Figure 2 - Drought SA...drought, the temporal trend suggests that it will not be long before it is...

THE OCTOBER 2015 REPORT ON DROUGHT CONDITIONS ACROSS THE COUNTRY

1. Introduction Due to prolonged lower-than-normal rainfall since the year started, drought conditions are being experienced across the country. This has led to water shortages in a number of public water supply schemes/dams. But so far, drought disaster has been declared in only two of the nine provinces – KwaZulu Natal and Free State Provinces. Funding for specific drought mitigation measures have been received by only the KZN Provinces. However, noting the spread of the drought, the National Disaster Management Centre (NDMC) is documenting a list of specific places that may need assistance/funding for drought mitigation interventions. DWS has collected lists of water schemes/communities that are facing drought hardships together with proposed business plans/interventions from all provinces and forwarded to the NDMC. The exact amount of funding or assistance is still awaited. The general picture of how much the drought is affecting the country is sensed by looking at the trends of the main drivers of drought as outlined below.

2. Drought Indicators 2.1 Rainfall or precipitation trends

The map in Figure 1 below shows areas that received less than 75% of the long-term mean total rainfall, for the period April 2015 to August 2015. These areas can be considered as experiencing drought at this time scale and include northern KwaZulu-Natal, south-eastern Mpumalanga and central to southern Northern Cape (Umlindi, The Watchman, Issue 2015-07, 14 September 2015).

Figure 1: Percentage of normal rainfall for April 2015 to August 2015

2.2 Standard Precipitation Index (SPI)

The Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) is a tool used by the South Africa Weather Services (SAWS) for measuring the severity of a drought based on rainfall data. It can be used to determine the onset and cessation of a drought and its severity. The SPI can be used to compare the drought extent of different places. Figure 2 is the 12 month SPI map of the country in August 2015, which is showing how severe to extreme drought conditions (indicated by red colour) had spread in South Africa. The lower than normal rainfall eastwards in June indicates that the drought might intensify in KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Limpopo and some other parts of North West. Technically, an area moves into a drought when the SPI dips below 0 and the drought ends when the SPI becomes positive again. The duration of the drought is the number of months when the SPI was negative. The severity of the drought is the absolute value of the departure of the SPI below 0. Long term trends of a drought are assessed by tracking the 12-month and the 24-month SPI. The drying trend seems to have started to manifest during the summer season of 2012/13 and has been intensifying ever since in all the summer rainfall regions which includes dominant parts of all the Provinces except for Western Cape. While the 12-month and the 24-month SPI indicates that the Western Cape Province is not experiencing long-term

drought, the temporal trend suggests that it will not be long before it is the case, especially if substantial winter rains are not received. It appears the wet conditions in the central interior and western regions were enough to cause an inflection on the trend of the 12- and 24-month SPI for Eastern Cape, Free State and Northern Cape. However, the wet conditions were not sufficient to end the drought. The persisting dry conditions in the central to eastern regions did not cause a significant change in the slope of the SPI for Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Limpopo. This suggests that the drought was continuing unabated in these Provinces. Note that the information is contained in the DWS June 2015 Drought Report that is published on the DWS website (http://intranet.dwaf.gov.za/what’snew).

Figure 2: The 12-Month SPI map of South Africa with overlay of District Municipal boundaries, August 2015

Table 1 shows the 12-month SPI values for the different provinces and illustrates the SPI values for June 2015 for each of the provinces. As per the drought indicators in Table 1, a SPI of -0.5 to -0.7 results in dry conditions and a SPI of less than -2 could result in exceptional drought conditions. The table indicates the exceptional drought conditions being experienced in KwaZulu-Natal, the severe drought conditions experienced in the Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West and Western Cape provinces, the moderately drought condition in Gauteng, and the dry conditions in the remaining provinces.

http://intranet.dwaf.gov.za/what'snew

Table 1: SPI at June 2015 for each province

Province 12 month SPI Description

Eastern Cape -0.30 Dry Conditions

Free State -0.6 Dry Conditions

Gauteng -1.2 Moderate Drought Conditions

Kwazulu-Natal -2.43 Exceptional Drought Conditions

Limpopo -1.34 Severe Drought Conditions

Mpumalanga -1.45 Severe Drought Conditions

Northern Cape -0.60 Dry Conditions

North West -1.4 Severe Drought Conditions

Western Cape -1.4 Severe Drought Conditions

2.3 Seasonal Climate Forecasts Figure 3 shows the Seasonal climate forecasts provided by the SAWS heightened high probabilities of below-normal rainfall for the start of the summer season. This is expected to continue throughout summer with relatively small chances of above-normal rainfall for localised areas in early to mid-summer. This suggests a strong possibility of the dry conditions persisting, which may lead to a long-term drought [DWS June 2015 Drought Report (http://intranet.dwaf.gov.za/what’snew)].

Figure 3: Rainfall forecasts from August to December 2015

http://intranet.dwaf.gov.za/what'snew)

2.4 Water systems storage trends (Dams and Rivers)

Dams are built to harvest rainfall runoff during wet seasons for later use during dry periods. Figure 4 presents the combined storage percentage of the national dams over time. Note that the combined water storage capacity increased over time as more dams were built. Periods of very low storage were experienced in the early eighties, early nineties and early twenties, with the lowest combined levels recorded on 15 November 1983 (34% of full total capacity), 15 Nov 1995 (34.4% of full capacity) and 2 Jan 2006 (56.0% of full capacity) respectively. The value of 74.5% recorded at 6 July 2015 is still significantly above the previous lows recorded but disquietingly is part of a downward trend. This downward trend is apparent since the very high levels experienced in 2010/2011. What is also notable is that the total storage percentage has not dropped below the 70% value since 2006, indicating a period of high storage levels for 9 years. This is the longest period of sustained high levels of storage since 1980, and if the historical pattern of droughts as reflected in combined storage levels is an indicator, a drop in the storage levels can be expected.

Figure 4: National dam storage trend Oct 1980 to July 2015

If provincial dam storage levels are compared to values for the same point in time in 2014 the values decreased in all provinces except the Eastern Cape where it is 1% higher (Table 2). The highest decreases are found in KZN (15%), North West (14%) and Mpumalanga (13%). The high value of a decrease of 30% for Western Cape is probably associated with the winter rains arriving late during the winter season.

The following table (Table 2) indicates the combined dam levels in the different provinces as per August 2015 monitoring results.

Table 2: Provincial storage levels as on Monday, 4 August 2015

Figure 5 (below) shows the reservoir storage trends of the recent past five water years (2011 - 2015) for country’s water management areas. Of significance comparison is the trend for the present water year (black line) with the median storage trend of the past 30 years (light blue line). The extent of drought in KZN is well depicted by how far the storage trend for this year (black line) is falling below the medial storage trend for past 30 years (light blue line) – e.g. Water storage situation in the Usuthu-Mhlatuze water management area is at its lowest point (at about 61%) for past 30 years – and far below the 30-year Median Storage Trend.

Figure 5: Reservoir storage trends of the past five water years (2011 - 2015) for country’s water management areas. To simplify, compare trend for present water year (black line) with trend the median for last 30 years (light blue line)

From water resources storage trends, it is possible that drought is being experienced in certain areas of the provinces although the average values do not provide the detail necessary to determine where individual dam storage levels are so low that restrictions have to be implemented in terms of operating rules. The situation in KZN, Limpopo and Northern Cape however shows that drought situations are experienced in parts of the provinces. In general a total drop of 11 % in total available storage capacity compared to the same period last year, was found.

2.5 Underground water availability

Groundwater is much slower to be affected by drought than surface water, and worldwide groundwater has proved to be a good buffer against drought. Figure 6 below illustrates the average large scale groundwater abstraction in cubic meters (m3) per annum and Figure 7 shows the occurrence of groundwater.

Figure 6: Large Scale ground water abstraction

Figure 7: Ground water occurrence

At this time there is in-sufficient information available to review the status of ground water throughout South Africa and the extent to which ground water availability has been affected by the current drought conditions.

3 Communities Affected by the Drought

Figure 8 below indicates drought affected municipalities by overlaying the 12 month SPI categories of moderate and severe drought over the national settlement data. This map clearly indicates the severe and moderate drought areas. Also refer to Figure 2 that shows the 12-Month SPI map of South Africa (June 2015) with overlay of South African District Municipal boundaries.

Figure 8: Drought affected Municipalities

By overlaying this information on South African settlement maps, communities facing drought conditions could be identified and analysed as per the table below. Table 3 below is a list of the municipalities affected by the moderate and severe drought areas, as well as the population of each of the affected municipalities. It is important to note that these communities are located within the drought areas. They need not necessarily be affected by the drought where potable water supplies are concerned, as their supplies may not be affected by the drought. Similarly communities may not be located in these areas but may be affected by drought if their water supply is affected. These numbers however give a good indication of the number of people affected.

Table 3: Details of municipalities affected by drought

Demographics

Province Affected

Local

Municipalities

District /

Metropolitan

Number of

Affected

Settlements

Affected

Households

Affected

Population

Eastern Cape Engcobo Chris Hani 137 12,495 51,017

Eastern Cape Sakhisizwe Chris Hani 3 413 1,559

Total: 140 12,908 52,576

Free State Dihlabeng Thabo

Mofatsanyana

5 5,253 17,888

Total: 5 5,253 17,888

Kwazulu-Natal Abaqulusi Zululand 47 19,898 97,499

Demographics

Province Affected

Local

Municipalities

District /

Metropolitan

Number of

Affected

Settlements

Affected

Households

Affected

Population

Kwazulu-Natal Dannhauser Amajuba 48 10,417 52,085

Kwazulu-Natal eDumbe Zululand 13 5,653 28,310

Kwazulu-Natal Emadlangeni Amajuba 20 3,001 16,342

Kwazulu-Natal eThekwini eThekwini

Metropolitan

83 703,819 2,533,745

Kwazulu-Natal Hlabisa uMkhanyakude 230 12,388 70,821

Kwazulu-Natal Jozini uMkhanyakude 35 1,340 6,433

Kwazulu-Natal KwaDukuza iLembe 73 70,284 231,183

Kwazulu-Natal Mandeni iLembe 107 38,225 138,057

Kwazulu-Natal Maphumulo iLembe 214 19,962 96,737

Kwazulu-Natal Mfolozi uThungulu 149 24,343 116,918

Kwazulu-Natal Mkhambathini uMgungundlovu 5 2,756 11,776

Kwazulu-Natal Mpofana uMgungundlovu 43 1,219 4,385

Kwazulu-Natal Msinga uMzinyathi 31 777 3,656

Kwazulu-Natal Mthonjaneni uThungulu 111 8,980 41,154

Kwazulu-Natal Mtubatuba uMkhanyakude 183 34,761 174,705

Kwazulu-Natal Ndwedwe iLembe 181 29,193 140,827

Kwazulu-Natal Newcastle Amajuba 22 5,495 24,929

Kwazulu-Natal Nkandla uThungulu 420 22,041 112,251

Kwazulu-Natal Nongoma Zululand 283 24,220 137,305

Kwazulu-Natal Nquthu uMzinyathi 147 8,360 43,777

Kwazulu-Natal Ntambanana uThungulu 147 9,775 56,695

Kwazulu-Natal The Big 5

False Bay

uMkhanyakude 41 6,454 28,839

Kwazulu-Natal Ulundi Zululand 149 11,138 60,147

Kwazulu-Natal Umdoni Ugu 9 14,618 50,034

Kwazulu-Natal uMhlathuze uThungulu 70 86,360 333,529

Kwazulu-Natal uMlalazi uThungulu 415 45,049 213,587

Kwazulu-Natal uMngeni uMgungundlovu 43 13,772 41,616

Kwazulu-Natal uMshwathi uMgungundlovu 229 28,710 108,421

Kwazulu-Natal Umvoti uMzinyathi 164 10,626 40,375

Kwazulu-Natal Umzumbe Ugu 6 3,532 16,247

Kwazulu-Natal uPhongolo Zululand 3 409 1,799

Kwazulu-Natal Vulamehlo Ugu 8 1,388 6,663

Total: 3,729 1,278,963 5,040,847

Limpopo Bela-Bela Waterberg 1 644 2,544

Limpopo Elias

Motsoaledi

Sekhukhune 2 5,234 21,355

Limpopo Greater

Letaba

Mopani 10 19,622 68,056

Limpopo Greater

Tzaneen

Mopani 5 12,635 28,093

Limpopo Polokwane Capricorn 1 109 361

Total: 19 38,244 120,409

Mpumalanga Chief Albert

Luthuli

Gert Sibande 23 30,257 123,703

Mpumalanga Dr JS Moroka Nkangala 6 7,272 26,345

Mpumalanga Dr Pixley ka

Isaka Seme

Gert Sibande 4 8,053 31,135

Demographics

Province Affected

Local

Municipalities

District /

Metropolitan

Number of

Affected

Settlements

Affected

Households

Affected

Population

Mpumalanga Mkhondo Gert Sibande 44 40,551 190,207

Mpumalanga Msukaligwa Gert Sibande 8 10,216 42,035

Mpumalanga Thembisile

Hani

Nkangala 29 49,201 200,034

Total: 114 145,550 613,459

North West Moses Kotane Bojanala Platinum 2 999 2,519

North West Ramotshere

Moiloa

Ngaka Modiri

Molema

2 35 149

North West Rustenburg Bojanala Platinum 119 125,000 338,735

Total: 123 126,034 341,403

Northern Cape Hantam Namakwa 1 254 887

Northern Cape Karoo

Hoogland

Namakwa 1 714 2,570

Northern Cape Richtersveld Namakwa 1 222 835

Total: 3 1,190 4,292

Western Cape City of Cape

Town

City of Cape

Town

Metropolitan

64 49,513 174,174

Total: 64 49,513 174,174

Total South Africa: Affected 4,197 1,657,655 6,365,048

Just from the information presented in Table 3 above approximately 12% of the total population of South Africa is currently impacted by drought conditions. 4. Summarised drought intervention recommendations in the provinces

Besides communities listed in Section 3 above, other water users are also impacted by the drought and restrictions imposed in terms of the dams with low water levels. Table 4 below summarises the recommendation although the exact number of those affected are not included.

Table 4a: KwaZulu-Natal Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought System/Dam/Municipality No of

Households affected

Recommendations/Interventions Budget Actions Responsibility Time Frame

Current Status

North Coast System - Hazelmere Dam

Implemented restrictions Reduced by:- 100% for Irrigation - 30% for Domestic-Unrestricted Demand: 54 Ml/day-Current abstractions 31Ml/day. A total of 126 mm of rain recorded 6/8/15 increase of 5.14%.

KZN- DWS Provincial office WSAs, Sembcorp Sizwe Water

August 2015 - +-6.1 ml/day was pumped to the Hazelmere dam from the oThangathi river. iLembe will now receive 8.630 ML per day supply from Umgeni Water as opposed to 12.328 ML per day. Dam level has stabilised over past 2 months at around 30%

Spring Protection R 837 000.00

Refurbishment & Upgrades R 3 199 000.00

Water tanker rental R 20 303 000.00

Water Tanks R 4 724 000.00

Boreholes R 2 250 000.00

Ops R 3 618 000.00

Intensify WCDM 2016 – 2019

Implement Phase 1 of the Thukela Bulk Water Project by 2016

Jun-16

Implement Phase 2 of theThukela Bulk Water Project by 2019

55ML per annum. Distribution systems are also almost in place

Raise Hazelmere Dam From July 2015

The contractor for the raising of Hazelmere Dam has been appointed and the raising has commenced on 01 July 2015

Middle South Coast System - E J Smith and Umzinto Dams

Conduct a feasibility study on Mvoti River storage

Areas such as KwaMbotho, KwaFodo, KwaNyuswa in the uMuziwabantu area have been recognised as new areas affected by drought.

Ugu District Municipality, Umgeni Water & DWS

Implemented Water Restrictions. 30% All Current Demand 13-15Ml/day. Current abstractions 4-8ML /day

Umgeni Water Umzinto dam – 31,8% and EJ Smith dam 74,2%. 172 mm of rain was recorded in the Umzinto in August 2015

Mpambanyoni transfer system yielding on average 5,4 mg/l/d

Pennington supply has been switched to the South Coast Pipeline

Spring Protection R 2 500 000.00

Diesel generators and flat bed trucks - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 8 340 000.00

Interim Water Tankering R 7 013 711.00


WCWDM: implement interventions From 2015

Implement South Coast Pipeline Phase 2

Implement the Lower uMkhomaas Scheme (Ngwadini Dam)

By 2020

Northern KZN System - Goedertrouw Dam

Implemented Restrictions Reduced by:-70% Irrigation, - 10% Industry, - 30% Domestic. Current water requirements 700 ML / day, Restricted demand is 353 ML / d, Current abstractions 329 ML /d

KZN-DWS Provincial office

If restrictions are maintained and adequately implemented system should recover by mid 2016

Irrigation and Industry has achieved reduction targets

UMhlathuze and uThungulu Municipality

A transfer scheme from Chennel’s dam has just been commissioned



Water Scheme Extensions - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 2 940 000.00

Klipfontein Dam Implemented Restrictions: Reduced by: 55% irrigation, -20% domestic-Current Demands: 50ML/d-Restricted Supply to: 40 Ml /d

1.KZN-DWS Provincial Office

Boreholes R 11 550 000.00 Zululand District Municipality

Spring Protection R 4 320 000.00 Abaqulusi Local Municipality.

Refurbishment & Upgrades R 17 500 000.00 KZN-DWS Provincial office


Ulundi WTW - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 2 200 000.00

Hluhluwe Dam Implemented water restrictions. Reduced by:

40% restriction for irrigation-10% restrictions for domestic. Current Demands: 40 ML/d. Restrict Supply to: 30 ML/d

KZN-DWS Provincial office

Ingwavuma Drought Relief - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 5 497 135.00 Umkhanyakude District Municipality

Mtuba to Kwamsane Bulk Pipeline - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 22 766 508.00

Hluhluwe Phase 2 Upgrade - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 13 177 327.00

Phase 4 Mtubatuba Emergency - Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 10 305 857.00

Mhlatuze Water Tanks R 2 000 000.00

Mhlatuze Interim Water Tankering R 8 982 876.24


Interim Water Tankering (UKDM) R 19 651 272.00

Lake Merthley Restrictions implemented: Reduced by: 30% initially and as at September 2015 increased to 60%

Unrestricted Demand: 5Ml/day-Restricted Demand:4.2 Ml/day- Reduced Demand:1.6Ml/day

KZN-DWS Provincial Office

Connection of the boreholes into the supply system by the 10 August 2015. Current borehole augmentation is 0.8ML.

uMzinyathi


Uthukela Water (Tayside) Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 5 034 240.00

WCWDM (Sibongile)Refurbishment & Upgrades

R 1 966 500.00



Buffalo system – (Donald Mchardy, Preston, Mpate Dams)

Restrictions Implemented: reduced by: 30 % for Domestic 100 % for irrigation

Amajuba, Umzinyathi Municipality, NWRIB for releases



Crystal Springs Dam – Kokstad

Water shedding in place per area Harry Gwala Water Restrictions in Place: This is as a result of internal water leaks and limited storage (2.5 mega litre existing and 2.5mgl additional required).



Refurbishment & Upgrade R 9 800 000.00

Water Tanks R 400 000.00

Table 4b: Free State Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought

System/Dam/Municipality No of Households affected Recommendations/Interventions Budget

Thabo Mofutsanyane DM Groundwater augmentation R60.03 million

Fezile Dabi DM 34.73 million

Xhariep DM R 48.76 million

Lejweleputswa DM R 23.84 million

Thabo Mofutsanyane DM Water tankering R 10.26 million

Fezile Dabi DM R 8.64 million



Thabo Mofutsanyane DM Valve Management Programme R 9.64 million

Fezile Dabi DM R 6.42 million



Fezile Dabi DM Water Conservation/Water Demand Management (unfunded projects) R33 million

Thabo Mofutsanyana DM R6 million

Lejweleputswa DM R11.98 million

Thabo Mofutsanyane DM Capacity Measurement of Stand alone dams R 3.2 million

Fezile Dabi DM R 875 000

Xhariep DM R 875 000

Lejweleputswa DM R 525 000

Table 4c: Western Cape Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought

System/Dam/Municipality No of Households affected

Recommendations/Interventions Budget Actions Responsibility Time Frame Current Status

Zoar Scheme Eden District (Kannaland Municipality)

1495 (5085) Water demand management initiative

a.) Public awareness campaign b) Water restrictions implemented (domestic / commercial) c. Mutual arrangement between the Municipality and the Agricultural sector on water schedule management in times of drought d) Water loss investigation in Zoar conveyance system e) Water meter replacement and reservoir level control measures

Kannaland Municipality. DWS - Western Cape

Jun-15 Water conservation and demand management initiative in place.

Water source augmentation initiatives in Zoar

Ongoing, project cost R900 000.00

a) Facilitated negotiations between Department of Agriculture (Casidra) and Kannaland Municipality for shared use of Jongensland dam (irrigation supply to state owned farm).

Kannaland Municipality Department of Agriculture

Water pipeline already connected.

Groundwater Investigation a) Groundwater exploratory Drilling to be investigated. b) 4 Production boreholes to be established

Kannaland Municipality Before next Summer season

To be implemented

Klein Karoo Rural Supply Scheme

55 (205) The Klein Karoo rural water supply scheme is under severe pressure due to declining borehole yield.

Bulk funding for conveyance, and additional reservoirs amounting to R200 million estimate. Short term interventions, estimated at R65 million

a) A technical task was established to look at the identification of short, medium and long term interventions and to compile a technical and a management report.

Provincial Disaster Management; Eden District; Oudtshoorn local municipality. DWS

Ongoing Still awaiting draft reports

Eden District (Outshoorn Municipality)

1564 (6382)

Augmentation Intervention for High risk areas, De Rust, Dysselsdorp and the farming community

These include: 1. Preliminary options - Blossoms well field water diverted along the Klip River, abstracted near Olifants river confluence, send through package treatment plant and put into KKRWWS. - Clearing of Alien vegetation along Klip River. - Cason in Olifants River to augment Dysselsdorp. - De Rust connection from the KKRWWS - Infrastructure Pipeline from the Klipriver to Oudtshoorn to Dysseldorp. Upgrade bottleneck in Klein Karoo Rural Water Supply System (KKRWSS) pipeline system

Breede-Gouritz CMA Different role players is involved in the technical task team

Gouritzmond 428 (856) Overberg water currently supply Witsand, Slangrivier, Heidelberg and surrounding farmers with water

1. Municipality re-allocation negotiation is currently in progress between the Overberg Water (retail user’s versa domestic users).

Hessequa Municipality,Overberg Water, DWS

Ongoing In the process of negotiating the reallocations

Witsand Scheme 560 (1120) Witsand experience water supply shortages during the Peak season (16 Dec – 5 Jan), otherwise supply is sufficient.

Ongoing

Wittewater Bergriver Municipality

293 (1171) The Department of Local Government approved R1, 145, 000 for the rehabilitation of water infrastructure in Wittewater which will be implemented in two phases.

R 1 145 000 a. Refurbishment of boreholes- Removal of alien vegetation at the natural source- Replacement of chlorine dosing pump - Rehabilitation / repairs to inlet structure, and - Upgrading of booster and filter pump stations

Local Government Bergriver Municipality

Refurbishment of boreholes testing and repairs will be completed by the end of June 2015

Cleaning / removal of alien vegetation at approximately 70% completion, 23 people from the community appointed.

Central Karoo District Interventions implemented in Laingsburg, Prince Albert and Beaufort West

MISG funds (R400 000) transferred to Municipality during December 2014 .

a) Laingsburg - No water shortages in Town only in farms b) Prince Albert - No water problems in town currently (received above normal winter rains) Construction of a water storage tank c) Beaufort West - Beaufort West area received some winter rains - Re-use plant only operating at 60% capacity

Central Karoo Municipality

On going

Table 4d: Limpopo Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought



Msukaligwa 40934 • Temporary pipeline installed and completed

R56 million DWS MP Completed

• Refurbishment of Northern and Southern WTW completed

R48 million Completed

• Construction of permanent pipeline in progress

R30 million Ongoing

• Upgrades of the electrical works in the Northern WTW under procurement by Rand Water.

R10 million

• Immediate interventions (WWTW)

R15 million

Chief Albert Luthuli 49201 • Construction of 5 ML package plant completed at Mayflower WTW.

R8.9 million DWS MP Completed Water Services related problems due poor infrastructure performance at the abstraction point and point of treatment

• Construction of pressure filters in Carolina for the treatment of heavy chemicals was completed


• Upgrading of Carolina WTW is still ongoing and scheduled for completion

R21.6 million Ongoing

• Construction of 4 Ml reservoir in Carolina and it will be completed


Bushbuckridge 146720 • Additional 50 ML capacity of Inyaka WTW constructed and completed

DWS MP Completed Water Supply delivery problems due to water delivery failures

• Phase 1 reticulation project completed


• Phase 2 commissioned and is ongoing. Details of projects is contained in Rand Water (RW) presentation

R600 million Ongoing

Nkomazi 102145 • MIG funding reprioritised by the municipality to focus on water and sanitation projects.

• MWIG funding R128 million will be allocated

DWS MP Service delivery challenges due to lack of water supply

• Refurbishment of two WWTW’s Mhlatikop and Komatipoort are in progress

Ongoing

• Two RBIG projects (Driekoppies and Sibange) to address bulk water requirement will be presented for approval on 29 Jan 2015.

Construction will start in 2015/16 FY.

• Immediate interventions (WC/WDM)

R10 million

Mbombela 177649 • MIG funding reprioritised by the municipality to focus on water and sanitation projects.

• MWIG R40 million will be allocated in 2016/17 FY

DWS MP Service delivery challenges due to continuous lack of water supply and illegal connections

• Refurbishment and upgrading of Kanyamazane WTW and it will be completed in July 2015.



R10 million

Govan Mbeki 89181 • Refurbishment of Evander WWTW in progress to be completed in March 2015.

DWS MP Completed Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

• Immediate interventions (refurbishment WWTW, Sewer network)

R30 million

Lekwa 31167 • Refurbishment of Standerton of WTW and will be completed at the end of January 2015

R20 million DWS MP Completed Water services protest due to poor water quality and water supply

• Immediate interventions (WWTW refurbish)

R12 million Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

Thaba Chweu 34652 • MWIG scope of work covers internal bulk, refurbishment/upgrades and reticulation.

• MWIG funding R8 0 million will allocated in 2016/17 FY

DWS MP Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

• Refurbishment of Lydenburg WTW to improve water quality in progress and it will be completed in 2015

R1.1 million Completed Non-compliant of water quality impacting on water supply

• Immediate interventions (WWTW refurbishment)

R15 million Non-revenue water not accounted for

Emalahleni 92822 • Upgrading and refurbishment of the infrastructure interventions

R129 million DWS MP Water services protest due to poor water quality and water supply

• MTEF allocation • An amount of R771m is still required and R140m is available in the MTEF allocation.

• Immediate interventions R50 million

Table 4e: Mpumalanga Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought



Msukaligwa 40934 • Temporary pipeline installed and completed

R56 million DWS MP Completed

• Refurbishment of Northern and Southern WTW completed


• Construction of permanent pipeline in progress

R30 million Ongoing

• Upgrades of the electrical works in the Northern WTW under procurement by Rand Water.

R10 million

• Immediate interventions (WWTW)

R15 million

Chief Albert Luthuli 49201 • Construction of 5 ML package plant completed at Mayflower WTW.

R8.9 million DWS MP Completed Water Services related problems due poor infrastructure performance at the abstraction point and point of treatment

• Construction of pressure filters in Carolina for the treatment of heavy chemicals was completed


• Upgrading of Carolina WTW is still ongoing and scheduled for completion


• Construction of 4 Ml reservoir in Carolina and it will be completed


Bushbuckridge 146720 • Additional 50 ML capacity of Inyaka WTW constructed and completed

DWS MP Completed Water Supply delivery problems due to water delivery failures

• Phase 1 reticulation project completed


• Phase 2 commissioned and is ongoing. Details of projects is contained in Rand Water (RW) presentation

R600 million Ongoing

Nkomazi 102145 • MIG funding reprioritised by the municipality to focus on water and sanitation projects.

• MWIG funding R128 million will be allocated

DWS MP Service delivery challenges due to lack of water supply

• Refurbishment of two WWTW’s Mhlatikop and Komatipoort are in progress

Ongoing

• Two RBIG projects (Driekoppies and Sibange) to address bulk water requirement will be presented for approval on 29 Jan 2015.

Construction will start in 2015/16 FY.


R10 million

Mbombela 177649 • MIG funding reprioritised by the municipality to focus on water and sanitation projects.

• MWIG R40 million will be allocated in 2016/17 FY

DWS MP Service delivery challenges due to continuous lack of water supply and illegal connections

• Refurbishment and upgrading of Kanyamazane WTW and it will be completed in July 2015.



R10 million

Govan Mbeki 89181 • Refurbishment of Evander WWTW in progress to be completed in March 2015.

DWS MP Completed Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

• Immediate interventions (refurbishment WWTW, Sewer network)

R30 million

Lekwa 31167 • Refurbishment of Standerton of WTW and will be completed at the end of January 2015

R20 million DWS MP Completed Water services protest due to poor water quality and water supply

• Immediate interventions (WWTW refurbish)

R12 million Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

Thaba Chweu 34652 • MWIG scope of work covers internal bulk, refurbishment/upgrades and reticulation.

• MWIG funding R8 0 million will allocated in 2016/17 FY

DWS MP Non-compliant Waste Water effluent impacting on water resources

• Refurbishment of Lydenburg WTW to improve water quality in progress and it will be completed in 2015

R1.1 million Completed Non-compliant of water quality impacting on water supply

• Immediate interventions (WWTW refurbishment)

R15 million Non-revenue water not accounted for

Emalahleni 92822 • Upgrading and refurbishment of the infrastructure interventions

R129 million DWS MP Water services protest due to poor water quality and water supply

• MTEF allocation • An amount of R771m is still required and R140m is available in the MTEF allocation.

• Immediate interventions R50 million

Table 4f: Northern Cape Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought



Hantam (Brandvlei) Municipality

795 (3660) Source development along the route of existing pump main, 10 boreholes to be drilled

R4.454 million

Serious water restrictions to be implemented if drought continues. Business plan already submitted

IA -Local Municipality

July – Oct 2015

As there is no electricity supply at the boreholes, water is abstracted using diesel-powered generators powering conventional 3 –phase submersible pumps.

Hantam (Loeriesfontein) Municipality

980 (3108) Equipped one more borehole and connect to existing pump main

R3 million Water restrictions have been implemented. Water is only supplied between 06h00 to 09h00 and between 18h00 and 21h00.


July – Oct 2015

Severe water restrictions have been implemented. Municipality have commenced carting water initially from Nieuwoudtville, some 60kms south of Loeriefontein.

Karoo Hoogland (Williston) Municipality

882 (3612) Equipment of one borehole. Installation of power line & control box

R1.5 million Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Oct 2015

In January 2015, the main production boreholes have declined with an average of 10m.

Karoo Hoogland (Fraserburg) Municipality

887 (3936) Water scares area. Telemetry installation is needed to prevent over abstraction

R 450 000 Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring. Business plan was approved and submitted


ongoing Water for now is sufficient. The municipality must avoid over-abstraction to minimise aquifer impact.

Kamiesberg (Garies) Municipality

476 (1787) Equipping of 2 boreholes (damwal BH (solar), Roodeberg Gat (electric)

R 500 000 Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Aug 2015

Kamiesberg (Spoegrivier) Municipality

161 (575) Equipping of boreholes R 300 000 Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Aug 2015

Kamiesberg (Klipfontein) 135 (560) Equipping of boreholes R 200 000 Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Aug 2015

Town experience a shortage of water. A breakage of water of water supply is becoming more common.

Kamiesberg (Hondeklip Bay) Municipality

363 (1142) Emergency pipeline from Koiingnaas to reservoir in Hondeklip Bay

R2.1 million Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Oct 2015

Hondeklip Bay’s remaining water resources have been depleted. An emergency pipeline from nearby town was implemented.

Richtersveld (Khubus) Municipality

160 (662) 3 Boreholes to be drilled, equipped of boreholes

R2.25 million

Severe water restrictions have been implemented. Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Oct 2015

All sources have been depleted. Municipality uses a stock water borehole for water supply.

Ubuntu (Loxton) Municipality 393 (1142) Exploration of sources in the bokpoort aquifer , drilling of 4 boreholes

R2.25 million

Local municipality / DWS to continue water level monitoring


July - Oct 2015

The main borehole’s water level has declined to critical. Experiencing water shortages.

Kareeberg (Van Wyksvlei Municipality

471 (2016) Equipping of borehole to increase pressure

R7.5 million Feasibility study is almost done for a long – term solution.


July - Oct 2015

Town have no water. Currently water is been carter from nearest town (54km).

Carter of water from Carnarvon (70 Km away)

R4.5 million IA -Local Municipality

July 2015 - July 2017

Kareeberg (Vosburg) Municipality

443 (2043) Refurbishment of pump main R1.43 million

DWS have an approve business plan.


July - Oct 2015

Town have a shortage of water, but can become serious if WCDM is not implemented on main sources

Emthanjeni (De Aar) Municipality

4973 (20791) Refurbishment of boreholes and fountain

R5.3 million DWS have an approve business plan.


July - Oct 2015

Town have a shortage of water, but can become serious.

Kai!Garib Municipality 675 (2473) Purchasing of 6 water trucks R8.4 million Municipalities did apply for MIG (BP approved) funding for implementing water treatment plants for some of these towns.


July - Oct 2015

These communities do not have infrastructure and rely on other water schemes to supply water via water trucks.

Joe Morolong (23 Settlements) Municipality

7199 (31709) a) Refurbishment of boreholes R7.5 million Water services operating subsidy (WSOS)grant is being use to refurbish non-functional boreholes but are also limited.


July 2015 - June 2016

23 settlements main boreholes dried-up and experience a lack of water.

b) Catering of water from nearby settlements that have sufficient water

R7.5 million Funder – DWS (DWS-NC MWIG/WSOS is utilised, but not sufficient)

Ga-Segonyana Municipality 3060 (12609) Borehole to be drilled, equipped of boreholes, connection to pump main

R10.499 million

The WSOS grant was use to provide some relief but more sources needs to be find to provide sufficient relief.


July - Oct 2015

Water supply is sufficient for now. Aquifer is under pressure because of over abstraction and limited rain.

Table 4g: Gauteng Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought


Recommendations/Interventions Budget Actions Responsibility Time Frame

Current Status

West Rand DM Water supply R7 million Replace water tankers with pipeline and stand pipes

Waiting for procurement and appointment of contractors

West Rand DM Water supply R5 million Replace water tankers with pipeline and stand pipes


West Rand DM Water supply R4.5 million Replace water tankers with pipeline and stand pipes




West Rand DM Water supply R 2.9 million

Replace water tankers with pipeline and stand pipes




WCWDM R5 million Addressing high water consumption due to leaks that are unattended in Munsiville area (Mogale City)

Waiting for the appointment of the implementing Agent.

Refurbishment R5 million Refurbishment of the Randfontein Wastewater Treatment Works to restore normal operation of the works

Waiting for the appointment of the implementing Agent.

Table 4i: North West Summary of Recommendations for the most critical systems experiencing drought

System/Dam/Municipality

No of Households affected

Recommendations/Interventions

Budget Actions Responsibility Time Frame Current Status

Marico River system (Sehujwane Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 60% for Domestic. NW- DWS Provincial office

Restrictions not yet implemented. Government Gazette draft prepared.

Supplement water supply from emergency boreholes to be drilled

WSA’s to conduct groundwater investigations with technical support from NW groundwater unit at DWS

NW Geohydro, LMs

Ongoing

Tankering WSA’s to address tankering WSA For the duration of the restrictions on the dam supply

-Intensify WCDM Municipalities / DWS

2016 – 2019

Marico River system (Pella Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 50% for Domestic Publishing of Government Gazette Notice

NW- DWS Provincial office

Restrictions ongoing until May 2016, or until dam has recovered

Restrictions not yet implemented. Government Gazette draft prepared.



NW Geohydro, LMs

Ongoing



2016 – 2019

Marico River system (Molatedi Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 50% for Domestic- 75% for Irrigation

Sedibeng Water / Botswana Water Utilities Corporation

Restrictions ongoing until 30 October 2015, when when it will be reviewed i.t.o. the operating rule, or until dam has recovered sufficiently

Restrictions implemented w.e.f. 3 July 2015.

Current requirements 23.1 million m3/annum. After revision of agreement, allocations would be reduced to 16.1 million m3/annum

Dam will be empty in Apr16 if no rain occurs in 2015/16 summer



NW Geohydro, LMs

Ongoing



2016 – 2019

Marico River system (Marico-Bosveld and Kromellenboog Dams)

Implement water restrictions: 15% restriction on irrigation water supply

NW – DWS office

Start October 2015

Kromellenboog 9.7%. M-Bosveld 54.3%

Elands River system (Koster Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 50% for Domestic -75% for Irrigation

NW- DWS Provincial office

Restrictions ongoing until May 2016, or until dam has recovered sufficiently

Restrictions not yet implemented.



NW Geohydro, LMs

Ongoing



2016 – 2019

Elands River system (Swartruggens Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 40% for Domestic NW- DWS Provincial office


Government Gazette draft prepared.Restrictions not yet implemented.



NW Geohydro, LMs

Ongoing



2016 – 2019

Elands River system (Lindleyspoort Dam)

Implement water restrictions Reduce by:- 15% for Irrigation NW- DWS Provincial office


Government Gazette draft prepared.Restrictions not yet implemented.

5. Conclusions

There are a number of interventions measures that can be applied to mitigate drought sufferings. These include water supply restriction, water loss

minimization, groundwater augmentation, water conservation and demand management, tanks supplies, public awareness, staff capacitation, etc.

But implementation practicality and suitability of these measures vary from place to place and/or from time to time.

The Drought Committee is planning a workshop for sharing and capacitation of officials - especially those on the ground in the provinces - on how

to identify and prioritize such drought mitigation measures.

Figure 2 - Drought SA...drought, the temporal trend suggests that it will not be long before it is...

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Transcript of Figure 2 - Drought SA...drought, the temporal trend suggests that it will not be long before it is...