Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Fiber Network Infrastructure Master PlanFINAL-May 2017

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__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________City of Modesto - LINKModesto 3Fiber Network Infrastructure Master PlanMay 2017 | FINAL

Table of Contents

Executive Summary............................................................................................................................... 5

I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 6

Purpose of Document ................................................................................................................. 6

Document Organization............................................................................................................... 6

II. Vision ......................................................................................................................................... 7

LinkMODESTO Vision ................................................................................................................. 7

Fiber Network Benefits ................................................................................................................ 8

III. Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................ 10

About Modesto .......................................................................................................................... 10

Description of Existing Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 12

IV. Needs and Gap Analysis......................................................................................................... 16

Needs Assessment ................................................................................................................... 16

Gap Analysis ............................................................................................................................. 21

V. LinkMODESTO Citywide Fiber Network ................................................................................. 23

Ultimate Network Build-out Description ...................................................................................... 23

Network Cost Estimate .............................................................................................................. 25

Alternative Network Considerations ........................................................................................... 25

VI. Fiber Network Implementation ............................................................................................... 27

Implementation Phases ............................................................................................................. 27

Project Descriptions by Phase ................................................................................................... 29

Last Mile Connection ................................................................................................................. 31

Pilot Project............................................................................................................................... 36

Alternative Implementation Strategies ....................................................................................... 39

VII. Operations and Maintenance .................................................................................................. 40

Costs and Resources ................................................................................................................ 40

Other Costs............................................................................................................................... 40

VIII. Funding ................................................................................................................................... 42

Telecommunication Cost Savings.............................................................................................. 42

Commercial Client Service Fees ............................................................................................... 42

Grant Funding ........................................................................................................................... 42

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Fiber Network Infrastructure Master PlanMay 2017 | FINAL

IX. Commercial Service Considerations ...................................................................................... 43

Municipal Broadband Success Stories....................................................................................... 43

Fiber optic Deployment and Service in Other California Cities ................................................... 46

Governance and Service Models ............................................................................................... 47

X. Construction and Implementation .......................................................................................... 49

Implementation ......................................................................................................................... 49

Design and Construction Documents......................................................................................... 50

Appendices ........................................................................................................................................... 52

A. Glossary of TermsB. Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results (November 2016)C. Cost Estimate – by PhaseD. Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report (February 13, 2017)E. Fiber optic Cable Cut SheetsF. Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009


EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThere are more than 450 communities across the country running broadband networks as public utilitieswith success stories in lowering Internet costs for residents, encouraging economic development, andimproving overall telecom services. This LinkModesto Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan provides avision and implementation roadmap for the City of Modesto’s City-wide fiber optic network. The City’sLinkMODESTO vision includes the following three vision elements:

1. Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication technologies forModesto.

2. Support existing local business and welcome new growth.3. Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.

Each of these elements culminate into the main goal of providing a robust citywide communication networkwith commercial capabilities. The new system will provide many benefits to the City, its staff, businesses,schools, and residents, as well as other stakeholders in the City of Modesto. The new fiber network providesa scalable and flexible system that will assist in increasing the City’s network efficiency, reduce operationsand maintenance costs, while also attracting businesses and emerging industries to the City of Modesto.

The City currently utilizes fiber optic cable for traffic signal communications and contracts with third partyvendors like Comcast for internet service for City use. A review of existing needs within the City, includingexisting City facility network requirements, yielded the desire and need for a robust fiber optic networkcapable of achieving speeds of up to 100Gbps to connect City facilities. Furthermore, a business surveyconducted by Opportunity Stanislaus showed most businesses are interested in increased speeds, andacknowledged the opportunities that this type of service would create (i.e. job creation, business retention,etc.).

The Master Plan also covers how the network can ultimately be built-out with prioritized implementationphases, and identifies pilot project options for an opportunity to work out implementation and constructiondetails before building out the full network. Finally, the Master Plan discusses the operations andmaintenance of the network, funding for the implementation of the network, commercial service andgovernance, and other construction considerations.



I. INTRODUCTIONPurpose of DocumentThe purpose of this document is to provide a Master Plan and Implementation Roadmap to guide fiber opticnetwork infrastructure deployment and service offerings in the City of Modesto. This Master Planestablishes the LinkMODESTO vision for this project and the role that the City can play in meetingcommunications and networking needs within the City. It provides a summary of the City’s current municipaland commercial business communications infrastructure, as well as future needs for the network expansionand services. The Master Plan also covers how the network can ultimately be built-out with prioritizedimplementation phases, and identifies pilot project options for an opportunity to work out implementationand construction details before building out the full network. Finally, the Master Plan discusses theoperations and maintenance of the network, funding for the implementation of the network, commercialservice and governance, and other construction considerations.

Document OrganizationThis LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan is organized as follows:

Vision – This section lists the vision elements of the LinkMODESTO vision, key stakeholders and thebenefits this project presents to them, and other future opportunities this project will afford the City.

Existing Conditions – This section provides an overview of the City and summarizes the current existingCity-owned and commercial infrastructure.

Needs and Gap Analysis – This section reviews the infrastructure needs and goals, the communicationsneeds for the City and commercial clients, and the communications goals of this Plan. It discusses the gapbetween the City and commercial clients’ needs and how feasible this project is to bridge that gap.

LinkMODESTO Citywide Fiber Network – This section provides discussion about how the Plan will bebuilt out, how much it will likely cost, and some alternative network considerations.

Fiber Network Implementation – This section discusses the prioritized phases that the network is brokendown into. The details and cost of each phase is discussed, along with how the City facilities andcommercial clients will connect to the network and the recommended pilot project for the network.

Operations and Maintenance – This section breaks down what will need to be done to operate andmaintain the system, who will do it, and how much it will cost.

Funding – This section explains methods the City can use to procure the necessary funds to construct thisproject, as well as ways to create cost savings and charge commercial clients for service.

Commercial Service Considerations – This section details commercial service provided by other cities,giving the City different possibilities for governance and service.

Construction Considerations – This section discusses the general design process and requirements forthe fiber optic cable, as well as how it should be procured and designed.


II. VISIONLinkMODESTO VisionIn preparation for this project, the City and Kimley-Horn conducted several visioning workshops with keyCity stakeholders to establish the overall vision for the LinkMODESTO efforts. With the main goal ofproviding a robust citywide communication network with commercial capabilities, the following vision itemswere identified to be of the highest priority to stakeholders.

Vision Element #1Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication technologies for Modesto.

This element encompasses the main purpose of the LinkMODESTO project. Stakeholders have expresseddesire to interconnect City buildings and streets via this fiber optic network, as well as connecting the manyschools, hospitals, airport, and local business, including non-profits. The benefits of having a complete androbust communication network are tangible and will provide the environment Modesto is interested in havingfor years to come. Along with the interconnection benefits, the project will provide cost savings to Cityoperations cost, removing the need to pay third parties like Verizon or Comcast to lease fiber optic cablefor these services.

Following the initial investment, this project is a feasible revenue generator for the City. The City can leasefiber optic cable strand to commercial clients, treating the service like a utility and bringing in additionalrevenue. This will provide the City with the desired return on investment, and will be a system that willbenefit the City for decades to come.

Vision Element #2Support existing local business and welcome new growth.

The vibrant future of Modesto rests in the hands of the businesses and residents. For that reason, the Cityknows that providing a welcoming environment for business and residents is key. This project will supportthe existing broad range of businesses, like software businesses and hospitals. The City also knows thatwelcoming new business into the area is Key to maintain the City’s vision of an up and coming City with anexcellent business climate. Providing these types of amenities may attract emerging industries and

LinkMODESTO Vision Elements

Vision Element #1Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication

technologies for Modesto.

Vision Element #2Support existing local business and welcome new growth.

Vision Element #3Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.



business to the area. The affordability of the area, as well as proximity to other business hubs like the BayArea, is expected to attract such industries as BioTech, EduTech, AgTech, Telehealth, makermanufacturing, and banking and finance. Fostering an environment for these and existing businesses willprovide the City and residents with the desired growth of the developing City.

Vision Element #3Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.

As the future of technology unfolds, many Cities around the country are also expanding their visions toaccommodate. New technologies like connected vehicles and autonomous systems are on the horizon,and are heavily dependent on communications infrastructure like that which is under consideration as partof the LinkMODESTO project. The City wants to ensure that the system will allow the most efficient use ofcurrent services, as well as provide capacity for the future. By having these increased service capacities,the City is well equipped to facilitate private-public partnerships that can aid in commercial business growthin the City. The new system could provide the opportunity to support services and infrastructure for thefollowing examples of burgeoning technology:

· Expanded mobile communications andintegration

· City-wide public Wi-Fi· Smart Meters/ Smart Grid· Utility System Monitoring· Adaptive Traffic Signal Control

· Connected Vehicles· Online Traffic Signals/Video Cameras· Cloud Services/ Offsite Backup/

Colocation· Public Safety– monitoring cameras,

automatic license plate readers, etc.

Fiber Network BenefitsThe intent of this project is to benefit as many stakeholders in the City as possible – these stakeholdersinclude, but are not limited to, the City of Modesto and its various departments, businesses in the area,local hospitals, utility companies, and schools. This project will have direct benefits to the existingstakeholders, as well as provide the opportunity for potential stakeholders to benefit in the future. Privateinternet service providers are not expanding services in the area, giving the City the opportunity to fill thisneed. With this project, the City is investing in the community and will immediately gain a new City-ownedasset that benefits both the City and local businesses. Fiber networks are intelligent, flexible, and scalable,as the needs of the City and area grow, expand, and change, the system can do the same. This makes afiber system very well suited to the needs of the City and its various stakeholders, and will continue to servethe community for years to come.

The City can make the network available to commercial clients, providing more services for commercialclients and allowing them to expand their businesses in Modesto while generating revenue for the City. Afiber network is highly applicable to emerging industries, and providing the necessary services will allow forthese businesses to grow in Modesto as opposed to leaving to go elsewhere. AgTech and BioTechcompanies need high speed connections for research and finance and banking firms need high speedconnections and security. Call centers, testing centers, and data centers all rely heavily on high speednetworks to run their operations.


The City will also benefit from the expanded network. City departments can improve the operations andmaintenance of their own existing utilities - utility usage can be tracked with smart meters over the network,allowing utility companies to accurately track the usage and create cost savings for the City. A farther-reaching fiber network with better, faster, and expanded online services, increasing the efficiency ofoperations and reducing costs. Emergency services can benefit from this project by giving them better,more readily available access to the network. City fire stations will have faster access to information,allowing them to better respond to emergencies. Leak detection and other utility or existing Cityinfrastructure problems would be faster and more “real-time” over a fiber network, allowing for betterincident management. Healthcare facilities, such as the Kaiser Hospital in the Northwest corner of the City,can use the strengthened communications infrastructure to better improve their services.

Using SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition software) and the new fiber network, the City canimprove security by quickly accumulating more data from more City locations. This allows law enforcementto better perform their duties as they can monitor more effectively for any possible incidents. Other ways toimprove security include more security cameras bringing real-time video feeds back to the policedepartment to monitor and deter criminal activity, or possibly adding automatic license-place recognition(ALPR). These features can be integrated into the current traffic management and/or video managementplatform to bring all this information to one centralized location for easy monitoring.



III. EXISTING CONDITIONSAbout ModestoThe City of Modesto is the largest City in Stanislaus County with a population of approximately 201,000residents as of the 2010 Census. The City is in California’s Central Valley and is an industry leader in farmproduction of dairy, nuts, fruit, wine grapes, and poultry. The City is constantly expanding into otherindustries, and has identified the opportunity to provide a hospitable business environment for BioTechnologies (BioTech), Agricultural Technologies (AgTech), healthcare, education, and finance. Modestois within 100 miles of several metropolitan cities, including San Francisco, the Easy Bay Area, Stockton,and Sacramento, thus making it a great place to expand business. Many businesses have identifiedModesto as a growth point, and the City is working hard to provide amenities so these industries andbusinesses come, stay, and grow within Modesto.

There are four primary areas of Modesto with high density of commercial clients (shown in Figure III.1below): Downtown (inset blow up/bottom left cloud), the Vintage Faire Mall (Location #6), the NortheastBusiness Park (located near Location #44), and the Light Industrial Area near the Airport (bottom rightcloud). No communications infrastructure currently reach the Northeast Business Park or the Light IndustrialArea, and all areas would benefit by having increased communication speed and capacity .

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Figure III.1: Commercial Client High Density Areas



Description of Existing Infrastructure

Existing City InfrastructureThe City of Modesto currently utilizes a combination of aerial and in-ground fiber optic cables for Citycommunications – primarily used for the advanced traffic management system (ATMS) that controls theCity’s signal system. There is also a fiber-optic connection between City Hall and the Police Departmentdowntown. The City leases space on the Modesto Irrigation District’s aerial poles for fiber where conduit isnot available or existing. The in-ground fiber optic cable is mainly located in the downtown district whereaerial is not present, but is also located around the City. Refer to Figure III.2 above for existing fiber opticcable and conduit locations. In addition, the City is working with private-sector communications companies(e.g. CVIN, Wave) to install additional empty conduits for City use as these companies build out their fibernetworks.

The City’s existing fiber optic network was mainly funded by federal funds (Congestion Management andAir Quality Funds - CMAQ) and thus cannot be used for commercial purposes. For this reason, the City isexploring the option of installation of an additional, somewhat parallel separate fiber optic network that maybe used for commercial purposes, as well as other City uses. This effort to for a City-wide fiber optic networkis collectively referred to as LinkMODESTO.

For the purposes of City services and inter- and intranet usage, the City subscribes to third party servicesoffered by private telecom companies, like Comcast, to interconnect City facilities with City Hall, which isthe City’s main hub. The following table summarizes the facilities that are connected to City Hall in thismanner. Figure III.2 shows the extent of the City’s infrastructure, as well as the City facilities discussed inTable III.1.


Figure III.2: Existing Communications Infrastructure and City Facilities



Table III.1: City Facility Connections via non-City TelecomSite No. Site Name Site Address

1 City / County Joint Powers AgencyBuilding (Main Network Hub)

1010 10th Street

2 Modesto Police Dept. 600 10th Street3 Marshall Park 420 Chicago Ave4 Northeast Area Command (Sr911) 3705 Oakdale Road5 Southeast Area Command 1550-A Yosemite Blvd6 Northwest Area Command (Vintage Faire

Mall)3401 Dale Road

7 Property Evidence Building 1124 F Street8 Police Department Evidence 11th And G Streets9 Fire Administration 600 11th Street

10 Fire Station 1 610 11th Street11 Fire Station 2 420 Chicago Ave12 Fire Station 3 637 El Vista Ave13 Fire Station 4 1505 Blue Gum Ave14 Fire Station 5 200 W Briggsmore Ave15 Fire Station 6 2700 Standiford Ave16 Fire Station 7 1800 Mable Ave17 Fire Station 8 737 Airport Way18 Fire Station 9 4025 Fara Buindo Drive19 Fire Station 10 148 Imperial Ave20 Fire Station 11 4225 Carver Rd21 Modesto City College 435 College Ave22 Training Center 1220 Fire Science Lane23 Recreation Center 720 Coldwell Ave24 Senior Opportunity Services 416 Downey Ave25 King Kennedy Memorial 601 Martin Luther King26 Modesto Centre Plaza 1000 L Street27 Boy Scout Clubhouse 400 Enslen Ave28 Senior Citizens Center 211 Bodem Street29 McHenry Mansion 906 15th Street30 McHenry Museum 1402 I Street31 American Legion Hall 1021 S.Santa Cruz Ave32 Maddux Youth Center 615 Sierra Drive33 Graceda Park/Mancini Bowl 410 Needham (Needham And

Sycamore)34 John Thurman Field 601 Neece Drive35 Creekside Golf Course 701 Lincoln Avenue36 Dryden Park Golf Course 920 South Sunset Avenue37 Modesto Municipal Golf Course 400 Toulumne Boulevard38 Corporation Yard 501 N.Jefferson Street


Site No. Site Name Site Address39 Bus Maintenance Facility 1609 8th Street40 Transportation Center 9th Street & J Street – Radio Comm41 Airport Terminal 617 Airport Way42 Airport General Aviation 700 Tioga Drive43 Sanitation Plant 1221 Sutter Ave44 Amtrak Station 1700 Held Drive45 Intersection of Hatch and Morgan Hatch and Morgan46 Jennings

Source: City of Modesto IT

Existing Commercial InfrastructureOpportunity Stanislaus, a local advocate and management consultant, sent out a survey on behalf of theCity to businesses in the area regarding existing communications infrastructure available to commercialclients and gauge interest in ISP services. The survey included questions about access to a fiber networkand what internet speed the respondent is current using. Over half of the responding businesses did notcurrently use fiber networks and only one-third were certain that their building or facility capable of receivingfiber network connections. Most businesses are currently using 100 Mb internet connections and the currentmarket is generally offering up to a 250 Mbps internet connection.

Existing Internet Access NodesThere is currently one major carrier-neutral Internet Exchange Point (IXP) Data Center located in DowntownModesto, Ayera Technologies. Ayera is located two blocks from City Hall, potentially allowing for a shortfiber network connection to be built that would allow the city to provide internet access to commercial clients.Ayera provides clients with wireless internet services, colocation services, and web hosting.



IV. NEEDS AND GAP ANALYSISNeeds AssessmentThe LinkMODESTO vision is an overarching goal to provide an environment that is hospitable to businessand technology expansion in the City of Modesto. The City and local businesses and residents will benefitfrom a new communication system to provide the infrastructure to support these goals. The maininfrastructure needs to achieve these ends are identified in this section.

As part of the research for infrastructure needs, a survey of Modesto businesses was conducted byOpportunity Stanislaus to determine what their main needs and desires regarding communications andinternet access. Generally, the survey attempted to determine the following:

· What kind of communications services and speeds businesses are currently being used and beingoffered

· If their facilities are fiber-ready· Desired speeds· How higher speed would impact business, job creation, and job retention

Infrastructure

NeedsThe most important requirement for a resilient and robust system is a new strategically placedcommunications backbone that covers the City and its desired areas of service. The main areas that requirethis kind of service are the City facilities, as well as existing businesses and planned developments aroundthe City that are key to City growth. These areas are identified on Figure IV.1 with respect to land use. Toserve these needs, the design of the backbone will be strategically laid out to cover as many of the facilitiesin such a way that additional infrastructure to complete the connection is minimized (also known as “lastmile” connections). Like other types of utilities, services to buildings away from the main trunk line will stillneed some gap closure work to tie into the back-bone system.

GoalsFigure IV.2 shows the proposed routing of the fiber optic trunk line ring that will serve as the main basispoint for businesses to tie into (primary fiber optic trunk ring in red). This routing should be optimized to alsominimize installation cost and utilize existing infrastructure as much as possible. In the case of this trunkline, the use of Modesto Irrigation District aerial power poles is the most cost-effective, efficient option forminimizing the actual impact of installation of the fiber optic cable itself. This option reduces theenvironmental impact of the project due to the relatively low impact on traditional construction work wherethe ground is disturbed.


Figure IV.1: City and Commercial Infrastructure Needs

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Figure IV.2: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network with Interested Businesses


Communications

City NeedsDue to the high prices of third-party communications costs, and the absence of a City-owned option forcommunications between its many facilities, the City has identified the need for a more economicallyfeasible option for the interconnection of its facilities. The benefits of such a change are clear in that theCity will own and maintain the communications systems and can benefit financially from the investment inthe new infrastructure.

Overall, the City facilities currently utilizes speeds ranging between 20 Mbps and 1 Gbps. As previouslymentioned, these network connections are made via third party companies. The City previously utilized iNetfor these services, but has recently switched services to MetroNet. The City has specified that they’d likethese connections to be upgraded to 10 Gbps to 40 Gbps in the future when on the new dedicated network.Not only with the new system need to support the existing systems and City facilities, but it should also beconsiderate of planned developments and new facilities that will likely also require interconnection with thecommunications backbone, as well as any desired scaling of the system. Table IV.1 summaries the existingand desired speeds for each of the City’s many facilities that will likely utilize the new communicationssystem.

Table IV.1: Existing City Facility SpeedsSiteNo.

Site Name Existing ConnectionSpeeds

Desired ConnectionSpeed

1 City / County Joint Powers Agency Building(Main Network Hub) 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps

2 Modesto Police Dept. 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps3 Marshall Park 100 Mbps 10 Gbps4 Northeast Area Command (Sr911) 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps5 Southeast Area Command 100 Mbps 10 Gbps6 Northwest Area Command (Vintage Faire Mall) 100 Mbps 10 Gbps7 Property Evidence Building 100 Mbps 10 – 40 Gbps8 Police Department Evidence 100 Mbps 10 – 40 Gbps9 Fire Administration 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps10 Fire Station 1 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps11 Fire Station 2 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps12 Fire Station 3 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps13 Fire Station 4 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps14 Fire Station 5 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps15 Fire Station 6 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps16 Fire Station 7 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps17 Fire Station 8 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps18 Fire Station 9 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps19 Fire Station 10 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps20 Fire Station 11 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps21 Modesto City College 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps



SiteNo.

Site Name Existing ConnectionSpeeds

Desired ConnectionSpeed

22 Training Center 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps23 Recreation Center 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps24 Senior Opportunity Services 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps25 King Kennedy Memorial 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps26 Modesto Centre Plaza None 10 – 40 Gbps27 Boy Scout Clubhouse None 10 Gbps28 Senior Citizens Center 1 Gbps 10 Gbps29 McHenry Mansion 1 Gbps 10 Gbps30 McHenry Museum 1 Gbps 10 Gbps31 American Legion Hall 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps32 Maddux Youth Center 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps33 Graceda Park/Mancini Bowl 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps34 John Thurman Field 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps35 Creekside Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps36 Dryden Park Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps37 Modesto Municipal Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps38 Corporation Yard 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps39 Bus Maintenance Facility 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps40 Transportation Center 100 Mbps Radio 10 – 40 Gbps41 Airport Terminal 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps42 Airport General Aviation 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps43 Sanitation Plant 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps44 Amtrak Station None 10 Gbps45 Intersection of Hatch and Morgan None 10 Gbps46 Jennings 300 Mbps

Trango Microwave 10 – 40 Gbps

Source: City of Modesto IT

Commercial Client NeedsCommercial clients in Modesto have a several internet service options available including ComcastBusiness, AT&T U-Verse, Unwired Broadband, Level 3 Communications, and more. The City worked withOpportunity Stanislaus to prepare and send out a survey to local businesses to gauge interest in higherinternet speeds. (The survey questions and results can be found in the Appendix.) Over 90% of thebusinesses showed interest for faster connection speeds, such as 1 Gb or 10 Gb. Faster internet speedswere also cited as a factor to allow businesses to both retain and create jobs in Modesto.

GoalsFigure IV.2 above shows the proposed backbone route around the City (shown in red). As mentionedpreviously, the goal of the proposed routing is to provide a reasonable tie in point for the existing commercialareas, planned improvements, and key corridors identified by the City for interconnection with the Citynetwork. There are also a couple identified secondary trunks, also referred to as “spurs,” which will providea non-redundant connection to the trunk line while reaching additional areas of the City (shown in blue).


This connection will expand the reach of the system to the more remote areas of the City, including someareas with planned developments identified as priority areas (i.e. the health corridor).

Gap AnalysisSince the City already has a ATMS-specific fiber optic network, a new fiber network is necessary to providecommercial usage opportunities for both the City and commercial clients. Since the current system is bothin-ground fiber optic cable as well as aerial, it may be feasible to also utilize that same strategy for settingup the new network backbone. Modesto Irrigation District owns and maintains existing power poles coveringa large majority of the City and this may provide the City the opportunity to cut their investment cost andleasing costs by utilizing those existing facilities for the installation as they have for some other installationsin the past for the ATMS system for a nominal fee.

City FacilitiesAs previously mentioned in Table III.1, there are 46 City facilities currently using third party telecom services(e.g. iNET transitioning to MetroEthernet). The locations of these facilities are shown in Figure IV.1 (shownas numbered circles which refer to facilities listed in Table IV.1). Most of these facilities can beinterconnected to City Hall via a new independent fiber optic network, as opposed to utilizing third partyexisting communication infrastructure due to lack of City-owned infrastructure. The City facilities currentlyutilize Comcast services, with a few exceptions that utilize radio or microwave technology due to their moreremote location.

Commercial ClientsThe businesses in Modesto vary greatly in type and needs. As technology improves and high speedsbecome more readily available, more businesses require the use of these services for everyday operations.The gap with expanding speeds for existing businesses lies with the lack of City-owned infrastructure andthe third-party services and their existing infrastructure. The City has a distinct advantage to provide thistype of service to existing and future businesses. A new communication network will provide a reliable andscalable backbone for future growth, thus providing the City the opportunity to close the communicationsgaps to serve its citizens and businesses and reduce the dependence on third party telecommunicationscompanies. The locations of businesses that responded the survey are shown as blue squares in FigureIV.2.

Priorities & ConstraintsPriorities for the development of a fiber and communication network include providing support to businessesand providing the environment to achieve the City’s overall business vision and expanding the ability of theCity to provide a reliable and robust connection between all areas of the City and its facilities. Thesepriorities, coupled with a well-designed and easily maintained system will provide the foundation for theachievement of the City’s vision as discussed in the Vision section of this document. The main constraintsto achieve these ends are, as discussed previously, lack of existing City-owned infrastructure for expansionof the fiber network around the whole city and existing reliance on third party companies.

FeasibilityBased on the needs of the City and commercial clients, building up a City-owned fiber-optic network is theanswer that will close the gap. Many of the City facilities currently have connection speeds of 1 Gbps, andthe network needs to be strengthened to allow for connection speeds of 10 Gbps to 40 Gbps. Additionally,many commercial clients have interest in connecting to the network and getting similar connection speedsto that of the City. This can be accomplished by expanding the reach of the fiber network by installing fiber



optic cable in new locations using a combination of conduit and aerial installation to grow the network, aswell as installing new, higher-strand fiber optic cable in existing locations to allow for faster connectionspeeds.


V. LINKMODESTO CITYWIDE FIBER NETWORKUltimate Network Build-out DescriptionThe following trunk network design is recommended to support the City of Modesto Needs and Objectivespreviously described. As summarized graphically in Figure V.1, the LinkMODESTO Proposed CitywideFiber Trunk Network will consist of a 25-mile-long fiber ring of 432-strand fiber optic cable (red lines infigure) running along key corridors of the City. Additional fiber trunk spurs (blue lines in diagram) will bebuilt out to extend the fiber network to areas of the City outside of the main trunk lines. The fiber optic cablewill be installed in conduits (existing and new), as well as on existing overhead utility poles. The trunk cablefiber strands would be divided between City and Commercial client use.

This fiber ring will include three network hubs to allow redundant network connections and three splicecabinets to allow easily expansion of the network as it is implemented in phases. The network hubs will belocated at City Hall, Fire Station #6 and Fire Station #7. A secure, separate air-conditioned data hut wouldbe constructed at the Fire Station hubs to house the fiber termination panels and network equipment. Toserve key City facilities, the fiber ring will also include redundant fiber connections from the fire station hubsto Modesto Police Northwest Command at Vintage Faire Mall and to Police Dispatch at County/911Building.

It is anticipated that the speed of the hub-to-hub connections will initially be 20 Gbps (ultimately upgradedto 200 Gbps). City facilities and commercial clients would be connected via branch fiber cable to the trunkfiber cable to the nearest hub for network connection with initial connection speeds of 1 Gbps (ultimate 10Gbps). Each hub will have separate City and Commercial Client switches so that the City and CommercialClient Networks are physically separated. This will allow the City to more easily troubleshoot and distinguishmaintenance responsibilities.

The Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk network will have a fiber connection to a carrier-neutral InternetExchange Point (IXP) Data Center from the City Hall Network Hub. The fiber connection would connect theCity Hall MPOE to the IXP/ Data Center MPOE over a combination of conduit and overhead fiber access.The IXP Data Center will provide internet and colocation services to the City and commercial clients thatare connected to the Citywide Fiber network. The IXP/Data Center would include City and Commercialswitches (connected to their counterparts at City Hall Network Hub) and routers for access to various carriernetworks.



Figure V.1: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network


Alternative Network ConsiderationsTo provide alternate network design scenarios, the following deployment options were explored forcomparison with regards to cable installations, implementation, and cost.

Separate City Facility and Commercial Client Trunk CablesUnder this design alternative, two 288-strand fiber optic cables would be used for the main fiber optic trunkring in lieu of a shared 432-strand fiber optic cable. This provides separate fiber optic cables for the CityNetwork and the Commercial Client Network for clear physical separation between the networks (ratherthan have both networks share the same fiber optic cable)1. This alternative increases the total capacity ofthe main ring by 33 percent. The fiber optic cable procurement costs are anticipated to remain similar underthis alternative, but the installation cost may increase by up to 100% (two cables be installed instead ofone). For aerial installation, the fiber would be heavier which may limit whether the cable could beoverlashed to existing City aerial fiber (whether existing support wires are sufficiently sized) and requireadditional coordination with MID. The two cables also increase the conduit fill in conduits, and therefore,new conduits would need to be 2.5” instead of 2”. (Note that existing conduits are not currently planned tobe used by the ultimate design.). Lastly, the increase in fiber capacity increases the number of fiberterminations at each end, which will result in higher costs.

Table V.1 – Separate City Facility and Commercial Client Trunk CablesAdvantages Disadvantages

· Clear physical separation between Cityand Commercial networks

· Increased fiber capacity

· Increased installation/ construction costs· Existing City aerial cable may not

support two cables.

100 Gb Hub ConnectionsUnder this design, the network would start with the ultimate two 100 Gbps hub-to-hub connections, insteadof two 10 Gbps. The switch upgrades for this are estimated to cost approximately twice as much, and the100G GBICs cost approximately 7.5 times as much as the 10G GBICs. The key advantage for thisalternative is much greater initial network capacity, but this must be measured against projected demandand anticipated decreases in network equipment in the future.

Internet Exchange Point Connection AlternativesAn Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a data center though which internet service providers (ISPs) connectto and provide internet services to clients. By definition, the IXP is not tied to a specific ISP and this allowsalternative designs for the final connection.

Alternative #1 – Network Hub fiber connection to ISPFor the first alternative, the Modesto network ends at City Hall Network switch and is directly connected tothe ISP router located at the IXP data center. An advantage for the commercial client is that they only needto interact with the City as the City will be performing all coordination with the ISP. The Client could alsotake advantage of services provided at the IXP Data Center, such as colocation. However, this connectioncould potentially be less secure, as there are more connection points needed.

1 Note that the City and Commercial Clients have separate switches at the network hubs



Alternative #2 – Network Hub fiber connection to IXP.For the second alternative, the fiber running from the commercial client bypasses the switch located at theCity Hall Network Hub and runs straight to the IXP Data Center. This option would be more secure for thecommercial client as there are less connection points. Another benefit for the Client is that they could takeadvantage of services provided by the IXP Data Center. However, the Client would have to reach out to theIXP directly for services, as opposed to going through the City.


VI. FIBER NETWORK IMPLEMENTATIONImplementation Phases

The Citywide Fiber optic Network has been divided into separate phases for deployment. Phase 1 includesconstruction of the primary fiber ring, including network hubs; connection to the IXP Data Center; buildingout of the downtown spur between City Hall and the Police Department; and building out the Yosemite spur.This phase will allow a redundant network for City facilities and commercial clients to connect and allowfiber-optic network access for businesses along the initial fiber ring,. Phase 2 contains six additional spuroptions that will each be separately constructed later as deemed appropriate by City and Community needs.This phase begins with the Hospital Ring in the northwestern corner of the city and loosely prioritizes thespurs in order shown.

These phases are summarized in Table VI.1 and illustrated in Figure VI.1. Additional project details areincluded in the following pages

Table VI.1 – Citywide Fiber NetworkPhase 1 Phase 2

· Network Data huts· Primary Fiber Trunk Ring connections between

network hubs· Fiber connections to County 911/ Dispatch and

NW command (Vintage Faire Mall)· Connection to Internet Exchange Point (IXP)· 1A - Downtown Fiber Spur – City Hall and Police

Department· 1A - Yosemite Ave Spur

· 2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)· 2B – McHenry Spur· 2C – Crows Landing Spur· 2D – Southeast City Spur

(Claus/Briggsmore)· 2E – Scenic Spur· 2F – Sutter Spur



Figure VI.1: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network – Implementation Phases


Project Descriptions by Phase

Phase 1: Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXP Connection

Primary Fiber Trunk Ring· 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Ring· 25 Miles Long· Contain 3 Network Hub Locations· Each Hub will have two 24-port, 2x10G Switches, one for the City Network and one for the

Commercial Client Network· The northwest and northeast hub locations (located at Fire Stations) will be linked to City Facilities

(NW Command Center and County/911 Building, respectively) via a 48-Strand Fiber Optic CableLoop

· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the primary ring and the two 48-strand loops – 28 GBIC’s used for the City Network and 12 GBIC’s for the Commercial ClientNetwork

· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation, Solo AerialInstallation, and Conduit Installation

· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash and Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Polesto hang the fiber

· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed byTrenching

· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of each Fiber Optic Cable, withone Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of eachstrand of fiber

· Three Fiber Splice Cabinets will be installed along the ring to allow fiber to be spliced at locationsother than the Network Hubs

City Hall Connection to Internet Exchange Point (IXP)· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Connection· 1/3 of a Mile Long· Connects City Hall Network Hub with Downtown IXP Data Center· The IXP Data Center will have one 24-port, 2x10G Switch that will connect to the City Hall Network

Hub· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the IXP connection – 4 GBIC’s

will be used for the IXP Connection· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by

Trenching· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one

Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of eachstrand of fiber

· “Last Mile” Fiber connection and GBICs for to City facilities and commercial businesses notincluded in cost estimate



Phase 1A: Police Department Spur and Yosemite Spur

Downtown Police Department Spur between City Hall and Police Department Building· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 0.5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by



Yosemite Spur· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 2.5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the

fiber· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one


· One Fiber Splice Cabinet will be installed at the end of the spur to allow fiber to be spliced atlocations other than the Network Hubs

Phase 2: Additional Future Spur Options

2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 5.5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit

Installation· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the

fiber· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by



2B – McHenry Spur· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 4.5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the



2C – Crows Landing Spur· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur


· 3 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit

Installation· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the poles (not-MID) to hang

the fiber· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by



2D – Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore)· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the



2E – Scenic Spur· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 2 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang

the fiber· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one


2F – Sutter Spur· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur· 2.5 Miles Long· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit





Last Mile ConnectionThe Last Mile Connection will be the final communications segment constructed. It connects the Cityfacilities or commercial clients to the primary fiber network using either a wireless or direct fiber connection.In each case, a branch fiber cable will be spliced into the City Fiber Trunk Ring and allow for the City facilityor commercial clients to have full access to the communications network using either the wireless or direct



fiber connection option. Fiber routing and connection type depends on the building location, network setup,building requirements, and other site-specific factors.

For City facilities, the City will construct the Last Mile Connection, choosing what connection type will beinstalled and coordinating the construction. Commercial clients, on the other hand, must coordinate theconstruction separately. The fiber network will be put in place by the City, but the commercial client mustconstruct infrastructure from their facility up to and including the splice to the city trunk fiber cable. FigureVI.2 shows the Last Mile Connection in relation to the fiber network.

The last mile connection can be achieved in one of two ways. They include wireless connection or directfiber connection. The following sections review what each entail.


Figure VI.2 – Last Mile Connection



Wireless ConnectionFor the wireless connection option, the branch cable is connected to a fiber distribution unit in a fiber cabinetalong the trunk fiber ring. There are two potential options for a wireless last mile connection- Wi-Fi andPoint-to-Point. For the Wi-Fi option, the fiber distribution unit is connected to a wireless Wi-Fi router whichcan serve multiple facilities at once as shown in Figure VI.3(a). In a Point-to-Point connection, the fiberdistribution unit is connected to a wireless radio which can serve only one building directly, as shown inFigure VI.3(b).

Figure VI.3(a): Wi-Fi Wireless Connection


Figure VI.3(b): Point-to-Point Wireless Connection

Direct Fiber ConnectionFor the direct fiber connection option, the branch cable is brought directly to the facility where it connectsto the fiber distribution unit and switch. There are two potential installation methods for a direct fiber lastmile connection: conduit installation or aerial installation. When installing the fiber optic branch cable usingconduit, the fiber is brought to the building using underground conduit, some if not most of which would alsobe newly installed as shown in Figure VI.4(a). When using aerial installation, the branch cable is broughtto the buildings by hanging the fiber from MID (or other Utility-owned) poles as shown in Figure VI.4(b).

Figure VI.4(a): Direct Fiber Connection – Conduit Installation of Fiber optic Cable

Figure VI.4(b): Direct Fiber Connection – Aerial Installation of Fiber optic Cable



SummaryTable VI.1 below summaries the advantages and disadvantages for various connections options.

Table VI.2 – Connection Options Advantages and DisadvantagesConnection Advantages Disadvantages

Wi-Fi Wireless • Serve multiple businesses with oneaccess point

• Wireless faster/easier deploymentthan fiber link

• Potentially less secure• Shared bandwidth – bandwidth

drops as more users added• Limited Range - bandwidth drops

exponentially with distance (can beextended with repeaters/meshnetwork)

• Max realistic performance: up to433 Mbps @75 feet (single user)

Point-to-PointWireless

• Wireless faster/easier deploymentthan fiber link

• More secure/ longer range than Wi-Fi

• More expensive end equipment(radios, high-gain antennas) -typically P2P configuration

• Requires clear line-of-sight, antennamay need to be regularly realigned

• Max realistic performance: up to200Mbps (unlicensed), 600 Mbps(licensed) @0.5 mile

Direct Fiber • Less end equipment needed (directconnection to fiber network)

• More secure than wireless• High speeds than wireless for

longer distances

• Construction costs higher and moredisruptive

• May need permits for trenching,utility poles, etc.

Pilot Project

PurposeThe purpose of the Link Modesto Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan – Pilot Project (shown in FigureVI.5) is to build a functioning, stand-alone portion of the ultimate LinkModesto Fiber optic Network to allowthe City of Modesto to work through issues related to procurement of fiber optic cable, selection ofinstallation contractors, construction of fiber network and connection to City facilities and businesses, andproviding high-speed internet services to commercial clients.

Description

The Pilot Project will consist of a 6-mile-long stretch of 432-strand fiber optic cable from the City HallNetwork Hub to the Fire Station #6 Network Hub (Location #15 in Table III.1) near the Modesto PoliceNorthwest Command at Vintage Faire Mall. The segment from City Hall to the Briggsmore and Prescott willbe installed using overlash aerial installation and the rest of the segment to the Fire Station #6 NetworkHub will be installed as existing conduit installation. The City Hall Network will also be connected to anInternet Exchange Point (IXP) in the downtown area, just a few blocks away from City Hall. A third of a milestretch of 48-strand fiber optic cable will connect to the IXP Data Center using solo aerial installation andnew conduit installation, providing internet services for the City and commercial clients.


Figure VI.5: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network – Pilot Project



Construction Cost Estimate – Pilot Project: $1,265,000

The Construction Cost estimate includes mobilization, traffic control, other project costs as well asconstruction contingency to cover any other unpredictable costs. Detailed cost estimates are included inthe Appendix. Additional project implementations costs such as design and project administration are notincluded.

AdvantagesThe Pilot Project is a subset of the ultimate Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and will build out one entire sectionof the Primary Fiber Trunk Ring from the City Hall Network Hub to the Fire Station #6 Network Hub includingthe end equipment at both ends. This section will utilize aerial installation and existing empty conduitinstallation, making for relatively quicker installation.

The Modesto City College (Location #21 in Table III.1) is located directly along this segment, and a fewother City facilities can be reached as well. The Northwest area of the City is an area of potential growth ofnew businesses, making this a good choice for the Pilot Project. Additionally, two Network Hubs will be builtwith this segment, leaving only one remaining for Phase 1 construction.

Implementation

Primary Pilot Project Segment Elements· 6 Miles Long, 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation and Existing

Conduit Installation· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash Aerial required to pay rent to use the MID Poles· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in existing empty 3” PVC Conduit· Fibers terminated at City Hall Network Hub on one end and Fire Station #6 Network Hub on the

other end· Each Hub will have two 24-port, 2x10G Switches, one for the City Network and one for the

Commercial Client Network, with 2x10G GBIC’s included for the City Network· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of each Fiber Optic Cable, with

one Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of eachstrand of fiber

City Hall Connection to Internet Exchange Point· 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Connection· 1/3 of a Mile Long· Connects City Hall Network Hub with Downtown IXP Data Center· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation and Conduit



Trenching· The IXP Data Center will have one 24-port, 2x10G Switch that will connect to the City Hall Network

Hub· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the IXP connection – 4 GBIC’s

will be used for the IXP Connection


· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with oneTermination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of eachstrand of fiber

· “Last Mile” Fiber connection and GBICs for to City facilities and commercial businesses notincluded in cost estimate

Alternative Implementation StrategiesThe current plan for this project entails using funds raised primarily by the City to build out the project. TheCity would be responsible for the network and build out and maintain that section, and commercial clientswould be responsible for building and maintaining the Last Mile Connection to tap into the fiber network.Alternatively, the City could partner with a Private Sector company (e.g. Ayera, Wave, CVIN) to help buildand maintain the entire segment from the Network Hub to the City facility or commercial client. Thecommercial clients would then be able to work with the City on installation of the Last Mile Connection asthe City would be facilitating the connection.



VII. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCETo ensure proper performance of the fiber network, regular maintenance will need to occur to repair anyproblems with the fiber network. One benefit of a fiber network is the relatively low amount of maintenanceneeded to keep the system up and running. The system should work properly unless there is specificdamage that occurs somewhere in the network. The main maintenance will stem from breaks that occur inthe fiber due to damage to infrastructure like conduit or poles, or any damage to the end equipment, suchas a splice cabinet knockdown or a patch panel disconnection. The current outlook for maintenanceresponsibilities is that the City would perform all maintenance.

Costs and ResourcesTo ensure proper performance of the fiber network, some level of permanent staff will likely be needed tomonitor the system and perform regular preventative and reactive maintenance. Since the City is planningon leasing fiber strands out to commercial clients for internet access, the City will need staff in place tomanage all billings for commercial client use of the network. Depending on how extensive the servicesbecome and how many commercial clients wish to use the fiber network, this task could require hiring newfull-time staff, but it would likely become a responsibility for a current staff member.

With the further development and implementation of the fiber network, there will be an increase in possiblelocations that have issues. Maintenance for the end equipment for each run of fiber located at the networkhubs will need to be routinely checked and maintained by qualified IT staff at the City. There are a fewoptions for maintenance on the equipment located in the field, such as the fiber optic cables and splicecabinets. The City could hire a field technician full time to make any repairs necessary. As there will likelynot be enough work to keep a City field technician busy full time, another option would be to hire andexternal contractor on an on-call basis. This could either be a field technician from Stanislaus County orCaltrans, or a third-party licensed contractor. By this method, the City would have an outside source readyto troubleshoot any problems that occur and pay them on a case-by-case basis, as opposed to employingsomebody full-time.

As part of this analysis, four cities similar to Modesto who currently have a commercial fiber network wereinterviewed. Two of the four cities surveyed reported operations budgets, giving an idea of the costs tooperate a fiber network. Both Santa Monica and Pasadena own and operate their fiber networks. SantaMonica reported an annual operations budget of $1.2 million to $1.3 million, and Pasadena has an annualoperations budget of $400,000, which includes both soft costs and strategic future expansion. Glendale’sWater and Power department owns and operates their fiber, and has no budget for operations andmaintenance. Santa Clarita owns their fiber network, but Wilcon, a third-party, operates the network andpays for the maintenance. These four cities have very different operation costs, but the cost for the Citywould likely be somewhere in the range of what Pasadena and Santa Monica allocate annually. Additionalsurvey information in included in Section IX of this document.

Other CostsCosts for replacement are expected to be relatively low for the first twenty years following construction.However, since all circumstances cannot be known initially, the City should consider allocation of a portionof funding for a replacement fund. These funds would be utilized in the event of a catastrophic failure whereentire portions of infrastructure would be required to be replaced. This could also include end equipmentsuch as switches or routers, which may have expired warranties after 3-5 years. The City may also considerearmarking revenue generated by the system, via commercial clients, for a replacement fund.


If the City wishes to expand the fiber network in the future, the City will need to expand the budget to helppay for this growth. This could come from money raised by commercial client leasing of fiber. Of the foursimilar cities surveyed, Pasadena was the only respondent that mentioned any future expansion costs.They included this as a part of their $400,000 annual operations budget and have $75,000 budgeted forCapital Improvement annually. Any revenue they generate is earmarked for expansion and operations,similar to what the City may consider. Any expansions costs are going to vary based on the scale andnature of the expansion, but using revenue from commercial clients will likely be the easiest way to fundthis expansion.



VIII. FUNDINGThe project would be funded by telecommunications cost savings, Commercial Client service fees, andother funding sources. Funding for this project will be needed for initial implementation and construction,operations and maintenance, and upgrades and expansion. The project for this project will be most likelybe used for implementation, operations and maintenance, replacement, and expansion.

Telecommunication Cost SavingsBy building a City-owned and operated fiber network, the City will no longer require contracts with thirdparties like Verizon or Comcast for network communications between City Facilities. The City currentlyspends approximately $100,000 per year for these services.

Commercial Client Service FeesThe City will charge connection and monthly service fees to commercial client that wishes to connect to theCitywide network. These fees will depend on what services the City decides to provide (dark fiber, ISP,etc.) as certain services may cost the City more to provide. The service fees would also depend on howmany fibers the commercial client wishes to lease and how much capacity they require. These service feeswill provide the City with a revenue stream that should cover the annual operations costs and eventuallyrecoup the upfront costs from the implementation of the network. The “break-even” point will depend on theservice fees charged, the adoption rate and number of commercial clients that sign-up, the amount ofupfront costs that need to be prepaid, and ongoing expenses.

Grant FundingGrant funding may also be available to the City to assist offsetting implementation costs. Grants are typicallyavailable for construction capital expenses only (sometime first year of warranty and maintenance can beincluded). While there may be some grants that specifically target fiber optic cable installation (e.g. SmartCities Challenge), the City should also consider grants for similar uses, such as traffic signal coordinationand communications, or public safety network enhancements. A traffic signal coordination project couldinstall additional fiber and/or conduit to be utilized by the City fiber network. The City needs to carefullyreview the requirements of such grants for any restrictions that could limit the use for other purposes. Forexample, federally-funded grants typically do not allow the City to commercialize or monetize constructionfunded by them. Such grants could be utilized for construction for the City Facility network, but not theCommercial Client network.

Private PartnershipSince government grants sometimes have strict usage requirements, another option for funding mayinclude partnership with a private entity, such as a foundation or investment fund. One such exampleincludes the Cisco Foundation, which is a foundation dedicated to identifying investment areas and projectsthat will benefit education, economic empowerment, and critical human needs. The Cisco Foundationpartners with the beneficiaries of the grants to achieve these goals.

Venture capital investments would provide a second opportunity for funding. The City may consider anoutside investor who may provide partnership in funding the initial infrastructure of the system, and couldbenefit from the successful implementation of a commercialized system. The City has had some initialdiscussions with possible venture capital firms about such a partnership.


IX. COMMERCIAL SERVICE CONSIDERATIONSMunicipal Broadband Success StoriesAccording to the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, there are more than 450 communities across the countryrunning broadband networks as public utilities. Among these municipal broadband systems, there areseveral success stories that interested cities could lean on. These include lowering Internet costs forresidents, encouraging economic development, and improving overall telecom services.

Cedar Falls, IowaIn the 1990s, Cedar Falls Utilities built a citywide municipal hybrid fiber coaxial network and provided fiberconnections to commercial and industrial customers in both the city and the industrial park. Over the years,Cedar Falls watched businesses from neighboring towns relocate to the area, in part because of the needfor more bandwidth and greater Internet capabilities. Cedar Falls has now made the transition to all fiberand became the state’s first gigabit city in 2014. Jim Krieg, general manager of Cedar Falls Utilities, notedthe growth that fiber optics had generated: “Twenty years ago, [Cedar Falls] had 27 businesses and $5million in taxable valuation; today, there are 160 businesses and $270 million in valuation.”

Chattanooga, TennesseeWith its fiber-to-the-home network offering gigabit speeds throughout the city, Chattanooga has attractedseveral major companies, including Volkswagen, which has already spent more than $1 billion buildingfactories in the area and created 12,000 new jobs, as well as Homeserve USA and Amazon. Chattanooga’sinnovative, high speed fiber network has also created an entrepreneurial boom in the city.

Cumberland, MarylandCumberland, Alleghany County and the county board of education have partnered for 15 years on aninnovative wireless infrastructure program that delivers high-quality services to government users andmakes available both middle-mile and last-mile wireless capabilities for private ISPs that serve residential,business and health care customers. The availability of these services, particularly in the most rural partsof the county, distinguish the county from other rural areas. It has enabled the development of home basedbusinesses and attracted second-home buyers who otherwise would not have chosen to locate in thecounty.

The Dalles, OregonThe Dalles, a city of 11,873 residents in the picturesque Columbia River Gorge, operates a 17-milemunicipal fiber optic network. In 2005, as a direct result of The Dalles’s municipal networking capabilities,Google decided to purchase an industrial site there for $1.87 million to house high-tech equipment thatwould be connected to the rest of the company’s network. According to the man who coordinated the dealwith Google, “It was visionary – this little town with no tax revenues had figured out that if you want totransform an economy from manufacturing to information, you’ve got to pull fiber.” The project wasexpected to create “between 50 and 100 jobs over a matter of time, earning an estimated average of$60,000 annually in wages and benefits.” The Dalles succeeded so well that it recently paid off its networkdebt well ahead of schedule.

Danville, VirginiaIn contrast to The Dalles, Danville did not have a fiber network when AOL came looking for a site. As aresult, AOL struck Danville off its list of potential sites for a new data center and located the center in Prince



William County, Va. After this setback, Danville developed a fiber network of its own. Now known as the“Comeback City,” Danville used its fiber network to revitalize its economy, once the worst in the state witha 19 percent unemployment rate, and made the city a site of robust economic development, attractingMicrosoft, IKEA and many other new, high-tech businesses.

Kendall County, TexasA cooperative telephone company, GVTC, began building out FTTH in the Texas Hill Country in 2004. Itworks closely with the Kendall County Economic Development Corporation to promote the network tobusinesses. As a result, the region’s growth has outpaced the rest of Texas by 4 percentage points.Corporate site selection committees no longer reject sites in the county. An economic development officialsaid, “If I don’t have fiber, I’m eliminated – not just fiber to the business, because the executives arecommuting to San Antonio and want to work from home because of gas prices. Fiber allows throughputand security.”

Software companies, medical companies and aerospace companies have relocated to or stayed in the areabecause of the fiber network. Even Hill Country wineries, which constitute a small but tenacious localindustry dating back to early German settlers, are now putting towns such as Fredericksburg and Boerneon vintners’ maps.

Lafayette, LouisianaWhen NuComm International needed to locate a new call center – one that would add 1,000 jobs ... to thelocal economy – it chose Lafayette, La., because the city is building a massive fiber network to connecteveryone.” Lafayette has garnered attention in the tech sector, with many companies relocating to the areabecause of Internet connectivity. In one example, “Scott Eric Olivier moved his tech startup firm, SkyscraperHolding, from Los Angeles to Lafayette when he heard of the speeds and service offered by LUS Fiber.”Olivier says the same 100 Mbps connectivity that costs him $200 per month in Lafayette, enabling him tomove large files across the Web, would cost him several thousand dollars a month anywhere else. In thepast few months, Lafayette attracted three new employers that will bring 1,300 jobs into the city.

Martinsville, VirginiaMartinsville’s fiber network enabled it to attract major businesses, such as defense contractor SPARTAInc.’s research center, Mehler Texnologies, American Distribution and Warehousing and ICF International(500+ jobs).

Mesa, ArizonaIn the early 2000s, Mesa started placing conduit in its rights-of-way during capital construction projects andany other time a road was open. The city built a critical mass of conduit and fiber over a decade and a half,and it partners actively with private entities seeking access to conduit and fiber. Apple located a siliconresearch lab in Mesa, and the city credits the direct fiber connection to that facility as a significant part ofthe inducement for Apple and other entities to locate in Mesa.

Montgomery County, MarylandIn the mid-1990s, Montgomery County developed a sophisticated revitalization plan for downtown SilverSpring, which had seen steady economic deterioration and high retail and office vacancy rates. Importantto the revitalization was attracting Discovery Communications and the American Film Institute (AFI) tolocate as anchors; a key to attracting those anchors was that the county provided dark fiber resources tothe locations where they committed to build. This revitalization has been enormously successful, and


Discovery and the AFI Silver Theatre and Cultural Center have proved essential to the redevelopment ofSilver Spring.

Powell, WyomingIn anticipation of the construction of a fiber-to-the-home system in rural Powell, a South Korean venturecapital firm agreed to pay up to $5.5 million to engage 150 certified teachers, working from their homes, toteach English to students in South Korea using high-speed videoconferencing. The FTTH system has beenso successful that the city was able to buy out its investors 18 years ahead of schedule.

Princeton, IllinoisPrinceton built a fiber network to retain Ingersoll-Rand as a major local employer; it now has more than 75commercial customers, and most banks in town are connected with fiber. The broadband utility is regardedas attractive for potential employers.

Pulaski, TennesseeLocal economic development leadership has begun marketing Pulaski Electric System’s services to nearbyHuntsville, Ala., home to a large number of defense and space industries. Before PES built its network, thecommunity had never attempted to approach the defense or aerospace companies because it had little tooffer that met their special needs. The FTTH network has allowed several existing industries to receivesuperior service at much lower prices than they paid previously. The system has become a focus ofcommunity pride and an example of the community’s willingness to invest in the future.

San Leandro, CaliforniaSan Leandro, located in the San Francisco Bay area, competes with such tech giants as Silicon Valley forlocal businesses. In 2012, with the goal of attracting modern, technology-based industries to San Leandro,the city established a partnership with a local business owner to create an ultra-high speed fiber broadbandnetwork.

The network, Lit San Leandro, is largely privately funded but utilizes the city’s conduits to run theunderground fiber network. After only two years, Lit San Leandro is already attracting businesses to thearea. For example, a 3D printing firm moved from San Francisco to a factory in San Leandro afterconsidering more than 50 other locations. Similarly, a Kaiser hospital was built on the site of a formergrocery distribution center, and the Westlake/OSIsoft Technology Complex, which includes three six-story,300,000-square-foot tech offices, located in a former Del Monte cannery.

Santa Monica, CaliforniaSanta Monica’s Information Systems Department mapped out a plan for the creation and expansion of itsbroadband network in 1998. Since then, the city has been slowly and methodically implementing its plan,saving city government $700,000 a year in communications costs as well as making advancedcommunications capabilities available to private entities. In 2014, the city upgraded its fiber optic networkspeed to 100 Gbps. According to the city’s chief information officer, Jory Wolf, the network has alreadycontributed significantly to the city’s economic growth, and he expects the business sector to leverage theupgraded network for service models, content distribution and telemedicine initiatives.

South Bend, IndianaIn the early 2000s, South Bend began researching how to improve its telecommunications networks. SouthBend had fiber networks in place, but it was not in a position to develop and operate the networks itself.Because no existing providers were interested in establishing vendor-neutral fiber services through the



city’s infrastructure, South Bend worked with local partners to establish Metronet, a nonprofit dark fibernetwork that serves government, educational and other nonprofit entities. Its for-profit subsidiary, St. JoeValley Metronet (SJVM), provides fiber access to banks, manufacturers and other businesses. The profitsfrom SJVM are paid to Metronet through dividends and help subsidize Metronet’s continued operations andexpansion. SJVM has helped draw technology businesses to South Bend, from the GramTel data center in2009 to the 2013 launch of a new coworking and meeting/conference space in the downtown area.

Palo Alto, CaliforniaThe municipal electric utility has installed more than 40 miles of fiber optic cables, which it makes availableto business and industrial customers, and is supplementing this coverage with publicly available, amenitygrade WiFi access (i.e. intended to meet occasional, on-the-spot needs of tourists and shoppers, forexample, rather than daily household, business or educational needs). No residential service is offered.

Watsonville, CaliforniaSince the end of local cable television franchising in California, cable companies have begun charging citiesfor the use of institutional networks – INETs – originally provided at little or no cost. Charter Communicationsinitially wanted to charge the City of Watsonville $150,000 a year for the use of its INET, which connectedcritical city facilities. Because the city had a policy of routinely keeping an inventory of conduit and othernetwork assets that had been installed on a prospective basis as well as for specific projects over the year,it was able to use conduit routes it already owned to duplicate all but a few segments, totaling a mile, of theINET system. The remaining gaps were connected via conduit installed by the city for less than the cost oftwo years of service from Charter.

Fiber optic Deployment and Service in Other California CitiesAs part of the development of this Master Plan, six California cities commercial fiber optic communicationnetworks were selected to be surveyed as comparable cities to Modesto. Desired characteristics ofsurveyed cities were populations between 200,000 and 300,000 people, communication networks that havebeen operating for at least one year, and communication operations including a private sector orcommercial client service component. The City performed surveys with representatives from Palo Alto andSan Leandro. Four additional cities (selected with the City) were surveyed by Third Wave: Santa Monica,Santa Clarita, Glendale, and Pasadena.

While performing the survey, Modesto was found to be a unique city in terms of size, services, and typicalindustries. No other city of Modesto’s size was found that had installed a communication network of thismagnitude. All six surveyed cities had smaller populations, and only one had a larger area (Santa Clarita).A summary of survey results are provided in Table IX.1. Services offered by cities included dark fiberleasing, commercial fiber leasing (lit fiber), ISP services, and providing fiber for home use.


Table IX.1 – Phased Implementation Cost Breakdown

City Population

Approx.Area

(sq.mi.)Commercial

Service offered

Length ofImplementation (fiber

install)Length ofOperation Funding Owner Operator

Modesto 201,165 36 - - - - - -

Palo Alto 66,642 26 Commercial fiberleasing

3 years 20 years Electric UtilityReserve

Palo Alto Palo Alto

SanLeandro

87,700 16 10G Commercialfiber leasing

2 years 3 years Private fundingwith City Match

Private3rd Party

Private 3rdParty

SantaMonica

89,736 8 10G ISP Ongoing for 10 years 13 years General Funds SantaMonica

SantaMonica

SantaClarita

176,320 53 Lease dark fiber toWilcon

Ongoing for 11 years 4 years Federal Grants,Metro

SantaClarita

Wilcon

Glendale 191,719 30 Commercial fiberleasing

2 years 12 years Unknown GlendaleWater &Power

GlendaleWater &Power

Pasadena 137,122 23 Commercial fiberleasing

18 months 17 years General FundLoan w/ payback

from revenue

Pasadena Pasadena

Governance and Service Models

Summary of OptionsAs mentioned previously in Section VI, the current plan for the City’s planned network involves the Citybuilding out and owning the primary fiber ring network and data hubs. With this foundation, there are severaloptions available to the City for the governance of the network and providing services to commercial clients.These include working with commercial clients directly to provide connections and network services, orcollaborating with one or more outside third parties to connect to and service commercial clients, as well asto operate and maintain the network.

· “Last Mile” Connection – The construction of connection between a commercial client and the Citynetwork would need to be coordinated with the City. The City could have a pre-qualified bench ofcontractors to do this work, and handle the contract and coordination with the client directly. Anotheroption would be for the City to work with an outside third party to assist the commercial client inbuilding and maintaining this connection.

· Serviceso Dark Fiber leasing – under this option, the City only charges for access by others to their

dark fibers with the responsibility for fiber connections, internet access and network endequipment placed on the lessee. This option has the lowest risk to the City, but alsoprovides less revenue that other options. Some fee structure considerations include:

§ Length of license term§ Number of strands per license§ License fee (monthly or annual)§ Fee escalation terms§ One-time fees (connection fees, application fee, termination fee)



An example of fee structure from the ConnectArlington service is available at the followingURL:

https://arlingtonva.s3.dualstack.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2015/10/ConnectArlington-Schedule-of-Rates-and-Fees.pdf .

The costs shown at this link may not be applicable to the City of Modesto’s purposes.

o Commercial fiber leasing – under this option, the City generally provides managed fiberoptic network connections to commercial clients from the commercial client facility and theinternet access point. Depending on arrangements with the individual commercial client,internet service may or may not be provided by the City. The management of the City-widenetwork would fall upon the City or perhaps a public-private partnership. The City would beable to charge higher service fees for this option, but may also have higher maintenancecosts since they would be responsible for network service levels.

o Internet Service Provider – Under this option, the City of Modesto or a public-privatepartnership would be an Internet Service Provider (ISP) similar to AT&T, Comcast, andothers. Options include servicing either the Business Market, the residential/ home marketor both. This option could allow for the highest service fees, but also has the highestmaintenance costs (particularly customer service).

Recommended ModelConsidering the level of risk and the lack of City experience in providing high-speed fiber optic networkconnections, it is recommended that the City initially focus on Dark Fiber leasing or Commercial FiberLeasing. Partnering with a private-sector service provider may advantageous to the City by bringing intechnical resources and reducing level of risk.


X. CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATIONImplementationThis final section focuses on the necessary steps for preparing construction documents for implementing the Citywide Fiber optic network, includingdesign documents, PS&E, and procurement requirements. The implementation schedule for the Pilot Project and Phase 1 is shown in Figure X.1and the implementation and durations are roughly estimated in the Table X.1.

Figure X.1 – Pilot Project and Phase 1 Implementation Schedule

Table X.1 – Phase 1A through 2 Implementation DurationsStage Duration (months)

Phase 1A - 2 7 - 12- Prepare Design and Construction Documents 2 - 3- Procure and Test Fiber optic Cable (concurrentwith design/construction document preparation)

12-15

- Project Bid/ Select Contractor (concurrent withfiber optic cable procurement)

2 - 3

- Construction 2 - 4- Construction closeout 1 - 2

Phase 1 (Citywide Trunk Ring) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44Pilot - City Hall to Fire Station #6 (NW Modesto)- Prepare Design and Construction Documents- Procure and Test Fiber-Optic Cable- Qualify Contractor- Project Bid/ Select Contractor- Construction- Construction closeoutTrunk Ring- Prepare Design and Construction Documents- Procure and Test Fiber-Optic Cable- Project Bid/ Select Contractor- Construction- Construction closeout

1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year



Design and Construction DocumentsDesign and Construction documents will document project scope and limits, overlash calculations (aspreviously required by MID), materials and methods used, work procedures (including testing andacceptance). The City anticipates procuring, testing and storing fiber optic cable on its own, and then usinga competitive low-bid process with qualified contractors to install the fiber optic cable.

Fiber optic Cable RequirementsThe fiber optic cable used for this project needs to meet industry standard, including the testing process.Implementation considerations for procurement and installation should include other requirements such asdesign, permitting, and planning that need to coordinated prior to construction. It is recommended that fiberoptic cable should meet the requirements as stated in the NECA/FOA 301-2009 standard handbook oranother equivalent standard. Section 5 of these standards specifically details the standards that the cableshould meet to ensure good quality and performance.

Two example cable manufacturers used in recent fiber optic cable projects in Northern California areCorning and Commscope. Table X.2 shows some examples of potential 432-strand fiber optic cable thatmay be used for this project. Cut sheets for these cables can be found in the Appendix.

Table X.2 – Examples of Potential Fiber optic Cables

Company Strand Glass TypeInstallation

Type Armored Name Product CodeCommscope 432 TeraSPEED Trench Non-

ArmoredHigh Fiber Count Single Jacket All Dielectric OutdoorCable Arid Core Construction Stranded Loose Tube

O-432-LN-8W-F24NS

Commscope 432 TeraSPEED Aerial Armored Single Jacket/Single Armor, High Fiber Count, Gel-Filled,Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable

O-432-LA-8W-F24NS

Corning 432 ALTOS Aerial Armored ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled, Single-Jacket,Single-Armored Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

432EUC-T4100A20

Corning 432 ALTOS Trench Non-Armored

ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

432EU4-T4100A20

Fiber optic Cable Supplier QualificationsOnce the fiber optic cable requirements have been finalized above, the City will need to send out an RFPto obtain quotes from various fiber optic cable vendors and suppliers. Cities and Contractors typically workwith local or near-local, established firms that have good reputations. Traditional requirements for findingreputable firms include the following:

- Established local office and been in business for set period of time (typically 5-10 year min)- Recently successfully supplied a comparable project (45+ miles of fiber)- Offer warranty for their product (3 year min)

Examples of qualified suppliers and vendors are Anixter and JAM Services. After receiving proposals fromqualified firms, the City can select a firm, order the fiber, test it, and have it delivered to the site where theinstallation contractor will install the fiber in the correct location.

An alternative procurement method is buy fiber direct from overseas factories. With this option, instead ofsending out an RFP, the City would need to find and vet an overseas factory. The supplier would need toprovide the City with documentation of their fiber optic cable, show proof of factory testing before shipping,and provide a warranty for their product.


Fiber optic Cable Delivery, Testing and StorageOnce a fiber optic cable supplier has been selected, the City arranges for its delivery to the City. The fibershould be stored in a secure location per manufacturer suggestions, possibly at a warehouse or somewherein City Hall or another City facility. The fiber optic cable should be tested should be in conformance toSection 7 of the NECA/FOA 301-2009 at the following milestones to ensure that the fiber optic cableremains undamaged prior to installation: at the factory and upon delivery to City. If any damage isdiscovered, the entire fiber optic cable reel should be replaced under warranty at no cost to the City. Furthertesting milestone during construction/ installation include: at delivery to job site, after installation (beforesplicing), and final end-to-end test.

Installation Plans and SpecificationsConstruction documents (PS&E) need to be prepared for installation of the City-furnished fiber optic cableon to existing poles, existing conduits, and new conduits, as well as construction of pull boxes, attachmentdetails, data centers, field cabinets, and end communications equipment. Installation requirements shouldmeet the standards set in Section 4 of the NECA/FOA 301-2009 and other City standards. Fieldinvestigation of project limits to verify existing conditions and capacity (e.g., conduits, poles, messengerwire, building room, etc.) needs to be conducted. Construction also includes coordinating with otheragencies for encroachment and use of their land and poles, including provide any required calculations orother documents.

Contractor QualificationsThe City intends to prepare pre-qualify a bench of qualified fiber optic contractors to install the variousphase of the fiber optic network. The City will use its previous experience of working with Contractors toinstall ATMS (traffic) fiber optic cable throughout the City to develop verifiable qualifications. These mayinclude experience installing fiber optic cable on similar projects, staff qualifications, and references. TheCity ATMS projects required a minimum of two years of similar construction experience. Once a qualifiedbench of contractors has been established, the City will prepare a mini-RFP for distribution to the benchand select a contractor based on low-bid process.



APPENDICESA. Glossary of TermsB. Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results (November 2016)C. Cost Estimate – by PhaseD. Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report (March 17, 2017)E. Fiber optic Cable Cut SheetsF. Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________City of Modesto - LINKModestoFiber Network Infrastructure Master PlanMay 2017 | FINAL

Appendix A

Glossary of Terms

Branch cable – Fiber-optic cable used as the secondary fiber segment that connects to the trunk cable,usually has fewer fiber strands than a trunk cable.

Colocation – A service provided by an ISP (defined below) that offers offsite data storage and backup.

Commercial Client – For the purposes of this report, a business owner interested in connecting to theFiber Network.

Conduit – A pipe often buried underground with fiber-optic cable running through it.

Dark fiber – Fiber-optic cable that is currently unused and put in place for future use. Dark fiber may notterminate at any given destination.

GBIC – Gigabit Interface Converter, a transceiver that converts optical signals to electric currents, andvice versa.

Gbps – Gigabits per second (equivalent to 1,000 Megabits per second), general unit describing rate ofdata transfer.

H2H – Hub to Hub; for the purposes of this report; H2H describes direct connection via trunk fiberbetween any two hubs.

HDPE – High-density polyethylene, a plastic material used for conduit.

ISP – Internet Service Provider (e.g., AT&T, Comcast, Wave, CVIN, etc.).

IXP – Internet Exchange Point, a telecommunications service company that allows for multiple ISP’s toprovide internet to clients. Generally, provides internet node connection.

Last Mile – The communications segment from a City facility or Commercial Client to the Primary FiberTrunk Ring, which allows access to the Fiber Network.

Mbps – Megabits per second, general unit describing rate of data transfer.

MID – Modesto Irrigation District, owner of most of the utility poles to be used with overlash aerial.

MPOE – Main Point of Entry, location of utility and telecommunications access to a building.

NECA/FOA 301 – Standard for installation and testing of fiber-optic cables prepared by the NationalElectrical Contractors Association and the Fiber Optic Association.

Overlash – Fiber-optic cable hung on utility poles with previously existing cables.

PVC – Polyvinyl chloride, a plastic material used for conduit.

Solo aerial – Fiber-optic cable hung alone on utility poles.

Splice – A connection point between two individual fiber strands, where the glass strands are fusedtogether (also known as fusion splice).

Trunk cable – Fiber-optic cable used as the primary fiber segment, usually has more fiber strands than abranch cable.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________City of Modesto - LINKModesto


Appendix B

Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results(November 2016)

A High Speed Fiber Use Assessment Survey

Working with Opportunity Stanislaus, we surveyed 181 local businesses with a 16-21%Response rate depending on the question. Counting the 35 respondents that believed fibercould lead to new jobs, over 700 potential jobs could be potentially created. 80% ofrespondents said fiber would allow them to stay competitive and 45% said it would allow them tostay in Modesto. Over 25 businesses said they would be interested in getting higher speeds andpossibly supporting the City in a grant application process. Respondents were asked:

Cross tab of what speeds respondents currently have vs. what speeds they said they want.


Appendix C

Cost Estimate – by Phase



Project Implementation Cost by Phase

Phase - Description ConstructionDesign(10%)

Administration(15%)

1 – Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXPConnection

$ 4,925,000 $ 492,500 $ 738,7501A – Downtown Police DepartmentSpur/Yosemite Spur

$ 660,000 $ 66,000 $ 99,000

2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan) $ 1,190,000 $ 119,000 $ 178,5002B – McHenry Spur $ 400,000 $ 40,000 $ 60,0002C – Crows Landing Spur $ 445,000 $ 44,500 $ 66,7502D – Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore) $ 415,000 $ 41,500 $ 62,2502E – Scenic Spur $ 225,000 $ 22,500 $ 33,7502F – Sutter Spur $ 395,000 $ 39,500 $ 59,250Total $ 8,675,000 $ 867,500 $ 1,301,250

By: ZJMChecked: EKC

Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 137,480$ 1 137,480$ 2 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Furnish) LF 8$ 32,430 259,440$ 3 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 20,355 101,775$ 4 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 12,075 72,450$ 5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 100 6,500$ 6 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 864 86,400$ 7 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$ 8 F+I Hub Switch - City Network - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 2 100,000$ 9 F+I Hub Switch - Commercial Client Network - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 2 100,000$

10 F+I GBIC (10G) - City Network EA 5,000$ 4 20,000$ 11 F+I GBIC (10G) - Commercial Client Network EA 5,000$ 4 20,000$ 12 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - IXP Connection (Furnish) LF 4$ 1,900 7,600$ 13 IXP Connection (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 810 4,050$ 14 IXP Connection (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 810 4,860$ 15 MID Pole Rent - IXP Connection (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 12 780$ 16 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching - IXP Connection LF 70$ 810 56,700$ 17 F+I Switch - IXP Connection - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 1 50,000$ 18 F+I GBIC (10G) - IXP Connection EA 5,000$ 4 20,000$

Subtotal 1,054,035$ Contingency (20%) 210,807$

CONSTRUCTION TOTAL 1,264,842$ BUDGET 1,265,000$

The Engineer has no control over the cost of labor, materials, equipment, or over the Contractor's methods of determining prices or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Opinions of probable costs provided herein are based on the information known.

March 21, 2017

LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan - Pilot Project

Conceptual Network Costs

Pilot Project - Northwest To Vintage Faire

By: ZJMChecked: EKC

Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 535,250$ 1 535,250$ 2 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Furnish) LF 8$ 125,465 1,003,720$ 3 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 46,575 232,875$ 4 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 63,825 319,125$ 5 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 15,065 90,390$ 6 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Hub to Building Connection (Furnish) LF 4$ 19,895 79,580$ 7 Hub to Building Connection (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 14,950 74,750$ 8 Hub to Building Connection (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 4,945 29,670$ 9 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 660 42,900$

10 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF 70$ 7,935 555,450$ 11 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 2,976 297,600$ 12 Fiber Splice Cabinets EA 10,000$ 3 30,000$ 13 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 14 42,000$ 14 F+I Hub Switch - City Network - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 3 150,000$ 15 F+I Hub Switch - Commercial Client Network - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 3 150,000$ 16 F+I Building Switch (NW Command, County/911) - 2x10G EA 25,000$ 2 50,000$ 17 F+I GBIC (10G) - City Network EA 5,000$ 28 140,000$ 18 F+I GBIC (10G) - Commercial Client Network EA 5,000$ 12 60,000$ 19 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - IXP Connection (Furnish) LF 4$ 1,900 7,600$ 20 IXP Connection (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 1,610 9,660$ 21 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching - IXP Connection LF 70$ 1,900 133,000$ 22 F+I Switch - IXP Connection - 2x10G Links EA 50,000$ 1 50,000$ 23 F+I GBIC (10G) - IXP Connection EA 5,000$ 4 20,000$

Subtotal 4,103,570$ Contingency (20%) 820,714$


Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 71,360$ 1 71,360$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Yosemite Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 12,650 50,600$ 3 Yosemite Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 12,650 63,250$ 4 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Police Department Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 2,760 11,040$ 5 Police Department Spur (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 2,760 16,560$ 6 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 60 3,900$ 7 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF 70$ 2,760 193,200$ 8 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 1,152 115,200$ 9 Fiber Splice Cabinets EA 10,000$ 1 10,000$

10 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 4 12,000$ Subtotal 547,110$

Contingency (20%) 109,422$ CONSTRUCTION TOTAL 656,532$

BUDGET 660,000$

Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 129,250$ 1 129,250$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 28,980 115,920$ 3 Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 21,505 107,525$ 4 Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 7,475 44,850$ 5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 100 6,500$ 6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF 70$ 7,475 523,250$ 7 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 8 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$

Subtotal 990,895$ Contingency (20%) 198,179$


LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Conceptual Network Costs

Phase 1 - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXP Connection

Phase 1A - Police Department Spur and Yosemite Spur

Phase 2A - Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)

March 15, 2017

By: ZJMChecked: EKC


Conceptual Network CostsMarch 15, 2017

Phase 2B - McHenry SpurItem Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price

1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 43,220$ 1 43,220$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - McHenry Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 24,150 96,600$ 3 McHenry Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 24,150 120,750$ 4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 110 7,150$ 5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 6 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$


CONSTRUCTION TOTAL 397,584$ BUDGET 400,000$

Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 48,210$ 1 48,210$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Crows Landing Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 16,560 66,240$ 3 Crows Landing Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 15,870 79,350$ 4 Crows Landing Spur (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 690 4,140$ 5 Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 70 4,550$ 6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC on River Bridge Overpass LF 150$ 690 103,500$ 7 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 8 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$



Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 44,870$ 1 44,870$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Southeast City Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 25,300 101,200$ 3 Southeast City Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 25,300 126,500$ 4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 120 7,800$ 5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 6 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$



Phase 2E - Scenic SpurItem Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price

1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 24,000$ 1 24,000$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Scenic Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 10,350 41,400$ 3 Scenic Spur (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 10,350 51,750$ 4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 50 3,250$ 5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 6 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$



Phase 2D - Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore)

Phase 2C - Crows Landing Spur

By: ZJMChecked: EKC


Conceptual Network CostsMarch 15, 2017

Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS 42,830$ 1 42,830$ 2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Sutter Spur (Furnish) LF 4$ 12,995 51,980$ 3 Sutter Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF 5$ 11,960 59,800$ 4 Sutter Spur (Conduit Installation) LF 6$ 1,035 6,210$ 5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA 65$ 60 3,900$ 6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF 70$ 690 48,300$ 7 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC on Bridge Overpass LF 150$ 345 51,750$ 8 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA 100$ 576 57,600$ 9 F+I Termination Panels EA 3,000$ 2 6,000$



Phase 2F - Sutter Spur

The Engineer has no control over the cost of labor, materials, equipment, or over the Contractor's methods of determining prices or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Opinions of probable costs provided herein are based on the information known.


Appendix D

Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report(dated March 17, 2017)

Kimley-Horn 1300 Clay Street, Suite 325 Oakland, CA 94612 Direct: 510-350-0215 Mobile: 510-735-1387 www.kimley-horn.com

Research Fiber Implemented Strategies March 17, 2017

ThirdWave

ThirdWave Corporation Information Systems Intelligently Applied SM since 1987 11400 W. O lympic B lvd . Su i te 200 Los Ange les CA 90064 310.914 .0186 V 310 .312 .9513 F

Thought Leadership, Exceptional Performance & Results since 1987

30 YEARS

March 17, 2017 Elbert Chang, PE, TE Kimley-Horn 1300 Clay Street, Suite 325 Oakland, CA 94612 Direct: 510-350-0215 Mobile: 510-735-1387 www.kimley-horn.com Subject: Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies Reference: ThirdWave Task: Task 2.7.1: Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Dear Elbert, Attached please find the final report for the City of Modesto benchmarking/research task. It has been our pleasure to work with you and the City on this task. Please do not hesitate to let me know if you have any questions. Sincerely,

Jerine Rosato Manager, PMO [email protected]

http://www.kimley-horn.com/

mailto:[email protected]

City of Modesto: Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies Kimley-Horn March 17, 2017

i

Table of Contents

Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies Cover Letter Section 1: Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction to Comparable City Benchmarking .................................................... 1 Figure 1.1: Cites and Points of Contact ................................................................ 2

Section 2: Research Findings ............................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Comparable Fiber Optic City Projects .................................................................... 3 Figure 2.1: City of Modesto Demographics .......................................................... 3 Figure 2.2: City of Santa Monica........................................................................... 4 Figure 2.3: City of Santa Clarita ............................................................................ 7 Figure 2.4: City of Glendale ................................................................................ 10 Figure 2.5: City of Pasadena .............................................................................. 12

Section 3: Appendix.......................................................................................................................... 15


1

Section 1

Methodology

1.1 Introduction to Comparable City Benchmarking

ThirdWave Corporation, in conjunction with Kimley-Horn, worked with staff of the City of Modesto to determine four cities to contact and garner information as to how they began and operate their fiber network for commercial services. The research consisted of: • Creating a list of potential cities in California that met the

City’s criteria: o Population of approximately 200,000 – 300,000 o In operations for at least one-year o Operations has a private sector/business service component

• The final list of cities was chosen by Modesto for research. • Modesto provided the areas of interest for the research. • Each city was contacted to schedule a time to speak. • Interviews were conducted. • All information was synthesized into a table for Modesto’s use. • In February 2017, the City requested follow up information to two of the original questions,

and added one new. • Each target city was contacted and new information was added to the report.

The following pages provides the data collected in the benchmarking process.


2

Figure 1.1: Cites and Points of Contact

City Contact person Phone / Email

Santa Monica Gary Carter Community Broadband Manager Santa Monica City Net Dark Fiber Leasing and Lit Fiber Services

310.434.2612 [email protected]

Santa Clarita Benny Ives; Technology Services Manager


Glendale Craig Kuennen; Business Transformation & Marketing Administrator

818.548.3369

Pasadena Lori Sandoval; Telecom & Regulatory Administrator


mailto:[email protected]


3

Section 2

Research Findings 2.1 Comparable Fiber Optic City Projects The figure below provides the demographic data for each of the cities researched. The data reflects population figures from the 2010 Census. Figure 2.1: City of Modesto Demographics

Modesto

Demographics • Population – 201,165 • Land Area – 36.867 sq. mi. • Water area – 0.225 sq. mi. • Form of government – City Council/City Manager • Rank in CA – 48 • Incorporated – 8/6/1884 • Population change 2010 – + 6.5% • Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 5.0%


4

Figure 2.2: City of Santa Monica

1. Santa Monica

Demographics • Population – 89,736 • Land Area – 8.41 sq. mi. • Water area – 0.001 sq. mi. • Form of government – City Council/City Manager • Rank in CA – 80 • Incorporated – 11/30/1886 • Population change 2010 – + 6.7% • Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 3.9%

Implementation Timeline

• 2000 – 2002 - constructed Institutional Network (INet), connecting city government, schools, and colleges. Restricted to City operations, as it was built on leased infrastructure and not owned by the City.

• 2003 – telecommunications savings rolled over to CIP project for Municipal Network – City does Phase 1 of its own fiber.

• 2006 - City begins leasing dark fiber to community stakeholders.

• 2010 to present – City continues growing the network. o Network began with 10 gigabit per second lit fiber services

and upgrades to 100 gigabits per second. o SMCITYNET becomes an entity.

Strategy of implementation (phases, all at once, who received first, second, etc.)

• Researched utilities within the City for a model. • Patchwork network over 10 years. • Used for economic development. • Continue growth and provide fiber for home use.

Issues encountered (funding, construction, regulations, legal, etc.)

• Applied for a grant through the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), however it was not awarded.

How long has it been operational, how well is it working now, and how long did it take to be a success/ disappointment

• 13 years. • Began seeing small successes within the first year and

continued to grow.


5

Funding strategy – grants, taxes, etc.

• Because the project was successful, the City began to see how a profit could be made.

• SMCITYNET became an enterprise fund in 2016 and is part of the City’s General fund.

Governance – Who owns and operates

• The City owns and operates the network.

Pricing and Marketing strategies

- How were they agreed upon

• Utilize as a tool for Economic Development (ED). Built in a little buffer for growth.

• The City conducted studies, workgroups, and community meetings to garner information for need.

• Utilized a cost recovery model for pricing.

Follow-up - What did the City do to publicize service and attract customers? (e.g. outreach to business groups, flyers by community economic development, etc.)

• Most marketing was by the manager versus ED. • Budget for marketing and administrative indirect cost were

approximately $250,000 a year. o Included items such as marketing and communications,

community promotions, giveaways and booths at public forums. Also, covered consultants, designers, print services, consultant time, staff time, community group meeting marketing time, Chamber of Commerce socials, get-together breakfasts with tech community, and outreach sources.

Implementation Budget

• Started with $18,000 for the first year’s funding, to lease fiber from private entities.

• Savings shown from the leasing, so used savings to implement.

• Implementation was built on existing infrastructure.

Operations Budget • Presently the budget is approximately $1.5M annually. • The organization generates approximately $2M annually.

Follow up: Additional details ($$ and/or FTE) regarding recurring maintenance and staffing costs

• $800,000 annually for operating expensive. • $300,000 capital expenditures. • $400,000 administrative indirect costs about (office space,

electrical, finance and HR support). • $250,000 marketing and administrative indirect costs related to

promotion. • For staffing, there is blend of FTEs from across the City in

support. 4 FTE is the total; however, they are broken into several staff to total 4. They include:


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o Analyst - working as Marketing Coordinator; o Civil Engineer for plans, permits, and construction; o Analysts for accounts payable, acquisitions, and contracts

administration; o Network Engineer; and o Manager of division. o Other divisional resources brought in to help manage the

network from other IT divisions. These included: 2 other network resources totaling 30% FTE, another 25% FTE of a Principle Analyst, who served as budget analyst and helped with procurement, and an Asset Manager for broadband bidding and equipment specification at 25% FTE.

Other initiatives funded through revenues collected – any economic development

• As revenue grew it funded many other programs or initiatives. • Major player at first for economic development. • As business use increased, more revenue was generated for

SMCITYNET.

Managing expectations of Council/Elected officials

• Much excitement was generated for and by Council. • Extensive communication from City executive management to

Council members to keep them abreast. • Council saw it as a silver bullet for Economic Development. • Provided Council a plan showing when a break even and

profit could be made and they supported the program. • The more businesses came on board, the more support

Council provided.

Lessons learned/Any surprises

• With the increase and availability of services: o Property vacancy rates went from 30% to 0%. o Companies began buying out each other’s leases to gain

more space. • Build the program incrementally and in small steps. • Build only what can be accomplished to be successful.

Additional question: What was the process for a new customer to connect to network and obtain service? What is the customer cost for service (connection cost, monthly rate)?

• Sales Force is utilized to track the progress of the entire process. • Customer shows interest and asks for a proposal from the City. • An Analyst from Marketing will build a proposal. • Sometimes requests will come from business leads and move to

hot leads. • Potential customers get information on flat rates for tiered

services. The customer is told about onetime costs for construction and entry to building. A proposal for 2-years with ongoing monthly costs is generated.

• Then Analyst turns leads over to the financial force system.


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• Once contract is signed, The City hires a company to do construction to connect the building. The City only does field work and no in building work.

• Once construction is completed the customer is on boarded and reimburses the City in full for all construction costs per contract agreement.

• Construction process is between 30 to 90 days, but not to exceed 90 days and construction is not to exceed 13-15% contingency.

• The customer is given access to their portal, training, customer account login information, and email accounts.

• Then, the customer is activated and certifies the network is ready for use. Once customer testing is complete, the onboarding is completed. This process can happen in a day, but typically takes 2-3 days.

• Non-recurring construction costs vary. They also broker IP as well. They will offer 1 of 4 IP’s during the onboarding process.

• Santa Monica owns and operates the network. They verify the 3rd party IP provider delivers all services as agreed to in the brokering process.

Additional information

• The City (SMCITYNET) didn’t look at the venture just as a profit-making venture. It was about developing a community, providing Universal Access to all, growing the education, health and safety of a community. The City believes it is about providing for the common good and growing business and providing more jobs.

• The City (SMCITYNET) continues to research other utilities, to see what they do right and what needs improving.

• The City (SMCITYNET) received many accolades and acknowledgements on the program from international organizations, Federal, and State governments.


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Figure 2.3: City of Santa Clarita

2. Santa Clarita

Demographics • Population – 176,320 • Land Area – 52.72 sq. mi. • Water area – 0.06 sq. mi. • Form of government – City council/City Manager • Rank in CA – 24 • Incorporated – 12/15/1987 • Population change 2010 – + 16.7% • Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 3.4%


• Fiber began in the City Traffic Engineering Division when the City received federal grants for the implementation of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) throughout the city.

• In 2012 a proof of concept was started for using fiber installed by the City for commercial use.

• The City is still very new at providing any services other than dark fiber.


• The City only leases the dark fiber to Wilcon. • Use of fiber for other services came after the full implementation

of the ITS.


• Problems facing the City and business alike was the proverbial last mile issue.

• From the street to the front door cost were astronomical; couple this with what was referred to as business condos where multiple businesses setup operations in one large complex and none could agree on who should pay how much for what.

• Nothing was cost effective.


• In operations since 2012 to support the ITS initiative. • It has been very successful leasing dark fiber to a partner that

operates and provides services only on the leased fiber.


• Federal grants were used for infrastructure for the ITS project. • The City built on the infrastructure with additional fiber put in place

during the ITS Project.


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• Wilcon operates the network. • The City owns the network. • There is no direct governance in place to oversee and guide the

process other than ITS traffic engineering standards and specifications.

• No services are directly provided only particular dark fiber strands for use by Wilcon.

Pricing and Marketing strategies – how were they agreed upon

• Actual pricing was not provided, but the City did provide the methodology at which they achieved it.

• Bulk rates were given to Wilcon with certain contract terms. • They researched other cities and what they were doing and

decided that rather than ask for top dollars they would “get their feet wet” and reap the indirect benefit of bringing business to the City.

• This was viewed as part of their economic development investment.

• The City and Wilcon agreed on a 10-year contract with three 5-year renewals options.

• After the 10-year contract expires the City can use the no reason opt-out clause.

• They also agreed to pricing where the more they lease the better the price for Wilcon. The contract also allows for CPI adjustments.

Follow-up - What did the City do to publicize service and attract customers? (e.g. outreach to business groups, flyers by community economic development, etc.)

• Wilcon is not currently providing ISP services to anyone in the City. Wilcon is only leasing dark fiber strands from the City.

• However, it's their goal to serve as an ISP, but it has not launched it. When it does,

• Wilcon will be marketing to the business community. In terms of dark fiber strand lease pricing, the pricing was based on analysis on what other cities where charging but also realized the City is new to this and did not attempt to command top dollar for fiber.


• Implementation budget was covered through the Traffic Division.

Operations Budget

• Annual operations budget is very minimal as there is no equipment to support and staff time is very minimal.

• Wilcon pays for any maintenance on equipment and fiber as they operate it.


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• One position was identified to act as the primary contact on all matters regarding fiber. The position was not dedicated to just the fiber and the percentage of time spent on fiber issues varies.


• No response was provided.


• All revenue from leases go directly into the General Fund. • The lower cost on leasing out fiber is part of the economic

development.


• Council was very aware of the issues around providing cost-effective internet to the businesses within the City, which made it easier to get them onboard moving forward with the proof-of-concept and then leasing of dark fiber.

• The only concern has been a concern on receiving the best price for the product/service.


• Always lay more fiber than you think you need. • Be aware of what wireless can do as the performance is

increasing and the Capex is decreasing. • Wireless may become more cost effective than fiber.


• The City is exploring this but not there yet. • Wilcon has not setup their POP in the City to serve as an ISP

either. If another customer that wants to lease dark fiber, the City would most certainly be interested provided they pay market rate and the lease of those strands does not impede on the City's use of its fiber.

• Availability of strands is currently not an issue.


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• The City launched into dark fiber leasing in 2012. They lease 86 miles of dark fiber to Wilcon.

• There are many ideas on the table about things and services that could be offered to businesses or other entities. These are still in the brainstorming and research stage.

• The agreement with Wilcon is that if any fiber is installed by Wilcon within city jurisdiction, that fiber becomes the property of the City.

• The City Traffic Division maintains the installation standards and operations & maintenance standards for all city-owned fiber. When Wilcon installs new fiber, they do so per City standard plans. After completion, all as-built plans are turned over to traffic engineering for inventory.

• The City owns and leases by contract to Wilcon with a “keep it simple” approach.


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Figure 2.4: City of Glendale

3. Glendale

Demographics • Population – 191,719 • Land Area – 30.45 sq. mi. • Water area – 0.13 sq. mi. • Form of government – City Council/City Manager • Rank in CA – 23 • Incorporated – 2/15/1906 • Population change 2010 – (-1.7%) • Estimated population change estimate 2015 – +4.9%


• Implemented around 2002 – 2004.


• Implemented in one year and in one phase.


• None


• Fiber has been operational for 10 – 12 years. • There is only one commercial customer. • They are developing a Fiber Business Plan for future commercial

uses.


• No specific strategy. • Received approval from Council. • Fiber is managed by Water and Power and utilizes their funding.


• Water and Power owns and operates the fiber. • Traffic also has some fiber for their own needs, but it is managed

separately.


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• There hasn’t been any specific marketing yet. • They haven’t settled on a pricing structure. It is under

consideration. • They are aware that the City of Burbank has a program and the

charges are higher than Glendale. • Anticipate increasing charges.

Follow up: What did the City do to publicize service and attract customers? (e.g. outreach to business groups, flyers by community economic development, etc.)

• Anticipating taking a new fee schedule to City Council within the next few months. No other details provided.


• Implementation budget unknown.

Operations Budget

• There is no budget for Operations & Maintenance. • One FTE recently retired and has not been replaced. • Unsure what the on-going budget will look like.


• Utilizing contractors for on-going work. No details or costs supplied.


• All revenues will go to Water and Power for future expansions.


• Staff presented high-level plan. • Council supported and approved • Because Burbank has been successful, Council is supportive of

increasing the commercial aspect to make the city more marketable.


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• It is very important to have the right resources. • Originally had hourly staff who were no committed to the project

full-time. • Important to have processes in place for operations.


• The process for a new customer has not yet been developed, nor has the fee schedule and origination costs been determined.


• Glendale has been following the success of Burbank who started their program at a similar time.

• Glendale’s primary use has been for internal operations. • Glendale had some challenges in determining who would own and operate the fiber

program. Unsure as to how it was determined Water and Power.


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Figure 2.5: City of Pasadena

4. Pasadena

Demographics • Population – 137,122 • Land Area – 22.97 sq. mi. • Water area – 0.158 sq. mi. • Form of government – City Council/City Manager • Rank in CA – 40 • Incorporated – 6/19/1886 • Population change 2010 – +2.4% • Estimated population change estimate 2015 – +3.7


• From approval to go live took 18 months.


• All 25 miles were completed in one phase in 1999.


• Power and Water was to implement originally, but ended up that there were not enough staff resources, so needed to bring in outside support.

• Underestimated the need of fiber for the City and overestimated the need for fiber for commercial use.

• Originally leased 124 of 144 strands, but took back 12 when a restatement of the lease was done.

• Commercial service limited due to significant costs in getting the fiber to the customer.


• Operational since 1999. • Began dark fiber leasing in 1998 to meet a customer’s need. • Lit service began in 2014/15.


• The City took a loan from the general fund for the project. • Because of leasing structure, it was paid back within one year.


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• Pasadena owns and operates the network. • No other governance structure was considered.


• For dark fiber – the City surveyed other cities for how it was being accomplished.

• Determined Palo Alto model would be best, with periodic adjustments.

• Lit services – the City researched other cities, to find the ‘sweet spot’ to recoup upfront costs and customer’s willingness to pay for Gig service.

• Marketing is light. Information is on the website and there is a separate broadband page with all carriers.

• The City also has offices in commercial buildings, so they will market to property managers of those buildings.

• Service is part of the Economic Development’s toolkit.

Follow up: What did the City do to publicize service and attract customers? (e.g. outreach to business groups, flyers by community economic development, etc.)

• Economic Development shares very general information about potential fiber connectivity with target businesses and property owners as it works to encourage them to locate or remain in Pasadena.

• Fiber information is not included in any formal ED marketing type materials (currently working on a write-up that ED may use to tailor information to the type of business they are working with – landlords vs. new property developers vs. large commercial bandwidth consumers.)

• Currently ED sharing of fiber info is very much case by case, and primarily verbal. ED does turn to IT to communicate directly with targets re: detailed information and analysis about how fiber can help achieve specific attraction or retention goals.


• $1.8M and came in under budget. • Because most fiber was aerial, they only needed to do 80 feet of

new conduit.


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Operations Budget

• Operations budget is $400K annually and includes soft costs and future expansions.

• $75K in Capital Improvement budget annually, also for expansion. • Revenues generated are used for expansion and operations.


• Staffing – The Dept. of IT has 1.5 FTEs dedicated to fiber management. The Deputy CIO charges approximately 20% of his time to fiber management as well. Also, receive support from Power Division staff as needed to access the fiber, and from the GIS group related to fiber documentation.

• There are other staff – in IT, Transportation, and Power – who are involved in the specifics of how their departments use fiber to meet operational requirements (e.g., planning and implementing a DWDM network over City fiber strands, or connecting traffic management or power monitoring devices via fiber).

• There are contracts in place for fiber emergency troubleshooting, fiber engineering/project management, conduit construction, installation, materials, and splicing and testing. Fiber emergencies and maintenance represent a small fraction of the contract expenses – by far fiber expansion (CIP) accounts for most expenses, followed by costs incurred related to bringing new customers on.

• Charges for fiber emergency troubleshooting are incurred if technicians are dispatched. There is no retainer or recurring cost.

• There are modest costs annually (less than $2,500 most years) related to the attachment to poles owned by entities other than the City.

• The costs are low primarily because the network is mostly underground and the City owns many of the poles that attach to in overhead areas.

• Other jurisdictions may incur very different costs if their networks are largely aerial and if they need to rent space on many poles they don’t own.

• Other initiatives funded through revenues collected – any economic development

• Currently, the City is in the second year of five-year plan, funded through revenues.

• There is a minimal incentive ($5K) that can be offered to offset new customer upfront costs.


• Extensive upfront planning, research, and communications was done from the beginning, keeping Council and management in the loop.

• The loan was paid quickly, which pleased Council.


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• In 2011/12 the City conducted a workshop for future expansions.


• Leveraging existing conduit helps keep costs down. • There are some challenges in using the Transportation network (for

expansion), which is separate, and was built using Federal/State monies. Because of funding compliance, there is a concern that the fiber cannot be used for revenue-generating operations. Under investigation and the thought is that because it has been so many years, there may not be a challenge.


• Interested customers typically start with the Telecon & Regulatory Administrator, asking about what service or dark fiber is available.

• The process typically includes the following:

o Determination of whether City fiber service or dark fiber connectivity is a good fit for the customer’s requirements (currently offer 1 or 10 Gb transport service paired with Internet service from a local ISP, and dark fiber links).

o An Engineering analysis, including field surveys, to identify a cost-efficient path to extend fiber to the customer, based on proximity to existing fiber and available conduit to their site.

o Identification of costs, and preparation of a quote and customer-specific terms and conditions.

o Execution of a standard City of Pasadena fiber service agreement or fiber license agreement.

o City Council approval of agreements generating $75,000 or more in revenue.

o Installation and lighting of the fiber (for service customers), testing, and hand-off in close coordination with the customer.

• There isn’t a “standard fiber rate card”; there is a review of specifics for each location/agreement and sometimes an adjustment of installation charges for multi-year agreements, locations with multiple current/future customers, etc.

• Typical costs are below: Dark Fiber Licenses – Use of Backbone Strands

o Annual fiber license fee of $2,340 per strand mile. o Annual interconnection fee of $2.34 per foot of lateral

connecting customer site to the backbone. o Installation cost – Customer pays installation cost at beginning

of license term.


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o Standard City fiber license agreement applies.

• 1 Gb Fiber Transport Service – On-Net Buildings with DWDM capacity

o Annual fee of $18,000, invoiced quarterly o Customer procures ISP service separately from local ISP o Standard City fiber service agreement applies

• 1 Gb Fiber Transport Service – New Site Connections o Installation cost of $25,000 or less o Annual fee of $24,960, invoiced quarterly o No upfront installation cost to customer OR o Annual fee of $18,000 o Customer pays full installation cost as upfront charge

• Installation cost of more than $25,000

o Annual fee of $24,960, invoiced quarterly o Customer pays installation cost above $25,000 as upfront

charge o Customer procures ISP service separately from local ISP o Standard City fiber service agreement applies

Additional information The $400k for operations is a very round number. Budgeting for Pasadena’s fiber-related functions is quite complicated, and is managed primarily by someone in the Admin/Budget group. A couple of factors contribute to the complexity:

• Fiber operations are supported both by the Dept. of IT (general management) and by the

Water & Power Dept. (for access to the fiber, which is primarily in power conduit).

• Most of the activities relate to a Fiber Expansion Capital Improvement Project (CIP) and to customer connections and support, rather than fiber maintenance. Staff is budgeted in the Operating Budget, expansion costs (engineering, installation, materials) are budgeted in the CIP.

• Costs vary year to year based on customer requests and field conditions (it could go years between fiber breaks, then face repairs in the tens of thousands due to wind storms, car accidents affecting utility poles, and power system incidents, etc.).

The City Manager and Power and Water had the concept at almost the same time. This was good for support, but also some challenge on who would own the project and revenues.


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Section 3

Appendix Questions and Responses for Cities • Santa Monica • Santa Clarita • Glendale • Pasadena


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Santa Monica From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who received 1st, 2nd, etc. The timeline is on the web site at www.smcitynet.com. (take info from timeline) It is important to note we started small and grew as projects were successful and demand became apparent. It is important to do it in incrementally small steps and only what can be accomplished and be successful at. Lots of research and planning. Look at other utilities within the city as a model to follow. Take time to build out and not take on too much. Ours was a patchwork of networks coming together over ten years. Even though some of the older stuff became outdated we improved and updated as we went. Be sure to use for economic development as they help to promote each other. Important note that this year in July SM City Net became an enterprise fund source in the city’s General Ledger. There was a note of “build it and they will come” in the approach.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations, etc.)? We applied for a grant from the National Telecommunications and Information Administration which was denied. So, we started small and grew in incremental steps. Keep going even though you run into obstacles.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? What was the pivotal point that said success or not? 13 years – started small and grew.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the funding strategy? We took projects to City Council and showed have it would benefit the City; and how it could turn a project around quickly and show a profit.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering committee, etc.) How was this decided? The City owns and operates the network, although the helpdesk and network support for the private business side is contracted out. We report to the City IT organization and follow best practices for design, support, and operations. The City standards drive our development.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? There were many workshops involving community, City staff and Council members. Lots of communication building enthusiasm and support. We used a cost recovery model with a small buffer to put towards future projects. It was also recognized that this was an excellent economic development tool to bring business to our community. So, we wrote off some of the cost towards ED. We had to do very little marketing as Silicon Beach Tech Hub took hold and the economy picked up with businesses pouring in.

http://www.smcitynet.com/


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Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? I was given $18,000 and told that I needed to at least cover my wages for the year, I tripled that. Currently our operations budget runs between $1.2 Million and $1.3 Million. We made about $2 Million last year.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development, further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus, operational, versus initiatives determined? As revenue grew it funded many other programs or initiatives (never talked about specifics, got the impression it was open to needs) We took a portion and set aside for future CIP projects for the network. Major player at first for economic development. As business came more revenue came back to SMCITYNET making it more self-sufficient.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of Council/Elected officials or public? It was easy and we started to show how we could save money and bring business to the City the Council was all over it. It generated a lot of excitement and was seen as a silver bullet for economic development. As we did more projects I could show how it could be done using savings from previous portions for CIP and when there would be a break even and a possible profit could be made. The City Council became one of our biggest advocates. As more business came in the more support we got. Communication!!!

Did you experience any surprises at any point? Phenomenal growth as we increase the availability of our services. Our property vacancy rates went from 30% to 0% with companies buying out each other’s leases to gain more space. We ran out of space.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future? You will set yourself up for failure if you only consider costs and profit at first.

Any additional information you’d like to share? While we talked about profit, we never looked at the venture just as a profit-making venture. It is about developing a community, providing Universal Access to all, growing the education, health and safety of a community. Providing for the common good and growing business and providing more jobs. We look at the other utilities, what they did right and what they needed to improve. Who better to provide network services to the community that the City who provides streets, water, sewer and in some cases power to its constituents.


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Santa Clarita From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who received 1st, 2nd, etc. The City of Santa Clarita fiber started out in the City Traffic Engineering Division when the City received federal grants for the implementation of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) throughout the City. It was stated the City is still very green (new) at providing any services other than dark fiber. The City only leases the dark fiber to Wilcon.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations, etc.)? There was not any additional funding needed for the launch of the initial proof-of-concept. All fiber was in place for the ITS project and the city used it as appropriate. Again, it is important to note that the Traffic Division owns and operates the city fiber in conjunction with their ITS implementation. Use of fiber for other things came after the full implementation of the ITS.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? In 2012 a proof of concept was started for using fiber installed by the City for commercial use.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the funding strategy? Problems facing the city and business alike was the proverbial last mile issue for good communication. From the street to the front door cost were astronomical; couple this with what was referred to as business condos where multiple businesses setup operations in one large complex and none could agree on who should pay how much for what. Nothing was cost effective. in 2012, Freedom Telecommunications approached the City to lease dark fiber to complete a project to connect sites for a major carrier. They needed dark fiber at a cost-effective price. Hence the City launches into dark fiber leasing. Times have progressed to the point today where the city leases their dark fiber to Wilcon. At present, Wilcon leases a total of 86 fiber miles.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering committee, etc.) How was this decided? The agreement with Wilcon is that if any fiber is installed by Wilcon within city jurisdiction that fiber becomes the property of the City. The City Traffic Division maintains the installation standards and operations & maintenance standards for all the city-owned fiber. When Wilcon installs new fiber, they do so per those city standard plans. After completion, all as-built plans are turned over to traffic engineering for inventory. The process is simple the city owns and leases by contract to Wilcon with a “keep it simple” approach. This was the approach throughout the deal making with Wilcon.

There is no direct governance in place to oversee and guide the process other than ITS traffic engineering standards and specifications. No services are directly provided only particular dark fiber strands for use by Wilcon.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? In the contract negotiations Wilcon started out wanting a 25-year exclusive contract. The city and Wilcon agreed on a 10-year contract with three 5-year renewals options. After the 10-year


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contract expires the city can use the no reason opt-out clause. They also agreed to bulk rate pricing where the more they lease the better the price for Wilcon. The contract also allows for CPI adjustments.

They researched other cities and what they were doing and decided that rather than ask for top dollars they would “get their feet wet” and reap the indirect benefit of bringing business to the city. It was a part of their economic development investment.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? Implementation budget was covered through the traffic division. Annual budget is very minimal as there is no equipment to support and staff time is very minimal. Wilcon pays for any maintenance on equipment and fiber as they operate it. One position was identified to act as the primary contact on all matters regarding fiber. The position was not dedicated to just the fiber and the percentage of time spent on fiber issues varies.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development, further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus, operational, versus initiatives determined? All revenue from the leases goes directly into the general fund.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of Council/Elected officials or public? City Council was very aware of the issues around providing cost effective internet to the businesses within the city. This made it easier to get them onboard moving forward with the proof-of-concept and then leasing of dark fiber. The only concern that came up was are we getting the best price for our product/service.

Did you experience any surprises at any point? None.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future? Two things to consider always lay more fiber than you think you need and be aware of what wireless can do as the performance is increasing and the Capex is decreasing. Wireless may become more cost effective than fiber.

Any additional information you’d like to share? One note is that Technology Services division has limited involvement now. There is a great working relationship with traffic engineering but since the fiber leasing is all that takes place security is the primary service provided to the transport process.

There are many ideas on the table about things and services that could be offered to businesses or other entities. These are still in the brainstorming and research stage.


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Glendale From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who received 1st, 2nd, etc. The fiber was implemented about 10- 12 years ago, and it took about one-year to construct. It was done all at once, but there are plans to expand.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations, etc.)? None.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? What was the pivotal point that said success or not? 10 – 12 years. It works well for internal operations. Right now, there is only one commercial customer, but a Fiber Business Plan is under development for future business/commercial use.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the funding strategy ? No specific strategy. Fiber is run through Water and Power, so staff went to Council to ask and receive approval of funding.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering committee, etc.) How was this decided? Water and Power owns and operates City fiber. Traffic also has some fiber, but it is managed separate.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? Haven’t marketed yet nor determined pricing structure. They do know they are charging less than Burbank, so have plans to raise prices soon. They are still working on a pricing structure for going forward and did not include any details in the Plan.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? There is no funding currently for Operations & Maintenance. They had one FTE who retired and has not been replaced. They are still unclear as to what the budget will look like.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development, further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus, operational, versus initiatives determined? All revenues will go back to Water and Power for future expansions.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of Council/Elected officials or public? Council was supportive from the beginning. Staff presented a high-level plan for implementation and go-forward. Because the new thought is to


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add business to the service and they have seen success in Burbank, Council is very supportive as it will make the city more marketable.

Did you experience any surprises at any point? Nothing too surprising. The only challenge was who internally would own and operate, as several stepped forward. Craig wasn’t sure how it was finally determined to go through Water and Power.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future? Water and Power believes it very important to have the right staffing on board. They only had hourly staff and it was not a full-time commitment. It is also important to have the right processes in place to operate it.

Any additional information you’d like to share? They have been following Burbank for how they are managing their program. Burbank began their program about the same time as Glendale. They believe it is successful. Glendale’s primary use has been internal operations, but realize it can be expanded to include commercial.


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Pasadena From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who received 1st, 2nd, etc. – 12-18 months and there was little conduit construction. All 25 miles were completed in one phase.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations, etc.)? Originally Power and Water was to do it, and leverage the existing utility poles/conduits, but it ended up that staff resources were not as available as anticipated, so needed to bring in outside consultants. They underestimated the need the City had for the fiber and overestimated the need by the business community. Of the 144 strands, they leased out 124, but it was hardly used. The original lessee was acquired by TW Telecon, so a restatement of the lease was done. At that time the City took back 12 strands. Commercial service was very limited because there was a significant cost in getting it to the customer. Small offices that are looking for 50 – 100 mgb service call, but the city offers 1 Gig service, so it’s not cost-effective with install costs of $20K - $30K.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? Operational since 1999. Began dark fiber leasing in 1998 to meet a specific customer’s need. Then provided lit service in 2014/15.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the funding strategy? Used a loan from the general revenues and paid back within one year because of how the leasing structure was set. Most of the fiber was leased from the beginning.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering committee, etc.) How was this decided? Pasadena owns and operates the network. It was never really considered to do it any other way.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? For dark fiber, Pasadena surveyed other cites see how they did it. They settled on the Palo Alto model and follow it still with minor adjustments from time to time. (Unable to get any further information on the structure)

Lit services – researched others and tried to find what would be considered the ‘sweet spot’ between what the city would need to recoup upfront costs versus the customer’s willingness to pay for Gig service. The City provides Gig transport service to the ISP who is Cogent, and Cogent provides the ISP service. Marketing is very light. There is information on the website and a broadband page listing all the services available, which includes Pasadena. The City has offices in commercial buildings and the fiber is connected. They will market to the property managers of the buildings. Some word of mouth marketing is done as well. The service is also part of Economic Development’s toolkit.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? They were all in at $1.8M and came in slightly under budget. This included marketing to the private sector as well as soft costs of consultants


28

and staff time. There was a benefit of only needing to do 80’ of conduit install of the full 25-mile network.

Annually, the operations budget is $400k, including 1.5 FTE, and budget for future expansions. This is funded through the revenues collected. There is also $75k in Capital Improvement for expansion. They are in year two of a five-year plan, so in total, it is about $800K per year, with the remainder funding provided through Power and Water.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development, further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus, operational, versus initiatives determined? Revenues mostly go for future expansion and operations. There is a minimal ($5K) incentive for new customers to offset connection costs. Economic Development has their own funding to attract new business. The City uses the fiber, connects facilities, and IT provides support, but there is no revenue generated from this.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of Council/Elected officials or public? Research and communication up front helped. They started with a business plan in the beginning that was shared and supported by Council. They identified the upfront costs and on-going so there were no surprises. They surveyed private business for the opportunity. They also paid the loan off very quickly, which pleased the Council. The only other major communications were when they needed to restate the lease when the original partner was acquired by TW Telecom. In 2011/12 there was a Fiber Workshop that laid the foundation for the future expansion.

Did you experience any surprises at any point? Damage caused by rodents and tree trimmers. Much of the fiber was overhead. Now all fiber is placed in interduct.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future? Using existing conduit was important and more cost effective. Leveraging existing conduit also makes it easier to get work completed. Because they are using utility facilities, they always need to go through them, so have uphill challenges. Also, they would like to use the Transportation network, but because it was both state and federally funded there is a cautionary note on whether it can be used because of restrictions against revenue generation. This is still being researched, but because the funding was so many years ago, there is a thought that it might not be challenged.

Any additional information you’d like to share? The City Manager and Power and Water had the original thought about the same time, so it helped in pushing it forward and get support. There can be challenges though, in determining who owns the network and revenues.



Appendix E

Fiber optic Cable Cut Sheets

760053314760053314 | | DD--048048--LALA--8W8W--F12NSF12NS Single Jacket/Single Armor, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable

l Corrugated steel tape armor is strong yet flexible, providing additional crush and rodent protection

Representative Image

General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube Construction Type Armored Subunit Type Gelfree

Construction Materials Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2) Jacket Material PE Total Fiber Count 48 Armor Type Corrugated steel Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2) Fiber Type, quantity 48 Fibers per Subunit, quantity 12 Jacket Color Black Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in Cable Weight 108.0 kg/km | 72.0 lb/kft Diameter Over Jacket 11.50 mm | 0.45 in Filler, quantity 1 Subunit, quantity 4

Physical Specifications

Product SpecificationsProduct Specifications

©©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by 2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope.or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016

page 1 of 3page 1 of 3May 31, 2016May 31, 2016

Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 17.3 cm | 6.8 in Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 11.5 cm | 4.5 in Tensile Load, long term, maximum 800 N | 180 lbf Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf Vertical Rise, maximum 760.0 m | 2494.0 ft

Environmental Specifications Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F) Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F) Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications Compression 250 lb/in | 44 N/mm Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 607941 E3 Flex 35 cycles Flex Test Method FOTP104 | IEC 607941 E6 Impact 2.17 ft lb | 2.94 Nm Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 607941 E4 Strain See long and short term tensile loads Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 607941 E1 Twist 10 cycles Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 607941 E7 Water Penentration 24 h Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 607941 F5

Environmental Test Specifications Cable Freeze 2 °C | 28 °F Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98 | IEC 607941 F15 Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F) Heat Age Test Method IEC 607941 F9 Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F) Low High Bend Test Method FOTP37 | IEC 607941 E11 Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F) Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3 | IEC 607941 F1

Qualification Specifications Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S87640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR20

Regulatory Compliance/CertificationsAgency ClassificationRoHS 2011/65/EU CompliantISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

Product SpecificationsProduct Specifications760053314 | D760053314 | D--048048--LALA--8W8W--F12NSF12NS



Included Products

CS8WLT (Product Component—not orderable) — TeraSPEED® OS2 Singlemode Fiber

* Footnotes

Operating Temperature Specification applicable to nonterminated bulk fiber cable




760053876760053876 | | DD--048048--LNLN--8W8W--F12NSF12NS Single Jacket AllDielectric, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable


General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube Construction Type Nonarmored Subunit Type Gelfree

Construction Materials Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2) Jacket Material PE Total Fiber Count 48 Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2) Fiber Type, quantity 48 Fibers per Subunit, quantity 12 Jacket Color Black Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in Cable Weight 66.0 kg/km | 44.0 lb/kft Diameter Over Jacket 10.20 mm | 0.40 in Filler, quantity 1 Subunit, quantity 4

Physical Specifications Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 15.3 cm | 6.0 in



page 1 of 3page 1 of 3March 28, 2016March 28, 2016

Included Products


Product SpecificationsProduct Specifications760053876 | D760053876 | D--048048--LNLN--8W8W--F12NSF12NS



Part Number: 048EUC-T4101D20

Cross Section of Part Number: 048EUC-T4101D20

Ripcord

Dielectric Central Element

Fiber

Buffer Tube

Water-Swellable Tape

Corrugated Steel Armor

Filling Element

Polyethylene (PE) Outer Jacket

212.4564

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Lite™ Gel -Free, Single -Jacket, Single -Armored Cables are designed for campus backbones in direct -buried installations. The loose tube design provides stable and highly reliable transmission parameters for a variety of voice, data, video and imaging applications. These cables also provide high -fiber density within a given cable diameter while allowing flexibility to suit many system configurations. The single armored construction provides additional crush and rodent protection with a high -strength ripcord under the armor for easy stripping. Gel -free means the cables are fully waterblocked using craft -friendly, water -swellable materials which make cable access simple and require no clean up. The flexible, craft -friendly buffer tubes are easy to route in closures, and the SZ -stranded, loose tube design isolates fibers from installation and en-vironmental rigors while allowing easy midspan access. These cables have a medium density polyethylene jacket that is rugged, durable and easy to strip.

Corning Cable

Features and BenefitsGel-free waterblocking technologyCraft-friendly cable preparation

Medium-density polyethylene jacketRugged, durable and easy to strip while providing supe-rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and other environmental factors

Corrugated steel tape armorProvides rodent resistance for direct-buried applications

1 1

StandardsCommon Installations Outdoor lashed aerial, duct

and direct-buried; indoor when installed according to National Electrical Code® (NEC®) Article 770

Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-64026.93 115 0

False

ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Product Specification 048EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AENPage 1 | Revision date 2012-08-25

Specifications

General SpecificationsEnvironment Outdoor

Application Aerial, Direct Buried, Duct

Cable Type Loose Tube

Product Type Armored

Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature RangeStorage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)

Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable DesignCentral Element Dielectric

Fiber Count 48

Fiber Coloring Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose, Aqua

Fibers per Tube 12

Number of Tube Positions 6

Number of Active Tubes 4

Buffer Tube Color Coding Blue, Orange, Green, Brown

Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)

Number of Filling Elements 2

Tape Water-swellable

Number of Ripcords 2

Tensile Strength Elements and/or Armoring - Layer 1 Corrugated steel tape armor

Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)

Outer Jacket Color Black

Maximum Fibers per Tube 12

Mechanical Characteristics CableMax. Tensile Strengths, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)

Max. Tensile Strengths, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)

Weight 129 kg/km (87 lb/1000 ft)



Mechanical Characteristics CableNominal Outer Diameter 12.1 mm (0.48 in)

Min. Bend Radius Installation 182 mm (7.2 in)

Min. Bend Radius Operation 121 mm (4.8 in)

Chemical Characteristics

RoHSFree of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/EG

Fiber Specifications

Optical Characteristics (cabled)Fiber Type Single-mode

Fiber Core Diameter 8.2 µm

Fiber Category OS2

Fiber Code E

Performance Option Code 01

Wavelengths 1310 nm / 1383 nm / 1550 nm

Maximum Attenuation 0.4 dB/km / 0.4 dB/km / 0.3 dB/km

Serial 1 Gigabit Ethernet 5000 m / - / -

Serial 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10000 m / - / 40000 m

* ITU-T G.652 D compliant.* Meets 0.75 ns optical skew when used in all Corning Cable Systems Plug & Play™/Pretium EDGE® Systems Solutions.

Notes: 1) Improved attenuation and bandwidth options available. 2) Bend-insensitive single-mode fibers available on request. 3) Contact a Corning Cable Systems Customer Care Representative for additional information.

Ordering InformationPart Number 048EUC-T4101D20

Product Description ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable, 48 F, Single-mode (OS2)



Notes



Corning Cable Systems LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA800-743-2675 • FAX: 828-325-5060 • International: +1-828-901-5000 • www.corning.com/cablesystemsA complete listing of the trademarks of Corning Cable Systems is available at www.corning.com/cablesystems/trademarks. Corning Cable Systems is ISO 9001 certified. © 2012 Corning Cable Systems. All rights reserved.

Part Number: 048EU4-T4701D20

Cross Section of Part Number: 048EU4-T4701D20

FastAccess Locator Ridge



Buffer Tube

Fiber

Filling Element


211.3385

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Cable with FastAccess™ Technology is an all -dielectric gel -free ca-ble designed for outdoor and limited indoor use for cam-pus backbones in lashed aerial and duct installations. The innovative FastAccess Technology feature combined with the all -dielectric gel -free loose tube design simplifies removal of the cable jacket reducing cable end access time by at least 50 percent. Equally important is the over-all reduction in risk of inadvertent fiber damage and risk to installers from sharp cable access tools. The cable is fully waterblocked using craft -friendly, water -swellable materials, which means no clean up is required. The flexible buffer tubes are easy to route in closures, and the SZ -stranded, loose tube design isolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors while allowing easy midspan access. The all -dielectric gel -free cable con-struction requires no bonding or grounding, and these cables have a medium -density polyethylene jacket that is rugged, durable, and easy to handle. A variety of fiber types are available including 62.5 µm and 50 µm, single -mode and hybrid versions, as well as fibers with Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet performance.

Corning Cable

Features and BenefitsContains FastAccess™ TechnologyInnovative cable jacket feature reduces cable end ac-cess time by at least 50 percent and reduces overall risk of inadvertent fiber damage as well as risk to installers from sharp cable access tools


Fully waterblocked loose tube all-dielectric gel-free designSimple access and no clean up

Industry-standard performanceMeets the requirements of Telcordia GR-20, Issue 3 and ICEA S-87-640

Available in 62.5 µm, 50 µm, single-mode and hybrid versionsReady for any application including Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet

1 1

ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric Cable with FastAccess™ Technology48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Product Specification 048EU4-T4701D20_NAFTA_AENPage 1 | Revision date 2012-11-06

StandardsCommon Installations Outdoor lashed aerial and

duct; indoor when installed according to National Electrical Code® (NEC®) Article 770

Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-64026.9297 115 1 1

False

Specifications


Application Aerial, Duct


Product Type Dielectric






Fiber Count 48


Fibers per Tube 12



Buffer Tube Color Coding Blue, Orange, Green, Brown


Number of Filling Elements 2






Cable DesignOuter Jacket Color Black





Nominal Outer Diameter 10.5 mm (0.41 in)








Fiber Category OS2

Fiber Code E










Ordering InformationPart Number 048EU4-T4701D20

Product Description ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric Cable with FastAccess™ Technology, 48 F, Single-mode (OS2)




760053363760053363 | | DD--288288--LALA--8W8W--F12NSF12NS Single Jacket/Single Armor, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable



General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube Construction Type Armored Subunit Type Gelfree


Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in Cable Weight 177.0 lb/kft | 264.0 kg/km Diameter Over Jacket 19.60 mm | 0.77 in Subunit, quantity 24





Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 19.6 cm | 7.7 in Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf Vertical Rise, maximum 310.0 m | 1017.1 ft









Included Products


* Footnotes

Operating Temperature Specification applicable to nonterminated bulk fiber cable




760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS Single Jacket AllDielectric Outdoor Cable AridCore Construction Stranded Loose Tube


General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube

Construction Type Nonarmored

Subunit Type Gelfilled

Construction Materials Fiber Type Solution LazrSPEED® 550, 50 μm multimode fiber

Total Fiber Quantity 288

Fiber Type LazrSPEED® 550, 50 μm multimode fiber

Fiber Type, quantity 288

Fibers Per Subunit, quantity 12

Jacket Color Black

Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.00 mm | 0.12 in

Cable Weight 190.0 lb/kft | 283.0 kg/km

Diameter Over Jacket 21.50 mm | 0.85 in

Subunit, quantity 24


Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 21.5 cm | 8.5 in

Product Specifications

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012

page 1 of 3March 5, 2012

Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N

Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf

Vertical Rise, maximum 289.0 m | 948.2 ft

Environmental Specifications Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried

Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F)

Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)

Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications Compression 125 lb/in | 22 N/mm

Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 60794 12, Section 7

Flex 35 cycles

Flex Test Method FOTP24 | IEC 60794 12, Section 10

Impact 4.88 ft lb | 6.62 Nm

Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 60794 12, Section 8

Strain See long and short term tensile loads

Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 60794 12, Section 5

Twist 10 cycles

Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 60794 12, Section 11

Water Penentration 24 h

Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 60794 12, Section 24

Environmental Test Specifications Cable Freeze 2 °C | 28 °F

Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98

Drip 70 °C | 158 °F

Drip Test Method FOTP81 | IEC 60794 12, Section 17

Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F)

Heat Age Test Method Not applicable

Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F)

Low High Bend Test Method FOTP28 | IEC 60794 12, Section 28

Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)

Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3 | IEC 60794 12, Section 22

Qualification Specifications Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S876402006 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR 20CORE Issue 3

Regulatory Compliance/CertificationsAgency ClassificationRoHS 2002/95/EC CompliantISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

Product Specifications760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS



Included Products

CS5KLT (Product Component—not orderable) — LazrSPEED® 550 OM4 Multimode Fiber

Product Specifications760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS



Part Number: 288EUC-T4101D20

Cross Section of Part Number: 288EUC-T4101D20

Ripcord



Fiber

Buffer Tube


Corrugated Steel Armor


212.8092

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Lite™ Gel -Free, Single -Jacket, Single -Armored Cables are designed for campus backbones in direct -buried installations. The loose tube design provides stable and highly reliable transmission parameters for a variety of voice, data, video and imaging applications. These cables also provide high -fiber density within a given cable diameter while allowing flexibility to suit many system configurations. The single armored construction provides additional crush and rodent protection with a high -strength ripcord under the armor for easy stripping. Gel -free means the cables are fully waterblocked using craft -friendly, water -swellable materials which make cable access simple and require no clean up. The flexible, craft -friendly buffer tubes are easy to route in closures, and the SZ -stranded, loose tube design isolates fibers from installation and en-vironmental rigors while allowing easy midspan access. These cables have a medium density polyethylene jacket that is rugged, durable and easy to strip.

Corning Cable



Corrugated steel tape armorProvides rodent resistance for direct-buried applications

1 1

StandardsCommon Installations Outdoor lashed aerial, duct

and direct-buried; indoor when installed according to National Electrical Code® (NEC®) Article 770


False



Specifications










Fiber Count 288


Fibers per Tube 12



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2 Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*, Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*

Tape, Layer 2 Water-swellable






Notes: *Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors






Nominal Outer Diameter 20 mm (0.79 in)








Fiber Category OS2

Fiber Code E










Ordering InformationPart Number 288EUC-T4101D20

Product Description ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable, 288 F, Single-mode (OS2)




Part Number: 288EU4-T4101D20

Cross Section of Part Number: 288EU4-T4101D20

Ripcord


Buffer Tube


Fiber



210.8297

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® All -Dielectric Gel -Free Cables are designed for outdoor and limited indoor use for campus backbones in lashed aerial and duct installa-tions. The loose tube gel -free design is fully waterblocked using craft -friendly, water -swellable materials, which means cable access is simple and no clean up is re-quired. The flexible craft -friendly buffer tubes are easy to route in closures and the SZ -stranded, loose tube design isolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors while allowing easy midspan access. The all -dielectric cable construction requires no bonding or grounding and these cables have a medium -density polyethylene jacket that is rugged, durable and easy to strip.

Corning Cable



All-dielectric constructionRequires no grounding or bonding

1 1

StandardsCommon Installations Outdoor lashed aerial and

duct; indoor when installed according to National Electrical Code® (NEC®) Article 770


False

ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable288 F, Single-mode (OS2)


Specifications










Fiber Count 288


Fibers per Tube 12



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2 Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*, Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*





Notes: *Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors





Mechanical Characteristics CableWeight 196 kg/km (131 lb/1000 ft)









Fiber Category OS2

Fiber Code E








Ordering InformationPart Number 288EU4-T4101D20

Product Description ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable, 288 F, Single-mode (OS2)



Notes




760181628760181628 | | OO--432432--LALA--8W8W--F24NSF24NS Single Jacket/Single Armor, High Fiber Count, Gel-Filled, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable



General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube Construction Type Armored Subunit Type Gel-filled


Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.50 mm | 0.14 in Cable Weight 241.0 lb/kft | 358.0 kg/km Diameter Over Jacket 22.90 mm | 0.90 in Subunit, quantity 18

Physical Specifications



page 1 of 3page 1 of 3November 23, 2016November 23, 2016

Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 34.3 cm | 13.5 in Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 22.9 cm | 9.0 in Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf Vertical Rise, maximum 228.0 m | 749.0 ft

Environmental Specifications Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried Installation Temperature -30 °C to +70 °C (-22 °F to +158 °F) Operating Temperature -40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to +158 °F) Storage Temperature -40 °C to +75 °C (-40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications Compression 250 lb/in | 44 N/mm Compression Test Method FOTP-41 | IEC 60794-1 E3 Flex 35 cycles Flex Test Method FOTP-104 | IEC 60794-1 E6 Impact 7.35 N-m | 5.42 ft lb Impact Test Method FOTP-25 | IEC 60794-1 E4 Strain See long and short term tensile loads Strain Test Method FOTP-33 | IEC 60794-1 E1 Twist 10 cycles Twist Test Method FOTP-85 | IEC 60794-1 E7 Water Penentration 24 h Water Penentration Test Method FOTP-82 | IEC 60794-1 F5

Environmental Test Specifications Cable Freeze -2 °C | 28 °F Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP-98 | IEC 60794-1 F15 Drip 70 °C | 158 °F Drip Test Method FOTP-81 | IEC 60794-1 E14 Heat Age -40 °C to +85 °C (-40 °F to +185 °F) Heat Age Test Method IEC 60794-1 F9 Low High Bend -30 °C to +60 °C (-22 °F to +140 °F) Low High Bend Test Method FOTP-37 | IEC 60794-1 E11 Temperature Cycle -40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to +158 °F) Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP-3 | IEC 60794-1 F1

Qualification Specifications Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S-87-640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR-20


Product SpecificationsProduct Specifications760181628 | O760181628 | O--432432--LALA--8W8W--F24NSF24NS



Included Products

DB-8W-LT (Product Component—not orderable) — LightScope ZWP® Singlemode Fiber

* Footnotes

Operating Temperature Specification applicable to non-terminated bulk fiber cable

Product SpecificationsProduct Specifications760181628 | O760181628 | O--432432--LALA--8W8W--F24NSF24NS



760135905 | O-432-LN-8W-F24NS High Fiber Count Single Jacket AllDielectric Outdoor Cable AridCore Construction Stranded Loose Tube


General Specifications Cable Type Stranded loose tube

Construction Type Nonarmored

Subunit Type Gelfilled

Construction Materials Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber

Total Fiber Quantity 432

Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber

Fiber Type, quantity 432

Fibers Per Subunit, quantity 24

Jacket Color Black

Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.50 mm | 0.14 in

Cable Weight 173.0 lb/kft | 258.0 kg/km

Diameter Over Jacket 21.50 mm | 0.85 in

Subunit, quantity 18


Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 21.5 cm | 8.5 in

Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N

Product Specifications



Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf

Vertical Rise, maximum 317.0 m | 1040.0 ft

Environmental Specifications Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried

Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F)

Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)

Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications Compression 125 lb/in | 22 N/mm

Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 60794 12, Section 7

Flex 35 cycles

Flex Test Method FOTP24 | IEC 60794 12, Section 10

Impact 6.62 Nm | 4.88 ft lb

Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 60794 12, Section 8

Strain See long and short term tensile loads

Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 60794 12, Section 5

Twist 10 cycles

Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 60794 12, Section 11

Water Penentration 24 h

Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 60794 12, Section 24

Environmental Test Specifications Cable Freeze 2 °C | 28 °F

Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98

Drip 70 °C | 158 °F

Drip Test Method FOTP81 | IEC 60794 12, Section 17

Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F)

Heat Age Test Method Not applicable

Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F)

Low High Bend Test Method FOTP28 | IEC 60794 12, Section 28

Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)

Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3 | IEC 60794 12, Section 22

Qualification Specifications Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S876402006 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR 20CORE Issue 3

Regulatory Compliance/CertificationsAgency ClassificationISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

Included Products


Product Specifications760135905 | O-432-LN-8W-F24NS



Part Number: 432EUC-T4100A20

Cross Section of Part Number: 432EUC-T4100A20

Polyethylene (PE)Outer Jacket

Ripcord

Water-SwellableTape

Dielectric CentralElement

BufferTube

Fiber

Water-SwellableTape


Corrugated SteelArmor

Corning ALTOS® Lite™ single -jacket, single -armored cables are lightweight, reduced -diameter, armored ca-bles designed for direct -buried, duct and aerial (lashed) installation. The loose tube design provides stable perfor-mance over a wide temperature range and is compatible with any telecommunications -grade optical fiber.

Features and BenefitsFlexible, craft-friendly buffer tubesFacilitate easy routing in closures

SZ-stranded, loose tube designIsolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors and facilitates mid-span access

Dielectric central strength memberNo preferential bend and requires no bonding or ground-ing

Medium-density polyethylene jacketRugged, durable and easy to strip (while providing supe-rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and other environmental factors)

StandardsApprovals and Listings USDA Rural Development

Programs

Design and Test Criteria Telcordia GR-20, ICEA-640

ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled, Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Product Specification 432EUC-T4100A20_NAFTA_AENPage 1 | Revision date 2016-03-01

Specifications










Fiber Count 432


Fibers per Tube 12



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2 Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*


Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 3Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*, Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*, Blue**, Orange**, Green**, Brown**, Slate**, White**






Notes: Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors.Notes: Tubes 25 to 36 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the red tube and red for all other tube colors.



Mechanical Characteristics CableMax. Tensile Strength, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)

Max. Tensile Strength, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)








Optical Characteristics (cabled)Fiber Name Single-mode (OS2)

Fiber Category G.652.D

Fiber Code E




Ordering InformationPart Number 432EUC-T4100A20

Product Description ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled, Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

EAN Code 4056418148496



Corning Optical Communications LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA 800-743-2675 • FAX: 828-325-5060 • International: +1-828-901-5000 • www.corning.com/opcomm A complete listing of the trademarks of Corning Optical Communications is available at www.corning.com/opcomm/trademarks. All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. Corning Optical Communications is ISO 9001 certified. © 2016 Corning Optical Communications. All rights reserved.

Part Number: 432EU4-T4100A20

Cross Section of Part Number: 432EU4-T4100A20

Ripcord

Polyethylene (PE)Outer Jacket

Water-SwellableTape

BufferTube

Fiber

Dielectric CentralElement


Water-SwellableTape

Corning ALTOS® all -dielectric cables are lightweight ca-bles designed for duct and aerial (lashed) installation. The loose tube design provides stable performance over a wide temperature range and is compatible with any telecommunications -grade optical fiber.

Features and BenefitsFlexible, craft-friendly buffer tubesFacilitate easy routing in closures

SZ-stranded, loose tube designIsolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors and facilitates mid-span access

Dielectric central strength memberNo preferential bend and requires no bonding or ground-ing

Medium-density polyethylene jacketRugged, durable and easy to strip (while providing supe-rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and other environmental factors)

StandardsApprovals and Listings USDA Rural Development

Programs

Design and Test Criteria Telcordia GR-20, ICEA-640

ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Product Specification 432EU4-T4100A20_NAFTA_AENPage 1 | Revision date 2016-03-02

Specifications










Fiber Count 432


Fibers per Tube 12



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White



Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2 Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*


Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 3Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*, Blue**, Orange**, Green**, Brown**, Slate**, White**, Red**, Black**, Yellow**, Violet**, Rose**, Aqua**






Notes: Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors.Notes: Tubes 25 to 36 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the red tube and red for all other tube colors.



Mechanical Characteristics CableMax. Tensile Strength, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)

Max. Tensile Strength, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)








Optical Characteristics (cabled)Fiber Name Single-mode (OS2)

Fiber Category G.652.D

Fiber Code E




Ordering InformationPart Number 432EU4-T4100A20

Product Description ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

EAN Code 4056418149226



Corning Optical Communications LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA 800-743-2675 • FAX: 828-325-5060 • International: +1-828-901-5000 • www.corning.com/opcomm A complete listing of the trademarks of Corning Optical Communications is available at www.corning.com/opcomm/trademarks. All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. Corning Optical Communications is ISO 9001 certified. © 2016 Corning Optical Communications. All rights reserved.


Appendix F

Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009

Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Documents

Transcript of Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan