Final Jaipur Shashi

8/2/2019 Final Jaipur Shashi

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Jaipur is known as the Pink City, a rather idealized

description of the terra-cotta-colored lime plaster that coatsthe old part of the city's walls, buildings, and temples.

The reasons for painting the town pink are unknown, butvarious theories have been tossed about, from using pink tocut down glare, to Jai Singh II's apparent devotion to LordShiva (whose favorite color is reputedly terra cotta). Others

believe Singh wanted to imitate the color of the sandstoneused in the forts and palaces of his Mughal emperor-friends.The most popular reason (spread no doubt by "Britishers"during the Raj era) is that pink is the traditional color ofhospitality, and the city was freshly painted and paved withpink gravel to warmly welcome Edward VII for his visit herein 1876.

Why Pink?—



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• It is a model of town planning- the first planned city in India. It is based on Hindusystems of town planning and followed the principles prescribed in the Shilpa-shastra, an ancient Indian treatise on architecture .according to this shastra thesite should be divided into grids or mandalas rangung from 2x 2 to 10 x 10.

•planned according to the Prastara type of layout,which gives prominence to the cardinal directions.

Thus plan of jaipur is a grid of 3x3 with gridlines beingthe city’s main streets.

PLANNING OF THE CITY

• This was crossed by tworoads at right angles dividingthe town into nine almostsquare, almost equally sizedblocks, which were further

sub divided by lanes andalleys all at right angles.

SURAJ POLCHAND POL

Conceptual Prastara Plan

• The central axis of thetown was laid from East toWest between the gates of theSun(Suraj pol) and the

moon(Chandpol)



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• The palace building coveredtwo blocks, the town six and theremaining ninth block was not usableon account of steep hills. So thisNorth-West ward was transferred tothe South-East corner of the city,

making the shape of the plan as awhole asymmetrical rather thansquare.

• The city’s division into nine wardswas also in conformity with the Hinducaste system, which necessitated thesegregation of people belonging todifferent communities and ranks.

•Even the lanes were namedafter the occupations of inhabitants

such as Maniharon ka Rasta,Thatheron ka Rasta & many others.

• Following the directions of the HinduShilpa shastra, width of the mainstreets & other lanes were fixed. Thusthe main streets of the city were 111ft.

wide, secondary streets 55 ft. wide &the smaller ones 27ft. wide.




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The town has around it a masonry wall,25ft. high & 9ft. thick, with eight gates.The gates areChandpole Gate,Ghat Gate,Ajmeri Gate,Sanganeri Gate,Surajpole Gate,Gangapole Gate,

Zorawar Singh Gate, andNew Gate.

South of the main road were four almost equalrectangles. The rectangle opposite the palace hasbeen broken up into two equal and smallerrectangles by the Chaura Rasta.Thus altogetherthere are now five rectangles on the south of themain road called Chowkris.

On the North of the main road from West to East arethe Purani Basti, the Palace and Ramchandraji.

The principal bazaar leads from the western gate inthe city wall, The Chandpole, passing in front of theTripolia Gate, to the eastern city gate, the Surajpole.


JORAWAR

SINGH POL

CHAND POL

AJMERI

AGATESANGANERI

GATE GHAT

DARWAZA

SURAJ POL



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• To the NW of this lay the JaiNiwas. Given that its royalassociation meant that it had to bwithin the palace compound, thesite of the palace was established.

Indeed, given the wish to locatethe palace centrally, the positionof the brahmasthana was alsoestablished. A wall surrounds thepalace buildings.

• The serving class occupied theperipheral areas.

• Another constraint was theposition of the lake, which formeda part of the pleasure gardenaround which the city was built.This lake lay close to the hillside.In the original design it felloutside the main block of the city;but due to Jai Singh’s wish toinclude the old garden in the city,the lake was made the tank ofpalace garden.




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Road network

• Jaipur’s road network follows a definite hierarchy. The major east-west andnorth-south road ,form the sector boundaries and are called Rajmarg as theylead to the city gates. These measure 33m. wide.

• Next there is a network of 16.5m wide which runs north-south in each sectorlinking the internal areas of the sectors to the major activity spine.

• An orthogonalgrid of8.25mx4.00m

roads in theprastara-chessboardpattern furtherdivide sectors intoMohallas.

Rajmarg (33m wide)

16.5m wide roads

8.25 m wide roads


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PUBLIC SPACESPublic spaces can be divided into•Chaupars•Bazaars

•Mohallas•

Streets•Temples

•CHAUPAR – It’s a squarethat occurs at theintersection of east westroads with three northsouth roads. Each

chaupar is around 100mx 100m. Were used forpublic gathering onfestive occasions. Thedistance between twochaupars is about 700mwhich is ideal forpedestrian movement. It

has controlled façadetreatment enveloping it.

BAZAARS - Originally only four bazaars wereplanned for the city. These were later named

as Johri bazaar, Sireh Deori Bazaar, Kishanpole Bazaar & Gangori Bazaar

•On the main streets strict control wasexercised on the street façade, along whichwere located shops and arcades- one storeyhigh, but beyond the frontage the buildingscould be of any height or any shape, some

built with flat roofs & others with traditionalchattris.

Conceptual plan -chaupar

Section trough Ram Ganj Bazaar

TRADITIONALBAZAARS



•MOHALLAS – Old Jaipur is divided into sectors of size 800 x

800 suited for pedestrian movement. these sectors are thendivides into Mohallas containing 40 to 50 plots. Such small sizeof Mohallas make it a cohesive social and cultural sub group.

STREETS - The streets are

lined with shops which have anarcade in front. Space above theshops at first floor areresidential and have a

predominantly flat façade.Streets were flanked by broadfootpaths and were connectedwith the palace. The arcadeswere essential to provide shadefor pedestrians, as the streetsare broad, flanked by buildings

not so high.

TEMPLES – their location

and treatment receivedspecial attention.at all thegates in the front wall aswell as at the chaupars ,large temples were

located.the temples whichalready existed on the sitewhen the town was laidwere incorporated withinthe site.

Section through temple complex

View of city’s important temples



18th century Painted Map showing plan of Jaipur

Plan of JaipurEntrance Gateway



Palace Court with Administration Spaces

(Currently City Palace Museum )

Hawa Mahal, Womens Quarters

overlooking the wide avenues



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jaipur… Artistic representation of the Johri Bazaar in the nineteenth century



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URBAN FORM AND ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITYBazaars

Rajasthan – Jaipur – Indian Heritage Cities Network

• Original markets in the city include Kishanpole bazaar,Gangauri bazaar, Johari bazaar, Sireh Deorhi bazaar,along the main north-south and east-west axes thatintersect at Chhoti and Badi Chaupars.

• Typical architectural features of the bazaar streets are -use of chhajjas (sunshades) resulting in strong horizontallines, projecting vertical blocks on brackets, a modular system of arches filled with delicate latticed screens to cutdirect sun and glare of reflected sun in the street.

Bazaar streets have temples above shops with wide staircase starting from pavement to the temple level. Space above shops at first floor level originally functioned as galleries for watching royal processions, religious festivals and public celebrations

Uniform planned shop fronts on bazaar streets with upper floors in interesting juxtaposition

Defined street façade at a chaupar with sunshades and latticed colonnades at upper floors and shop fronts on the ground floor



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Chowkris

It is also known that the city’s main water tanks are located underneaththe Badi-Chaupar and the Chotti-Chaupar.



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MIRZA ISMAIL ROADA FAÇADE RESTORATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL

Stage I – Concept and Sketch Design

forJaipur Development Authority

Department of Urban Development and Housing, Rajasthan

by

JVF- DRONAH Heritage Studio



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Cross Section Details of M.I.RoadLength - 0 .6 KmROW- 19 -26 mFootpath- 2 -4 m

1 13 2 21

2 2 18 2 2



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RECOMMENDATIONS

Encroachments to be removed to provide proper pedestrian walkways.

It is recommended that parking facilities be provided at various identified locations at theends to accommodate visitors as well as shopkeepers.

MI Road - Proposal for Roads, pavement and traffic

2 3 15 4 2



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Thanks

Shashikant Nishant Sharma

Urban Planner and Consultant [email protected]

Final Jaipur Shashi

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