Urban DesignIn Context With

CITY PLANNING

• Nupur B. Bhadra (AR1004)• Remya R. Kumar (AR1028)

INDEX•  AIM• OBJECTIVE • SCOPE• LIMITATIONS• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN URBAN PLANNING AND URBAN DESIGN • DELHI CITY PLANNING• ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN• URBANISM IN NEW DELHI• CONCLUSION

• Aim:To study the concept of Urban

Design elements in the City Planning of Delhi.

• Objectives: a. To understand Urban Design and

Urban Planning in a better way.b. To study the evolution of The City

Planning of Delhi.c. To study the Urban Design pattern in

Delhi.

• Scope:– The study will help us to understand the

importance of Urban Design in any part of the inner city to the suburbs and outer metropolitan fringe. .

– It will encourage us to incorporate the principles and elements of Urban Design in any project developed in an urban space.

• Limitations:– Study and analysis of the City Planning shall be

limited to theoretical study only.– Study is limited and hence all the elements of

Urban Design are not elaborated vastly.

Understanding the roles and differences of

Urban Planning &

Urban Design

Urban PlanningThe Design & Organisation Of Urban Space & Infrastructure

What’s UP? Taking a Look at Urban Planning

• Layout of neighbourhoods, cities and regions

• Fulfilling needs of community & economy

Balancing the built & natural environment

WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN?• Art of Making Places for People• Human Interaction with the environment• Involves places such as Squares, Piazza,

Streets, Pedestrian Precinct

DELHI CITY PLANNING

DELHI CITY PLANNING

Lutyen  had  initially  designed  Delhi with all the streets crossing at right angles, much like in new york.However,  keeping  in  mind  that  the dust  storms  will  sweep  the landscape,  he  provided roundabouts,  hedges  and  trees  to break  their  force.  Referring  to  the plans  of  Rome,  Paris  and Washington  and  later  on implemented it to Delhi.

The initial design of New Delhi

The layout of Lutyen’s Delhi was governed by three major visual corridors, linking the government complex with :

• Jama Masjid

• Indraprastha

• Safdarjung’s Tomb

Intentions of the Layout:

Features1. The plan reflects Lutyens’ “ geometric symmetry,” which is expressed through amazing sequences of triangles and hexagons, through sightlines and axes.2. Lutyens’ plan is also

remarkable for the generous green spaces, lawns, watercourses, flower and fruit-bearing trees, and their integration with the parks developed around monuments.

3. The attempt was to include all natural and historical wonders in the new city.

drawbacks In this whole process no attention was paid to the problems of Old Delhi. 

Due to the creation of New Delhi, the old city experienced a 28% surge in population from 1916-1926 resulting in the population explosion from inside the walled city to the Paharganj area.

The restructuring was later abandoned by Lutyens due to resource constraints.

Also, no provision of housing was permitted for the large no. of skilled and unskilled workers which immigrated for the construction work of New Delhi.

This negligence of the planners towards Old Delhi resulted in its transformation to a large slum area.

Lutyens’ Delhi - ZoningGOVERNMENT COMPLX

BUNGLOW ZONE

COMMERCIAL DISTRICT

Urban

Design

ELEMENTS OFURBAN DESIGN

1. Buildings 2. Public space 3. Streets4. Transport5. Landscape

URBANISM IN NEW DELHINew Delhi has a long history of urbanism and during different periods. In the planning of New Delhi in 1916, the Central Vista was conceived as a landscaped stretch to form continuity between the ridge and the river Yamuna. The stretch with the Rashtrapati Bhawan and the India Gate at two ends has tremendous visual quality and is one of the finest examples of Urban Design and monumentality. 

From here on, we will concentrate on the Urban Design in Connaught Place.

CONNAUGHT PLACE (c.P.)

`

•LOCATED AT CENTER OF THE CITY, NEAR KAROL BAGH.

•The Inner Circle of Connaught Place is Rajiv Chowk while the Outer Circle became Indira Chowk

LOCATION OF CP

CURRENT LAND USE PATTERN OF C.P.

BUILDINGS

Buildings are the most pronounced elements of urban design - they shape and articulate space by forming the street walls of the city. 

TALL BUILDINGS: Building articulation refers to the many street frontage design elements, both horizontal and vertical, that help create a streetscape of interest. The appropriate scale for articulation is often a function of the size of the building and the adjacent public spaces including sidewalks, planting zones and roadways.

It is a three dimensional modeling of a building and its surfaces, giving emphasisto architectural elements (windows, balconies, porches,entries, etc.).

TALL BUILDINGS - DELHI

4.

ROUGH SKETCH OF C.P & ITS

PERIPHERY HIGHLIGHTING

THE AREAS WITH TALL BUILDINGS

TALL BUILDINGS - DELHI

These new buildings have radically transformed the skyline of C.P.  giving it a new monumental character.

C.P. has seen the emergence of scores of new & tall buildings on the periphery i.e. K.G. Marg  & Barakhamba Road precisely.

1.

2.

The eye catching factors in these buildings are the elegant-articulated front facades.

3.

4. Some prominent tall buildings of C.P. are – Statesman House, Gopal Das Bhawan, Hindustan Times House etc.

TALL BUILDINGS - DELHI

Public spaces

The place where people come together to enjoy the city and each other. These spaces make high quality life in the city- they form the stage and backdrop to the drama of life. 

PARKS

MARKET AREAS

Public spaces range from grand central plazas and squares, to small, local neighborhood parks.

SHOPPING AREAS

LAWNS

PUBLIC SPACES - DELHI

Main markets in and around Connaught place are Janpath and Palika Bazar.

Connaught place comprises of three circles; inner, outer and middle circles. The outer circle would give a wonderful spree of restaurants and cafes, includes renowned names like Braista Coffee Lounge, Ruby Tuesday, McDonalds, TGI Friday's, Nirulas etc.

Central Park is a landmark of CP. A large fountain was placed in the middle of the central park and several smaller ones were located on the inner circle to cool the place during the harsh Indian summers.

PUBLIC SPACES - DELHI

STREETSStreets are the connections between spaces and places, as well as being spaces themselves. They are defined by their physical dimension and character as well as the size, scale, and character of the buildings that line them.

Public spaces range from grand central plazas and squares, to small, local neighborhood parks.

LIGHTING

FENCING

SIGNAGE

Basic aspects foundin streets:

i. Lightingii. Signageiii. Fencing

Lighting – Street lights, lights on signboards etc for illuminating spaces.Signage – Signboards, hoardings, for directions, advertising purposes etc. Fencing – solid fences between two abutting properties or on sidewalks of roads etc. 

STREETS - DELHI

Connaught Place with its three concentric circles and seven radial roads initially designed with two-way directional roads. It was converted into one-way with 4-enteries and 3-exits. A number of parking lots were also generated to serve those through radial roads.

STREETS - DELHI

 Janpath. This is one of the most educationally and culturally important streets in all of Delhi.Its home to the Eastern and Western courts, the National Archives , IGNCA and the National Museum.

Starting with Barakhamba Road , which connects Connaught Place to the Mandi House circle, which is the cultural centre with many art galleries.

STREETS - DELHI

Kasturba Gandhi Marg which connects it to the India Gate Hexagon and the Rajpath. 

STREETS - DELHI

 Janpath. This is one of the most educationally and culturally important streets in all of Delhi.Its home to the Eastern and Western courts, the National Archives , IGNCA and the National Museum.

STREETS - DELHI

 Parliament Street. It has the Indian Parliament and Connaught Place. as its two terminal points. The leading monetary and financial institution of the country The Reserve Bank Of India also lies on the Sansad Marg.One would also find the medieval astronomical ‘observatory’ The Jantar Mantar here.

STREETS - DELHI

Baba Kharak Singh Marg and Panchkuian Road.Baba Kharak Singh Marg plays host to many state emporiums like Lepakshi,etc .Whereas the Panchkuian Road connects the old MARKET    of Paharganj to CP. 

STREETS - DELHI

TRANSPORT• Transport systems connect the 

parts of cities and help shape them, and enable movement throughout the city. 

• They include road, rail, bicycle, and pedestrian networks, and together form the total movement system of a city.  

The balance of the various transport systems is what helps define the quality and character of cities, and makes them either friendly or hostile to pedestrians.  

The best cities are the ones that elevate the experience of the pedestrian while minimizing the dominance of the private automobile.

TRANSPORTATION - DELHI

The city offers connectivity by means of private and public transportation systems (including the latest development- mass rapid transit system).

Road transport network is run by pvt. buses as well as DTC (Delhi Transport Corporation). The public generally prefers to travel via the Delhi Metro Rails to avoid the hectic traffic of the city.

TRANSPORTATION - DELHI

METROSTATION

LANDSCAPE• The landscape is the green part of the city that 

weaves throughout - in the form of urban parks, street trees, plants, flowers, and water in many forms. 

• The landscape helps define the character and beauty of a city and creates soft, contrasting spaces and elements.

LANDSCAPING - DELHI

Urban Design and Land scape Schemes are to be prepared to integrate MRTS stations, safe pedestrian walkways, parking areas, recreational and cultural areas, etc.In this image of C.P. the green marked areas are indicating the landscaped part of C.P. which is very less by Urban standards.The landscape of C.P constitutes of only 23% of land out of total land use pattern.

LANDSCAPING - DELHI

CENTRAL PARK

PALLIKA BAZAR

LANDSCAPING - DELHI

PALLIKA BAZAR- The underground market opens underneath the landscape area in Rajiv Chowk, C.P.

CONCLUSION

The 5 basic elements which give the outline of the presence of urban design in the area of Connaught Place (C.P.) are:  Buildings - The building articulation of the façade in Connaught Place adds on to the aesthetic value of the city. Therefore, it can’t be too far in being the world class city centre. Only few buildings show beautiful façade treatment and therefore there is no uniformity.  Public spaces - There are large numbers of both big and small markets available in the central part of Connaught Place. Many food courts, art gallery, etc. are also present where people can enjoy their time along with others as a whole community. But, due to excess of public spaces there is limited open space and therefore it is very congested. 

 Streets - The streets emerging out of the Connaught Place are at angles and therefore provide good linkage facility  Transportation - For transportation – Buses, metro rails, auto are available easily thus making it comfortable for people to travel from one place to another at low and reasonable rates. There is less availability of parking facilities and therefore it creates congestion on the roads. 

 Landscape - There is limited availability of open and landscape areas in the Connaught Place and it is concentrated only in one area 

  

bibliographyBooks:

• David Gordon (2006) Planning Twentieth Century Capital Cities, : Routledge.• Robert Byron (1997) New Delhi, New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.• Lucy Peck (n.d.) Delhi: a thousand years of building.

Websites:

• http://delhi-architecture.weebly.com/delhi-city-in-conflict.html. • http://sites.asiasociety.org/princesandpainters/design-of-delhi-edwin-lutyens/.• http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/1158/changing-image-of-lutyens-delhi.• http://archnet.org/library/places/oneplace.jsp?

place_id=2722&order_by=title&showdescription=1. • Cities and Urban Life – By John J. Macionis And Vincent N. Parrillo• Good City Form – Kelvin Lynch• www.urbanform.org• www.cityform.mit.edu• www.ocw.mit.edu › Courses › Architecture• www.urbanmodel.com• www.sf-planning.org• www.cidco.maharashtra.gov.in/NM_Developmentplan.aspx

Thank You