8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

1/23

1

Subject:

Business Communication and Report Writing

Topic:

Modern Technology in Business Communication

Submitted To:

Sir Ibrar Anwer

Submitted By:

Muhammad Ali

Contact:

ali_qureshi007@hotmail.com

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

2/23

2

BEAUTIFUL SAYING

We eat light; drink it in through our skins. With a little moreexposure to light, you feel part of things physically. I like

feeling the power of light and space physically because then you

order it materially, seeing is a very sensuous act theres a sweet

deliciousness to feeling yourself see something.

(BY JAMES TURREL LIMN)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

When we start writing, we stop for while and think what to

write? How to write? We have no words to express our feelings.

But we have to write to offer our humblebees sense to

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

3/23

3

ALL MIGHTY ALLAH

The most beneficial, gracious and merciful who enable us to

perceive higher ideas of life and helped us throughout our life

especially in writing this report and all blessing to His favorite

PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

Who is the greatest personality of this universe? After God we

owe our heartiest gratitude to our parents and our family whose

prayers encouraged us to complete our task.

We are also extremely thankful to all of our teachers for their

sympathetic treatment, reward less help, precious suggestions,

constant encouragement and personal interest and kind guideline

that enable to write our report. At the end we shall like to thank

all our teachers who always helped us in our studies when we

needed we are also thankful to Mr. Ibrar Anwer

DEDICATION

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

4/23

4

y To our loving parents.y To our honorable teachers.y To our lovely Pakistani people.y To all those who served and sacrifice for Islam and to thosestudents of our university (IIUI) who sacrifice for our

university and for the sake of knowledge.

y To all my class members.

DECLARATION

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

5/23

5

We hereby, declare that, neither as a whole nor a part

of this project report has been copied out from any

source. The information provided in this project

report is based on the data received from the web and

from personal resources. It is further declared that we

have completed this project report on the basis of our

personal efforts and under the sincere guidance and

supervision of our teacherMr. Ibrar Anwer

INTRODUCTIONIn the workplace of the future, you may send and receive dozens of messages,

interview a candidate for a position in your company through a videoconference,

write a report to your manager regarding a new initiative, and download several

company files for analysis, all from a PC in your home office or from your laptop if

you are not at home. The electronic revolution is changing the way we

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

6/23

6

communicate, and these changes include formats and conventions of written

communication.

In the more traditional forms of written communication, your receiver will form an

impression of you based on the overall appearance and format of the message. Your

cover letter enclosed with your resume when you apply for a job will communicate

something about you even before your receiver reads a word of it. This chapter is a

brief overview of both the traditional formats of written communication, such as

letters and memos, and the newer communication styles developing as a result ofthe exploding technology.

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY

Introduction

Todays business relies heavily on technology to improve the communication

process. Companies and employees who use technology wisely can communicatemore effectively and therefore compete more successfully.

Anyone who has used a computer knows that the benefits of technology are not

automatic. Poorly designed or inappropriate used technology can hinder

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

7/23

7

communication more than it helps. To communicate effectively, learn to keep

technology in perspective, use of technological tool productively, spend time and

money on technology wisely, and disengage from the computer frequently tocommunicate in person.

Technology changes the communication trend in the organization. As all of usknow that globalization as a business trend has been realized by international trade

agreements such as the European Union, the General Agreement on Tariffs and

Trade (GATT), and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This

has resulted in a worldwide market in which organizations must compete.

Outsourcingof secondary activities is another business trend. Organizations

concentrate on their core business and specialize in main activities to reduce costs.

This is a consequence of operating in a turbulent environment. Turbulence consists

of two components: instability and randomness. Instability refers to the frequencyof change. Randomness refers to the unpredictability of both the frequency and

direction of change the focus has shifted to the emergence of new ways of doing

business. Examples of this include the introduction of electronic trading markets,

electronic auctions, and electronic bookstores. ICT has developed from a minor

force supporting the organizational processes into a dominant force for shaping

these processes. So how these changing trends in the world affect the

communication process in our selected organization.

An appreciation and understanding of technology majors preferences for business

communication tasks and tools in the workplace will aid current business educatorsin obtaining a barometer of the perceptions that technology majors hold concerning

their future roles in business communications. Educators can use this information

to clear up many of the common misperceptions techies may have in relation to

these roles in the workplace. These facts or fallacies concerning business

communications will better prepare technology majors for business. Research has

revealed that people in the technology industry often feel that business

communications will not be a part of their daily responsibility. Successful teachers

know that students learn best when they view what they are learning as relevant.

Teachers can create Technology Majors Preference learning environments thatstimulate students' enthusiasm for learning if they can relate topics taught in school

to career or life goals of students. If technology students become aware of their

preferences for business communications and the importance in their future

careers, they may gain a greater appreciation of these tools for use in their future.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

8/23

8

Objectives

o Recognize and interpret the importance of communication, the basiccommunication process, and the impact technology has on communication.

o Explain how participation in career and technology education organizationscan promote lifelong responsibility for community service and professionaldevelopment

o Identify and describe new and emerging technological advances within oursociety including voice mail, pagers, cellular phones, fax, e-mail, Internet,

and telecommuting

What is Business Communication?

As the term suggests, businesscommunication includes all communication that

occurs in a business context. Knowledge of business communication presupposesan understanding of both business and communication. That's a lot of territory.

Although courses in business communication have their roots in the business

English and business correspondence courses common in the late nineteenth

and early twentieth centurys business communication has evolved over the years

into a broad discipline providing an overview of all communication that occurs in

organizational settings.

As a discipline, business communication draws on linguistics, semantics, rhetoric,

psychology, sociology, graphic design, management, marketing, economics, and

information technology. For this reason, different authors typically select specificaspects of communication in business on which to focus. The following related

areas of study have evolved over time:

Managerial Communication:The term, managerialcommunication, usually refers to an emphasis on

communication strategies for achieving specific short-term objectives.

Organizational Communication:Organizational communication usually refers to established communication

networks and the communication flow within organizations.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

9/23

9

Human Relations and Team Building:Over the past 30 years or so, business and industry have increasingly

recognized the importance of good interpersonal communication between and

among those who work together. Such skills are also important to the success of

customer relations programs and strategic alliances. By whatever name, courses on

these topics typically cover the fundamentals of understanding other people,

differences in perception, differences in motivation and other common behavioral

strategies, establishing rapport, developing mutual respect, and reaching

consensus.

Sales Communication:Sales communication includes all communication specifically designed to

produce sales, from media-based advertising, to telephone solicitation, to direct-

mail advertising.

Report Writing:As the term suggests, report writing focuses on written reports, typically

including everything from short, informational memos to letter reports (basically

long letters that include headings and other report-writing techniques), to complete

analytical reports. Books on this subject often include the fundamentals of primary

and secondary research, techniques for data analysis, and analytical and

presentation graphics.

Communication Technology and Electronic Communication:Whether word processing, page layout and graphic design, electronic mail

(email), electronic conferencing, Internet-based services, audio or video

conferencing, or multimedia presentations, the technology we use to communicate

information technology has changed radically over the past few years.

These changes, especially since the advent of the computer, have altered the way

we think about communication, and we have yet to see the end of these changes.

The ways in which information (computer) technologies and other communication

technologies, such as enhanced telephone services, are becoming increasingly

interdependent is typically referred to as digital convergence or technological

convergence.

Car phones, cell phones, and pagers help ensure that one cancommunicate from virtually anywhere to virtually anywhere else at any time, and

email has recently become the principal means of exchanging written

communication.

As the volume of communication increases, the chance of information

overload also increases, which reduces the impact of individual messages.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

10/23

10

International Communication:International communication, also referred to as intercultural

communication, focuses on the ways in which cultural differences influence

communication expectations and behavior, including the length of time it takes to

establish business and personal relationships, differences in the conception of time

itself, differences in nonverbal communication, and differences in perceptions as

they are influenced by language and culture.

Role of Technology in Business Communication

Modern business requires modern technology. Any business that expects to

thrive today must have at least a basic understanding of the various innovations,

programs and devices as well as the knowledge of how to apply these technologies.

The many tools and powers that technology makes available to the business owner

and employees can help the business succeed in its goals after understanding how

to use them properly.

CollaborationBefore anything else, work can be done collaborating projects and documents

using such computer programs such as Google Docs, Zoho Writer and, to a lesser

extent, MS Word, which allows several users to work on a single document while

placing changes/descriptions and even modifying the document in real-time.

While the ideal of a "paperless office" is still a few years away, businesses can use

the Internet or internal programs to spur real-time work on projects so businesses

can quickly finish what is needed to succeed.

TelephonySometimes, businesses need to make conference calls bringing several people

together and technology can help here too. Programs such as Skype or Gizmo

Project offer Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services that allow individuals

and businesses to call places all over the world for prices much cheaper than

regular landline services.

Microsoft pointed out that a Forrester study done in 2006 showed that 17 percent

of businesses made converting to VoIP a priority, with another 18 percent already

using VoIP to some degree. VoIP allows businesses to be in near-constant

communication with employees and others at a fraction of a cost.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

11/23

11

Online MediaSites such as YouTube see millions of hits a day, with online video and audio

becoming extremely prevalent on websites. Businesses can capitalize by making

their own media. Companies can create in-house advertisements for use on

websites, webinars on the use of products that can further communicate betweenbusinesses and their consumers, and provide education. These forms of media are

also available nearly 24 hours a day, so think of them as day-long commercials for

your business.

Social MediaWith the rise of social networks such as Face book, MySpace, Digg and others,

a form of crowd-based media known as social media has emerged. Businesses can

take advantage of social media as another aspect of business communication, by

performing such tasks as creating profiles on social networks, submitting onlinemedia to sites such as Dig, and using websites like Twitter to answer consumer

questions. Many businesses have already jumped on the social media bandwagon,

with some (Microsoft and Wal-Mart in particular) having experimented with their

own social networks.

AutomationYou can also automate certain tasks. Years ago, sending an email of a

document or backing up a computer required extensive time, thus reducing

productivity. Backups can be done today with a mere click of a button and

automatic emails can be sent on a routine schedule with a minimum of work. Acompany that works automation to its fullest advantage can concentrate on more

important tasks at hand, while reducing cost and increasing productivity in the

workplace, as well as optimizing success for the business itself.

Technological tools of communication

Communication technologies can save time and money, but they can also waste if

not used properly and efficiently. You dont have to become an expert to use most

communication technologies efficiently, but you will need to be familiar with the

basic features and functions of the tools you are expected to use on the job. As a

manager, you will also need to ensure that your employees have sufficient training

to productively use the tools you expect them to use.

The tools for business communication evolve with every new generation of digital

technology. Selecting the right tools for each situation can enhance your business

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

12/23

12

communication in many ways. In today flexible office setting, communication

technology helps people keep in touch and stay productive. When co-worker in

different cities needs to collaborate, they can meet and share ideas without costly

travel. Manufactures use communication technology to keep track parts, orders and

shipment and to keep customer well informed. Those same customers can alsocommunicate with companies in many ways at any time of day or night Intranets

y Saving Money and TimeCommunication technology has changed the way companies do business. It has

shortened response times and reduced the costs of paper and phone bills. Costumer

service has also changed. In many cases, you no longer have to wait for hours on a

telephone; you can chat on-line with representatives to solve problems faster.

Businesses now market their products and services through emails and texts.

Businesses can even hold visual meetings on-line, from opposite parts of the

world, something that was impossible only a few years ago.

y KnowledgeCommunication technology puts the world at your fingertips. Being able to

communicate faster and cheaper with other countries makes people more

knowledgeable about world affairs. You can now enroll in an online universityor college, and talk with your professor through the internet. People are able to

instantly pass on important information during emergencies and disasters.

y PersonalPeople can converse almost as well as if they were in the same room no matter

where they are. All the little tasks that were hard to coordinate before the advent of

electronic communications now become every day. This makes you more efficientand more productive.

y BusinessA lot of businesses would be impossible or much less efficient without modern

communications technology. Service businesses are the most obvious. The pizza or

lo Mein is much more likely to arrive hot if customer, dispatcher and customer can

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

13/23

13

easily communicate. Plumbers and electricians can not only get to the right place

quickly but can order new supplies and ask technical questions easily.

Communication improves every business that is information intensive and timecritical.

y CivilThe days when criminals can outrun the law are over. Broadcast technology

makes it possible to inform citizens about disasters and emergencies. The number

of lives saved by satellite reconnaissance and TV technology in hurricane regions

is enormous. Similar results in tornado regions come from two other

communication marvels radio and Doppler radar. A wired society can functionmore smoothly.

y Sharing InformationThe Internet has helped broaden communication channels by connecting people

all over the world through a single computer network. But before the development

of mobile communication devices, the information still needed to be transported

back to a computer before it could be sent out over the Internet. With hand-held

communications devices, business professionals can instantly share information

with clients and vendors regardless of where they are, and friends can share

photographs and messages instantly without having to wait until they are logged into a computer.

y Less down TimeBecause many business professionals are connected to clients and business

associates through cellular devices, there is no down time anymore. Business

managers, small business owners and professionals are always on call to clients

because of the ability of clients to reach business professionals through cellular

phone calls, texting or emails. The same mobile communication tools that can

make business easier, can also make business a burden when they take away timeoff.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

14/23

14

Inter organizational Coordination Structures

The need for coordination arises as a logical consequence for the division of labor

in and between organizations (Mintzberg, 1993). A general definition of

coordination is proposed by Malone and Crows ton (1994): coordination is

managing dependencies. Several mechanisms are available to manage

dependencies. Several authors describe coordination processes [e.g. Kumar, 1996;

Malone and Crowston, 1994; Mintzberg, 1993; Thompson, 1967; Winograd &

Flores, 1986). Processes are, however, not the only mechanisms to achieve

coordination. The structure of a group of organizations can also be seen as a

mechanism for coordinating activities (Jablin, 1987). The focus of this paper is on

coordination structures. A structure, at an abstract level, can be viewed as a

collection of elements and the set of relationships that connect these elements

(Monge & Eisenberg, 1987). In an inter organizational coordination structure, the

elements are the organizations. The relationships between those organizations can

be associated with different perspectives such as dyads, chains, industries, and

networks (Clegg and Hardy, 1996; Kambil, 1992). These perspectives are

visualized in figure 2. Organizations that are members of the same type of industry

are labeled with the same letter in this figure.

The goods or services flow from A to C.

Dyad.

Aspects ofgoods&

services

Use ofict

Support

CoordinationStructure

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

15/23

15

The dyad perspective refers to the relationship between two organizations, a

supplier and a buyer. The dyad perspective was not considered since the chain

optimized as a whole will be better off than a set of optimized dyads (Sterman,

1989).

Chain.

The dyad perspective can be extended to the chain perspective by

incorporating the supplier of the supplier and so on; a chain consists of two or

more dyads. The chain is thus the sequence of primary processes associated with

the transformation of the good from raw materials through to the finished product

for the final customer.

Industry.

The industry refers to relationships based on competition. Organizations in

the same industry offer products or services that are close substitutes (Kotler, 1994;

Porter, 1980). The structure of an industry depends on several characteristics such

as concentration, level of product differentiation, and barriers to entry (Barney &

Hesterly, 1996).

Network.

The network perspective stresses the web that is created by all theinterdependencies between the processes of different organizations, including

competitive relationships as in the industry and supplier- buyer relationships as in

chains.

The chain perspective was used in this research as a temporary arrangement of

organizations in a network. This is explained by the theory of dynamic networks

and temporary chains (Jarvenpaa & Ives, 1994; Miles & Snow, 1992). A chain is

an arrangement of organizations in a network for the fulfillment of a customer

order. After fulfillment, the chain can be dissolved and the organizations in thenetwork are ready to form new chains.

There are many different types of inter organizational coordination structures, but

they can be categorized into two basic coordination structures (Malone et al., 1987;

Thompson et al., 1991). A hierarchical coordination structure is characterized by

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

16/23

16

long lasting relationships between organizations with fixed rules of behavior and

clear authority relationships. One organization has control over the other

organizations. The market as a structure coordinates organizations via bidding and

pricing systems.

In a real market organizations have to build a relationship for every new customer

order. All organizations are fully autonomous and make decisions in their own

interest. Market coordination relies mainly on price mechanisms, while

hierarchical coordination mainly uses authority and other procedural coordination

processes. The dichotomy of markets and hierarchies is not as sharp as it may

seem. The actual mix of coordination mechanisms to be used in practice can be

characterized as hybrid (Powell, 1991). Hybrids vary between the extremes of pure

markets and pure structures are insufficient. A more detailed prediction should be

possible than saying that the use of ICT may lead to proportionally extra use of

markets (Malone et al., 1987).

Four aspects of coordination structures are identified for this purpose:

Centralized versus decentralized, dominated versus neutral, the number of

participants, and long term versus short term agreements. Markets can be

characterized as neutral, with a large number of participants, and with short term

agreements. Strict hierarchies have a dominated structure, often with a few

participants, and with long term agreements. Both markets and hierarchies can be

centralized or decentralized, although Brynjolfsson (1994) states that mostly

centralized coordination will optimally take place within hierarchies.

1. Coordination structures can be classified into decentralized and centralizedstructures (Malone & Crowston, 1994). In a decentralized structure, all

buyers are able to contact all sellers to negotiate transactions, whereas in a

centralized structure transactions between buyers and sellers are negotiated

indirectly through a broker. Different types of centralized structures can be

distinguished when taking into account on whose behalf the broker operates:

on behalf of a buyer, on behalf of a group of buyers, on behalf of a seller, on

behalf of a group of sellers, or independently of both buyers and sellers.

The types of centralized and decentralized structures are presented in table 1.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

17/23

17

Independently Broker

Centralized Seller One seller One sellerBuyer decentralized Centralized Centralized

One buyer Centralized Centralized CentralizedGroup of buyers Centralized Centralized Centralized

Table 1: Classification of coordination structures

2. The aspect of the coordination structure being dominated or neutral takesinto consideration the power of setting prices and rules (Bodendorf &

Reinheimer, 1997). In a dominated structure, one organization sets the prices

and rules and it is up to the other organization either to accept this or not to

agree on the deal. In contrast, a neutral structure enables organizations to

introduce their prices and rules and to negotiate them among each other.

3. The third aspect takes into consideration the number and can vary betweenone organization and the total number of buyers or sellers in the network. A

distinction is made between the number of participants in the network with

whom agreements are negotiated and the number of participants with whom

agreements are settled to form a chain. The number of participants in the

network taken into account can influence the results of the negotiations

(Kalakota & Whinston, 1996; Porter, 1980): the more participants that takepart in the negotiations, the better supply and demand can be coordinated.

Williamson (1975) argues that while the number of participants is high the

first time negotiations take place between the participants, it is often much

lower in renewal stages. The number of participants with whom an

agreement is settled can be lower than the number with who is being

negotiated.

4. Organizations make agreements about a certain good or service. Thisagreement could be valid for once only (short term) or for a longer period oftime in which the good or service is required more than once (long term)

(Williamson, 1985).

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

18/23

18

Organization selected

Private organization: Bank ofPakistan

Online Banking facilities are available to customers maintaining accounts at all

online branches across the country. The following facilities are available:

y Cash Deposit for immediate credit to a remote branch.y Remote Cheque Encashment from any online branch.y Instant Funds Transfer between any 2 online branches.y Remote Balance Inquiry and Statement of Account.

Additionally, account holders of all online branches can obtain the Allied Cash

Shop Visa Debit Card for use at ATMs as well as at POS terminals. To locate abranch simply select the city

Consumer:

In line with the Banks aim to provide a host of products and

services to its customers, substantial ground work has been done to establish a

strong consumer banking business. Furthermore, to achieve this objective,

professionals from across the industry have been recruited into areas of product

development, sales, credit policy, research, consumer analytics, call centers andservice quality departments

The consumer portfolio, comprising the debit card, credit cards, auto loans,

personal loans and mortgages will be established phase by phase. However, we are

confident that our strengths, together with our largest network of online branches, a

superior technology platform and a big customer base, will take the Banks

profitability to new heights.

Simple and Convenient:

Easier navigation and help provided at every step so you can make full use of this

service. With Allied Direct convenience is just a click away.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

19/23

19

Secure and Faster:

Encrypted with latest tools and technologies, Allied Direct is the choice for secure

and fast Internet Banking.

24x7 Accesses:

You now have access to your account 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. You can

transfer funds or pay bills, even when it's a holiday.

To use Allied Direct Internet Banking, you should be a registered Bank Account

holder with a valid ATM Card. If you do not have an account, please visit any of

our nearest branches and open your account and obtain an ATM Card. Our friendly

branch staff will help you open your account quickly.

Pay Anyone:

Pay Anyone Service that fits your Lifestyle. !!

Pay anyone is a new addition in the features list of our Allied Direct Internet

Banking Service. You can send

Bank has a vast network of over 573 ATMs installed in over 130 cities, which

continues to grow at a rapid pace. For details about Allied ATM Network

Network:

Additionally, Bank is a member of the 1-LINK ATM sharing switchcomprising of over 2,000 ATMs nationwide, therefore, giving its Allied Cash Shop

Visa Debit Card holders access to even more ATMs across the country.

Utility Bills:

Customers can pay their utility bills (e.g. electricity, gas,

telephone) at any of the Banks branches. For further convenience, bills are

collected on all working days during normal banking hours and also at certain

times during the evening. Bills can be paid with cash or cheque, plus customers

can even drop crossed cheques in drop-boxes available at all branches.

Furthermore, customers can also pay their bills using any of the Banks ATMs or

via Internet Banking for SSGC and SNGP bills.

Online Banking:

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

20/23

20

No matter where you are in the country and whichever branch

your account is maintained at, you can have your cheque cashed at any of our over

800 online branches located in 250 cities. You can also use the service, from any

branch, to deposit cash for instant credit into your account or any other account in

Bank. Similarly, the account-to-account Funds Transfer facility is also availablefor instant remittance.

Online Commercial & Retail Banking Group (CRBG)

The Commercial & Retail Banking group is organized under four

geographical territories consisting of 28 regions and over 800 branches (100%

online) spread across the country for providing quality banking services to the

customers.

Suggestions, Enquiries & Requests:

At Bank, we strive to maximize customer satisfaction by providing the

highest quality of services. We are constantly looking for opportunities to improve

the standard of the services provided to the customers.

Disadvantages of Business Communication Technology

Information technology has enhanced the way organizations conduct business.

Technology is commonly implemented into most business operations andfunctions. A common use of information technology is business communication.

Businesses use websites, email, text messages, chatting and other forms of

technological communication channels to transfer information to managers,

employees and the general public. While this technology has lowered operating

costs and often increases the business visibility, a few disadvantages exist with this

technology.

Impersonal Perception

A significant disadvantage of business communication technology is theperception that a business is impersonal. Consumers who are consistently peppered

with electronic communication from business organizations are more likely to have

this perception. Businesses often use this method of communication to respond to

consumer inquiries about orders placed on the company website. Consumers

attempting to contact a business who are unable to reach a human being may

become frustrated by electronic communication methods. Employees may also see

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

21/23

21

electronic communication as impersonal if they only receive messages from

managers or other employees through email. Email can also create confusion

requiring employees to seek more feedback than normal compared to more

personal communication methods.

Security Issues

Using business technology in communication can create various security

issues. Emails, text messages and other website communication are often

vulnerable to hackers or other individuals who should not have access to certain

information. These security issues can create serious legal liabilities if a customer

personal information, such as a credit card number, social security number or

driver license is accessed by illegal means through a company business

technology. Companies must also create internal controls to safeguard information

from inappropriate actions by company employees.

Equipment Expense

Companies typically have to purchase additional equipment to implement

business communication technology into its operations. Personal computers,

servers, modems and other software or hardware are often necessary components.

A business may also need to replace this equipment in a few years to maintain

relevance in the business environment. Business communication technology also

requires companies to employ an individual capable of handling repair or

maintenance issues. While this function can be outsourced, this option is usually

more costly than hiring a dedicated information technology employee.

Difficulty Training Employees

Businesses can face difficulty training older employees to use business

communication technology methods. These individuals may have a difficult time

understanding the technology and how these processes work. Businesses may need

to spend copious amounts of time or resources to train these individuals so that

they can use this technology to communicate with internal and external business

stakeholders. Hiring practices often need to be adjusted to ensure new potential

employees are familiar with the company business communication technology.

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

22/23

22

REFERENCES

Websites Searched

http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/vadapally-175767-written-communication-education-ppt-powerpoint/

http://www.speechclub.com/content/business-communication/communication-and-technology/communication-technology

8/3/2019 Final Bcrw

23/23

23

http://homepages.wmich.edu/~bowman/whatbc.html http://www.somerville.qld.edu.au/subjects/years11-12/business http://www.ehow.com/about_5403674_role-technology-business-

communication.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/impact of technology http://www.learn-english-today.com/business-english/business

http://www.impressforsuccess.com/index.html

http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=fP_LPJ4nBRQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=business+letters&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QcQIT4iWOYG0rAe3nv3YDw&

ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=business%20letters&f=false

Books Consulted

Effective Business Communication by Herta A. Murphy, Herbert W.Hildebrandt, Jane P. Thomas, Chapter 7: The Appearance and Design of

Business Message

Communication for Business, 4th Edition by Taylor UNIT 4: Introducing theBusiness Letters

Essentials of Business Communication (By Mary Ellen Guffey, Dana LoewyMarkel, Mike)

Technical Communication 6th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins Business Letters by Gratian Vas