolous PIL by ............................. 642

Mines of sand

Legality of auction of—.................. 517

Minor child

Marriage of a to be void in

certain circumstances ...................... 405

Minority opinion ..................................... 85

Misuse

of Public money by a subdued

bureaucracy..................................... 200

Modify orders

Power of district court to—

issued under Sec. 4 or 5 .................. 405

Mosque

Construction Of............................... 494

Movie/film

Litigation against name of............... 665

Multiple Petitions.................................... 64

Municipal School

Construction for .............................. 507

N

Narcotic & psychotropic

substances

Illegal activities concerning—

complained...................................... 677

Subject Index 743

National Highway

Direction sought on State

Govt.—policy formulation on

setting up retail outlets

along—............................................459

National Human Rights

Commission

—Recommendation of ....................300

Nature destruction crimes

and its effect ....................................552

Nature of

allegations Protect the society

farm the so-called protectors ...........552

Nature of allegations

Protect the society farm the

so-called protectors .........................552

Negligence

Governments—towards education (Bihar case).....................500

Right to life—by Government.........568

Newspaper information

PIL–Can be entertained on basis

of—.......................................................67

Noise


unwilling persons to

dangerous and disastrous—

violative of Article 21 .....................530

Effects of—on sleep and rest.

Lack of Concentration.....................543

Noise pollution .......................................629

non political campaign

Campaign for awareness of

the Govt. schemes–held,..................464

Non-advocate

whether habitually represent

and conduct litigation......................273

Non-bailable

Offences to be cognizable

and—...............................................407

Non-obstante clause ................................86

Non-official visitors of jail

—Appointment of ...........................542

Non-recovered—loans

PIL against increase in—by

Bank................................................ 328

Non-utilisation of grants

by the Government of Bihar,

allocated by the Government of India............................................ 334

Nuisance

Ground of environmental and health hazard and— ........................ 604

Order for the removal of— ............. 685

O

Obey or show cause

Person to whom order is

addressed to .................................... 686

Object and Reasons

Statement of—.................................. 90

Object of

Public Interest Litigation........... 22, 407

Obscenity

Right to Protection of minors

from—published in

newspapers...................................... 471

Offences

to be cognizable and non-

bailable............................................ 407

Onus of Proof

Precautionary principle— ............... 552

Origin and development

Public interest litigation—

Charted out—Preservation of

purity and sanctity—

Directions for, issued ........................ 16

Origin and meaning

Public Interest Litigation......................... 3

P

P.I.L. as a weapon ................................. 202

Panchayat Election

Local Self Government is an integral part of Parliamentary

democracy....................................... 474

Parliamentary democracy


Panchayat Election Local Self

Government is an integral part of— .................................................474

Parole

Refusal from release on...................399

Patients

Tragic incident of––death due to Fire ..............................................225

Penal statutes ...........................................86

Pendency

of civil suit ......................................663

Pending inquiry

Injunction ........................................626

Person to whom order is

addressed

to obey or show cause .....................628

Personal interest

If a person having no—but

brings into Court’s notice that the public interest is affected

by action of the State or its authorities........................................290

Personal right

Benefit of––...................................271

Personal scores

Expunging Of Allegations––This petition to settle–– ...................659

Petition

for miserable people of Kalahandi ........................................440

on Public spirited Association .........437

Petition by

Consumers Association ...................182

third party........................................174

Petition by Journalists

—Maintainability of........................... 174

Plastic and its effect

Consumerism of ..............................531

Police

Arrest—Legal duty of— .................334

Burden of Proof to be on––for

non-torture–per Law Commission’s Report on

Evidence Act................................... 337

Encounter by—not illegal ............... 340

Police Officers

Custodial violence and abuse

of 335

Policy Decision of the Govt.

—Judicial Review........................... 460

Political party

Arrest of volunteers of–– ............... 313

Political rallies

in schools ........................................ 501

Poll Violence........................................475

Polluter pays principle...................................518

Pollution

—A curse to mankind ..................... 553

Air and water –– ............................. 566

Air and Water––by Trade or Industry ........................................... 525

Air—in Residential Area.—

Existence and survival of

industries falling within the

mischief of the regulatory

Statute ............................................. 526

Damages caused by—be recovered from who pollutes........... 535

Death in illness of thousand

persons and—crime. A Casual media without proper response ....... 535

Degradation due to.......................... 536

Duty of the Government to

prevent hazardous and

inherently dangerous activities

causing health hazards and creating— ........................................ 541

Enforcement of laws made for prevention of—............................... 620

free water and air—Right to get ................................................... 620

Jurisdiction of High Court to

Constitute Special Bench for—matter ..................................... 563

Subject Index 745

Salient principle of sustainable development—pays.........................553

Poor and disadvantaged sections

Legal support to the of the community— ..................................249

Poor and ignorant of law forum

Public interest litigation on behalf of— ......................................434

Post election

Allegation of corrupt

practices–Coalition Politics

on— ................................................473

Power of

court to issue injunction prohibiting child marriages .............406

district court to modify orders issued under Sec. 4 or 5...................405

Power of High Court

Contempt.........................................456

Power of Magistrate

to direct local investigation

and examination of an expert...................................628

to furnish written instructions, etc. .......................................628

Preamble ..................................................88

Precautionary principle

Onus of Proof ..................................552

Presumption

as to constitutionality ........................88

Prevention and control of

pollution

Check on polluted atmosphere ........529

Previous legislation .................................88

Principle of locus standi

—What presuppose?—.....................127

Prison

Double-ceiling in.............................370

Prisoner

Letter writing by—banned ..............366

Prisoner’s right......................................377

Prisoners

Detained In Lunatic Asylum ........... 370

Right to life of................................. 391

Rules for treatment of— ................. 373

Private interest case

can also be treated as public interest case..................................... 102

Pro bona publico

P.I.L. and—..................................... 203

Procedural Law....................................... 88

—Applicability of ........................... 618

Procedure

established by law........................... 301

on order being made absolute

and consequences of disobedience ................................. 628

where existence of public rights is denied .............................. 628

where he appears to show cause ............................................. 629

Prohibit

Magistrate may—repetition or

continuance of public nuisance .......................................... 626

Prohibition

against slaughtering of cows ............. 89

and Regulation of Child Labour...... 414

Property of

bonded labourer to be freed from mortgage, etc. ......................... 417

Prostitution

Child—Rescuing of..............................313

Protected monuments––

Humayun’s Tomb

Construction near–– ........................ 497

Protection in respect of

conviction for offences ................... 301

Protection of action

taken in good faith .......................... 408

Protection of Democratic Rights


Committee for .................................289

Provision

Meaning of—....................................85

Provisions for maintenance

and residence to female

contracting party to child marriage ..........................................404

Public Accountability............................170

Public authority

Dereliction of duty by—..................200

Public money

Misused of––by a subdued bureaucracy .....................................200

Public nuisance

Magistrate may prohibit repetition or continuance of—.........626

No length of user or obstruction can legalise— ...............626

Public participation

Environmental conservation—

Sustainable development can

be achieved only by an


with the active — ............................543

Public passage

Removal of obstruction to ...............629

Public Property sold at throw

away prices


inviting tenders––............................497

Public right

Denial of ............................................... 625

Public servants

Child Marriage Prohibition

Officers to be—...............................408

Public spirited Association

Petition on .......................................437

Public Trust

Grant of exclusive privileges

to liquor vendors by State—

PIL against—cannot be

maintained by—..............................460

Punishment

for male adult marrying a

child ................................................ 405

for promoting or permitting

solemnization of child

marriages......................................... 405

Whether deterrence is the

main objective for— ....................... 398

Punitive measures

Ubi jus ibi remedium....................... 346

Purpose of

imposition of Sentence.................... 399

detention ......................................... 399

Purposive interpretation ........................ 89

Q

Quashed

Land allotment to High Court

Judge—by Apex Court ................... 224

Quo warranto ........................................ 510

R

Ragging

Education—Prevention of............... 505

Railway(s)

Acquisition of land by..................... 598

to run trains on a particular

route—Exercise of Writ jurisdiction— .................................. 463

Railway’s Facilities ............................... 479


direction for making available

the land for the facility of

Courts and advocates ...................... 641

Registration of traders

Cancellation of ..................................250

Rehabilitation and resettlement

of land owners................................. 442

Relief

for breach of Article 21 of the

Constitution..................................... 306

Haphazard Construction of

Guest Houses, Commercial

Subject Index 747

Establishments & Hotels.—

Not Granted.....................................485

Removal

of obstruction to public

passage ............................................629

of the Chief Minister—

Violation of constitutional

mandate of Part I X-A of the

Constitution—Order or direction for—and his other

Ministers .........................................210

Remuneration

of prisoners......................................372

Wage rates for prisoners..................397

Repeal

by subsequent enactment...................90

Representation converted to PIL

–Jurisdiction of the Supreme

Court ...............................................231

Representative action..............................66

Repugnancy

between Central and State

amendment ........................................90

Res—Judicata.

Applicability of P.I.L. .................675

Reservation ............................................441

Reserved Forest

Lease of—Grant of..........................572

Residence

Provisions for maintenance

and—to female contracting party to child marriage ....................404

Responsive Law Court

—must take cognizance of the

fact and act accordingly...................552

Retrospectivity.........................................90

Right of life and liberty

Deprivation of—Article 21 of

Constitution.....................................256

Right of people to live in healthy

atmosphere

Ban on limestone quarries is

a––...................................................529

Right of prisoners

—Delay in trials.............................. 392

Right to be heard or show cause

Whether the students and their

parents had any—before

closing of the school, so, what is the effect of its violation? ............ 502

Right to

Get pollution free water and air .................................................... 620

invoke the Jurisdiction of the

Court ............................................... 245

life of prisoners ............................... 311

life of Prisoners ............................... 311

Life.................................................. 306

life—Negligence by

Government .................................... 568

livelihood ........................................ 319

move freely throughout the territory of India.............................. 319

personal liberty ............................... 318

privacy and Article 21..................... 327

Protection of minors from

obscenity published in

newspapers...................................... 471

Right to work .................................. 324

Shelter ............................................. 320

Speedy criminal trial ....................... 320

Rigour of Order

—Ban old Vehicle........................... 553

Role of lawyers ...................................... 635

Rule of

literal interpretation........................... 91

Locus Standi relaxed for

downtrodden ................................... 438

locus standi ..................................... 201

Rules for

treatment of prisoners ..................... 373

S

Safeguarding

the interest of small depositors........ 251

Safeguards from unjustified

litigation


Penalty.............................................224

Pro Bono Publico ............................224

Salient principle

of sustainable development—Pollution pays principle are

essential feature of sustainable

development ....................................553

Scheduled Castes

Special treatment to.........................324

School(s)

Allotment of land for the purpose of........................................503

Lapse of 100 crores rupees in

Bihar—For plan allocation,

Primary and Secondary—.................502

Liquor vending location to be

away from residential areas,

government buildings,—

temples and several other

institutions.......................................652

Political rallies in.............................501

Scope and nature

of Public Interest Litigation...............21

Scope and object

of theory ..........................................127

Public Interest Litigation—.............433

Scope of

Human Right and Article 21 of the Constitution...........................327

PIL ..................................................447

powers of Supreme Court................223

Senior Advocates Rules

Validity of Amendment of

Designation of, 1999—Writ

petition challenged ..........................197

Serious Scandal in Functioning of some Subordinate Courts .............216

Amicus curiae in support of maintainability of writ petition........217

FIR 221

Inquiry 221

Judicial Evaluation. 219

Power of High Court .......................216

Service matters

PIL is not to be entertained

in—................................................. 200

Slaughtering of cows

Prohibition against— ........................ 89

Slavery

Factories responsible for ................. 326

Small depositors

Safeguarding the interest of— ........ 251

Smoking

Ban on––in public places ................ 621

Social Interest........................................ 441

Social transformation

Evolution of New Law Role in

the process of— .............................. 431

Source of possession unexplained

Documentary proof— ..................... 510

Special Bench

Jurisdiction of High Court to

Constitute—for Pollution

matter .............................................. 563

Special enactment ................................... 92

Special treatment

to Scheduled Castes ........................ 324

Speedy trial

Delay in—caused mental

anguish liable for

compensation .................................. 360

Overcrowding of prisons &

inadequate human resources—

denial of— ...................................... 369

Stadium and Marriage Pandals

Construction of––on historic

park ................................................. 621

Historic park being converted

into .................................................. 621

Stadium

Misuse of land-gifted to

government––the—to be used

for sports activities only with

certain exceptions ........................... 234

Stage Carriage Permit

—Grant of....................................... 480

Statement of

Object and Reasons........................... 77

Subject Index 749

Statute

Air Pollution in Residential

Area.—Existence and survival

of industries falling within the

mischief of the regulatory—............526

Conflict between two similar...............75

Determination of objects of...............74

Fiscal .................................................79

Liberal construction of ......................82

Order passed by the Court

contrary to mandatory

provision of— .................................209

Redundant words in...........................90

Substantive and procedural ...............92

Statutory rules .........................................92

Stone crusher .........................................626

Substantive and procedural

statutes...............................................92

Substitution of the government

machinery by setting up a

committee or commission like

a superimposed authority by

the court ..........................................461

Suo motu

action by High Court .......................211

Supervisory Jurisdiction.......................225

––Maintainability—of writ

petition ............................................230

Supreme Court

Scope of powers of—......................223

Sustainable development

Environmental conservation—

can be achieved only by an


with the active public

participation ....................................543

Salient principle of—Pollution

pays principle are essential feature of sustainable

development ....................................553

T

Taj Heritage Corridor Project .............621

TATA Nano car project

Allotment of land for––in

Gujarat–PIL rejected ....................... 459

Tea Factory Nuisance ........................... 623

Telephone exchange

Corrupt Practices In–– .................... 468

Temples

Liquor vending location to be

away from residential areas,

government buildings,

schools—and several other

institutions....................................... 652

Tenability

Public Interest Litigation—............. 511

Tenders


inviting––Public Property sold

at throw away prices ....................... 497

Third party

Petition by—................................... 174

Toilet

Demolition of the existing old—block near ‘Gateway of

India’ in Mumbai ............................ 496

Torture................................................... 346

Trade or Industry

Air and Water pollution by ............. 525

Tragic incident

of patients death due to Fire ............ 225

Transfer

of PIL can be maintained by a

person or group having no personal interest for the

benefit of under-privileged ............443

U

Ubi jus ibi remedium

Enlargement of—............................ 202

Punitive measures: .......................... 346

Under-privileged and helpless

Transfer—PIL can be

maintained by a person or group of persons who have no

personal interest ............................443


V

Validity of Amendment

of Designation of Senior Advocates Rules, 1999—Writ

petition challenged .........................197

Validity of

law or rule .........................................92

Levy of Water cess..........................620

Vehicular pollution

Environment—in Delhi ...................621

Victim

Participation of—in the

criminal justice process ...................301

Victims of crime

Human rights of ..............................300

Vigilance Committees ...........................418

Functions of.....................................419

Violation

Fundamental Freedoms and

Human Rights—Writ for

compensation ..................................326

fundamental right—

Apprehension of ..............................253

No—of fundamental right ...............262

of order or direction for

removal of the Chief Minister and his other Ministers ....................299

Violative of Article 21


unwilling persons to

dangerous and disastrous

noise ................................................530

W

Water cess

Levy of—Validity of.......................620

Water connection

Discrimination alleged in––

relief not granted .............................661

Weaker section of Society

—Deprived of Justice......................439

Welfare of

children ........................................... 413

Women

Cruelty and Dowry Death ....................... 410

Guidelines to prevent sexual harassment of working

women ............................................ 410

Public Interest Litigation and

Women—Outraging modesty of women ........................................ 412


Women—Section 509 of

I.P.C. and women............................ 410


Women—Unnatural offence .......... 410

Rehabilitation of Prostitute .................... 412

Treacherous act against women—

Remedy ........................................... 402

Writ

Demanding certain—procedures to be followed .............. 181

for investigation––direction

to approach relevant High

Court and initiation of investigation is for executive

& investigative agencies to

probe ............................................... 674

Judicial review of

administrative decisions.––

Jurisdiction—Locus standi............. 462

Jurisdiction...................................... 463

Personally persons have no locus standi to file a—petition

affected ........................................... 195

petition under “PIL” seeking

direction to restrain the CCIL—Maintainability of............... 463

Rule of mandamus is being

sought as a direction that these

authorities be directed to continue the registration of

land ................................................. 674

Scope of writ of mandamus ...........666

Supervisory Jurisdiction––Maintainability—of—petition ....... 230

Unauthorized blockage of

canal alleged ................................... 674

Subject Index 751

Validity of Amendment of

Designation of Senior Advocates Rules, 1999—

petition challenged .........................197

Violation of Fundamental

Freedoms and Human

Rights—for compensation...............326

Where the Court should

entertain—petition in the nature of PIL—No public

interest involved ............................. 195

Writ jurisdiction

Railway to run trains on a

particular route—Exercise

of—................................................. 463

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