File232.File.original Inf Generica Plasticos Aerosol

8/10/2019 File232.File.original Inf Generica Plasticos Aerosol

1/16

Plastic AerosolsWhen Safety meets Style

Dr. Hartmut Schiemann P&G Service GmbH


2/16

Plastic Aerosols A History

1951-1955: First non-metallic aerosols made of uncoated glass=> establishment of limits across the world(4 fl.oz. =118 ml in US, 100 ml in Japan, 150 ml in Europe etc.)

however, many countries did not differentiate=> same criteria for metal and plastic

1956: 19 ml (bakelite)

1958-1980: different types of opaque plastics in small sizes

1980-1990: transparent and opacified PET cans developed

1997: Cans made of PEN and PET/PEN developed

Regulations worldwide recognize:PET, PEN, Nylon, Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH) or their blends


3/16

Plastic Aerosol Facts

European AerosolProduction 2004-2007

Can material shares in % Plastic is almost

exclusively PET(glass is negligible)

Trend: increasingproduction of deodorants,which require aluminiumcans with specific coating

(epoxy)

Increase in plastic is notreally significant

62,7

37,1

0,2

54,19

45,45

0,36

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Tin Plate Aluminum Plastic (&Glass)

2004

200


4/16

Plastic Cans => Possibilities?

Transparent ?


5/16

Stylish shapes ?

Plastic Cans => Possibilities?

Learn from beverages?


6/16

Plastic Aerosol Myths

Plastic is cheaper than metal

Plastic can be shaped more attractively

Plastic has a better corrosion resistancethan metal


7/16

Plastic Aerosol Myths

Plastic is cheaper than metal

Plastic can be much more expensive than metalDont compare beverage bottles!

Plastic can be shaped more attractively

Today: Difficulties to shape plastic cans more attractively=> cost!!!

Plastic has a better corrosion resistance

than metalPlastic has a better corrosion resistance than metal, but

permeation is a show stopper in many cases.Be aware of UV rays


8/16

Safety for all Aerosol Packs

All aerosol packs shall withstand a temperature up to50C

No leak shall occur The container shall not burst

Increase in temperature causes an increase in pressureMechanical resistance up to at least 50C

There must be no possibility that the mechanicalresistance of the aerosol dispenser can be impaired bythe action of the substances contained in it, even duringprolonged storage.

Long term chemical resistance


9/16

Legal state of the art in Europe

ADD 75/324/EEC and revision in 2008:

Requirements for Plastic are the same as for Glass

Plastic aerosol dispensers which may splinter on burstingshall be treated in the same way as unprotected glass

aerosol dispensers.

Plastic aerosol dispensers which cannot splinter on bursting

shall be treated in the same way as glass aerosol dispenserswith a protective coating.

This is a consequence of history: First aerosols had been made of metal and glass

Plastic had been considered only later; many applications

failed in market


10/16

Legal state of the art globally

British Standard BS 5597:1991

Several exemptions in US and Canada based on BS5597:1991

Key message:Plastic aerosol cans fulfilling the same requirements (andsome more) can have the same maximum brimful volume asmetal cans (1000 ml) and can be filled the same way asmetal cans (maximum pressures of 13.5 bar at 55C,adapted in US 160 psig at 130F and Canada 1105 kPa=11.03 bar at 55C)

Therefore basic reference for all recent amendments ofstandards in US, Canada and on the way in Europe


11/16

Legal state of the art globally

ADR (European Agreement concerning the International Carriage ofDangerous Goods by Road)

Plastic aerosol cans can be made of any plastic/syntheticmaterial

Brimful volume up to 500 ml Max. pressure 1.32 MPa at 50C

Other references

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code)

Regulations concerning the International Carriage ofDangerous Goods by Rail (RID)

ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)

Plastic is only PET, PEN, Nylon and/or EVOR (combinations)

More detailed and specific requirements, including ageingaspects and drop test

Brimful volume up to 500 ml, but only for non-flammable, non-toxic gas and contents; otherwise 120 ml only

Max. pressure 974 kPa at 55C


12/16

Important criteria on Plastic Cans (1)

Drop test

has been even expanded to respect approaches of other

regulations (e.g. different temperatures from ICAO) Area for drop test (concrete floor) like Standard ISO 2248;

Same height of 1.8 m for single containers/aerosol packs and

transport packs

All drop test shall be at required temperature (different to ISO

16104, where 5 minutes transfer time are permitted from

conditioning environment to test area)

Temperature at 18C after 24 hours conditioning

55C after 6 hours conditioning

40C additionally for aerosol packs after 3 months conditioning


13/16

Important criteria on Plastic Cans (2)

Waterbath testing is difficult for plastic cans, especially drying withhot air afterwards

Alternative test methods to hot water bath apply and arerecommended

Additional hot air test:5 hours at test temperature that will be fixed at 7C below thecontainer materials glass transition temperature (Tg). However

the test temperature will not be lower than 65C and not higherthan 75C

This test shall also ensure that no material is selected that doesnot fulfill what metal cans normally provide by their natural

temperature resistance.

This test is not included in legal proposals (to maintain alignmentof legal requirements with those for metal cans)


14/16

Requirements for Aerosol Packs

Metal Uncoated glass/splintering plastic

Coated glass/ nonsplintering plastic

Plastic - Proposal

Maximum Capacity

(brimful)

1000 ml 150 ml 220 ml 1000 ml

Filling pressure at 50C

depending onpropellant (liqufied,

solved or compressed

gas)


15/16

Summary

Plastic Aerosol Cans are in market today

Current legislation allows worldwide plastic cans up to

500 ml brimful volume (except Europe and parts of Asia) European Commission asked for harmonization with

global regulations in 2005

Recently Plastic Cans up to 1000 ml brimful volumebecame standard in North America, based on BritishStandard

FEA supports Plastic Cans up to 1000 ml and increasedpressure up to 15 bar (13.2 bar at least) => no differentrequirements compared to metal cans

Target to amend European Directive is 2011


16/16

Questions ?

Happy to answer questions, if needed:

Dr. Hartmut SchiemannProcter & Gamble Service GmbH

Berliner Allee 65

D-64274 DarmstadtGermany

E-mail: [email protected].: +49 170 893 4190

File232.File.original Inf Generica Plasticos Aerosol

Documents

Transcript of File232.File.original Inf Generica Plasticos Aerosol