Figure : The Container Terminal Subsystems (Source: permission from Justin Nortillo, Maher Terminals

Logistic Systems, Inc., US)

2.Transfer

3.Storage

4. DeliveryReceipt

1.Ship-to-Shore

Page 6 / Fig 1

Page 8 / Fig 2

Port A

Port B

Port C

Port D

Port 1

Port 2

Port 3

Port 4

Page 9 / Fig 3

De Monie International Port Consulting

MAIN LINE SERVICE

FEEDER SERVICES

FEEDER SERVICES

FEEDER SERVICES

FEEDER SERVICES

Port A

Port B

Port C

Port D

Port 1

Port 2

Port 3

Port 4

Page 27 / Fig 1

Number of Container Ship Over 5000 TEU Built or On Order

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Year Built (or on order to be Built)

Nu

mb

er o

f C

on

tain

er S

hip

s

+8000 TEU 7000 TEU 6000 TEU 5000 TEU

Page 30/31 Fig 3, 4, 5

Page 34 / Fig 7

Ship-to-Shore

Storage

Transfer

Delivery/Receipt

Planning

Controlling

Strategic

Tactical

Operational

CT subsystems Decision Types Time Frame Typical Issues

Terminal location, Terminal size, and resource type

Allocation of resources, size of workforce, and “rules of thumb”

Daily scheduling of jobs, process management, scheduling of workers

Page 48 / Fig 10

Page 58 / Fig 11

Analysis of literature reviewed based upon: subsystem, decision type and time horizon

02468

1012141618202224262830323436384042444648

Operational Tactical StrategicControl Planning

Nu

mb

er

of

pa

pe

rs

Ship to Shore

Transfer

Storage

Delivery and Receipt

Page 82 / Fig 1 & 2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Transport Traffic Terminal

Air

Road

Rail

Sea

Intermodal

General

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Strategical Tactical Operational

Air

Road

Rail

Sea

Intermodal

General

Page 107 /Fig 2

Economic/commercial port community

Customs

CT operator

Port Authority Ship Agent

Shipping line/ alliance

Inland Transportoperator

Container terminal community

FreightForwarders

Legal firms

Shippers

Banks

Public authorities

Central or regional government

Stevedore

Page 131 / Fig 1

1. Ship-to-

Shore

2.Transfer

3. Storage

4.Deliver- ReceiptContainers Containers

Page 153 / Fig 1

CT Simulator

Management System SimulatorTerminal Manager

Ship Captain

Stevedore Stevedore Stevedore

Ship CaptainShip Captain

crancraneCranes cranecraneCranesCranes

S SCSC

S SC

Port Captain

actions observations

QC

SC

Ship

Yard

Container

Quay

QC

SC

Ship

Yard

Container

Quay

Page 154 / Fig 2

Create Ship<slot>

Ship Request<Ship Properties><Desired Serv. Time><Manifest>

Bay Plan (of Ship)<# Containers Out><# Containers In><Berth Positions of Bays in ship><# Containers in Bay><Container Properties>

Call SC agents

Crane Request(s)

SC agent assigned

SC agent States

Operations Completed

Crane Request<Desired Serv. Time><Avg. #of Cranes Needed><Ship Properties><Manifest>

Berth Assignment<Berth Position>

Free Berth & Cranes

Berth & Crane Assignment<cranes assigned>

<<agent>>Stevedore(s)

-Crane Properties

<<agent>>Terminal Manager

-Quay Properties-Pre-Berth Spot Allocation-Crane Properties-Crane Cost-Berth Schedule (dynamic)-Crane Availability-Berth Policy

<<agent>>Crane(s)

-Crane Properties

-Quay Properties

-Assigned SCs

<<agent>>SC(s)

-SC properties-Stack Positions

<<agent>>Ship(S)

-Ship PropertiesManifest-# Containers Out-# Containers In-Container Types-Container Dest.-Shifting Factor-Est. Arrival time-Est. Depart time

<<agent>>Port

Captain

-Sequence Policy

Service TimeCalculation

<# Containers out><# Containers in>

<ETA>

BerthAllocation

Crane NeedsCalculation

CraneAllocation

BayAllocation

Ship Un/loading Completed

Sequencing

Ship ‘Departs’

Page 170 / Fig 1

QCAllocation

SC Allocation

Ship Arrival

Load and Unloading

Horizontal Transport

Yard Stack/Stack on Quay

Operational Decisions

BerthAllocation

Tactical/Strategic Decisions

Processes in Transhipment of Containers

Sequencing Policy:- First In First Out- Highest Earnings First- Shortest Job First

Positioning Policy:- Berth Closest to the Stack- Overall Time Shortening

Stacking Policy:- Stack by Line- Stack by Destination

Goals:- Efficient use of equipment- Reduce Distance Traveled- Service Ship’s Containers - Fast Turn-Around Time- Low Costs for Serving Ships

StackAllocation

Page 211 / Fig 4 & 5

3

4

Yard Stacks with Yard

Cranes (areas for storing containers)

Yard Stacks with Yard

Cranes (areas for storing containers)

Page 219 / Fig 6

12

34

5

T-AGV1 Cassette

2 Cassettes3 Cassettes

4 Cassettes

4,004,505,005,50

6,006,50

7,007,50

8,00

8,50

9,00

9,50

10,00

10,50

Sh

ip S

ervi

ce T

ime

in h

rs.

Num ber of AGVs

Page 223 /Fig 7

12

34

5

T-AGV

1 Cassette

2 Cassette

3 Cassette

4 Cassette

13 000 kr

15 000 kr

17 000 kr

19 000 kr

21 000 kr

23 000 kr

25 000 kr

27 000 kr

29 000 kr

To

tal C

os

ts

Number of AGVs

Numberof

Cassettes

Page 238 / Fig 1

Economic/commercialport community

Terminal operator

Shipping line

Inland Transportoperator

Container terminalcommunity

Freight Forwarders

Shippers

KarlshamnTransport Corridor Klaipeda

Sweden

Lithuania

PolandGermany

Denmark

Customs

Public authorities

Central or Regional

government

Government Legal

Authorities

Information

Page 244 / Fig 2

Historical cooperation behaviour

Transaction Costs

Preference of Cooperation

Freight Forwarders

MAS

Policy Rules(Subsidize or Tax)

Influences the Environment

ShipperShippers(d)

Input or

Data

dTransport

Demands

InlandTranport providersTerminalTerminals

Ship Lines

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Government legal

Authorities

Government legal Authorities

Transport Costs

Assignment of DecisionWeights by Each Agent

send

update

αi

Profit

send

update

DCRAlgorithm

Resulting Governing

Structures:

Feedback

contract vertical market