AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Aid in the management and European comparisonof Municipal Solid WASte Treatment methods

for a global and sustainable approach

Fifth Framework Program

University of Stuttgart

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

WP 1 - Waste Matter Aspects:Characterisation and Data Processing

Roland Fehringer

Vienna University of Technology

Institute for Water Quality and Waste Management

http://www.iwa.tuwien.ac.at

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Three Messages

Use the method material flow analysis (MFA)

Use different approaches to determine waste composition

Keep in mind the whole system

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

What is MFA?

system boundary

P C

Rstock

I

R W

E1

E2

P

Assessment of flows and stocks in a defined systembased on the mass balance principle

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Why MFA ?

Rigid method: input = output + stock Easily understandable Transparent results 25 years experience Incorporation into jurisdiction

Delivers clear and comparable results MFA is a powerful tool for co-ordination that

guarantees that the work of all partners can be linked together

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

AWAST System - Level 1

collection& transport

of waste(CT)

wasteOWP

system boundary "AWAST"

other wasterelevant pro-cesses (OWP)

private house-hold (PHH)

trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)

wasteTIBS

(recycling)productswaste

PHH

importedwaste

residues

emissionsCT

resourcesCT

untreatedwaste

pretreatedwaste

treatedwaste

waste totreatment

emissionsTW

neighbouringregion (NR)

treatmentof waste

(TW)

transportof treatedwaste (T)

landfill(L)

suppliesTW

resourcesTW

emissionsT

resourcesT

emissionsL

resourcesL

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

environment(ENV)

trade, industry,buseiness, service

(TIBS)

trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)

suppliesCT

suppliesL

trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)

suppliesT

trade, industry,business, service

(TIBS)

trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

AWAST System - Levels

WP4 COLLECTION WP5 BIOLOGICAL T. WP6 THERMAL T.

PLANT

LINK

OVERVIEW

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Mixed Waste Matrix

mass flux share water content Cl Cd[kg/(cap.a)] [g/100g of m.w.] [g/kg of m.w.]wet basis wet basis wet basis

wood 6 2 6 20 0,0 paper 75 25 50 560 0,4 glass 21 7 2 48 0,1 ferrous metals 9 3 2 20 0,0 nonferrous metals 3 1 1 24 0,3 plastics 33 11 13 4.840 2,9 textiles 9 3 4 144 0,3 organic waste 90 30 195 788 0,1

others (bulky waste, inert materials, batteries, etc.) 54 18 81 495 2,0 total 300 100 353 6.937 6,1

mixed waste(m.w.)

[mg/kg m.w.]wet basis

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Methods to determine waste composition

production consump-tion waste

wastetreatment

(WT)

WTproducts

direct analysis

analysis by

market research

analysis of waste

treatment products

products

2b 1 32a

analysis of

household statistics

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Example: Paper in MSW

Source: Die Österreichische Papierindustrie 1996, ARO Report 1996

[kg/c.y]

import 73wastepaper191

import 93

export 368

86consum-

ption179re

cycl

ing

118 export 13

libraries,archives, etc. ?

ind. 81

HH 50

MSW 48

production454

wastepaper131

• production

• export

• import

• recycling

• amount of MSW

data requirement

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

MSW incineration plant Spittelau

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Analysis of Waste Treatment Products

Knowledge: Transfer functions for treated waste and substance (Cd)

Concentration of substance (Cd) in filter ash

off gas (0,71)

bottom ash (0.23)

filter cake (<0.01)

waste water (<0.01)

filter ash (0.02)

scrap (0,03)

off gas (<0,01)

bottom ash (0.09)

filter cake (<0.01)

waste water (<0.01)

filter ash (0.90)

house

hold

wast

e (

1)

house

hold

wast

e (

1)

cad

miu

m

waste

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Analysis of Waste Treatment Products

Source: SGP-VA

Off-gas

Waste Water

Filter Cake

Scrap Metal

Bottom Ash

Filter-Ash

Boiler Ash

WaterAlkaline Process WaterAcidic Process Water

H2O

MSW

FURNACE BOILER ESP FLUE GAS CLEANING DENOX

WASTE WATERTREATMENT

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Decision support by MFA

Consumption

Incineration Landfill

40 160

Packaging view

Consumption

Recycling Incineration Landfill

80 70 600

Waste management view

Consumption

Recycling Incineration Landfill

80 20 100

Packaging ordinance view

Consumption

Recycling Incineration Landfill

1150

80 70 600

+600

+400

Materials management view

Plastics / plastics packaging [1.000 t/a]

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Organisation of WP 1

Leader IWA, Vienna University of Technology (22 months)

Contributions Resource Management Agency (11) BRGM (3) University of Stuttgart (2)

Duration January 2000 till September 2002

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Objectives and results of WP 1

Results

AWAST system

3 methodswaste matrix

MFA manual

Still going on

Objectives

o To define the data structure

o To characterise the waste input

o Guidelines for the use of MFA

o Transfer of know-how

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Conclusions

Use the method MFA

Use different approaches to determine the waste composition

Keep in mind the whole system

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Outlook

The application of the Simulator and the use of the MFA Handbook give us a fundament to

describe waste management systemscompare these uniform systems

With that knowledge we can learn why a waste management system (of a city, region) is successful.

Now we can describe the waste management system. In the future we have to evaluate and control it.

AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003

Thank you