FHB Resistance in Durum
Transcript of FHB Resistance in Durum
FHB Resistance in Durum -Progress and Challenge
Elias Elias, Shahryar Kianian, Shaobin Zhong, and Xiwen Cai
North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
Steven Xu
USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND
Outline
• Sources of resistance for durum
• FHB introgression and variety/germplasm
development in durum
• What we have learned
• Future research
Sources of Resistance for Durum
• Wild emmer wheat – Qfhs.ndsu-3AS
• Tunisian durum lines– Qfhs.ndsu-5BL
• Cultivated emmer, Persian, and Timopheev’s
wheat – Qfhb.rwg-5A.1 and Qfhb.rwg-5A.2
• Hexaploid wheat
• Wild relatives of wheat
Mean FHB Severity of LDN-Wild Emmer Substitution Lines in
the Greenhouse (1996-1998)
Genotypes FHB Severity (%)
LDN-16 50.8
LDN(DIC-1A) 36.5
LDN(DIC-2A) 83.9
LDN(DIC-3A) 19.8
LDN(DIC-4A) 48.3
LDN(DIC-5A) 40.6
LDN(DIC-6A) 72.4
LDN(DIC-7A) 65.7
LDN(DIC-1B) 69.2
LDN(DIC-3B) 57.8
LDN(DIC-4B) 36.6
LDN(DIC-5B) 44.8
LDN(DIC-6B) 35.5
LDN(DIC-7B) 57.4
D91103 (resistant check) 29.6
D87450 (susceptible check) 62.6
R. W. Stack and E. Elias Crop Sci. 42:637 (2002)
Partial Physical Map of Rice 1S
AP003118
AP002523
AP003215
AP002524
AP003047
AP002903
AP003339
AP003301
AP002484
AP002522
4 AP003282
0 k
b
100 k
b
500 k
b
600 k
b
700 k
b
800 k
b
900 k
b
1000 k
b
1100 k
b
1200 k
b
1300 k
b
1400 k
b
1500 k
b
1600 k
b
1700 k
b
1800 k
b
3AS-4 3AS-2 3AL-3
3AL-5
Chromosome 3A
Xfc
p397.1
Xw
gc901
Xw
gc5
00
Xw
gc716
Xw
gc774
Xw
gc510
Xfc
p397.2
Xfc
p402
Xfc
p403.1
Xw
gc929
Wheat Genetic Map of 3AS
Mark
er
cM
Xbcd1532
Xgw
m2
Xgw
m666.1
Xw
gc501/
Xfc
p399
3.4 3.4 3.8 4.8 3.6 1.2 2.4 4.8 2.4 2.4 1.2 2.4 6.1
RICL FHB Severity (%)
LDN-DIC3A-26 32.1
LDN-DIC3A-15 52.5
LDN-DIC3A-49 15.3
LDN-DIC3A-10 23.2
LDN-DIC3A-8 21.5
LDN-DIC3A-30 15.6
LDN-DIC3A-36 36.4
S. Kianian; X. Cai
FHB Resistance QTL Qfhs.ndsu-3AS Derived from Wild Emmer Wheat
Xgwm533-3B.1
Xfba91-3B
Xbcd907-3B
Xgwm389-3B
XksuG53-3B
Xgwm493-3B
Xcdo460-3B
Xtam47-3B
Xtam61-3B
Xgwm533-3B.2
Xcdo1164-3B
80
70
60
50
40
30
10
5
20
Xcdo1435-3A
Xbcd15-3A
Xglk683-3A
Xtam47-3A
Xtam61-3A
Xcdo460-3A
Xcdo1164-3A
Xcdo1345-3A
Xbcd1532-3A
Xmwg22-3A
Xgwm2-3A
Xcdo638-3A
Xgwm32-3A
Xgwm666-3A.1
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Xfba91-3A
Xgwm389-3B
Xgwm533-3B.1
XSTS3B-189
XSTS3B-80
XSTS3B-206
XSTS3B-66
Xgwm493-3B
Xgwm533-3B.2
Xfba91-3B 110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Xbcd907r
XSTS3B-66
XSTS3B-80
Xgwm666.1 100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Xfcp401
Xbcd1532
Xfcp402
Xgwm2
Xfcp397.2
Qfhs.ndsu-3AS
Qfhs.ndsu-3BS
a Partial genetic map of the chromosomal region harboring Qfhs.ndsu-3AS; b CMap of 3AS (http://
wheat.pw.usda.gov/GG2/index.shtml); c CMap of 3BS (http:// wheat.pw.usda.gov/GG2/index.shtml);
d Partial fine map of Qfhs.ndsu-3BS (Liu and Anderson, 2003; Liu et al. 2006)
a b c d
Mol. Breed. 2007, 19: 113-124 X. Cai
Wheat 3AS Distal region (4,360 kb) of rice 1S Distal region of Brachypodium 2S
Saturation Mapping and Comparative Analysis of the Chromosomal Region Harboring Qfhs.ndsu-3AS X. Cai
Coefficient
0.00 0.37 0.74 1.11 1.48
WangshuibaiMW
Ben
LDN-16
LDN-Dic3A
Lebsock
Plaza
Maier
Tun18
Tun51
Tun101
Tun73
Tun90
Tun36
Tun84
Tun34
Tun108
Tun7
CIMMYT7
Frontana
Sumai3
Wangshuibai
Genetic Distance-Based Dendrogram of the Resistance Sources
E. Elias
Identification of FHB Resistance QTL from
Tunisian Lines by Association Mapping
• A FHB resistance QTL on 5BL – Qfhs.ndsu-5BL
• A chromosomal region on 3BS potentially
associated with FHB resistance
• Susceptibility or suppressor of resistance gene(s)
on chromosome 2A
S. Kianian
Genotypes Winter 2004 Spring 2005
3w sp* 3w pt§ 3w sp 3w pt
Sumai 3 1.2 7.7 1.2 6.3
Russ 12.7 79.0 6.7 43.9
PI61102 (Persian wheat) 1.7 8.8 3.6 17.4
PI78812 (Persian wheat) 2.0 10.7 1.9 10.7
PI94750 (Persian wheat) 2.6 15.3 2.1 11.6
PI94752 (Persian wheat) 2.4 12.4 1.4 6.7
PI115816 (Persian wheat) 3.8 19.4 3.3 18.3
PI283889 (Persian wheat) 2.2 12.6 1.3 6.6
PI352281 (Persian wheat) 1.4 7.2 3.3 26.5
CI3686 (cultivated emmer) 2.3 13.6 1.8 11.9
CI14086 (cultivated emmer) 2.9 15.6 2.8 14.2
CI14135 (cultivated emmer) 1.1 4.9 2.0 8.5
LSD (0.05) 2.9 17.2 2.7 16.2
FHB Resistance of Persian and Cultivated Emmer
Wheat in the Greenhouse
S. Xu and X. Cai
* Average number of infected spikelets per spike (sp) and § average percent infection (pt) at
three weeks post-inoculation
Reactions to Fusarium graminearum of cultivated emmer (a-h) and
Persian wheat (i) at 21 days post inoculation in the greenhouse
a b c d e f
g h i
f
S. Xu
Two FHB Resistance QTL on 5AS and 5AL with Possible Origin
of T. timopheevii (PI277012)
Chu et al. 2011 TAG S. Xu
Introgression and Variety/Germplasm
Development
• Wild emmer (Qfhs.ndsu-3AS)–derived durum lines
• Tunisian lines–derived durum lines
• Cultivated emmer, Persian, and Timopheev’s
wheat–derived durum lines
• Sumai 3 (Fhb1)–derived durum lines
• Wild relative–derived durum lines
• Durum varieties
LDN-DIC3A-10 LDN
F1
F2
3A Recombined 3A
F3
Evaluating homozygous recombinants for FHB resistance
X. Cai
FHB Severity and DON of Durum Wheat Cultivars
(2007 - 2010)
Alkabo 38.0 32.2 1.9
Divide 38.7 30.3 1.6
Grenora 38.8 20.0 3.2
Lebsock 39.4 28.9 2.4
Mountrail 46.5 56.7 3.1
Tioga 44.3 16.5 2.0
E. Elias
Durum Wheat Cultivars Grown in ND
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
%
A
c
r
e
a
g
e
P
l
a
n
t
e
d
Ben
Lebsock
Mountrail
Pierce
Grenora
Alkabo
Divide
E. Elias
What We Have Learned
• FHB resistance of durum materials in the
greenhouse and field conditions
• The role of D genome in FHB resistance
• Suppression of FHB resistance in tetraploid
wheat
• The role of spike structure in FHB resistance
Potential Effect of D genome on FHB resistance
S. Zhong and S. Xu
Durum Cultivar ‘Scoop 1’
(susceptible)
Aegilops tauschii (genome DD)
(reaction to FHB unknown) X
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ‘TA4152-60’
(moderate resistance)
Spring Wheat ‘ND495’
(moderate susceptibility) X
Mapping Population: 120 DH Lines
Identified Two FHB Resistance QTL on 5AL and 5BL of TA4152-60, respectively
0.0
LOD
0.8 1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0
Marker Distance (cM)
9.3
14.6
7.6
3.3 2.5 3.3 11.0
6.7
5.9
8.4
6.0
12.1
Xbarc151
Xbarc1061.1
Xgdm132.1
Xcfa2163.1 Xcfa2185 Xcfa2155
Xwmc96.2
Xgwm410.4
Xgwm179.1
Xgwm595
Xgwm291.1
Xgwm410.3
Xgwm410.2
5A
3.5 2.5 7.6 1.0 3.1
7.6
13.2
13.2
12.8
5.0
11.6
7.0
Xbarc138.3 Xgwm540
Xbarc109
Xbarc74 Xgwm213
Xbarc128.4
Xgwm371
Xbarc100.5
Tsn1
Xbarc73
Xwmc75
Xbarc142
Xgdm116.1
Marker Distance (cM)
0.0
LOD
1.4 2.8 4.2 5.6 7.0
FHB 2010 FHB 2007 FHB 2008
5B
Major QTLs on chromosome 5A and 5B identified in the mapping population from the cross between the synthetic wheat
line TA4152-60 and the spring wheat line ND495. The 5A QTL peaked at the interval between Xgdm132.1 and Xgwm410.4,
and explained up to 11% of the phenotypic variation. Whereas the 5B QTL explained up to 20% of the trait variation and
peaked at the interval between markers Xbarc100.5 and Xwmc75. FHB 2007 and FHB2008 were based on the data from
greenhouse inoculation. FHB 2010 was based on the data from the disease nursery located at Fargo, ND.
S. Zhong and S. Xu
Mean FHB Severity of LDN-D genome Substitution Lines in the
Greenhouse (2011)
Genotypes FHB Severity (%)
LDN 1D(1A) 76.89
LDN 2D(2A) 69.38
LDN 3D(3A) 57.25
LDN 4D(4A) 66.77
LDN 5D(5A) 29.60
LDN 6D(6A) 83.80
LDN 7D(7A) 70.18
LDN 1D(1B) 84.53
LDN 2D(2B) 68.66
LDN 3D(3B) 55.87
LDN 4D(4B) 53.24
LDN 5D(5B) 58.04
LDN 6D(6B) 49.40
LDN 7D(7B) 51.46
LDN 70.04
Chinese Spring 73.16
X. Cai
Mean FHB Severity of LDN-Wild Emmer Substitution Lines in
the Greenhouse (1996-1998)
Genotypes FHB Severity (%)
LDN-16 50.8
LDN(DIC-1A) 36.5
LDN(DIC-2A) 83.9
LDN(DIC-3A) 19.8
LDN(DIC-4A) 48.3
LDN(DIC-5A) 40.6
LDN(DIC-6A) 72.4
LDN(DIC-7A) 65.7
LDN(DIC-1B) 69.2
LDN(DIC-3B) 57.8
LDN(DIC-4B) 36.6
LDN(DIC-5B) 44.8
LDN(DIC-6B) 35.5
LDN(DIC-7B) 57.4
D91103 (resistant check) 29.6
D87450 (susceptible check) 62.6
R. W. Stack and E. Elias Crop Sci. 42:637 (2002)
Future Research
• Search for novel/effective sources of resistance,
especially Type I resistance
• Characterize the role of D genome and spike
structure in FHB resistance
• Manipulate D-genome chromosomes and
suppressor genes to enhance FHB resistance in
durum
• Develop elite germplasm and superior varieties
from the resistance sources available for durum