fesaxis passover!davidsshield.net/PAPERS/Davids Shield/PDFS/17.pdf · 2013-12-22 · 20 daviTis...

March312004

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Happy passover!

#17 march 31, 200420 ddaavviiTTiiss ffaarriiddaavviiTTiiss ffaarrii

daviTis fari

Ùèò ÄàâèäàShield of David

Tel: (646) 251-2784Fax: (718) 784-1693

prrezidenti: rroman zak

mTTavarri rredaqtorri: simon krrixeliE-mail: [email protected]

Ó÷ðåäèòåëè è èçäàòåëè

Ðîìàí Çàê èÑåìåí Êðèõåëè


,,ÄÓÄ ÐÖÒÉ ÔÀÍãÖËÏÁÉÓÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝàÀÌÃÍÄÍ ÌÀÌÄÁÉ ÜÅÄÍÉ ÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÓ ÌÉßÀÆÄ..”

ÀËÁÀÈ, ÖÊÅÄ ÓÀÊÌÀÒÉÓÉ ÀÙÀÒ ÀÒÉÓÌÀÒÔÏÃÄÍ ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏ äÀÂÀÃÉÓ ÔÄØÓÔÉÓ ÊÉÈáÅÀÃÀ ÈÀÒÂÌÍÀ.

ÌÏÃÉÈ, ÛÄÞËÄÁÉÓÃÀÂÅÀÒÀÃ, ÛÄÅÄÝÀÃÏÈÜÀÅßÅÃÄÈ ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÓÀÃÙÄÓÀÓßÀÖËÏ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓÈÉÈÏÄÖËÉ ÃÄÔÀËÉÓ ÃÀÍÉÛÍÖËÄÁÉÓÃÄÃÀÀÆÒÓ, ÒÀÌÄÈÖ ÚÏÅÄËÉ ÌÀÈÂÀÍÉÓÉÌÁÏËÖÒÀÃ ÀÓÀáÉÄÒÄÁÓ ÃÀ ÄÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÀÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÓ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÃÀÍ áÓÍÉÓ ÀÌÀ ÈÖ ÉÌ ÄÔÀÐÓ,ÌÈËÉÀÍÏÁÀÛÉ ÊÉ, — ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÀÓ, —ÖÃÉÀÃÄÓ ÌÏÅËÄÍÀÓ, ÒÏÌÄËÌÀÝ ÖÆÀÒÌÀÆÀÒÉÒÏËÉ ÛÄÀÓÒÖËÀ ÃÀ ÃÙÄÓÀÝ ÀÓÒÖËÄÁÓÜÅÄÍÉ áÀËáÉÓÀ ÃÀ, ÓÀÄÒÈÏÃ, ÌÈÄËÉÊÀÝÏÁÒÉÏÁÉÓ ÉÓÔÏÒÉÀÛÉ.

ÐÉÒÅÄË ÚÏÅËÉÓÀ, — ÒÀÓ ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ ÈÀÅÀÃÓÉÔÚÅÀ ÓÄÃÄÒÉ?

ÓÄÃÄÒÉ (,,ßÄÓÒÉÂÉ”, ,,ßÚÏÁÀ”) ×ÄÓÀáÉÓÓÀÙÀÌÏÓ ÔÒÀÐÄÆÆÄ ÛÄÓÀÓÒÖËÄÁÄËØÌÄÃÄÁÀÈÀ ÓÀÄÒÈÏ ÀÙÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÉÓÀáÄËßÏÃÄÁÀÀ. ÉÂÉ ÛÄÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÀÍ ÒÀÛÉÓ,ÀÍÖ ÒÀÁÉ ÛÄËÏÌÏ ÁÄÍ ÉÝáÀÊÉÓ, ÀÍÃÀ×ËÀÉÆÄËÉ ÒÀÁÉ ÛÄÌÖÄËÉÓ (ÖÀÙÒÄÓÀÃ

ÀÅÔÏÒÉÔÄÔÖË, ÈÏÒÉÓ ÁÒßÚÉÍÅÀËÄÓßÀÅËÖËÄÁÉÓ) ÌÉÄÒ; ÃÀËÀÂÄÁÖËÉÀ 15 ÍÀßÉËÉÀÍ ËÄØÓÉÓÍÀÉÒ ÊÏÌÐÏÆÉÝÉÀÃ:

1. ,,ÊÀÃÄÛ” — ÃÙÄÓÀÓßÀÖËÉÓßÌÉÃÀÃÚÏ×À (,,ÊÉÃÖÛ”).

2. ,,ÖÒáÀÝ” — ,,áÄËÄÁÉÓ ÀÐÚÒÏÁÀ”,áÄËÈÁÀÍÅÀ ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÛÄ.

ÓÀàÉÒÏÀ ÓÅÄËÉ ÊÄÒÞÉÓ, ÀÌ

ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÀÛÉ ÌÀÒÉËßÚÀËÛÉ (ÀÍ ÞÌÀÒÛÉ)ÀÌÏÅËÄÁÖËÉ ÌßÅÀÍÉËÉÓ -

ÍÉÀáÖÒÉÓ - ÌÉÓÀÒÈÌÄÅÀÃ. 3. ,,ØÀÒ×ÀÓ” — ÍÉÀáÖÒÉÓ ÌÀÒÉËßÚÀËÛÉ

ÀÌÏßÄÁÀ, ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ.4. ,,ÉÀáÀÝ” — ÛÖÀÈÀÍÀ ÌÀÝÉÓ ÏÒ

ÀÒÀÈÀÍÀÁÀÒ ÍÀßÉËÀÃ ÂÀÚÏ×À; ÌÏÆÒÃÉËÉ ÍÀßÉËÉÓ ÛÄÍÀáÅÀ

,,À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÉÓÈÅÉÓ”. 5. ,,ÌÀÂÉÃ” — ÓÀÖÁÀÒÉ ÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÃÀÍ

ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÈÀÏÁÀÆÄ (,,äÀÂÀÃÀ”).6. ,,ÒÏáÝÀä” — ,,áÄËÄÁÉÓ ÀÐÚÒÏÁÀ”,

áÄËÈÁÀÍÅÀ ÓÀÈÀÍÀÃÏ ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÉÈ (,,ÍÄÔÉËÀÈ ÉÀÃÀÉÌ”).

7. ,,ÌÏÝÉ” — (ÐÖÒÉÓ) ÌÀÝÉÓ ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀÅÀáÛÌÉÓ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÉÓ ßÉÍ (,,äÀÌÏÝÉ”).

8. ,,ÌÀÝÀä” — ÌÀÝÉÓ (Ä.ß.,,ÏÒÍÀáÄÅÀÒÉ ÌÀÝÏÈÉÓ”)ÃÀÌÀÔÄÁÉÈÉ,

ÂÀÍÓÀÊÖÈÒÄÁÖËÉÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀ; ÆÄÃÀ ÃÀ ÛÖÀÈÀÍÀÍÀáÄÅÀÒÉ

ÌÀÝÉÓ ÃÀÍÀßÉËÄÁÀ ÃÀÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ.

9. ,,ÌÀÒÏÒ” — ÌßÀÒÄ ÌßÅÀÍÉËÉÓ(áÒÄÍÉÓ) ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ.

10. ,,ØÏÒÄá” — ÌÀÝÉÓÀ ÃÀÌÀÒÏÒÉÓ ÄÒÈÀÃ ÂÀÌÏáÅÄÅÀ;

ÃÀÒÜÄÍÉËÉ ØÅÄÃÀ ÌÀÝÉÓÃÀÍÀßÉËÄÁÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ ÌÀÒÏÒÈÀÍ

(ÂÀáÄáÉËÉ ÐÉÒÛÖÛáÀ ÀÍÓÀËÀÈÀ) ÃÀ áÀÒÏÓÄÈÈÀÍ ÄÒÈÀÃ

ÓÀÈÀÍÀÃÏ ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÉÈ.11. ,,ÛÖËáÀÍ ÏÒÄá” —

,,ÂÀßÚÏÁÉËÉ (ÂÀÃÀ×ÀÒÄÁÖËÉ)ÌÀÂÉÃÀ” — ÓÀÆÄÉÌÏ

ÔÒÀÐÄÆÉ.12. ,,ÝÀ×ÖÍ” — ,,À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÉÓ”

ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ; (,,À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍ” —ÁÄÒÞÍÖËÉ ÓÉÔÚÅÀÀ

ÃÀ ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ: ,,ÓÀÖÆÌÉÓ ÛÄÃÄÂ”).13. ,,ÁÀÒÄá” — ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀ ÔÒÀÐÄÆÉÓ

ÛÄÌÃÄÂ (,,ÁÉÒØÀÈ äÀÌÀÆÏÍ”).14. ,,äÀËÄË” — ÓÀÃÉÃÄÁÄËÉ

×ÓÀËÌÖÍÄÁÉÓ — ,,äÀËÄËÉÓÀ” ÃÀ,,ÍÉÛÌÀÈÉÓ”

ÊÉÈáÅÀ.15. ,,ÍÉÒÝÀä” — ,,ßÚÀËÏÁÀ” —

ÃÀÌÀÂÅÉÒÂÅÉÍÄÁÄËÉ ËÏÝÅÀ (,,ÌÉÉÙÏ

Ö×ÀËÌÀ…”)

ÌÀÝÀ — ÂÀÌÏßÖÒÖËÉ, ÌÛÒÀËÉ, ÖÍÄÓÔÏ,

ÂÀÖ×ÖÄÁÄËÉ ÝÏÌÉÓÂÀÍÂÀÌÏÌÝáÅÀÒÉ ÖÌÀÒÉËÏ áÌÉÀÃÉ— ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ.ÉÂÉ ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓÀ ÃÀÓÉÙÀÒÉÁÉÓÀ, — ,ÐÖÒÉÂÀàÉÒÅÄÁÉÓÀ”. ÌÀÝÀ, ÀÌÀÅÄ ÃÒÏÓ,ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÓÉÌÁÉËÏÝÀÀ,ÒÀÌÄÈÖ ÓÖËÉÄÒ ÓÉÞËÉÄÒÉÓÊÄÍËÔÏËÅÀÆÄ ÖÊÄÈÄÓÉÂÀÌÀÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÄËÉ ÓáÅÀ ÒÀÌÀÒÀ×ÄÒÉÀ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ. ÌÀÝÉÓ(ÌÄÔÀÃÒÄ — ,,ÌÀÝÀ ÛÌÖÒÉÓ”)ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÉÓ ÐÒÏÝÄÓÉÝ áÏÌÌÓÂÀÅÓÉÀ ÈÉÈÏÄÖËÉ ÜÅÄÍÈÀÂÀÍÉÓÞÀËÉÓáÌÄÅÉÓÀ ÓÀÊÖÈÀÒÉ ÓÖËÉÄÒÉÙÉÒÓÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÓÀÖÌãÏÁÄÓÄÁËÀÃ:×ØÅÉËÉÓÀ ÃÀ ßÚËÉÓ ÛÄÒÄÅÉÓÀÓÝÏÌÓ ÄÒÈÉ ßÖÈÉÈÀÝ ÊÉ ÀÒÅÀÍÄÁÄÁÈ ÈÀÅÓ, ÀÒ ÅÀÝÃÉÈ, ÀÒÅÀÓÅÄÍÄÁÈ, ÅÉÍÀÉÃÀÍ ÌÀÓÛÉÃÀÉßÚÄÁÀ ÂÀ×ÖÄÁÉÓ ÐÒÏÝÄÓÉ ÃÀÉÓÄÈÉÅÄ ÍÀßÀÒÌÓ ÌÉÅÉÙÄÁÈ,ÒÏÂÏÒÉÝ ÐÖÒÉÀ —ÌÀË×ÖàÀÃÉ, Ä.É. ,,áÒßÍÀÃÉ”…ÀÓÄÅÄÀ ÓÖËÈÀÍ ÌÉÌÀÒÈÄÁÀÛÉÝ: ÅÉÓßÒÀ×ÅÉÈÒÀ ÀÌÀÙËÄÁÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÓÒÖËÚÏ×ÉÓÀÊÄÍ, ßÀÌÉÈÀÝÊÉ ÀÒ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÓÀÊÖÈÀÒÉ ÓÖËÉÓ ,,ÈÀÅÉÓÌÉÍÄÁÄÁÀ” ÃÀ ,,ÖÐÀÔÒÏÍÏÃ ÃÀÔÏÅÄÁÀ”,ÒÀÌÄÈÖ ÓáÅÀ×ÒÉÅ ÉÂÉ ÖÌÀË ÛÄÉÁÏÒÊÄÁÀ,

ÃÀáÀÅÓÃÄÁÀ ÃÀ ÃÀÊÀÒÂÀÅÓ ÆÒÃÉÓ ÖÍÀÒÓ.ÈÏÒÀ ÂÅÀÅÀËÄÁÓ: ,,ÃÀ ÃÀÉÝÀÅÉÈ

[ÂÀ×ÖÄÁÉÓÀÂÀÍ] ÉÂÉ ÌÀÝÄÁÉ ÈØÅÄÍ” (,,ÛÄÌÏÈ”12:17). ÑÀÌÖáÓÏÅÀÒÉ ÃÒÏÉÃÀÍ ÌÏÃÉÓ ßÄÓ-ÜÅÄÖËÄÁÀ, ÒÀÈÀ ÂÀÖ×ÒÈáÉËÃÄÈ áÏÒÁËÉÓÌÀÒÝÅÀËÓ ßÚËÉÓ (ÓÉÍÏÔÉÅÉÓ, ÔÄÍÉÓ)ÛÄáÄÁÉÓÀÂÀÍ ãÄÒ ÊÉÃÄÅ ÌÊÉÓ ÐÄÒÉÏÃÉÃÀÍÅÄ.ÀÓÄÈÉ ÌÀÒÝÅËÉÓÀÂÀÍ ÃÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÖË ÌÀÝÀÓÄßÏÃÄÁÀ ,,ÛÌÖÒÀ”, ÒÀÝ ,,ÂÖËÌÏÃÂÉÍÄÃ

ÃÀÝÖËÓ”(,,ÌÀÙÀËáÀÒÉÓáÓ”) ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ.

ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓÓÖ×ÒÀÆÄßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉ,— ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏËÀÍÂÀÒÆÄ(,,ÊÄÀÒÀ”)

ÄÒÈÌÀÍÄÈÆÄ ÃÀÃÄÁÖËÉ ÃÀ áÄËÓÀßÌÄÍÃÉÈ

ÂÀÍÝÀËÊÄÅÄÁÖËÉ,— ÓÀÌÉ ÌÀÝÀ(ÓÀÓÖÒÅÄËÉÀ ,,ÌÀÝÀÛÌÖÒÀ”) ÉÓÒÀÄËÉÓÛÅÉËÈÀ (,,ÁÍÄÉÉÓÒÀÄË”)ÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÏÄÁÒÉÅÉÛÄÌÀÃÂÄÍËÏÁÉÓ(ßÀÒÌÏÌÀÅËÏÁÉÓ)— ,,ØÏäÄÍÉÓ”,,,ËÄÅÉÓ” ÃÀ,,ÉÓÒÀÄËÉÓ” —ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ.

ØÀÒ×ÀÓÉ(ÍÉÀáÖÒÉ) ÍÉÛÀÍÉÀÜÅÄÍÉ —ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ÀËÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÈÀ, ÃÀ ÀÒÀÌÏÍÀÈÀ, ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓÀ;ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ ÜÅÄÍÉÝáÏÅÒÄÁÉÓÄÖËÉÓÉÌÔÊÉÝÉÓÀ, ÒÀÌÄÈÖÂÀÈÄËÉËÉ ÃÀÂÀÓÒÄÓÉËÉ ÁÀËÀáÉÓ

ÌÓÂÀÅÓÀÃ ÂÀÅÞÄËÉÈ ÃÀ ÀÙÅÃÄØÉÈ.ÌÀÒÉËßÚÀËÉ [ÒÏÌÄËÛÉÝ ÀÌÏÀÅËÄÁÄÍ

ØÀÒ×ÀÓÓ ÃÀ ÊÅÄÒÝáÓ] ÂÅÀÂÏÍÄÁÓ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ,,ÊÉÒÈÄÁÉÓ ØÅÄÛÄ” ÌÚÏ×É ÜÅÄÍÉ ßÉÍÀÐÒÄÁÉÓÝÒÄÌËÄÁÓ.

ÆÒÏÀ — ,,áÏÒÝÉ ÞÅÀËÆÄ” - ÛÄÌßÅÀÒÉØÀÈÌÉÓ ×ÒÈÀ - ,,ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ”, ÀÍÖ,,ÊÏÒÁÀÍ ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ” áÓÏÅÍÉÓ ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ;ÀÊÒÞÀËÖËÉÀ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ ÙÀÌÄÓ ÌÉÓÉ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ.ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏ ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÉÓ ÍÀÝÅËÀÃ ÜÅÄÍ,,À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÓ” ÛÄÅÄØÝÄÅÉÈ, ÒÏÌËÉÓ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀÓÀÅÀËÃÄÁÖËÏÀ ÛÖÀÙÀÌÄÌÃÄ, ÅÉÍÀÉÃÀÍ×ÀÒÀÏÍÌÀ ÛÖÀÙÀÌÉÓÀÓ ÂÀÖÛÅÀ ÄÁÒÀÄËÄÁÉ.

ÛÄÂÍÄÁÖËÀÃ ÀÒ ÅáÌÀÒÏÁÈ ÓÉÔÚÅÀÓ,,ÓÀßÉÒÀÅÉ”(,,ÛÄÓÀßÉÒÉ)”,ÓÀÃÀÝÜÀØÓÏÅÉËÉÀÂÀÂÄÁÀ, ÒÏÝÀÅÉÍÌÄ ÅÉÍÌÄÓÒÀÓÌÄÓ ÓßÉÒÀÅÓ.,,ËÀÛÏÍäÀÊÏÃÄÛÆÄ”(,,ßÌÉÃÀ ÄÍÀÆÄ”)

Ó É Ì Á Ï Ë Ï Ä Á ÉÓ É Ì Á Ï Ë Ï Ä Á É

×ÄÓ ÀáÉÓ

ÊÀÃÄÛ, ÖÒáÀÝ, ØÀÒ×ÀÓ, ÉÀáÀÝ, ÌÀÂÉÃ, ÒÏáÝÀä, ÌÏÝÉ, ÌÀÝÀä,

ÌÀÒÏÒ, ØÏÒÄá,ÛÖËáÀÍ ÏÒÄá,ÝÀ×ÖÍ, ÁÀÒÄá,äÀËÄË, ÍÉÒÝÀä.

#17 march 31, 2004 3

ÀÍÖ ÈÏÒÉÓ ÄÍÀÆÄ ÄÓ ÓÉÔÚÅÀ ÂÀÌÏÉÈØÌÄÁÀ —,,ÊÏÒÁÀÍ”, ÒÏÌËÉÓ ÞÉÒÉÀ ,,ÊÀÒÏÅ”, ÒÀÝ,,ÃÀÀáËÏÄÁÀÓ” ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ. ÙÌ-ÈÉÀÁÓÏËÏÔÖÒÀÃ ÀÒ ÓÀàÉÒÏÄÁÓ ÜÅÄÍÓ ÌÉÄÒÛÄßÉÒÖË ÐÉÒÖÔÚÅÓ. ,,ÊÏÒÁÀÍÉ” ÈÅÉÈÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÓ ÄÓÀàÉÒÏÄÁÀ, ÒÉÈÀÝ ÙÌ-ÈÓÖÀáËÏÅÃÄÁÀ.

ÌÀÒÏÒ — ÌßÀÒÄ ÌßÅÀÍÉËÉ (áÒÄÍÉ)ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ ÓÉÌßÀÒÉÓ ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀ. ÃÀÓÀßÚÉÓÛÉÌÉÓÉ ÂÄÌÏ ÈÉÈØÏÓ ÔÊÁÉËÉ ÜÀÍÓ, ÛÄÌÃÄÂ ÊÉÌßÀÒÃÄÁÀ; ÄÂÅÉÐÔÄÛÉ ÜÅÄÍÉ ÝáÏÅÒÄÁÉÓÃÀÓÀßÚÉÓÉÝ, — ÉÏÓÄ×ÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÓÉ ÈÄÒÈÌÄÔÉÞÌÉÓ ÀÍÖ ÉÓÒÀÄËÉÓ ÈÏÒÌÄÔÉ ÌÖáËÉÓÌÈÀÅÒÄÁÉÓ (,,ÛÄÅÀÔÉÌ”) ÓÉÝÏÝáËÉÓÐÄÒÉÏÃÉ, — ÔÊÁÉËÉ ÉÚÏ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÛÄÌÃÄÂÃÄÂÒÀÃÀÝÉÀÌÃÄ ÃÀ ÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ ÓÉÌßÀÒÄÌÃÄÌÉÅÄÃÉÈ.

áÀÒÏÓÄÈ — áÀÒÀÌÆÄÈÉ — ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀãÉÛÉÓ áÉÓ ÍÀÚÏ×ÈÀ [ÒÀÈÈÀÍÀÝßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÌÄÔÚÅÄËÈÀ ÌÉÄÒ ÉÓÒÀÄËÉÓ ÄÒÉÀÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÖËÉ: ÅÀÛËÉ, ÍÉÂÏÆÉ, ËÄÙÅÉ,ØÉÛÌÉÛÉ, áÖÒÌÀ, ÍÖÛÉ, ÈáÉËÉ, ßÀÁËÉ,ÁÒÏßÄÖËÉ] ÃÀ ÙÅÉÍÉÓ ÐÉÖÒÄ — ÓÉÌÁÏËÏÀÈÉáÉÓÀ [ÒÉÓÂÀÍÀÝ ÜÅÄÍÓ ßÉÍÀÐÒÄÁÓ ÄÂÅÉÐÔÄÛÉÀÂÖÒÓ ÀÌÆÀÃÄÁÉÍÄÁÃÍÄÍ] ÃÀ ÀËÉÆÉÓÀ, ÒÀÝÌÏÍÏÁÉÓ ÌÀÒßÖáÄÁÛÉ ÌÚÏ×É ÉÓÒÀÄËÉÓÛÅÉËÄÁÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ ÔÀÍãÅÀ-ßÀÌÄÁÉÈÛÄÓÒÖËÄÁÖË ÖÌÞÉÌÄÓ ÓÀÌÖÛÀÏÄÁÓÂÅÀÂÏÍÄÁÓ.

ÜÅÄÍÉ ÃÙÄÅÀÍÃÄËÉ ÓÄÃÄÒÉ ÛÄÉÝÀÅÓÒÀÌÏÃÄÍÉÌÄ ÌÏÌÄÍÔÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÓÀßÚÉÓÉ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓáÓÏÅÍÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÃÀßÄÓÄÁÖËÉÀÔÀÞÒÉÓ ÃÀÍÂÒÄÅÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂ.

áÀÆÄÒÄÈ — ÂÀáÄáÉËÉ ÐÉÒÛÖÛáÀ (ÀÍÓÀËÀÈÀ) ÌÀÒÏÒÉÓ ÊÀÔÄÂÏÒÉÀÀ; ÓÀàÉÒÏÀ,,ØÏÒÄáÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ”, ÔÀÞÒÉÓ áÓÏÅÍÉÓÀÙÓÀÍÉÛÍÀÅÀÃ (ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏ ÁÀÔÊÀÍÉ).

ÁÄÝÀ — ÌÏáÀÒÛÖËÉ ÊÅÄÒÝáÉ ,,ÊÏÒÁÀÍáÀÂÉÂÀÓ” ÀÍÖ ÃÙÄÓÀÓßÀÖËÉÓ (,,ÉÏÌ ÔÏÅ”)ÌÓáÅÄÒÐËÓ ÀÓÀáÉÄÒÄÁÓ. ÓÀ×ÄÓÀáÏ ÓÄÃÄÒÓ,ÔÒÀÃÉÝÉÖËÀÃ, — ÀÒÀÓÒÖËÚÏ×ÉËÄÁÉÓÀÙÓÀÍÉÛÍÀÅÀÃ, — ÌÀÒÉËßÚÀËÛÉÀÌÏÅËÄÁÖËÉ ÊÅÄÒÝáÉÓ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÉÈ ÅÉßÚÄÁÈ[ÅÉÈÀÒÝÀ ÃÀÌßÖáÒÄÁÖËÉ àÉÒÖÓÖ×ÀËÉ],ÒÀÌÄÈÖ ÀÒ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÓÒÖËÉ ÓÉáÀÒÖËÉÂÅØÏÍÃÄÓ ÌÀÍÀÌ,ÅÉÃÒÄ ÀÒÀÙÃÂÄÁÀ ÔÀÞÀÒÉ(,,ÁÄÉÈäÀÌÉÊÃÀÛ”) —ÓÀÃÂÏÌÉÛÄáÉÍÉÓÀ,ÌÀÛÉÀáÉÓÌÏÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÉÈ.

ÓáÅÀÈÀÛÏÒÉÓ,×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ

ÃÙÄ ÃÀ 9 ÀÁÉ ÄÁÒÀÖËÊÀËÄÍÃÀÒÛÉ ÚÏÅÄË ßÄËÓÄÒÈÃÀÉÌÀÅÄ ÃÙÄÓ ÄÌÈáÅÄÅÀ.

ÊÅÄÒÝáÉ, ÀÌÀÓÈÀÍÀÅÄ,ÄÁÒÀÄËÉ ÄÒÉÓ ÓÉÌÔÊÉÝÉÓÓÉÌÁÏËÏÝÀÀ: ÒÀÝ Ö×ÒÏÃÉÃáÀÍÓ áÀÒÛÀÅÄÍ ÊÅÄÒÝáÓ,ÌÉÈ Ö×ÒÏ ÌÀÂÀÒÉ áÃÄÁÀ.

ÀÒÁÀ ØÏÓÏÈ — ÓÄÃÄÒÆÄÓÀÅÀËÃÄÁÖËÏÀ ÏÈáÉ àÉØÀÅÀÆÉÓ ÍÀÚÏ×ÉÓ (ÙÅÉÍÏ,ÚÖÒÞÍÉÓ ßÅÄÍÉ, ØÉÛÌÉÛÉÈÌÏáÀÒÛÖËÉ ÊÏÌÐÏÔÉ)ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÀ. ,,ÊÉÃÖÛÉ”ÏÈáÈÀÂÀÍ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉÀ, ÌÄÏÒÄ— ,,äÀÂÀÃÉÓ”ÃÀÌÈÀÅÒÄÁÉÓÀÓ, ÌÄÓÀÌÄ —,,ÁÉÒØÀÈ äÀÌÀÆÏÍÆÄ”,ÌÄÏÈáÄ — ,,äÀËÄËÉÓ”ÃÀÌÈÀÅÒÄÁÉÓÀÓ.

ÏÈáÉ àÉØÀ ÂÀÍÀÓÀáÉÄÒÄÁÓÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÏÈá ÄÔÀÐÓ:1. ×ÉÆÉÊÖÒÉÂÀÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀ(,,ÂÀÌÏÂÉáÓÍÉÈ”);2. ÓÖËÉÄÒÉÂÀÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀ(,,ÂÀÃÀÂÀÒÜÄÍÈ”);3. ÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÓ àÉÒÉÓÀÃÀ ÄÂÅÉÐÔÄËÈÀ ÃÄÅÍÉÓÀÂÀÍÃÀáÓÍÀ (,,ÂÉÛÅÄËÉÈ”);4. ÈÏÒÉÓ ÁÏÞÄÁÀ(,,ÌÉÂÉÙÄÁÈ”).

ßÉÂÍÛÉ ,,ÛÄÍÄÉ ËÖáÏÈäÀÁÄÒÄÈ” ÏáÉ àÉØÉÓÔÒÀÃÉÝÉÀ ÖÊÀÅÛÉÒÃÄÁÀÏÈáÉ ÃÉÃÉ ÃÄÃÉÓ

ÐÀÔÉÅÉÓÝÄÌÀÓ:1. ÓÀÒÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÌÀÝ ØÀËÄÁÓ ÄÁÒÀÖËÉÒÄËÉÂÉÀ ÛÄÀÓßÀÅËÀ.2. ÒÉÅÊÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÌÀÝ àÄÛÌÀÒÉÔÉÙÌÄÒÈÉ ÀÙÉÀÒÀ.3. ÒÀáÄËÉ, — ÉÏÓÄ×ÉÓ ÃÄÃÀ, —ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ,,ÃÉÃ ÃÉÀÓÀáËÉÓÀÃ” ÌÏÉáÓÄÍÉÄÁÀ.4. ËÄÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÌÀÝ ßÀÒÌÏÓÈØÅÀ:,,ÌÀÃËÏÁÀÓ ÅßÉÒÀÅ Ö×ÀËÓ”.

ÔÒÀÐÄÆÉÓ ÂÀÍÌÀÅËÏÁÀÛÉ ÛÄÓÌÖËÉ ÙÅÉÍÉÓÒÀÏÃÄÍÏÁÀ ÀÒ ÛÄÃÉÓ ÀÖÝÉËÄÁÄË ÏÈá àÉØÀÙÅÉÍÉÓ ÒÀÏÃÄÍÏÁÀÛÉ ÃÀ ÀÒ ÓÀàÉÒÏÄÁÓÝÀËÊÄ ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀÓ.

ÅÀÅÓÄÁÈ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÀÒ ÛÄÅÓÅÀÌÈ ÌÄáÖÈÄ,ÂÀÍÓÀÊÖÈÒÄÁÖË — ,,ÄËÉÀäÖÓ àÉØÀÓ” (,,ØÏÓÛÄË ÄËÉÀäÖ”); ÓßÏÒÄÃ ÀÌ

ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒÌÄÔÚÅÄËÌÀ ÖÍÃÀ ÂÅÀÖßÚÏÓ ÌÀÛÉÀáÉÓÌÏÓÅËÀ.

ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÒÀÁÉ ÉÓÒÄË ÁÀÀË ÛÄÌ ÔÏÅÉÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÃÀ, ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÁÉËÏ ÊÀÉ ÃÙÄ ÀÒÉÓÌÄÓÉÉÓ (,,ÌÀÛÉÀáÉÓ”) ÌÏÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÉÓ ÓÀÓÖÒÅÄËÉÃÒÏ ÃÀ ÀÌ ÃÙÄÓ ØÅÄÚÍÉÄÒÄÁÀÆÄ ÀÍÀÈÄÁÓ ÌÉÓÉÁÒßÚÉÍÅÀËÄÁÉÓ (,,ÛÄáÉÍÉÓ”) ÛÖØÉ. ÀÃÌÏÒÉÓÃÀÌÀÔÄÁÉÈ, ÊÀÒÂÉÀ ÍÀÛÖÀÃÙÄÅÓ ÌÏÄßÚÏÓ,,ÌÀÛÉÀáÉÓ ÓÄÚÖÃÀ” ÃÀ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÀÂÀÃÉÓÙÀÌÄÓ, ÃÀÉËÉÏÓ ÏÈáÉ àÉØÀ ÙÅÉÍÏ.

äÀÓÄÁÀ — ,,ÂÅÄÒÃÆÄ ÂÀÃÀáÒÀ”,,,ßÀÌÏßÏËÀ” (,,ÌÄÓÖÁÉÍ”). ÓÄÃÄÒÆÄ(ÊÉÃÖÛÉÓ ÙÅÉÍÉÓ ÛÄÓÌÉÓÀÓ, äÀÌÏÝÉÓ ÌÀÝÉÓ,ØÏÒÄáÉÓÀ ÃÀ À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÉÓ ÌÉÒÈÌÄÅÉÓÀÓ)ÌÉÙÄÁÖËÉÀ ÌÀÒÝáÄÍÀ ÂÅÄÒÃÆÄ ÂÀÃÀáÒÉË[ÓÊÀÌÉÓ ÀÍ ÓÀÅÀÒÞËÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÖÒÆÄÉÃÀÚÅÃÀÚÒÃÍÏÁÉË] ÌÃÂÏÌÀÒÄÏÁÀÛÉ ãÃÏÌÀ;ÌÏÍÄÁÉ ×ÄáÆÄ ÌÃÂÀÒÍÉ àÀÌÃÍÄÍ, ÀÌ ÓÀÙÀÌÏÓÊÉ ÜÅÄÍ, — ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ÀËÉ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÄÁÉ, —

ßÀÌÏßÏËÉËÍÉ [ÌÏáÄÒáÄÁÖË ÃÀ ÌÄÃÉÃÖÒÀÃÌÏßÚÏÁÉË ÐÏÆÀÛÉ] ÌÉÅÉÒÈÌÄÅÈ ÓÄÚÖÃÀÓ.

ÓÄÃÄÒÆÄ ÚÅÄËÀ ÄÒÈÌÀÍÄÈÓ ÖÍÃÀÄÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÏÃÄÓ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ ÈÀÅÊÀÝÉÓ(ßÀÌÚÅÀÍÉÓ) ÂÀÒÃÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÃÀÃÀÒÄÁÖËÉÀÌÄ×ÄÓ ÃÀ ÌÀÓ ÄÌÓÀáÖÒÄÁÉÀÍ, ÒÀÝÂÀÌÏÉáÀÔÄÁÀ àÉØÉÓ ÙÅÉÍÉÈ ÛÄÅÓÄÁÀÛÉ,ÊÄÒÞÄÁÉÓ ÈÄ×ÛÆÄ ÂÀÃÀÙÄÁÀÛÉ ÃÀ À.Û.ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ ßÄÅÒÉ ÅÀËÃÄÁÖËÉÀ ßÀÌÚÅÀÍÉÓÌÉÄÒ ÛÄÓÒÖËÄÁÖË ÚÏÅÄË ÊÖÒÈáÄÅÀÓÌÏÄÊÉÃÏÓ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÌÈÄËÉ ÓÀÆÏÂÀÃÉÄÁÉÓÓÀáÄËÉÈ ßÀÒÌÏÈØÌÖËÓ, ÒÀÈÀ ÌÏÓÌÄÍÉÈÂÀÌÏÅÉÃÄÓ ÌÏÅÀËÄÏÁÉÃÀÍ. ÃÉÃÉÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÏÁÀ ÀØÅÓ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ ÜÀÔÀÒÄÁÀÓ ÚÅÄËÀßÄÓÄÁÉÓ ÃÀÝÅÉÈ; ÀÒ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÌÉÓÉ ÃÀÚÏ×À,,ÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÏÅÀÍ” ÃÀ ,,ÌÄÏÒÄáÀÒÉÓáÏÅÀÍ”ÌÏÌÄÍÔÄÁÀÃ.

ÈÏÒÀ ÀÖÝÉËÄÁËÀÃ ÌÉÉÜÍÄÅÓ ×ÄÓÀáÉÓÙÀÌÄÓ ÓÀÖÁÀÒÓ ÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÃÀÍ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓÛÄÓÀáÄÁ (,,ÌÀÂÉÃ”). ÓÀÖÁÀÒÓ ÅÀÔÀÒÄÁÈÛÖÀÈÀÍÀ ÍÀáÄÅÀÒ ÌÀÝÀÆÄ, — ÌÀÒÀÃÉÖËÍÉÛÀÍÆÄ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ áÓÏÅÍÉÓÀ, — ÅÉÍÀÉÃÀÍ,,ÀÒ ÉÚÏ ÜÅÄÍÉ ÌÀÌÄÁÉÓ ÐÖÒÉÓ ÝÏÌÉÂÀ×ÖÄÁÖËÉ, ÒÏÝÀ ßÀÒÌÏÓÃÂÀ ÌÀÈ ßÉÍÀÛÄÌÄ×ÄÈÀ ÌÄ×Ä, ÖßÌÉÍÃÄÓÉ ÃÀ ÃÀÉáÓÍÀ ÉÓÉÍÉÌÀÛÉÍÅÄ…”; ,,ÍÀÜØÀÒÄÅÀÃ ÂÀÌÏáÅÄÃÉÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÉÃÀÍ, ÒÀÈÀ ÌÈÄËÉÓÉÝÏÝáËÄ ÂÀáÓÏÅÃÄÓ ÂÅÉÐÔÉÓ ØÅÄÚÍÉÃÀÍÛÄÍÉ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÃÙÄ…”

ÆÏÂÉÄÒÈ ÈÄÌÛÉ, ÊÀÁÀËÉÓÔÄÁÉÓÜÅÄÖËÄÁÉÓ ÌÉáÄÃÅÉÈ, ÌÉÙÄÁÖËÉÀ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓÃÀÓÀßÚÉÓÛÉ (,,ÉÀáÀÝ”) ÛÖÀÈÀÍÀ ÌÀÝÉÓ áÖÈÍÀßÉËÀÃ ÃÀÔÄáÅÀ ÃÀ ÌÀÈÂÀÍ ÚÅÄËÀÆÄÐÀÔÀÒÀ ÍÀßÉËÆÄ [ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ, ÌÀÒÈËÀÝ,,,ÓÉÙÀÒÉÁÉÓ ÐÖÒÓ” ÂÅÀÂÏÍÄÁÓ] ,,äÀÂÀÃÉÓ”ÊÉÈáÅÀ.

,,äÀÂÀÃÀ” ÉÖÃÀÉÆÌÉÓ ÄÒÈ-ÄÒÈÉÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÏÅÀÍÉ ÔÄÒÌÉÍÉÀ ÃÀ ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ,,ÈØÌÖËÄÁÀÓ”. ,,äÀÂÀÃÄÁÉÓ” ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉÌÉÆÀÍÉÀ ÂÀñÀÂÄÁÉÍÏÓ ÃÀÉÍÔÄÒÄÓÄÁÖËÌÊÉÈáÅÄËÓ, ÒÏÌ ÓÀÌÚÀÒÏÓ ÌÀÒÈÀÅÓÀÒÓÈÂÀÌÒÉÂÄ ÃÀ ÚÏÅÄË ÌÏÅËÄÍÀÛÉ ÜÀÍÓ ÌÉÓÉáÄËÉ.

×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ,,äÀÂÀÃÀÓ” ÀÒ äÚÀÅÓ ÊÏÍÊÒÄÔÖËÉÀÅÔÏÒÉ. ÌÉÓÉ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÀ ÌÉäÚÅÄÁÀ ÈÏÒÉÓËÏÂÉÊÀÓ.

ÌÈÀÅÀÒÉ ÉÃÄÀ ÉÓ ÀÒÉÓ, ÒÏÌ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ ÆÄÉÌÉÏÃÄÍ áÓÏÅÍÀ ÃÀ ÈáÒÏÁÀ ÊÉ ÀÒÀÀ, ÀÒÀÌÄÃÈÀÅÀÃ ÂÀÍÝÃÀÀ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓÀ.

ÁÒÞÄÍÈÀ ÀáÓÍÉÈ, ÂÀ×ÀÍÔÖËÏÁÀ ÃÀÖÝáÏÏÁÀÛÉ ÚÏ×ÍÀ (,,ÂÀËÖÈ”) ÂÀÌÏßÅÄÖËÉØÍÀ ÄÒÈÌÀÍÄÈÉÓ ÖÌÉÆÄÆÏ ÓÉÞÖËÅÉËÉÓ(,,ÓÉÍÀÈ áÉÍÀÌ”) ÛÄÃÄÂÀÃ, ÀÌÉÔÏÌ ÛÅÄËÀ(,,ÂÄÖËÀ”), ÀÍÖ ÂÀÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀ ÃÀÓÀÁÏËÏÏ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÀ, ÓÀÌÚÀÒÏÛÉ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀÌÏÅÉÃÄÓ ÌáÏËÏÃ ÖÒÈÉÄÒÈÓÉÚÅÀÒÖËÉÓ(,,À×ÀÊÀÈ áÉÍÀÌ”) ÛÄÌßÄÏÁÉÈ, — ÒÏÂÏÒÝÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÀÖÝÉËÄÁÄËÉ ÐÉÒÏÁÀ; ÂÅßÀÌÓ,ÒÏÌ ÀáËÏÀ ÜÅÄÍÉ ÂÀÃÀÒÜÄÍÀ ÃÀ ÅÀÝáÀÃÄÁÈÌÆÀÃÚÏ×ÍÀÓ ,,À×ÀÊÀÈ áÉÍÀÌÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ” —ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÌÀÔÄÒÉÀËÖÒ, ÉÓÄ ÓÖËÉÄÒÀÓÐÄØÔÛÉ.

ÁÒÞÄÍÈÃÀÀÃÂÉÍÄÓ, ÒÏÌÓÀÖÁÀÒÉÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓÛÄÓÀáÄÁÌÉÌÃÉÍÀÒÄÏÁÃÄÓÊÉÈáÅÀ-ÐÀÓÖáÉÓ×ÏÒÌÉÈ.ÀÒÀÌÀÒÔÏÁÀÅÛÅÄÁÓ,ÀÒÀÌÄÃ ÓÄÃÄÒÉÓ

ÈÉÈÏÄÖË ÌÏÍÀßÉËÄÓ, ÁÖÍÄÁÒÉÅÀÃ ÖÍÃÀÃÀÄÁÀÃÏÓ ÊÉÈáÅÀ: ,,ÌÀ ÍÉÛÈÀÍÀ?…” —,,ÒÉÈ ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÃÄÁÀ ÄÓ ÙÀÌÄ ÓáÅÀ ÙÀÌÄÈÀÂÀÍ?”

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÏÃÄÓÙÀÝ, —ÓÀÌÉ ÀÈÀÓ ÓÀÌÀÓÉ ßËÉÓ ßÉÍÀÈ, — ÜÅÄÍÌÀÌÀÌÄÁÌÀ ÌÉÉÙÄÓ, ÉÌÃÄÍÀÃ ÌÀÙÀËÉÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÉÀÒÓÉÈ, ÒÏÌ ÌÉÓÊÄÍ ÆÄÀÓÅËÀ ÜÅÄÍÉ áÀËáÉÓÀÒÓÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÌÀÍÞÉËÆÄ ÂÒÞÄËÃÄÁÀ, ÒÀÌÄÈÖ ÉÌ,,ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÀÛÉÝ” ÃÀ ÌÏÌÀÅÀË, ,,ÓÀÁÏËÏÏÂÀÌÏÓÅËÀÛÉÝ” [ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ,,ÍÀßÉËÏÁÒÉÅÉÂÀÌÏÓÅËÄÁÉÓÀÂÀÍ” ÛÄÃÂÄÁÀ] ÜÅÄÍÝÅÙÄÁÖËÏÁÈ ÌÏÍÀßÉËÄÏÁÀÓ.

ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÌÏÅËÄÍÄÁÆÄ ÓÀÖÁÀÒÉ ÃÀ ÀáÓÍÀ-ÂÀÍÌÀÒÔÄÁÀ ÂÀÃÌÏÝÄÌÖË ÖÍÃÀ ÉØÍÀÓÚÏÅÄËÉ ÄÁÒÀÄËÉÓ (..ÏÈáÉ ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀÍÀÉÒÉÛÅÉËÉÓ”) ÉÍÔÄËÄØÔÖÀËÖÒÉ ÃÀ ÓÖËÉÄÒÉÂÀÍÅÉÈÀÒÄÁÉÓ ÃÏÍÄÆÄ.

ÌÀÂÒÀÌ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÀÃÌÏÒÉ — ÒÀÁÉ ÌÄÍÀáÄÌÌÄÍÃÄË ÛÍÄÄÒÓÏÍÉ — ÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÃÀ, ÃÙÄÓ,ÜÅÄÍ ÃÒÏÛÉ, ÓÀÌßÖáÀÒÏÃ, ÀÒÉÓ ÊÉÃÄÅÌÄáÖÈÄ ÛÅÉËÉ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÓÀÄÒÈÏÃÉÍÔÄÒÄÓÓÀÝ ÀÒ ÉÜÄÍÓ ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÌÉÌÀÒÈ ÃÀ ÀÒÌÉÖãÃÄÁÀ ÓÀÃÙÄÓÀÓßÀÖËÏ ÀÂÀÃÉÓ ÌÀÂÉÃÀÓ.ÜÅÄÍÉ ÅÀËÉÀ ÚÅÄËÀ ÙÏÍÄ ÅÉáÌÀÒÏÈ ×ÄÓÀáÉÓÙÀÌÄÓ ÓÄÃÄÒÆÄ ÀÌ ÛÅÉËÉÓ ÃÀÓÀÓßÒÄÁÀÃ.

ÉÖÃÀÉÆÌÉÓ ÌÓÏ×ËÌáÄÃÅÄËÏÁÉÈ, ÙÅÈÉÓÌÉÄÒ ÛÄØÌÍÉË äÀÒÌÏÍÉÖË ÓÀÌÚÀÒÏÛÉ ÚÏÅÄËÓÀÂÀÍÓ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ÉÍÃÉÅÉÃÖÀËÖÒÉ ÃÀÍÉÛÍÖËÄÁÀÀØÅÓ ÃÀ ÚÏÅÄË ÌÏÅËÄÍÀÓ ÈÀÅÉÓÉ ÌÉÆÀÍÉÂÀÀÜÍÉÀ, ÒÉÓÉ ÛÄÝÍÏÁÀÝ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀÌÏÝÄÌÖËÉ ÓÀÂÍÉÓ, ÀÍ ÌÏÅËÄÍÉÓÈÀÅÉÓÄÁÖÒÄÁÄÁÛÉ ßÅÃÏÌÉÈ. ×ÄÓÀáÉÓ ÚÏÅÄË

ÃÙÄÓÀÓßÀÖËÉÓÀÓ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉ ÉÙÄÁÓÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÄÁÉÓ ÀáÀË ,,ÖËÖ×ÀÓ”; ÒÀÌÃÄÍÀÃÃÉÃÉÀ ÄÓ ,,ÖËÖ×À”, ÐÉÒÀÃÀÃ ÌÉÓÞÀËÉÓáÌÄÅÀÆÄÀ ÃÀÌÏÊÉÃÄÁÖËÉ: ÒÀÌÃÄÍÀÃÀÝäÚÏ×ÍÉÓ ÛÉÍÀÂÀÍÉ ÞÀËÄÁÉ, ÉÌÃÄÍÀÃ ÛÄÓÞËÄÁÓ,,ÄÂÅÉÐÔÉÃÀÍ ÂÀÌÏÓÅËÀÓ”.

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kviras, 2004 wlis 21 marts

ocdaaTamde qalbatoni

Segrovda qarTul sinagogasTan.

am dRes iyo daniSnuli eqskur-

sia manxetenze, ebrauli sina-

gogebis ganlagebis adgilebSi,

da agreTve kopokostis istori-

is muzeumSi.

es eqskursia Cvenma qalebma

saCuqrad miiRes qalbaton

naTela zakisagan purimis

dResaswaulTan dakavSirebiT.

igi agreTve mxardaWerili iqna

prezident roman zakis da

Cveni `gamgeobis~ mier.

civi qaris da miuxedavaT, Cveni

saTno qalbatonebi iyvnen

mSvenier guneba ganwyobaze.

isini sixaruliT egegebodnen

erTmaneTs, da saerTod unda

iTqvas, rom Sedga Zalzed sain-

tereso koleqtivi. komforta-

beluri avtobusis

gamoCenisTanave xasiTi kidev

ufro gamokeTda. rogorc

yovelTvis, avtobusis organize-

ba gaakeTa Cveni qalTa organi-

zaciis prezidentma qalbatonma

lamara eliSakovam. es gaxldaT

mis mier organizebuli morigi

eqskursia, da rogorc

yovelTvis is Catarda umaRles

doneze. Cveni gidi, Zalzed sain-

teresod da amomwuravad gviyve-

boda istorias

n i u - i o r k S i

p i r v e l i

e b r a e l e b i s

gamoCenis Sesaxeb.

qveda manxetenSi

C v e n

davaTvaliereT

a m e r i k a S i

C a m o s u l i

pirveli asi

ebraelis adg-

ilsamyofeli da

RirSesaniSnaobebi. maT daarses

TavianTi raioni, TavianTi sina-

goga, cxovrobdnen megobrulad

da mSvidobianad, bevrs exmare-

bodnen erTmaneTs. Zalzed

gulis amaCuyebeli iyo

sasaflaosaTvis gamoyofili

adgilis daTvaliereba, romel-

ic dRemde aris SenarCunebuli

da SemoRobili, rogorc memori-

ali im pirveli asi ebraelisa.

dReisaTvis manxetenSi arsebobs

samocamde ebrauli sinagoga,

romlebic daculia da

gadacemulia samuzeumo

eqsponatad.

eqskursiis mimdinareobis

ganmavlobaSi batoni evgeni

Zalzed sainteresod yveboda

niu iorkis dafuZnebis wlebSi

ebraelTa rolis da maTi

cxovrebis Sesaxeb.

didi siamovnebiT gaviareT

patara ruseTi, romelic

Zalian waagavda `wiTel

moedans~ da gamaocebeli iyo

manxetenis centrSi

aRmarTuli v. leninis

Zeglis xilva.

eqskursia mimdinareobda sak-

maod maRal doneze. Cveni

qalbatonebi, TavianTi mdi-

dari iumoriT, istoriis da

musikis Rrma codniT ver

Cerdebodnen Cumad. qalba-

tonma eva beriZem didi

siamovnebiT gvimRera ramod-

enime simRera, rac

danarCenebis mier atacebul

iqna. isini yvebodnen mas

simReraSi da taSs ukravdnen

. CvenTan erTad brZandeboda

qalbatoni exeved xeni, da miuxe-

davad imisa, rom

mas ar esmoda

Cveni gidis

m o n a T x r o b i ,

radgan igi yvebo-

da rusul enaze,

man miiRo udidesi

siamovneba. Cven

davaTvaliereT 11

s e q t e m b r i s

tragediis adg-

ili, romelmac

yvelaSi gamoiwvia

im dauviwyari Semzaravi

dReebis uamravi mogonebani.

iqedan Cven gavemgzavreT

`xolokostas~ muzeumSi, romel-

mac aseve udidesi STabeWdileba

moaxdina Cvenze. es muzeumi

axali gaxsnilia, sam sarTulze

Zalzed STambeWdavad warmodge-

nilia ebraelTa istoria omis

dawyebamde, maTi istoria da

saqmianoba imdroindeli origi-

naluri eqsponatebis

saSualebiT. pirvel sarTulze

warmodgenilia ebraelTa

nivTebis gamofena. maT Sorisaa

sefer-Tora, xanukia, saojaxo

nivTebi; Cven vnaxeT Tu rogor

tardeboda xupa, magram am

sixaruls sevdas gvris pirveli

msoflio omis dawyeba, rodesac

hitleri Tavs daesxa sabWoTa

kavSirs, da amiT msoflio sazo-

gadoebriobas Tavzari daeca.

xolokosti aris msoflio

tragedia, romelic dRemde arse-

bobs xalxis mexsierebaSi. Cven

vnaxeT sakoncentracio banakebi,

gazis saknebi, rogor sunTqavda

dedamiwa cocxlad damarxuli

adamianebis gamo. es aris is,

rasac Zalzed sainteresod

gviyvebodnen amerikaSi mcx-

ovrebi axalgazrdebi, emi-

grantebi. saamayo iyo yovelive

amis mosmena axalgazrda

Taobisagan, rogorc ityvian

`aravin da araferi ar aris

daviwyebuli~.

mesame sarTuli gacilebiT

ufro wynaria, vinaidan iq

warmodgenilia dRevandeli

cxovreba Tanamedrove

samyaroSi.

survili giCndeba dausrule-

blad wero, magram, rogorc

amboben unda Seni TvaliT

naxo, rom SeigrZno. dasana-

nia, rom bevri Cveni qalba-

toni ar monawileobda am

eqskursiaSi. Cvenma gamgeobam

yvelaferi gaakeTa imisaTvis,

rom yvelasaTvis misawvdomi

yofiliyo RirSesaniSnaobaTa

daTvaliereba. Cveni eqskursia

gaemarTa manxetenis centrSi

didi sinagogis

dasaTvaliereblad. sinagogamde

erTi saaTi gvqonda lanCisTvis.

gogonebi daiyvnen ramodenime

jgufad da Zalze lamaz adgi-

las, romelsac ewodeba "Si-

port"-i Cven SeudeqiT Cvens

sauzmes. rogorc miRebulia

aseT dros, Cveni qalebi

umaspinZldebodnen erTmaneTs

TavianTi kulinaruli

SedevrebiT, ramac gamoiwvia

ufro didi gamococxleba,

sicili, sixaruli da kmay-

ofileba.

didi sinagoga- "Congregation

Emanue-El of the Citi of New

York"-agebulia 1845 w. igi itevs

2000-mde kacs, igi konservatiu-

lia. masSi rabais rolSi

gamodis rogorc kaci, aseve

qali. igi mopirkeTebulia

mozaikiT. SabaTobiT da

dResaswaulebze ukravs orRani,

magram rac yvelaze did

STabeWdilebas axdens, aris

Tavad nageboba- misi Weris

simaRle, garSemo aivnebiT,

saidanac agreTve sCans "aron

akodeS~, aqedan iReben sefer-

Toras. Cveni jgufi aRtacebiT

usmenda Cvens gids-adas, romel-

ic inglisur enaze yveboda

didi sinagogis istorias.

me visurvebdi, rom aseTi

RonisZiebebi ufro xSirad

tardebodes, da ufro meti

Cvengani iRebdes masSi monaw-

ileobas.

Zvirfas qalebs, am eqskursiis

yvela monawile qalbatons

didi madloba imisaTvis, rom

Tqven arsebobT. Tumca bevri

xanSiSesuli iyo, magram maT

Zalze Rirseulad da

TavSekavebulad gaares es gza

CvenTan erTad diliT 10 sT.-dan

saRamos 6 sT.-mde. yvela kmay-

ofili iyo. me, piradad madlo-

beli var yvelasi.. didi madlo-

ba, da axal Sexvedrebamde axal

eqskursiebze.

madlena iagudaeva

eeqskursia niu-iiorkSi

#17 march 31, 2004 5

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Tamila ( n aomi )

xuxaSvilis

deedas q-nn lilis, mamas vaxos, qaliSvils maikkos

ojjaxiT, vaJJs aCikkos, Zmas Teemuris ojjaxiT, das

nanis ojjaxiT, deedamTil q-nn zinas, muleebs nanis

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TanagrZnobas da samZimars vuccxadeebT

mmiixxoo ddaa lliiddaa kkrriixxeellii,, llaallii ddaa jjiimmii

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Tamila (naomi) xuxaSvilis

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rriittaa ddaa ooTTaarrii

iioosseebbaaSSvviilleebbii,, rruussiikkoo ddaa

rroommaa ppaarrllaaggaaSSvviilleebbii

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ddaa RRrrmmaa mmwwuuxxaarreebbiiTT iiuuwwyyeebbiiaann

uuddrroooodd ggaarrddaaccvvaalleebbaass

TTaannaaggrrZZnnoobbaass vvuuccxxaaddeebbTT

ddeeddaass qq-nn lliilliiss,, mmaammaass vvaaxxooss,, qqaalliiSSvviillss

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oojjaaxxiiTT,, ddaass nnaanniiss oojjaaxxiiTT,, ddeeddaammTTiill qq-nn

zziinnaass,, mmuulleebbss nnaanniiss oojjaaxxiiTT,, rriinnaass oojjaaxxiiTT

ddaa yyvveellaa nnaaTTeessaavveebbss.

menuxaTa began yeden

ÓÀÉÃÀÍÌÏÃÉáÀÒ?

ÀÁÒÀÌ ÌÀÌÉÓÈÅÀËÏÅÉ

×áÄÊÉÊÅÉÒÀÓ ÄÞÀáÃÍÄÍ ÃÀ ÌÈÄË ÈÅÄÓ×áÄÊÃÍÄÍ ØÀËÄÁÉ ÂÏÁÄÁÓ, ÒÄÝáÀÅÃÍÄÍàÖÒàÄËÓ, ßÌÄÍÃÍÄÍ ÀÈÀÓ ÒÀÌÄÓ.

ÉÌ ÃÒÏÓ ÝáÉÍÅÀËÛÉ ÏÍÊÀÍÄÁÉÍÀÊËÄÁÀÃ ÉÚÏ ÃÀ ÂÄÚÖÒÄÁÉÍÀÈ, ÒÀËÀÌÀÆÀÃ ÜÀÌßÊÒÉÅÃÄÁÏÃÍÄÍ ËÉÀáÅÉÓÐÉÒÆÄ ÄÁÒÀÄËÉÓ ØÀËÄÁÉ ÂÀÌÖÒÖËÉØÅÀÁÄÁÉÈ, ×ÄÒÃÀÊÀÒÂÖËÉ ÂÏÒÃÀ-ÂÏÁÄÁÉÈ, ÝáÉÌÉÓÀÂÀÍ ÂÀÚÅÉÈËÄÁÖËÉÈÄ×ÛÄÁÉÈ ÃÀ ÛÉÂÀÃÀÛÉÂÓÉÈÄÈÒÄÃÀÊÀÒÂÖËÉ ÈÄÈÒÄÖËÉÈ.

-- ×áÄÊÉÊÅÉÒÀ ÒÏÌ ÀÒ ÉÚÏÓ, ÜÄÌÉÝÏËÉ ÝÏÝáËÀÃ ÀÚÒÏËÃÄÁÏÃÀ ÃÀ ÌÄÝÀÌÀÚÒÏËÄÁÃÀ, -- ÀÌÁÏÁÃÀ ÛÀËÏÌÉ.

-- ÛÄÍ ÂÀÂÉáÌÄÓ ÄÂ ÄÍÀ, -- ÓßÚÉÍÃÀÝÏËÓ, -- ÚÏÅÄË ÛÀÁÀÈÓ ÒÏÌÂÀØÀÈØÀÈÄÁÖË ÍÉ×áÀÅ-ÐÄÒÀÍÂÓ ÉÝÅÀÌ, ÉÓÝáÏÍÄÁÖËÉ ÁÄÁÉÀÛÄÍÉ ÂÉÂÆÀÅÍÉÓÓÀÉØÉÏÃÀÍ?

-- ÌÀÒÔÏ ÍÉ×áÀÅ-ÐÄÒÀÍÂÉÀ ÓÀØÌÄ? ÀÁÀ,ÊÖÈáÄ-ÊÖÍàÖËÛÉÝ ÛÄÉáÄÃÄ…

ÊÖÈáÄ-ÊÖÍàÖËÉÓ ÌÏÓÀÅËÄËÀÃ ÊÉÒÀáÄËÉ ÌÀÒÈËÀÝ ÅÄÒ ÉÝËÉÃÀ×áÄÊÉÊÅÉÒÀÌÃÄ.

ÐÀÔÀÒÀ ÛÀÁÀÈÀÓ ÚÅÄËÀÆÄ ÌÄÔÀÃÖáÀÒÏÃÀ ÊÖÈáÄ-ÊÖÍàÖËÉÓ ÂÀÌÏÚÒÀ-ÃÀËÀÂÄÁÀ. ÉÓÄ ÒÏÂÏÒ ÉØÍÄÁÏÃÀ, ÒÏÌÁËÏÌÀÃ ÀÒ ÄÐÏÅÍÀ ßÅÒÉËÉ ×ÖËÉ,

ÊÏàÄÁÉ, ÌÏÅÀÒÀÚÄÁÖËÉ ÈÄ×ÛÉÓ ÍÀÔÄáÄÁÉÃÀ ÀÈÀÓÂÅÀÒÉ ÈÅÀËÓÀÀÌÏ ÍÉÅÈÄÁÉ. ÊÉÃÄÅÊÀÒÂÉ, ÚÏÅÄËÃÙÄ ÀÒ ÖÅËÉÃÀ ÃÄÃÀÔÀáÔÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÆÀÍÃÖÊÉÓ ØÅÄÛÄÁÓ, ÈÏÒÄÌÀÓÄÈ ÒÀÌÄÄÁÓ ÉØ ÅÉÍ ÂÀÀÜÄÒÄÁÃÀ.

ÃÀ ÌÀÉÝ, Ö×ÒÏ ÌÄÔÀÃ ÀÂÀÃÀ-ÙÀÌÄÖáÀÒÏÃÀ ÛÀÁÀÈÀÓ. ãÄÒ ÄÒÈÉ, ÚÅÄËÀÍÉÃÀÌÛÄÖËÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÌÀÝÉÓ ÍÀÔÒÖËÄÁÉÉÚÅÍÄÍ, ÌÀÓ ÊÉ ÖÊÅÄ ÌÏÚÉÒàÄÁÖËÉ äØÏÍÃÀÃÀ ÂÖËÛÉ ÃÀÓÝÉÍÏÃÀ Ö×ÒÏÓÄÁÓ.ÌÄÏÒÄÝ, À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÉÓ ÌÀÝÀÓ ËÀÌÀÆÉÐÉÒÓÀáÏÝÉÈ ÛÄÌÏÀÊÒÀÅÃÍÄÍ ÌáÀÒÆÄ,ÀÉÅÀÍÆÄ ÂÀÖÛÅÄÁÃÍÄÍ ÃÀ ÌÄÒÄ ÓÀÐÀÔÉÏÓÔÖÌÀÒÉÅÉÈ ÙÄÁÖËÏÁÃÍÄÍ.

ÉÌ ×ÄÓÀáÛÉ ÛÀÁÀÈÀÓ áÖÈÉ ßÄËÉÛÄÖÓÒÖËÃÀ. ÓßÏÒÄÃ ×áÄÊÉÊÅÉÒÀÛÉÌÉÀÁÀÒÄÓ ÌÄËÀÌÄÃÈÀÍ ÃÀ ÀËÄ×-ÁÄÈÉßÚÀËÉÅÉÈ ÉÓßÀÅËÀ. ÌÀÌÀ ÛÄÐÉÒÃÀ, ,,ÌÀÍÉÛÈÀÍÀÓ" ÛÄÍ ßÀÂÀÊÉÈáÄÁÏ. ,,ÌÀÍÉÛÈÀÍÀÆÄ" ÀÃÒÄ ,,À ËÀáÌÀ ÚÀÍÉÀ" ÉÚÏßÀÓÀÊÉÈáÉ, áÏËÏ ÉÌÀÆÄ ÀÃÒÄ ÛÀÁÀÈÀÓÌáÀÒÉ ÀÖáÅÉÄÓ À×ÉÊÏÌÀÍÉÈ ÃÀ ÃÒÏÄÁÉÈÂÀÒÄÈ ÂÀÉÓÔÖÌÒÄÓ.

ÛÄÌÏÓÅËÉÓ ÃÒÏ ÒÏÌ ÃÀÃÂÀ, ÛÀÁÀÈÀÌÓÉÝÉËÉÈ ÂÀÃÌÏÀÁÉãÀ ÆÙÖÒÁËÓ, ÀáÀËÉáÀËÀÈÉÓ ÓÀáÄËÏÈÉ ÝáÅÉÒÉ ÌÏÉáÏÝÀ ÃÀßÀÒÌÏÓÈØÅÀ:

-- ÌÏÚÀÃÉÌ ËÄÓÉÌáÀ!-- ÌÒÀÅÀË ÌÏÚÄÃÓ ÃÀÄÓßÀÒÉ

ÁÄÃÍÉÄÒÀÃ, ÛÅÉËÏ, -- ÚÅÄËÀÓ ÌÀÂÉÅÒÀÃÖÐÀÓÖáÀ ÒÀáÄËÌÀ, -- ÛÄÍÉ ÂÀÆÒÃÀ-ÃÀÅÀÑÊÀÝÄÁÀ ÃÀ ÃÀÏãÀáÄÁÀÝ ÌÀÙÉÒÓÏÓÙÌÄÒÈÌÀ!

-- ÌÏÁÒÞÀÍÃÉ, ÓÔÖÌÀÒÏ! -- ÛÄÓÞÀáÀÛÀËÏÌÌÀ, -- ÓÀÉÃÀÍ ÌÏÃÉáÀÒ?

-- ÀÉÅÍÉÃÀÍ! -- ÖÐÀÓÖáÀ ÛÀÁÀÈÀÌ.

ÚÅÄËÀÓ áÀÒáÀÒÉ ÀÖÔÚÃÀ, ÛÀËÏÌÌÀ ÊÉÓÄÒÉÏÆÖËÀÃ ÈØÅÀ:

-- ÛÄÍ ÖÊÅÄ ÈÀËÌÉÃÉ áÀÒ ÃÀ ÀÓÄ ÀÒÛÄÂ×ÄÒÉÓ. ÀÁÀ ÂÀÃÉ ÃÀ ÉÓÄÅ ÛÄÌÏÃÉ!

ÛÀÁÀÈÀ ÂÀÅÉÃÀ ÃÀ ÝÏÔÀ áÍÉÓ ÛÄÌÃÄÂÉÓÄÅ ÛÄÌÏÅÉÃÀ.

-- ÓÀÉÃÀÍ ÌÏÃÉáÀÒ? -- äÊÉÈáÀ ÌÀÌÀÌ.-- ÓÀÌÆÀÒÄÖËÏÃÀÍ! ÓÖ×ÒÀÓÈÍ ÌÓáÃÏÌÄÁÌÀ ÊÉÃÄÅ ÂÀÉÝÉÍÄÓ

ÃÀ ÌÀÌÀÌ ÊÉÃÄÅ ÂÀÂÆÀÅÍÀ ÂÀÒÄÈ:-- ÛÀÁÀÈÀ! ÛÄÍ ÃÉÃÉ ÁÉàÉ áÀÒ ÃÀ ÖÍÃÀ

ÂÄÓÌÏÃÄÓ, ÒÏÌ ÓÔÖÌÀÒÉ ÓÀÊÖÈÀÒÉÓÀáËÉÃÀÍ ÀÒ ÌÏÃÉÓ, ÌÉÈÖÌÄÔÄÓ×ÄÓÀáÛÉ. ÌÉáÅÃÉ?

-- ÌÉÅáÅÃÉ! -- ÀÉÅÍÉÃÀÍ ÛÄÌÏÉÞÀáÀÁÀÅÛÅÌÀ ÃÀ ÓÉÁÍÄËÄÛÉ ÂÀÖÜÉÍÀÒÃÀ.ÊÀÒÂÀ áÀÍÓ ÀÒ ÜÀÍÃÀ. ÒÀáÄËÉÛÄ×ÉØÒÉÀÍÃÀ, ÛÀËÏÌÓ ÍÄÒÅÉÖËÏÁÀÃÀÄÔÚÏ, ÓáÅÄÁÉ ÛÄÉÛÌÖÛÍÄÍ. ÒÀÃÀÓÀÌÀËÉÀ, ÒÏÌ ÚÅÄËÀÓ ÄÜØÀÒÄÁÏÃÀÌÀÝÉÓÀ ÃÀ áÀÒÏÓÄÈÉÓ ÂÄÌÏÓ ÂÀÓÉÍãÅÀ.

ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÉØÍÀ ÂÀÌÏÜÍÃÀ ÛÀÁÀÈÀ.-- ÓÀÉÃÀÍ ÌÏÃÉáÀÒ? -- ÊÅËÀÅ ÛÄÄÊÉÈáÀ

ÛÀËÏÌÉ. -- ÞÉÀ ÉÀÚÏÁÉÓ ÓÀáËÉÃÀÍ!áÄËÀáËÀÃ ÂÀÂÆÀÅÍÉÓ ÃÒÏ ÀÙÀÒ ÉÚÏ

ÃÀ ÛÀËÏÌÉ ÐÒÀØÔÉÊÖË ÓßÀÅËÄÁÀÆÄÂÀÃÀÅÉÃÀ:

-- ÌÏÌÉÓÌÉÍÄ, ÛÅÉËÏ, ÀÓÄ ÖÍÃÀ ÈØÅÀ -- ÌÉÝÒÀÉÌÉÃÀÍ ÌÏÅÃÉÅÀÒ!..

-- ÌÄ ÌÉÝÒÀÉÌÛÉ ÀÒ ÅÚÏ×ÉËÅÀÒ! --ÌÉÀÌÉÔÀÃ ÖÐÀÓÖáÀ ÁÀÅÛÅÌÀ.

-- ÀÒ ÚÏ×ÉËáÀÒ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÀÓÄ ÖÍÃÀÈØÅÀ!

-- ÌÄËÀÌÄÃÌÀ ÂÅÀÓßÀÅËÀ, ÈÏÒÀÛÉßÄÒÉÀ, ÔÚÖÉËÉÓ ÈØÌÀ ÀÒ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀÏ!

-- ÊÀÒÂÉ, ÃÀãÄØÉ!.. ÀÌÀÙÀÌ ,,ÌÀÍÉÛÈÀÍÀÓ" ÌÄÍÀÛÄ ßÀÉÊÉÈáÀÅÓ!

ÌÄÍÀÛÄ ÛÅÉÃÉ ßËÉÓÀ ÉÚÏ ÃÀÝÏÔÀÏÃÄÍÉ ,,ÈÀÅÓÉËÉÝ" (ÈÀÒÂÌÀÍÉ)ÉÝÏÃÀ. ÌÀÍ ÈØÅÀ:

-- ÌÉÝÒÀÉÌÛÉ ÀÒÝ ÌÄ ÅÚÏ×ÉËÅÀÒ! -- ÃÀÂÅÉÀÍÃÀ! -- ßÀÉÁÖÆÙÖÍÀ

ÒÀáÄËÌÀ. ÌÀÓ ÃÄÃÀÌÈÉËÌÀÝ ÀÖÁÀ ÌáÀÒÉ.ÛÀËÏÌÉ ÌÄÍÀÛÄÓ ÌÉÖÁÒÖÍÃÀ:

-- ÊÀÒÂÉ, ÃÀÉßÚÄ: ,,ÌÀ ÍÉÛÈÀÍÀäÀËÀÉËÀ ÀÆÄ…"

-- ,,ÒÀ ÂÀÌÏÝÅËÉËÉÀ ÙÀÌÄ ÄÓÄ…" --ÞÅÄËÄÁÖÒ ÌÏÔÉÅÆÄ ÂÀÀÁÀ ÌÄÍÀÛÄÌ.

ÓÖ×ÒÀÓÈÀÍ ÌÓáÃÏÌÄÁÌÀ ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ËÀÃÀÌÏÉÓÖÍÈØÄÓ ÃÀ ,,äÀÂÀÃÉÓ" ÌÀËÄÃÀÌÈÀÅÒÄÁÉÓ ÌÏËÏÃÉÍÛÉ áÀÒÏÓÄÈÓÃÀÖßÚÄÓ áÀÒÁÀÃ ÝØÄÒÀ.

,,×ÄÓÀáÉ" -- ,,ÀÌÀÍÀ" 1980ÉÓÀÊ ÊÒÉáÄËÉÓ ÁÉÁËÉÏÈÄÊÉÃÀÍ


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moulodneli iyo Seni sikvdili yvela CvenTaganisaTvis da Seni spetakinaTeli xsovna samudamod darCeba Cveni da yvela naTesavebis gulSi.

ÌÛ ÐÀÇ-ÁÓ-ÁÓ-ÏÀËÎÌÍÈÊÈÏÀËÎÌÍÈÊÈ, ÏÀËÎÌÍÈÊÈ…

Âîçìîæíî, ïðè ñëîâå"ïàëîìíèê" âû ñðàçóæå ïðåäñòàâëÿåòå ñå-

áå ìóñóëüìàíèíà, ñîâåð-øàþùåãî õàäæ â Ìåêêó èÌåäèíó. À ìîæåò, õðèñòèà-íèíà, áðåäóùåãî â Ôàòèìóè Ñàíòüÿãî-äå-Êîìïîñòåëà.È óæ íàâåðíÿêà â âàøèõôàíòàçèÿõ íåò ìåñòà åâðå-ÿì. À âåäü âñåãî 2000 ëåòíàçàä åâðåéñêèå ïàëîìíè-êè áûëè ñîâåðøåííî îáû÷-íûì ÿâëåíèåì.

Ðå÷ü èäåò î òðåõ ïðàçä-íèêàõ, çàïîâåäàííûõ Òîðîé,òðåõ "êèòàõ" èóäàèçìà, îáðà-çóþùèõ "ñîþç", íàçûâàåìûé"Øàëîø Ðåãàëèì" ("Òðè ïåðèî-äà", èëè "Òðè Íîãè"). Îíè íà-ïîìèíàþò íàì î òðåõ î÷åíüâàæíûõ ìîìåíòàõ â èñòîðèèåâðåéñêîãî íàðîäà, à òàêæå îòîì, êàê ìíîãî îíè çíà÷àòäëÿ íàñ òåïåðü.

Âî âðåìåíà ñóùåñòâîâà-íèÿ Õðàìà ýòè ïðàçäíèêè íà-çûâàëèñü "Ïðàçäíèêàìè Ñòðà-íñòâèÿ". Íåçàâèñèìî îò òîãîìåñòà, ãäå íàõîäèëèñü åâðåè,â äíè ýòèõ òðåõ òîðæåñòâ èìíåîáõîäèìî áûëî ñîâåðøèòüïàëîìíè÷åñòâî â Èåðóñàëèì,ê Õðàìó. Ñåé÷àñ, êîãäà Õðàìóæå äâà òûñÿ÷åëåòèÿ êàê ðàç-ðóøåí, åâðåè âûíóæäåíû îò-ìå÷àòü ýòè ïðàçäíèêè â òåõãîðîäàõ, â êîòîðûõ, âîëåþÂñåâûøíåãî, ïðîæèâàþò âäàííûé ìîìåíò, ñòàðàÿñü âû-ïîëíÿòü âñå ðèòóàëû è òðàäè-öèè.

Ýòè òàê íàçûâà-åìûå "òðè íî-ãè" øàãà-

þò ïî ãîäó îò âåñíû äî îñåíè.Îíè èçâåñòíû íàì êàê Ïåñàõ,Øàâóîò è Ñóêêîò. Øàã çà øà-ãîì, â òðè ýòàïà îíè ñíîâà èñíîâà îæèâëÿþò ïåðåä íàøèìèãëàçàìè "êàðòèíó" èñõîäà åâ-ðååâ èç Åãèïòà è âîçâðàùåíèÿèõ â Çåìëþ Îáåòîâàííóþ.

Òðè íîãè îáû÷íî áûâàåòó êàëåêè. Íîðìàëüíîìó ÷åëî-âåêó, òâåðäî ñòîÿùåìó íà íî-

ãàõ, íèêàêàÿ òðåòüÿ îïîðà íåíóæíà. Íå ñ÷èòàåòå ëè âû ýòî"òðåõíîãîå" ñîâïàäåíèå ñèì-âîëè÷íûì? Òàê ëè óæ íóæíûýòè ïàëîìíè÷åñòâà? Íàïðè-ìåð, Ïåñàõ… Íåóæåëè íåäîñòàòî÷íî òîãî, ÷òî ìû ñúå-äèì íåìíîãî ìàöû, ñèäÿ óñåáÿ äîìà?

ÌÈÌÎ ÒÅÙÈÍÎÃÎ ÄÎÌÀ ß ÁÅÇ

ØÓÒÎÊ ÍÅ ÕÎÆÓ

Íà÷íåì ïî ïîðÿäêó. Êàêèçâåñòíî, ñòîë íà òðåõ íîãàõãîðàçäî óñòîé÷èâåå äâóõ-, ÷å-òûðåõ-, ïÿòèíîãîãî ñòîëà. Åñ-òåñòâåííî, ïðè óñëîâèè ñîá-ëþäåíèÿ ïðàâèë ýêñïëóàòàöèè.Òàê è ñ èóäàèçìîì. Íàøè "òðèíîãè", ïðè óñëîâèè èõ ïðà-âèëüíîé ýêñïëóàòàöèè, îáåñ-ïå÷èâàþò íàäåæíóþ îïîðó. È,ãëàâíîå çäåñü, íå äîïóñòèòüíèêàêèõ ïåðåêîñîâ.

À íàñ÷åò Ïåñàõà… Â1968 ãîäó íà öåðåìîíèè âðó-÷åíèÿ "Îñêàðà" Áîá Õîóï ñîð-âàë øêâàë àïëîäèñìåíòîâñâîèì îñòðîóìíûì ïðèâåò-ñòâèåì: "Äîáðî ïîæàëîâàòü íàöåðåìîíèþ. Â ìîåì äîìå, -ïðîäîëæàë àêòåð, - ïðîöåäóðàâñòðå÷è ãîñòåé íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñôðàçû: "ïðîõîäèòå, ïðîõîäè-òå… ìèìî!". Òàê âîò, ñëîâî"Ïåñàõ" òîæå ïåðåâîäèòñÿêàê "ïðîõîæäåíèå ìèìî".Êñòàòè, "Õîóï" ïåðåâîäèò-ñÿ êàê "íàäåæäà", à ó åâ-ðååâ "íàäåæäà" âñåãäàñâÿçàíà ñî ñïàñåíèåì,ñ ïîáåäîé æèçíè íàäñìåðòüþ, òàê ÷òî â òó

ïåðâóþ ïàñõàëüíóþ íî÷ü äîë-ãîæäàííàÿ ñâîáîäà îêàçàëàñüäëÿ íàñ ãîðàçäî áîëåå çíà÷è-ìîé, ÷åì âðó÷åíèå ïðèçîâàìåðèêàíñêîé êèíîàêàäåìèè.

ÇÍÀÅÒÅ ËÈ ÂÛ, ÷ÒÎ…

Åãèïòÿíå âåðèëè â àñò-ðîëîãèþ è ïîêëîíÿëèñü çîäè-àêàëüíûì çíàêàì. Ïåðâûéçíàê - ýòî îâåí, òî åñòü áà-ðàí. Ìåñÿö îâíà ñîâïàäàåò ñíèñàíîì, ìåñÿöåì, êîãäà ñëó-÷èëñÿ Èñõîä, è åâðåÿì áûëîïðèêàçàíî çàðåçàòü èìåííîáàðàíà, ñâÿùåííîå äëÿ åãèï-òÿí æèâîòíîå. Ïðîñòîå ëè ýòîñîâïàäåíèå, èëè Âñåâûøíèéòàêèì ñïîñîáîì ó÷èë åâðåéñ-êèé íàðîä, ÷òî âåðà â ïðå-äîïðåäåëåíèå âñåãî íåâåðíà

è ÷òîçâåçäû íå ìîãóò îïðå-äåëÿòü ñóäüáó ÷åëî-âåêà, à çîäèàêàëü-íûå çíàêè -ïðåäñêàçûâàòüáóäóùåå? Ïå-ñàõ, èëèÏ ð à ç ä í è êÎñâîáîæäå-íèÿ, ïðåä-íàçíà÷åí-íûé äëÿòîãî, ÷òî-áû ñäå-ëàòü ëþ-ä å é

äåéñòâèòåëüíîñâîáîäíûìè, äîë-æåí áûë èçáàâèòü íàñîò îøèáî÷íîãî óáåæäåíèÿ âôàòàëüíîñòè ñîáûòèé è îòñó-òñòâèè ñâîáîäû âîëè.

Èçíà÷àëüíî íàøè ïðåä-êè áûëè "ïðèãëàøåíû" â Åãè-ïåò è, íà ïåðâûõ ïîðàõ,î÷åíü òåïëî òàì ïðèíÿ-òû<#1> . Ïîäîáíàÿ äîáðîæå-ëàòåëüíîñòü, êñòàòè, ÷àñòîáûëà ïðåëþäèåé ê òîìó, ÷òîïðîèñõîäèëî ñ åâðåéñêèì íà-ðîäîì âî ìíîãèõ ñòðàíàõ âòå÷åíèå òûñÿ÷åëåòèé: äðóæáàîáðàùàëàñü íåíàâèñòüþ, àñâîáîäíûå ëþäè âäðóã ñòàíî-âèëèñü ðàáàìè.<#2>

Âîò ìû ñ âàìè ñåé÷àñòàê æèâî îáñóæäàåì Ïåñàõ, àâåäü ñêîëüêî ëåò ïðîøëî ñ òåõïîð? Ïîìíèòå? Èñõîä èçÅãèïòà ñëó÷èëñÿ áîëåå òðåõ

ò û -ñÿ÷ òðåõñîò ëåò òîìó íàçàä,íî äëÿ íàñ âîñïîìèíàíèå îáýòîì òàê æèâî, êàê áóäòî âñåñëó÷èëîñü â÷åðà. Äà, â ïðèí-öèïå, òàê îíî è áûëî. Óâû, íîâ êàæäîì ïîêîëåíèè åñòü èñâîé Èñõîä, è ñâîé Åãèïåò. ÂXX âåêå Åâðîïà áûëà òåððè-òîðèåé "åâðåéñêèõ çàáëóæäå-íèé", à Õîëîêîñò - ñëåäñòâèåìäóõîâíîãî ðàáñòâà è íåíàâèñ-òè ê Á-ãîèçáðàííîìó íàðîäó.Ìåæäó ïðî÷èì, ñàìî ïîíÿòèå"Á-ãîèçáðàííûé" íàøè íåíàâè-ñòíèêè òîëêóþò íåïðàâèëüíî,íî îá ýòîì ñòîèò ïîãîâîðèòüâî âðåìÿ äðóãîãî ïðàçäíèêà -Øàâóîòà. À Åãèïåò, óïðàâëÿå-ìûé ôàðàîíîì, ñòàë ìåñòîìïåðâîãî â ìèðîâîé èñòîðèè

íàó÷íîãî îáîñíîâàííî-ãî ãåíîöèäà åâðåéñêîãîíàðîäà.

È âîò òîãäà ïîÿâ-ëÿåòñÿ Ìîøå-ðàáåéíó.Íå ïðîñòî âûäàþùèéñÿåâðåé, à âûäàþùèéñÿåâðåé ñî çíàêîì êà÷å-ñòâà! È èìåííî åìóáûëî ïîðó÷åíî âåäåíèåïåðåãîâîðîâ ñ ôàðàî-íîì îò ëèöà Âñåâûøíå-ãî. À ïîñêîëüêó ñëîâà"Îòïóñòè íàðîä ìîé" íåâñòðåòèëè ïîíèìàíèÿñî ñòîðîíû ïðàâèòåëü-ñòâà, Òîò, êòî õðàíèò èñïàñàåò Ñâîé íàðîä,îòâåòèë íà îòêàç ôàðà-îíà ÷åðåäîé ñòðàøíûõ

íåñ÷àñòèé-êàçíåé, îá-ðóøèâøèõñÿ íà åãè-

ïåòñêóþ çåìëþ.Ï î ñ ë å ä í ÿ ÿêàçíü áûëàñàìîé óæàñ-íîé: âñåïåðâåíöûâ åãèïå-ò ñ ê è õñåìüÿõ,÷ å ë î -âå÷åñ-êèõ èæ è -â î ò -íûõ ,

óìåðëè â íî÷üíà 15-îå Íèñàíà.

Åâðåè æå ïîìàçàëèäâåðè ñâîèõ äîìîâ êðîâüþñâÿùåííîãî äëÿ åãèïòÿí áàðà-íà, ÷òîáû àíãåë Âñåâûøíåãîìîã ìèíîâàòü (ïðîéòè ìèìî)äîìîâ ñâîèõ ëþäåé.

È òîãäà åãèïòÿíå íåïðîñòî ïîçâîëèëè åâðåÿì óé-òè, à óìîëèëè èõ ñäåëàòü ýòî.Îíè èõ ïðàêòè÷åñêè âûãíàëè,ïðè÷åì òàê ïîñïåøíî, ÷òî åâ-ðåè äàæå íå óñïåëè äîæäàòü-ñÿ, ïîêà òåñòî çàêâàñèòñÿ.Ñïåøêó, ñ êîòîðîé åâðåéñêèéíàðîä îñâîáîæäàëñÿ îòðàáñòâà, ñèìâîëèçèðóþò ïëîñ-êèå ëåïåøêè ìàöû. Òåïåðü æåýòî ñòàëî òðàäèöèåé - åñòü âÏåñàõ ìàöó.

Õîðîøî, âîò âû ãîâîðèòåÏåñàõ, Ïåñàõ. À íå òà ëè ýòî"Åâðåéñêàÿ Ïàñõà", âî âðåìÿ


Ï Å Ñ À ÕÄË

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#17 march 31, 2004 15

êîòîðîé êóøàþò ìàöó? È êàêæå åãî ïðàâèëüíî íàçûâàòü?Ïåñàõ èëè Ïàñõà?

ß ÇÍÀÞ ÏßÒÜ ÈÌÅÍ

ÌÀËÜ÷ÈÊÎÂ…

Ïàñõà - ýòî èñêàæåííîåñëîâî "Ïåñàõ", òàê ÷òî â ïðèí-öèïå ìîæíî ãîâîðèòü è Ïàñõà,íî òîãäà ïðîïàäàåò âåñü ñìûñëñëîâà. Ãîâîðèòü, ÷òî ñëîâî"Ïàñõà" íàïîìèíàåò íàì î òîì,êàê àíãåë ñìåðòè ìèíîâàë íà-øè äîìà â Åãèïòå, - ñìåøíî,òàê êàê îá ýòîì íàïîìèíàåòñëîâî "Ïåñàõ". À âîîáùå, óýòîãî ïðàçäíèêà íå îäíî, à öå-ëûõ ïÿòü ðàçëè÷íûõ íàçâàíèé.Çà÷åì ñòîëüêî? Äà âåäü â íåìñòîëüêî âàæíûõ ìîìåíòîâ èèäåé, ÷òî îäíèì ñëîâîì "Ïå-ñàõ" çäåñü íå îáîéòèñü!

1."Ïðîõîæäåíèå ìèìî" -ñàìî íàçâàíèå ãîâîðèò íàìî òîì, ÷òî Âñåâûøíèé îáî-øåë äîìà íåâèííûõ, è òîëü-êî æèëèùà ïðåñòóïíèêîâ èçëîäååâ ïîíåñëè â òó íî÷üóðîí. Ýòî ó÷èò íàñ òîìó, ÷òîìåñÿö íèñàí - çàïëàíèðîâàí-íîå âðåìÿ ðàçäóìèé íàäæèçíüþ, âðåìÿ ðàçäåëåíèÿÄîáðà è Çëà, êîãäà Âñåâûø-íèé íàêàçûâàåò ãðåøíèêîâ èñïàñàåò ïðàâåäíèêîâ.

2."Ïåñàõ" - ýòî íàçâàíèå

èìååò îòíîøåíèå ê ïàñõàëü-íîé æåðòâå. Áàðàí áûë îäíèìèç ñâÿòûõ æèâîòíûõ â Åãèïòå.×òîáû ñïàñòèñü, åâðåÿì íåîá-õîäèìî áûëî "óáèòü" ñòèëüæèçíè åãèïòÿí è îñêâåðíèòüâåðîâàíèÿ òåõ, ñðåäè êîãîîíè æèëè. Âîçìîæíî, íà äðó-ãîì, áîëåå ãëóáîêîì óðîâíå,èì íåîáõîäèìî áûëî "óáèòüáàðàíà" ñâîåé ñëàáîñòè, ÷òî-áû íå èäòè êàê "îâöà íà çàê-ëàíüå" íà ïîâîäó ó îáùåñòâà,êîòîðîå èõ îêðóæàëî.

3."Çìàí Õåðóòåéíó" -âðåìÿ íàøåãî îñâîáîæäåíèÿ -ýòî òðåòüå íàçâàíèå ïðàçäíè-êà, ãëàâíîé òåìîé êîòîðîãîÿâëÿåòñÿ ñâîáîäà. Òîëüêî âîâòîðîé ïîëîâèíå XIX âåêà äâåâåëèêèå äåðæàâû: ÑØÀ èÐîñññèÿ îòìåíèëè ðàáñòâî. Àåâðåÿì, çà òûñÿ÷ó ëåò äî ýòî-ãî, áûëî ñêàçàíî, ÷òî Á-ã íåïîòåðïèò ïîðàáîùåíèÿ ñâîåãîíàðîäà: "ß, Ãîñïîäü, Á-ã Òâîé,êîòîðûé âûâåë òåáÿ èç ñòðà-íû åãèïåòñêîé, ãäå ïðåáûâàëòû â ðàáñòâå" (Ïåðâàÿ èç 10çàïîâåäåé).

ÇÍÀÅÒÅ ËÈ ÂÛ, ÷ÒÎ…

Ìèñòèêè ïîëàãàþò, ÷òîíåêîòîðûå äíè, âåðíåå, íåêî-òîðûå ÷èñëà, âñåãäà áóäóòêàê áû ïðèòÿãèâàòü îñîáûå,ñ÷àñòëèâûå èëè òðàãè÷åñêèå

ñîáûòèÿ. Ïðî äåâÿòîå àâàâû çíàåòå. À ïÿòíàäöàòîåÍèñàíà, êîãäà åâðåè áûëèïåðâûé ðàç îñâîáîæäåíû èçåãèïåòñêîãî ðàáñòâà, òåïåðüâñåãäà áóäåò îçíàìåíîâàíîèçáàâëåíèåì, ÷óäåñíûì ñïà-ñåíèåì, èíà÷å ãîâîðÿ, ñ÷àñò-ëèâûì ñîáûòèåì. Âî âðåìÿÂîéíû Èçðàèëÿ çà Íåçàâèñè-ìîñòü â 1948 ãîäó ïîëàãàëè,÷òî îêîí÷àòåëüíàÿ ïîáåäàáóäåò îáåñïå÷åíà òåì, êîìóóäàñòñÿ çàõâàòèòü ïîðò Õàé-ôà. Åâðåéñêàÿ àðìèÿ, Õàãà-íà çàõâàòèëà Õàéôó â Ïàñ-õàëüíóþ íî÷ü, ïÿòíàäöàòîãîÍèñàíà 5708 (1948) ãîäà. Âñåîñòàëüíîå, êàê ãîâîðèòñÿ, -èñòîðèÿ, è ãîñóäàðñòâî Èçðà-èëü áûëî ïðîâîçãëàøåíîâñêîðå ïîñëå ýòîãî!

4."Õàã hà-Ìàöîò" - ïðàçä-íèê ïðåñíûõ õëåáîâ - ýòî íàç-âàíèå íàïîìèíàåò íàì î òîì,÷òî âûõîä èç ðàáñòâà ìîæåòïðîèçîéòè â ëþáîé ìîìåíò:íåîæèäàííî è ÷ðåçâû÷àéíîïîñïåøíî. Â òó ïàìÿòíóþ äëÿåâðåéñêîãî íàðîäà íî÷ü ó ëþ-äåé íå áûëî âðåìåíè äàæåäëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû òåñòî çàáðî-äèëî. Òåì íå ìåíåå, åâðåèâñåãäà äîëæíû îïòèìèñòè÷íîñìîòðåòü íà æèçíü íåçàâèñè-ìî îò òðóäíîñòåé è ëèøåíèé,

êîòîðûå ïðèõîäèòñÿ ïåðåæè-âàòü, ïîñêîëüêó ïåðåìåíà êëó÷øåìó ìîæåò ñëó÷èòüñÿ âëþáîé ìîìåíò. Ýòî õîðîøèéóðîê âñåì, êòî íåñ÷àñòåí èíå âèäèò âûõîäà èç ñâîåé"áåçíàäåæíî-íåïîïðàâèìîé"ñèòóàöèè. Êîãäà-òî, ïàðó-äðó-ãóþ òûñÿ÷åëåòèé íàçàä, íå÷òîïîäîáíîå óæå ïðîèçîøëî ñåâðåÿìè, êîòîðûå âûíóæäåíûáûëè åñòü ìàöó, ïîñêîëüêóñâîáîäà "ïîäêðàëàñü" ñëèø-êîì íåîæèäàííî.

5. "Õàã hà-Àâèâ" - ïðàçä-íèê âåñíû - íå òîëüêî îïðå-äåëÿåò âðåìÿ ãîäà, íà êîòî-ðîå ïðèõîäèòñÿ Ïåñàõ, íî èäàåò äîïîëíèòåëüíîå îáúÿñ-íåíèå òîìó, ïî÷åìó èçáàâëå-íèå ïðèøëîñü èìåííî íà ýòîòñåçîí. Âåñíà - ýòî ïðîáóæäå-íèå, âîçðîæäåíèå íå òîëüêîïðèðîäû, íî è Çåìëè â öå-ëîì. Á-ã íå çàáûâàåò î ìèðåâî âðåìÿ õîëîäíîé çèìû: îñ-òàâëåííûå â çåìëå ñåìåíà -ýòî çàðîäûøè áóäóùåãî ðîñòàè âîçðîæäåíèÿ. Âåñíà â ïðè-ðîäå ñîâïàäàåò ñ "âåñåííèì"íàñòðîåíèåì Âñåâûøíåãî èåãî çàáîòîé î ëþäÿõ è ìèðå.Îñíîâíàÿ èäåÿ ïðàçäíèêà(êàê è âåñíû êàê òàêîâîé) -ýòî âîçðîæäåíèå. Åâðåÿì,êàê ãîâîðèòñÿ, ñàì Ãîñïîäüâåëåë âåðèòü â ñêîðåéøåå

îñâîáîæäåíèå è â òî âðåìÿ,êîãäà îíè ïðàçäíóþò Ïåñàõ,Ìàøèàõ (âåñòíèê îêîí÷àòåëü-íîãî èçáàâëåíèÿ) ïî âñåé âå-ðîÿòíîñòè óæå ãäå-òî î÷åíüáëèçêî. Ïî îäíîé èç âåðñèé,â ýòîò Ïðàçäíèê Ñâîáîäû Õàãhà-Àâèâ, åãî ñëåäóåò æäàòüåùå íàñòîé÷èâåé è ñèëüíåé,÷åì âñåãäà.

Åñòåñòâåííî, ÷òî ïðàçä-íèêó ñ òàêèì êîëè÷åñòâîìíàçâàíèé è ñìûñëîì íóæíàñïåöèàëüíàÿ öåðåìîíèÿ. Öå-ðåìîíèÿ âñå-òàêè äîëæíàáûòü îäíà, íî òàêàÿ, ÷òîáûîõâàòûâàëà âñå óãîëêè è âñåñìûñëû ïðàçäíèêà. È òàêàÿöåðåìîíèÿ åñòü. Ãëàâíóþðîëü â íåé èãðàþò òå, êòî îò-âåòñòâåí çà ïðîäîëæåíèå èïåðåäà÷ó òðàäèöèè - äåòè. Óíåå åñòü îñîáûé ÷åòêèé ïîðÿ-äîê, ïîýòîìó îíà íàçûâàåòñÿñåäåð (ò.å. "ïîðÿäîê"), è ó ýòî-ãî ñåäåðà äàæå åñòü îñîáûéìîëèòâåííèê. Íàçûâàåòñÿ îíÏàñõàëüíàÿ Àãàäà, è ýòî ñà-ìûé îäèí èç ñàìûõ áåñòñåë-ëåðíûõ áåñòñåëëåðîâ åâðåéñ-êîé èñòîðèè.

×òî ÿ ñëûøó? Åâðåè - èïîðÿäîê? ×åòêî ðåãëàìåíòè-ðîâàííàÿ öåðåìîíèÿ? Âûõîòèòå ñêàçàòü, ÷òî êîãäàâñå åâðåè ïðèõîäèëè âÕðàì, òàì óäàâàëîñü ïîääåð-æèâàòü ïîðÿäîê?

Â ËÞÁÎÌ ÂÎÏÐÎÑÅ ÄÂÀ ÅÂÐÅß

ÈÌÅÞÒ ÒÐÈ ÐÀÇËÈ÷ÍÛÕ ÌÍÅÍÈß

È. Ì. Ãóáåðìàí

Åâðååâ äåéñòâèòåëüíîòðóäíî óïðåêíóòü â ëþáâè êåäèíîìûñëèþ, äèñöèïëèíèðî-âàííîñòè è ñîáëþäåíèþ ðåãëà-ìåíòà, íî ïîðÿäîê òàêè-äà îäèíäëÿ âñåõ. È, âíèìàíèå! îí äà-æå ñîáëþäàåòñÿ. Êîíå÷íî, âîâðåìåíà ñóùåñòâîâàíèÿ Õðàìàâñå áûëî íåìíîãî ïî äðóãîìóè öåëü íûíåøíåãî ñåäåðà - ïå-ðåäàòü ïî öåïî÷êå ïîêîëåíèéçíàíèå î òîì, ÷òî ìû äîëæíûáûëè äåëàòü âî âðåìåíà ñóùå-ñòâîâàíèÿ Õðàìà è ÷òî áóäåìäåëàòü, êîãäà Õðàì âîññòàíî-âÿò. À ïîêà ÷òî ñåäåð - ýòîïðîñòî óðîê. Ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåììåòîäè÷åñêîãî ìàòåðèàëà èíàãëÿäíûõ ïîñîáèé.

Åñòåñòâåííî, ÷òî ïîäãî-òîâêà ê òàêîìó óðîêó ïîòðå-áóåò áîëüøèõ ïðèãîòîâëåíèé.Âîò ñïèñîê íåîáõîäèìûõ âå-ùåé:

Âèíî (â áîëüøèõ êîëè÷å-ñòâàõ) - âàì ïðèäåòñÿ âûïèòü÷åòûðå ñòàêàíà ýòîãî íàïèò-êà. Ñâÿçàíî âñå ñ òåì, ÷òî,âî-ïåðâûõ, áûëî ÷åòûðå ñòà-äèè îñâîáîæäåíèÿ, à âî-âòî-ðûõ, âèíî ïðèíîñèò ÷óâñòâîðàäîñòè è ñ÷àñòüÿ, à ýòî -ñ÷àñòëèâûé ïðàçäíèê. Âïðèíöèïå, âèíî ìîæíî çàìå-íèòü âèíîãðàäíûì ñîêîì (äå-òÿì è íåêîòîðûì âçðîñëûì),íî íè â êîåì ñëó÷àå íå âîä-êîé èëè âèñêè.

Ìàöà (ïî ìåíüøåé ìåðå,òðè ëèñòà êàæäîìó) - íàïîìè-íàíèå î íàøèõ ïðàîòöàõ Àâ-ðààìå, Èöõàêå è ßàêîâå, àòàêæå î íàøåì ñòðåìèòåëü-íîì áåãñòâå ê ñâîáîäå.

Êàðïàñ - êàðòîôåëü èëèêàêîé-íèáóäü çåëåíûé îâîùòèïà ëóêîâûõ ïåðüåâ, ñèìâî-ëèçèðóþùèé âîçðîæäåíèå èâåñíó.

Õàðîñåò - ñìåñü ÿáëîê,

ãðóø, îðåõîâ è âèíà, ñèìâî-ëèçèðóþùàÿ ðàñòâîð, ïîõîæèé(çðèòåëüíî) íà ãëèíó, êîòîðûéåâðåè äåëàëè äëÿ êèðïè÷åé âÅãèïòå.

Ìàðîð - ãîðüêèå òðàâûèëè õðåí - ñèìâîë ãîðå÷è èëèøåíèé ðàáñòâà.

Áåéöà - âàðåíîå ÿéöî -ñèìâîë ïðàçäíè÷íûõ æåðòâîï-ðèíîøåíèé, ïðèíîñèìûõ âîâðåìåíà Õðàìà.

Çðîà - êîï÷åíàÿ êîñòî÷-êà (îáû÷íî êóðèíàÿ) - ñèìâîëïàñõàëüíîé æåðòâû.

Ñîëåíàÿ âîäà - ñèìâîëñëåç åâðååâ, ìîëÿùèõñÿ î Á-æåñòâåííîé ïîìîùè, è ìîëèò-âû êîòîðûõ áûëè óñëûøàíû.

Ñïåöèàëüíûé ñòàêàí äëÿïðîðîêà Ýëèÿãó, ïîñêîëüêó èç-âåñòíî, ÷òî îí äîëæåí ïîÿ-âèòüñÿ èìåííî â ýòîò, íûíåø-íèé Ïåñàõ, ÷òîáû óæå â äàí-íûé ìîìåíò ïðèíåñòè îêîí÷à-òåëüíîå èçáàâëåíèå è îáúÿ-âèòü ïðèõîä Ìàøèàõà.

Àãàäà - ÷òîáû âñå ïðèñó-òñòâóþùèå íà ñåäåðå, îñîáåí-íî äåòè, ìîãëè ÷èòàòü ïî î÷å-ðåäè, îòâå÷àÿ íà òðàäèöèîí-íûå âîïðîñû, äàâàÿ ñâîèêîììåíòàðèè ïðî÷èòàííîìó, èïðîâåñòè íî÷ü òàê, êàê ýòîãîòðåáóåò òðàäèöèÿ: ðàññêàçû-âàÿ îá Èñõîäå, îáñóæäàÿ âñåïðåèìóùåñòâà ñâîáîäû è âû-ðàæàÿ áëàãîäàðíîñòü Á-ãó çà

âñå ÷óäåñà è áëàãîñëîâåíèÿ.Êñòàòè, åå òåêñò ìîæíî íàéòèíà ñàéòå www.matza.ru .

Ñåìüÿ - Âñå, êîãî óäàñò-ñÿ ñîáðàòü. Â êîíöå êîíöîâ,âåäü ìû îòìå÷àåì ðîæäåíèååâðåéñêîãî íàðîäà. À ÷òî æååùå ìîæåò áûòü "êðåïêèì åâ-ðåéñêèì" ñîþçîì, êàê íå êàæ-äàÿ îòäåëüíî âçÿòàÿ ñåìüÿ?


Áåð-Øìóåëü ÊÀÏÓËÊÈÍ


ÂXX âåêå áûëî íåñêîëüêî ëþäåé,íîñèâøèõ âûñøåå âîèíñêîå çâà-íèå "ãåíåðàëèññèìóñ". Ñòàëèí,

×àí Êàéøè, Ôðàíêî è åù¸ íåñêîëüêîìåëêèõ - â òåõ ñòðàíàõ, ãäå ãåíåðàëîââ àðìèè áîëüøå, ÷åì ðÿäîâûõ. Êàêïðàâèëî, çâàíèå ýòî ñâÿçàíî ñ äèêòà-òîðàìè, ïîòîìó ÷òî íîðìàëüíîìó ÷åëî-âåêó â ãîëîâó íå ïðèäåò óêðàøàòü ñå-áÿ ñóïåð ïîãîíàìè, åñëè ó íåãî âëàñ-òè è òàê ïðåäîñòàòî÷íî. Î Ñòàëèíåóìîë÷èì. ×àí Êàéøè, êàê âûÿñíèëîñü,ïåðñîíà íåîäíîçíà÷íàÿ, è äàæå êè-òàéñêèå êîììóíèñòû ïåðåñòàëè ìàçàòüåãî òîëüêî ÷åðíîé êðàñêîé, ïðèçíàâàÿåãî ïàòðèîòèçì è àíòèÿïîíñêèå íàñòðî-åíèÿ.À Ôðàíêî.

Ñ òåõ ïîð, êàê â Èñïàíèè â 1975ãîäó óñòàíîâèëàñü ìîíàðõè÷åñêàÿ äå-ìîêðàòèÿ, êàæäîìó âîëüíî õâàëèòüÔðàíêî èëè ðóãàòü åãî. Ïîíÿòíî, ÷òîïðè æèçíè ãåíåðàëèññèìóñà åãî òîëüêîõâàëèëè. Ïðàâäà, ìîíàðõà-ëèáåðàëàïîäãîòîâèë ê âëàñòè êàê ðàç ñàì Ôðàí-êî.

Ó íàñ æå ïðè óïîìèíàíèè èìåíèÔðàíêî ïàìÿòü àâòîìàòè÷åñêè äîáàâ-ëÿåò "ôàøèñòñêèé äèêòàòîð", "êðîâàâûéïàëà÷" è âñïëûâàþò êàðèêàòóðû Áîðè-ñà Åôèìîâà è Êóêðûíèêñîâ: íîñàòûéêîðîòûøêà ñ êóð÷àâûìè âîëîñàìè âîê-ðóã ëûñèíû è ñ òîïîðîì â ðóêàõ. Ïà-ëà÷ - îí ïàëà÷ è åñòü.

Äëÿ ÷àñòè èñïàíöåâ îí òàêèì èîñòàëñÿ. Äëÿ äðóãîé ÷àñòè - îí ñïàñè-òåëü íàöèè îò êîììóíèñòîâ è àíàðõèñ-òîâ. Ïîæèëûå ëþäè, ëþáèòåëè ïîðÿäêà,âñïîìèíàþò, ÷òî ïðè íåì íå áûëî íèíàðêîìàíîâ, íè ãîìîñåêñóàëèñòîâ, íèæåíùèí â áðþêàõ. Ïîðÿäîê áûë.

Îäíàêî íå íàøå äåëî ðàçáèðàòü-ñÿ â ñòàðèííîì äðåâíåì ñïîðå èñïàí-öåâ ìåæäó ñîáîþ. Íàñ èíòåðåñóåò ñîâ-ñåì äðóãàÿ ñòîðîíà äåÿòåëüíîñòè êàó-äèëüî (ïî-èñïàíñêè "âîæäü"). Îíà êàñà-åòñÿ íàñ, åâðååâ, íàïðÿìóþ.

Íå òàê óæ ìíîãî ëþäåé çíàþò, àâ Ðîññèè è ïîäàâíî, î ðîëè Ôðàíêî âñïàñåíèè åâðååâ â îêêóïèðîâàííîéíåìöàìè Åâðîïå. À ðîëü ýòà íå ìàëà.

Ôðàíñèñêî Ôðàíêî Áààìîíäå-è-

Ãðàóïåðà -- ïîëíîå èìÿ èñïàíñêîãîâîæäÿ. Èñïàíñêèé íàöèîíàëèñò è âåðó-þùèé êàòîëèê. Ïðàâäà, èìÿ "Ôðàíêî" -î÷åíü ðàñïðîñòðàíåíî ñðåäè èñïàíñêèõè ïîðòóãàëüñêèõ åâð ååâ-ñåôàðäîâ.(Òàê æå, êàê Êàñòðî, ä'Àêîñòà, äà-Ñèëü-

âà, Êàðâàëüî èò.ï.) Íåêîòîðûåèññëåäîâàòåëèäàæå ñêëîííûñ÷èòàòü âñåõåãî îäíîôà-ìèëüöåâ ëþäü-ìè ñåôàðäñêîãîïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ.Âî ìíîãèõ ñëó-÷àÿõ, ïðàâäà,áûëî ýòî òàêäàâíî, ÷òî çàäàâíîñòüþ ëåòâðîäå áû óæå èíåïðàâäà.

Âñïîìíèì,îäíàêî, ÷òî çà-êîí î âåðîòåð-ïèìîñòè âîñòîð-æåñòâîâàë â Èñ-ïàíèè òîëüêî â1968 ãîäó, êîãäàïîëíîñòüþ áûë îòìåíåí "Ýäèêò îá èçã-íàíèè åâðååâ" îò 1492 ãîäà. È ïîéìåì,÷òî äàæå â íå ñðåäíåâåêîâîé Èñïàíèèíå ñòîèëî âñïîìèíàòü î åâðåéñêèõïðåäêàõ (à òàê æå î ìóñóëüìàíñêèõ, àòàê æå ïåðåõîäèòü èç êàòîëè÷åñòâà âïðîòåñòàíòèçì è ò.ä.). Âîò óæå ïðè ëè-áåðàëüíîé ìîíàðõèè âûÿñíèëîñü, òàêàÿìèëàÿ èñòîðè÷åñêàÿ äåòàëü, êàê åâ-ðåéñêîå ïðîèñõîæäåíèå çíàòíåéøèõèñïàíñêèõ ñåìåéñòâ: ãåðöîãîâ Àëüáà,íàïðèìåð.

Êðîìå òîãî, ìíîãèå "íîâûå õðèñ-òèàíå" çà ìíîãî âåêîâ ñòàëè õðèñòèà-íàìè îáûêíîâåííûìè è Õóàíàìè-íå-Ïîìíÿùèìè-Ðîäñòâà. (À â Ðîññèè -ìíîãèå ëè èç íîñèòåëåé ôàìèëèè Íî-âîêø¸íîâ ïîìíÿò, ÷òî îíà ïðîèñõîäèò

îò ñëîâà "íîâîêðå-ùåíûé"? Ïðàâäà, âäàííîì ñëó÷àå, âîñíîâíîì, èìåþòñÿâ âèäó èíîðîäöû-ÿçû÷íèêè.)

Íî ìû íåðàçáèðàåì ðîäîñ-ëîâíóþ ãåíåðàëèñ-ñèìóñà; íàñ èíòå-ðåñóþò åãî äåëà. Êâëàñòè îí ïðèøåëïðè ïîìîùè Ãèòëå-ðà è Ìóññîëèíè,òðóäíî îòðèöàòü.Íî çàòåì, ïîñëåíà÷àëà âîéíû îòêà-çàëñÿ ïîðâàòü äèï-ëîìàòè÷åñêèå îò-íîøåíèÿ ñ Àíãëèåéè ÑØÀ. È ñäåëàòüñ íèì áûëî íè÷åãîíåâîçìîæíî.

Ãèòëåð ïîòðåáîâàë õîòÿ áû ñèì-âîëè÷åñêîãî ó÷àñòèÿ â âîéíå ïðîòèâÑÑÑÐ: Ôðàíêî îòïðàâèë íà Âîñòî÷íûéôðîíò "Ãîëóáóþ äèâèçèþ". Îíà áûëà"ãîëóáîé" âî ìíîãîì è â ñîâðåìåííîìñìûñëå ñëîâà: äëÿ åå ñîçäàíèÿ ïðèø-ëîñü î÷èñòèòü ïåðåïîëíåííûå òþðüìû,ãäå ïîìèìî óãîëîâíèêîâ è ïîëèòè÷åñ-êèõ ñèäåëè è ãîìîñåêñóàëèñòû. Â ðå-çóëüòàòå èñïàíñêèå òþðüìû ñòàëî ñî-äåðæàòü ëåã÷å.

À â 1940-ì ãîäó, êîãäà íåìöû çà-

íÿëè Ôðàíöèþ, Áåëüãèþ è Ãîëëàíäèþâî âñå èñïàíñêèå ïîñîëüñòâà ïîëåòåëîðàñïîðÿæåíèå îá àâòîìàòè÷åñêîì ïðå-äîñòàâëåíèè èñïàíñêîãî ãðàæäàíñòâàâñåì ïîòîìêàì èñïàíñêèõ åâðååâ. Âïîñëåäñòâèå ýòî ðàñïðîñòðàíèëîñü íàòàêèå ñòðàíû, êàê Ãðåöèÿ, Þãîñëàâèÿ èîñòàëüíûå ñòðàíû, ãäå ïðîæèâàëè îá-ùèíû ñåôàðäîâ. È íåìöàì íåëüçÿ áû-ëî ñïîðèòü ñ òàêèì âàæíûì ñîþçíè-êîì.

Ïîòîì ïðèøëîñü ñãëîòíóòü è ðàñ-ïîðÿæåíèå î ïðåäîñòàâëåíèè èñïàíñ-êèõ ïàñïîðòîâ ÂÑÅÌ åâðåÿì, âêëþ÷àÿ,åñòåñòâåííî, è àøêåíàçèì, ÷üè ïðåäêèíè ñíîì, íè äóõîì ñ Èñïàíèåé ñâÿçà-íû íå áûëè. È âïóñêàòü âëàäåëüöåâ òà-êèõ ïàñïîðòîâ â Èñïàíèþ ñëåäîâàëîáåçî âñÿêèõ óñëîâèé. (Òóò ãðåõ íå îñ-òàíîâèòüñÿ íà õàðàêòåðå èñïàíñêîéïîãðàíè÷íîé æàíäàðìåðèè: õîòü è ñàìêàóäèëüî ïðèêàçàë, à â Ïèðåíåÿõ ñîâñåõ óõèòðèëèñü âçÿòü âçÿòêó. Èíà÷åãîðäîñòü íå ïîçâîëÿëà.)

Òàê áûëè ñïàñåíû òûñÿ÷è åâðååâ.Ñåé÷àñ ìîæíî ñïîðèòü, çà÷åì îí òàêïîñòóïèë? Ãîâîðÿò, ÷òî ýòèì îí äîáè-âàëñÿ áëàãîðàñïîëîæåíèÿ çàïàäíûõ ñî-þçíèêîâ, âñå åùå ïîìíèâøèõ î åãîñîòðóäíè÷åñòâå ñ Ãåðìàíèåé è Èòàëè-åé. Ìîæåò áûòü. Îäíàêî äîáèòüñÿ ìîæ-íî áûëî è èíà÷å.

Âïðî÷åì, äëÿ ñïàñåííûõ ýòî, âñóùíîñòè, âñå ðàâíî. Ôðàíêî ïîñòóïèëÒÀÊ, è ìû äîëæíû ýòî ïîìíèòü. Ïî÷å-ìó? Âñïîìíèë ñâîè ñåôàðäñêèå êîðíè?Ìîæåò áûòü, è âñïîìíèë, åñëè îíèäåéñòâèòåëüíî áûëè. Òîãäà ó íàñ, ó íà-øåé áëàãîäàðíîé ïàìÿòè òîëüêî îäíàïðîáëåìà: êåì åãî ñ÷èòàòü?

Åñëè îí ñîâñåì íå åâðåé, òî åãîî÷åâèäíî, ñëåäóåò îòíåñòè ê "Õàñèäåéóììîò hàîëàì" - "Ïðàâåäíèêàì íàðî-äîâ ìèðà", òåì íååâðåÿì, êîòîðûå ïî-ìîãàëè ñâîèì åâðåéñêèì ñîîòå÷åñòâåí-íèêàì â òÿæåëåéøóþ äëÿ íèõ ïîðó Õî-ëîêîñòà. Åñëè æå îí åâðåé - â êàêîìáû òî íè áûëî ïîêîëåíèè! - òî îíïðîñòî âûïîëíèë ñâîé äîëã...

ÍÅÑÊÎËÜÊÎ CËÎÂ Î

ÔÐÀÍÊÎ

Íå òàê óæ ìíîãî ëþäåé çíàþò, à â Ðîññèè è ïîäàâ-íî, î ðîëè Ôðàíêî â ñïàñåíèè åâðååâ â îêêóïèðî-âàííîé íåìöàìè Åâðîïå. À ðîëü ýòà íå ìàëà

Âðåàëüíîé æèçíè ëþäèäåëÿòñÿ íà äâå "êîìàí-äû" ïî õàðàêòåðó ïèòà-

íèÿ - íà ìÿñîåäîâ è âåãåòà-ðèàíöåâ. Ñ ìÿñîåäàìè âñåÿñíî - ýòî òå, êòî åñò ìÿñî èïðîäóêòû æèâîòíîãî ïðîèñ-õîæäåíèÿ, à âåãåòàðèàíöûóïîòðåáëÿþò â ïèùó ïðîäóê-òû ðàñòèòåëüíîãî ïðîèñõîæ-äåíèÿ. Îò ìÿñà îíè îòêàçû-âàþòñÿ äîáðîâîëüíî è áåçñîæàëåíèÿ, òàê êàê óáåæ-äåíû, ÷òî îâîùè -ëó÷øå.

Ï î ÷ å ì óîâîùè ëó÷øåìÿñà? È ëó÷øåëè? Íåñîìíåí-íî. Èçíà÷àëüíîâñå ëþäè áûëèâåãåòàðèàíöàìè.Îõîòà è ñêîòîâîäñòâîââåëè â ìåíþ æèâîòíûåïðîäóêòû. Â ðåçóëüòàòå îðãà-íèçì ñòàë ìåíüøå ïîëó÷àòüèëè ñîâñåì íå ïîëó÷àòü íåêî-òîðûõ öåííûõ âåùåñòâ, ñîäåð-æàùèõñÿ òîëüêî â ðàñòèòåëü-íîé ïèùå.

Â ðàñòèòåëüíûõ ïðîäóêòàõáîëüøåå êîëè÷åñòâî áàëëàñò-íûõ âåùåñòâ, êîòîðûå ñíèæà-þò ðèñê àòåðîñêëåðîçà, áîëåç-

í å éæåëó-

äî÷íî-êèøå÷ -

íîãî òðàê-òà, à ìÿñî ïî-

âûøàåò âåðîÿòíîñòü èíôàðêòàè ìíîãèõ äðóãèõ ïðîáëåì, ñâÿ-çàííûõ ñ ëèøíèì âåñîì. Ñòî-ðîííèêàìè è ïðîïàãàíäèñòàìèâåãåòàðèàíñòâà áûëè ôèëîñî-ôû, ïèñàòåëè, ó÷åíûå - ÀðòóðØîïåíãàóýð, Æàí-Æàê Ðóññî,Áåðíàðä Øîó, Ëåâ Òîëñòîé,Ãåðáåðò Óýëëñ, Èñààê Íüþòîí,Àëüáåðò Ýéíøòåéí.

Ñàìè âåãåòàðèàíöû ñâîéîòêàç îò ìÿñà îáúÿñíÿþò ÷àùåâñåãî äâóìÿ ïðè÷èíàìè.

"Çåëåíûå" Èõ âûáîð ïðîäèêòîâàí

èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî ýòè÷åñêèìè ñî-îáðàæåíèÿìè. Îíè æàëåþòáåäíûõ æèâîòíûõ è ñ÷èòàþòïðîñòî ÷óäîâèùíûì íàáèâàòüïëîòüþ áåññëîâåñíûõ òâàðåéñâîè æèâîòû. Âñå ìÿñîåäû, íàèõ âçãëÿä, âñå ðàâíî ÷òî ëþ-äîåäû, òàê êàê äëÿ íèõ æèâîò-íûå - áðàòüÿ ìåíüøèå â ñà-ìîì âûñîêîì ñìûñëå.

"Âñå áîëåçíè - îò ìÿñà" Èõ âûáîð - çäîðîâûé îá-

ðàç æèçíè, à âåãåòàðèàíñòâî -åñòåñòâåííîå îçäîðîâëåíèåîðãàíèçìà. Ýòî äåéñòâèòåëüíîòàê. Ñ äàâíèõ ïîð âåãåòàðèà-íñêàÿ äèåòà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñ ëå-÷åáíîé è ïðîôèëàêòè÷åñêîéöåëÿìè. Ðàñòèòåëüíûå ïðîäóê-òû ñêàçî÷íî áîãàòû æèçíåííîíåîáõîäèìûìè âèòàìèíàìè èìèíåðàëüíûìè âåùåñòâàìè,÷åãî íå ñêàæåøü î ìÿñå.

Ôèëîñîôû óòâåðæäàëè,÷òî ìÿñîåäû - àãðåññèâíû èçëû, â òî âðåìÿ êàê "òðàâîÿä-íûå" ñïîêîéíû è äîáðû. Âåãå-òàðèàíñòâî - ïðåêðàñíàÿ âîç-ìîæíîñòü ïîääåðæèâàòü çäî-

ðîâüå è õîðîøóþ ôîðìó. Ïÿòü ñòóïåíåê âåãåòàðèàíñòâà

Íå âñå âåãåòàðèàíöûåäÿò îäíî è òî æå. Äà, èõ îáú-

åäèíÿåò îòêàç îò ìÿñà, ïòèöû,ðûáû, à â îñòàëüíîì ìåíþ îò-ëè÷àþòñÿ. ×òîáû ëó÷øå ïî-íÿòü, ÷òî æå îíè åäÿò, âåãåòà-ðèàíöåâ ðàçäåëÿþò íà "ïîäã-ðóïïû" (ïî ìåðå óñèëåíèÿ"ñòðîãîñòè"):

Îâîëàêòîâåãåòàðèàíöû -âåëèêîäóøíî ïîçâîëÿþò ñåáåè ìîëî÷íûå ïðîäóêòû, è ÿéöà;

Ëàêòîâåãåòàðèàíöû -êðîìå ðàñòèòåëüíîé ïèùè,ðàçðåøàþò ñåáå è ìîëî÷íûåïðîäóêòû;

Îâîâåãåòàðèàíöû - íåèñêëþ÷àþò èç ñâîåãî ðàöè-îíà ÿéöà;

Âåãàíû - ñòðîãèå âåãåòà-ðèàíöû. Åäÿò òîëüêî ðàñòè-

òåëüíóþ ïèùó, èñêëþ÷àÿ âñå,÷òî õîòü êàêèì-òî îáðàçîìñâÿçàíî ñ æèâîòíûìè (äàæåìåä íå óïîòðåáëÿþò);

Ôðóòàðèàíû - íó î÷åíüñòðîãèå âåãàíû. Åäÿò îâîùè èôðóêòû òîëüêî â ñûðîì âèäå.

Îáû÷íî ôðóòàðèàíàìè èâåãàíàìè ñòàíîâÿòñÿ íå ñðà-çó. Ïðîñòî, íà÷àâ ñ ïåðâîéñòóïåíüêè, èäóò äàëüøå - âñåâûøå è âûøå.

Ïî ìàòåðèàëàì ñàéòà "ßáëîêî"

Ì ß Ñ Î :

ÅÑÒÜ ÈËÈ ÍÅ ÅÑÒÜ?

Ëåâ ÌÈÍÖ

#17 march 31, 2004 17

Ïðåäïîëàãàþò, ÷òî â îê-òÿáðå 1943 ãîäà ÂÌÑÑØÀ ïðîâîäèëè ýêñïå-

ðèìåíò, â õîäå êîòîðîãî èçôèëàäåëüôèéñêîãî äîêà èñ÷åçâîåííûé êîðàáëü, à ÷åðåçíåñêîëüêî ìãíîâåíèé ïîÿâèë-ñÿ çà ñîòíè ìèëü â äîêå Íîð-ôîëê-Íüþïîðò.Ðèñóíîê ÔðåäàÔðèèìàíà (1954 ã.)

Âñå, ÷òî ïðåäñêàçûâàëåùå ñòî ëåò íàçàä ÀëüáåðòÝéíøòåéí, à ïîòîì ìíîãàæäûîáûãðûâàëè ôàíòàñòû, âïîëíåâîçìîæíî. "Èññëåäóÿ àíî-ìàëüíûå ÿâëåíèÿ, âàæíî ñîõ-ðàíÿòü êðèòè÷åñêîå îòíîøå-íèå ê ïîäîáíîãî ðîäà èíôîð-ìàöèè è òùàòåëüíî åå ïðîâå-ðÿòü, - ñ÷èòàåò äîêòîð òåõíè-÷åñêèõ íàóê, ñòàðøèé íàó÷-íûé ñîòðóäíèê Èíñòèòóòàïðîáëåì ýêîëîãèè è ýâîëþ-öèè ÐÀÌÍ, ïðîôåññîð ÌÃÓÐóäîëüô Íåñìåëîâ.

Ïðåäïîëàãàþò, ÷òî â îê-òÿáðå 1943 ãîäà ÂÌÑ ÑØÀïðîâîäèëè ýêñïåðèìåíò, â õî-äå êîòîðîãî èç ôèëàäåëüôèéñ-êîãî äîêà èñ÷åç âîåííûé êî-ðàáëü, à ÷åðåç íåñêîëüêîìãíîâåíèé ïîÿâèëñÿ çà ñîòíèìèëü â äîêå Íîðôîëê-Íüþ-ïîðò.Ðèñóíîê Ôðåäà Ôðèèìà-íà (1954 ã.)

Â Êåíèè, íà îçåðå Ðó-äîëüôà, åñòü îñòðîâ Ýíâàè-òåíåò, ÷òî íà ÿçûêå ìåñòíî-ãî ïëåìåíè ýëüìîëî îçíà÷à-åò "áåçâîçâðàòíûé". Âñåãîíåñêîëüêî êèëîìåòðîâ âäëèíó è ñòîëüêî æå â øèðè-íó. Ìåñòíûå æèòåëè íå ñå-ëÿòñÿ íà íåì, ñ÷èòàÿ "ïðîê-ëÿòûì ìåñòîì".

Â 1935 ãîäó â Êåíèè ðà-áîòàëà ýêñïåäèöèÿ àíãëèéñ-êîãî èññëåäîâàòåëÿ ÂèâèàíàÔóøà. Äâà åãî êîëëåãè -Ìàðòèí Øåôëèñ è Áèë Äàé-ñîí îòïðàâèëèñü íà òàèí-ñòâåííûé îñòðîâ. Ïðîøëî 15äíåé, à ó÷åíûå íå âîçâðàùà-ëèñü. Îáåñïîêîåííûé Ôóøïîñëàë òóäà ñïàñàòåëåé. Îíèíå íàøëè íèêàêèõ ñëåäîâñâîèõ òîâàðèùåé - ëèøü áðî-øåííóþ äåðåâíþ àáîðèãåíîâ.Îñòðîâ âûãëÿäåë àáñîëþòíîïóñòûì. Áûë âûçâàí ñàìîëåò,êîòîðûé îáëåòàë îñòðîâ äâîåñóòîê. Îäíàêî íèêîãî íàéòèòàê è íå óäàëîñü

Ìåñòíûå æèòåëè ïîâåäà-ëè Ôóøó ïðåäàíèå î òîì, ÷òîêîãäà-òî íà îñòðîâå ñåëèëèñüëþäè, ëîâèëè ðûáó, îõîòèëèñü,âåëè òîðãîâëþ ñâîèìè òîâàðà-ìè ñ ðîäñòâåííèêàìè, æèâó-ùèìè íà ìàòåðèêå. Îäíàêî ñîâðåìåíåì îíè ïåðåñòàëè ïî-êàçûâàòüñÿ íà áåðåãó. Òîãäàèç ïðèáðåæíîãî ïîñåëêà Ëî-èíãëàíè â "ðàçâåäêó" ïîñëàëèïëîò. Ïðèáûâøèå íà îñòðîâîòîðîïåëè: èõ îæèäàëà ñîâåð-øåííî ïóñòàÿ äåðåâíÿ ñ õè-æèíàìè, âíóòðè êîòîðûõ ëå-æàëè âåùè, ó ïîòóõøåãî êîñò-ðà ðàçëàãàëàñü ðûáà… Êóäàæå ïîäåâàëèñü ëþäè? Ïîñëàí-öû ñêîðåå âñåãî ïîêèíóëèîñòðîâ, íå æåëàÿ áîëüøå èñ-ïûòûâàòü ñóäüáó. Ñ òåõ ïîðòóäà íå ðèñêîâàë îòïðàâèòüñÿíèêòî, êðîìå ïòèö.

Òàèíñòâåííûå èñ÷åçíî-âåíèÿ ëþäåé, åñëè âåðèòü òà-êèì ðàññêàçàì, ïîðîé ïðîèñ-õîäÿò íà ãëàçàõ ñâèäåòåëåé.23 àâãóñòà 1915 ãîäà íåïîäà-ëåêó îò Êîíñòàíòèíîïîëÿ ãîòî-âÿùèåñÿ ê áîþ âîèíñêèå ÷àñ-òè ÿêîáû âèäåëè ïîÿâëåíèå, à

çàòåì èñ÷åçíîâåíèå â ñòðàí-íûõ ãóñòûõ "îáëàêàõ" öåëîãîïîëêà ïðîòèâíèêà. Àíàëîãè÷-íûé ñëó÷àé ïðîèçîøåë â îê-òÿáðå 1943 ãîäà. Ïî äàííûìèçâåñòíîãî àìåðèêàíñêîãî èñ-ñëåäîâàòåëÿ àíîìàëüíûõ ÿâ-ëåíèé ×àðëüçà Áåðëèöà, ÂÌÑÑØÀ ïðîâîäèëè ýêñïåðèìåíò,â õîäå êîòîðîãî èç ôèëàäåëü-ôèéñêîãî äîêà èñ÷åç âîåííûéêîðàáëü, à ÷åðåç íåñêîëüêîìãíîâåíèé ïîÿâèëñÿ â äîêåÍîðôîëê-Íüþïîðò â ðàéîíåÏîðòñìóòà. Ýòî ðàññòîÿíèå âíåñêîëüêî ñîòåí ìèëü. Çàòåìêîðàáëü âíîâü èñ÷åç è òóò æåâåðíóëñÿ â Ôèëàäåëüôèþ. Êî-ìàíäà, íàõîäèâøàÿñÿ âñå ýòîâðåìÿ íà áîðòó êîðàáëÿ, íåñìîãëà ïîìî÷ü ðàññëåäîâàíè-ÿì ýòîãî ñîáûòèÿ: ïîëîâèíàìàòðîñîâ è îôèöåðîâ ñîøëè ñ

óìà, îñòàëüíûå áûëè íàéäåíûìåðòâûìè. Ýòîò òàèíñòâåííûéñëó÷àé, ÿêîáû èìåâøèé ìåñòîíà ñàìîì äåëå, ëåã â îñíîâóõóäîæåñòâåííîãî ôèëüìà

"Ñåêðåòíûé ýêñïåðèìåíò". ×òîæå ýòî áûëî - ìàññîâàÿ ãàë-ëþöèíàöèÿ èëè íå÷òî äðóãîå?

Àìåðèêàíñêèé åæåíå-äåëüíèê "History of Sientist"îïèñûâàåò ñëó÷àé, êîãäà 30èþëÿ 1960 ãîäà â ãîðîäå Ïèê-òîí, øòàò Îíòàðèî, â ïðèñóò-ñòâèè ðîäñòâåííèêîâ è ñîñå-äåé èñ÷åç 13-ëåòíèé ìàëü÷èê,à ÷åðåç íåñêîëüêî äíåé áûëîáíàðóæåí íà òîì æå ìåñòå.

Àñòðîíîì è èññëåäîâà-òåëü ÍËÎ, èçäàë öåëûé ñáîð-íèê ïîäîáíûõ ñëó÷àåâ "èñ÷åç-íîâåíèé è ïîõèùåíèé", íàç-âàâ èõ "çàêðûòûìè êîíòàêòà-ìè ñ òðåòüåé ïðèðîäîé". Ìíî-ãèå èç ýòèõ ñëó÷àåâ òùàòåëü-íî äîêóìåíòèðîâàíû. Êàê,íàïðèìåð, èñòîðèÿ ñ èñ÷åçíî-âåíèåì Áåòòè è Áåðíè Õèëë,æèòåëÿìè Óèòôèëäà (Íüþ

Ãýìïøèð). Âñ å í ò ÿ á ð å1961 ãîäà îíèåõàëè äîìîéèç îòïóñêà,êàê âäðóãóâèäåëè õàî-òè÷íî äâèãàâ-øèåñÿ ïî íå-áó äâà ÿðêèõñâåòîâûõ øà-ðèêà, áóäòîñëåäîâàâøèõ

çà èõ ìàøèíîé. ×åðåç êàêîå-òî âðåìÿ, íàâèäàâøèñü îòýòèõ øàðèêîâ âñÿêèõ ÷óäåñ,Áåðíè è Áåòòè âäðóã âïàëè âïîëóäðåìó. Îïîìíèâøèñü,îíè ïîíÿëè, ÷òî ïðîøëî äâàäíÿ è îíè íàõîäÿòñÿ â ñîòíåìèëü îò òîãî ìåñòà, ãäå îñòà-íîâèëèñü. Ïîòîì îíè âñïîì-íèëè, ÷òî ïîáûâàëè â íåêîåì"êîðàáëå", ãäå áûëî ìíîãîñâåòà è "íåçåìíûå ñóùåñòâà"îïóòûâàëè èõ "ëó÷àìè-ùó-ïàëüöàìè", áóäòî õîòåëè ïðîñ-âåòèòü íàñêâîçü.

Ïîäîáíûå "ñåíñàöèè" ïî-ÿâëÿþòñÿ è â ðîññèéñêèõ ãà-çåòàõ. Ñîîáùàëîñü, íàïðèìåð,î òîì, êàê æèòåëüíèöó ÏåðìèÎëüãó Âîëêîâó íåñêîëüêî ðàçïîõèùàëè èíîçåìíûå ñóùåñò-âà, "ñêàíèðîâàëè åå ìîçã",ïûòàëèñü âæèâèòü ïîä êîæó

íåêîå óñòðîéñòâî, íî æåíùè-íà îêàçàëà ñîïðîòèâëåíèå èóáåæàëà. Ïÿòèëåòíèå áëèçíå-öû Ñîíÿ è Òàíÿ Êîìàðîâû èçÑàðàòîâà ÿêîáû èñ÷åçëè èçïîìåùåíèÿ äåòñàäà è íåîæè-äàííî ïîÿâèëèñü òàì æå ÷å-ðåç òðè ñ ïîëîâèíîé ÷àñà,êîãäà íà íîãè óæå áûëà ïîä-íÿòà ìèëèöèÿ. Äåâî÷êè íè÷å-ãî íå ïîìíèëè, íî êîãäà èõñòàëè ðàññïðàøèâàòü ïðèñòðà-ñòíåå, ñîîáùèëè, ÷òî "â ïî-òîëêå çàêðóæèëîñü ñîëíûøêî,è èõ ñúåëî". Âñå áûëî ñïèñà-íî íà "êîñìè÷åñêèå ñèëû". ÀÎêñàíà Íåðàçîâà èç Ìîñêâûâûøëà â ìàãàçèí, à î÷íóëàñüñïóñòÿ òðè äíÿ â ñòà êèëîìåò-ðàõ îò äîìà. È òîæå ðàññêà-çàëà æóðíàëèñòàì ìàññó ïîò-ðÿñàþùèõ äåòàëåé î ñâîåìîáùåíèè ñ íåêèìè ñòðàííûìèñóùåñòâàìè, "ÿâíî íåçåìíîãîïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ".

"Èññëåäóÿ àíîìàëüíûåÿâëåíèÿ, âàæíî ñîõðàíÿòüêðèòè÷åñêîå îòíîøåíèå ê ïî-äîáíîãî ðîäà èíôîðìàöèè èòùàòåëüíî åå ïðîâåðÿòü, -ñ÷èòàåò äîêòîð òåõíè÷åñêèõíàóê, ñòàðøèé íàó÷íûé ñîò-ðóäíèê Èíñòèòóòà ïðîáëåìýêîëîãèè è ýâîëþöèè ÐÀÌÍ,ïðîôåññîð ÌÃÓ Ðóäîëüô Íåñ-ìåëîâ. - ß çíàë æåíùèíó, êî-

òîðàÿ ðàññêàçûâàëàî ñâîåì îáùåíèè ñ"áðàòüÿìè ïî ðàçó-ìó", êîòîðûå ïîõè-ùàëè åå ïðÿìî èçïîñòåëè, î òîì, êàêîíà, ïîä÷èíÿÿñü èõ"çîâó", øëà 15 êèëî-ìåòðîâ ïî ëåñíîéãðÿçè… À ïîòîì,äåñêàòü, âåðíóëàñüäîìîé - à îáóâü÷èñòàÿ! Ñîìíåíèé âïðàâäèâîñòè ýòèõîùóùåíèé ó íåå íåâîçíèêàëî. À ýòîíåîáõîäèìî, ÷òîáûïðîÿñíèòü èñòèíó.Êàê ïðàâèëî, ïðèàíàëèçå ôåíîìåíîââûõîäèò, ÷òî "ÿðêèåñâåòîâûå ïÿòíà íàíåáå" - ýòî àòìîñ-ôåðíûå ÿâëåíèÿ èëèîãíè ëåòÿùåãî ñàìî-ëåòà. "Ñâåòÿùèåñÿøàðèêè" â âå÷åðíååâðåìÿ îêàçûâàþòñÿ

ïëàíåòàìè - íàïðè-ìåð, Ñàòóðíîì èÞïèòåðîì, ÷àñòî íàá-ëþäàåìûìè íåâîîðó-æåííûì ãëàçîì, è åñ-ëè åõàòü íà ìàøèíå,òî êàæåòñÿ, ÷òî ïëà-íåòà äâèæåòñÿ ïàðàë-ëåëüíî âàì. Èìåííîýòî ïðîèçîøëî â ñëó-÷àå ñ Áåðíè è ÁåòòèÕèëë. Îáû÷íî ëþäè,ñ÷èòàþùèå, ÷òî âèäå-ëè ÍËÎ è äàæå ïîáû-âàâøèå íà èõ áîðòó,íå ìîãóò îòëè÷èòü ëå-òÿùèé ñàìîëåò îò ñâå-òîôîðà. À ñóùåñòâà ñëûñûìè ãîëîâàìè, ùó-ïàëüöàìè, ìåíÿþùè-ìè ñâîé ðàçìåð è

"ñêàíèðóþùèìè" èõ òåëî, êàêâûÿñíÿåòñÿ ïðè òùàòåëüíîìèçó÷åíèè, - ëèøü ðàçíîâèä-íîñòü ìèñòè÷åñêèõ âèäåíèéèëè îùóùåíèé, îñíîâàííûõ íàñèëüíûõ ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïðå-äóáåæäåíèÿõ".

Îäíàêî ýòî íå çíà÷èò,÷òî ÷óäåñà íåâîçìîæíû:ïðîñòî îíè çà÷àñòóþ èìåþò÷åòêîå íàó÷íîå îáúÿñíåíèå.Íàïðèìåð, ó÷åíûå èç Áèîôè-çè÷åñêîãî öåíòðà ïðè ÍÈÈîíêîëîãèè Ìèíçäðàâà ÐÔ ñòà-âÿò î÷åíü èíòåðåñíûå ýêñïå-ðèìåíòû â îáëàñòè êâàíòîâîéòåëåïîðòàöèè - ìãíîâåííîìïåðåíîñå èíôîðìàöèè î áèî-ëîãè÷åñêîì îáúåêòå íà ëþáûåðàññòîÿíèÿ. Ïîêà ÷òî îáúåê-òîì ñëóæàò ëàáîðàòîðíûå ìû-øè, íî ðåçóëüòàòû óæå ïîçâî-ëÿþò ñäåëàòü âûâîä: òî, ÷òîïðåäñêàçûâàë åùå ñòî ëåò íà-çàä Àëüáåðò Ýéíøòåéí, à ïî-òîì ìíîãàæäû îáûãðûâàëèôàíòàñòû, âïîëíå âîçìîæíî.Âñå ýòî, õîòü è ïðàêòè÷åñêèïîêà íåäîñòèæèìî, äåéñòâóþ-ùèì çàêîíàì ôèçèêè íèñêîëü-êî íå ïðîòèâîðå÷èò.


"Íåçàâèñèìàÿ Ãàçåòà"

ÑÅÊÐÅÒ ÒÅËÅÏÎÐÒÀÖÈÈ

ÂÑÅ, ÷ÒÎ ÏÐÅÄÑ-ÊÀÇÛÂÀË ÅÙÅ ÑÒÎËÅÒ ÍÀÇÀÄ ÀËÜ-ÁÅÐÒ ÝÉÍØÒÅÉÍ,À ÏÎÒÎÌ ÌÍÎÃÀÆ-ÄÛ ÎÁÛÃÐÛÂÀËÈÔÀÍÒÀÑÒÛ, ÂÏÎË-ÍÅ ÂÎÇÌÎÆÍÎ.

Ó×ÅÍÛÅ

ÎÒÊÐÛËÈ

Ñëûøü, ïîìíèøü, ÷òî ÿãîâîðèë, - ó íèõ òàì,íàâåðõó, âñå êàê ó íàñ

íà çîíå. Ïî ïîíÿòèÿì! Ïåñíþñëûõàë?

Óòðî êðàñèò íåæíûì ñâå-òîì ñòåíû äðåâíåãî Êðåìëÿ.

Ïðîñûïàåòñÿ ñ ðàññâå-òîì âñÿ êðåìëåâñêàÿ áðàòâà...

À ãëàâíîå, âñå èç-çà áà-áîê. Îòâå÷àþ. ×òîá ìíå íà

òàèëàíäñêîé øòàíãèñòêå æå-íèòüñÿ!

Èç-çà ýòèõ áàáîê âñÿâåðõîâíàÿ áðàòâà äàæå êîëî-íóëàñü íà äâå: ïèòåðñêèõ èìîñêîâñêèõ. Ïîíÿë? Ìîñêîâñ-êèå - êîòîðûå åùå ïðè ïðîø-ëîì ïàõàíå òàêèå áàáêè íà-êîëáàñèëè: òû áû óçíàë, ó òå-áÿ á óøè ñ òàïî÷êàìè ñðîñ-ëèñü! À ïèòåðñêèå - êîòîðûå óíèõ ýòè áàáêè õîòÿò âûìóòèòü.Ïîíÿë? Îòâå÷àþ! ×òîá ìíåâñþ íî÷ü â îäíîì êóïå ñ ïü-ÿíûìè ôèííàìè åõàòü!

Ïîíà÷àëó ìîñêîâñêèå âáàçàð íå âúåõàëè. "Âû, ïèòå-ðñêèå, - ãîâîðÿò, - ãîëîøìûãè,áîòâà ïèïåòî÷íàÿ... À ñåëåäêàíå ìîæåò ïàõíóòü àïåëüñèíîì.Ïîýòîìó èäèòå îòíàñ ñâîèì îáû÷-íûì ïåøå-ýðîòè-÷åñêèì ìàðøðó-òîì". È òóò æåâñåì áàçàðîìïîä ñòàðîãîïðîøëîãî ïàõàíàçàëåãëè. Êñòàòè,òû ó íåãî íîâóþêëèêóõó ñëûõàë?Ðàíüøå çâàëèÖàðü Áîðèñ, Äåä,Ïàïà, òåïåðü -Çîíòèê. Ïîíÿë?Îí, êàê çîíòè-êîì, óêðûë âñåõñâîèõ ïëåìÿøåé,âíó÷àò, ÷óáàé-ñÿò... Òå äàæåñêèíóëèñü, Çîí-òèê íà ñîáñòâåí-íûå áàáêè îòðåñ-òàâðèðîâàëè. Âè-äàë? Êàê íîâåíü-êèé. Òèïà, ïîñëåå â ð î ð åì î í ò à :ùå÷êè îòöèêëåâà-

íû, ãëàçà, êàê ãàëîãåíêè, ãî-ðÿò, çóáû - "Òåôàëü", òû âñåã-äà ñî ìíîé". Ñàì õîäèò, ñàìãîâîðèò. Â íàòóðå, ïåñèê â ñà-ìîãîíå!

È ïîíà÷àëó êàçàëîñü, óíîâîãî ïèòåðñêîãî ïàõàíà ñòåìè, êòî ïîä çîíòèêîì, ïîë-íàÿ íåñðàñòóõà. Õîòÿ è ãý-áåøíèê, è âñå ïðî íèõ çíàåò.Íî îí òàêæå çíàåò, ÷òî îíè

çíàþò, ÷òî îí çíàåò, ÷òî îíèïðî íåãî òîæå âñå çíàþò.Êðîìå òîãî, îí ìàñòåð áîðü-áû íà êîâðå, à îíè - ïîä êîâ-ðîì, äà åùå êîòîðûé ïîä çîí-òèêîì.

Ìîñêîâñêèå åìó äàæåêëèêóõó äàëè - Êîëîêîëü÷èê.Ïîíÿë? Ìîë, çâåíèò êðàñèâî,à òîëêó íèêàêîãî. Òàê òîëüêî:òî Ãóñÿ ïîùèïëåò, òî Áåðåçó

íàãíåò... Íó è ÷åãî? Â×å÷íå âëèïàëîâî ïîñàìûå àáðèêîñû. Ýêî-íîìèêà - â ïðîòèâîçà-÷àòî÷íîì. Ìåäèêîâ,ó÷èòåëåé îïóñòèëè íè-æå óðîâíÿ ïåéäæåðà.Ìåíòû - îáîðîòíè. Óâîÿê îäèí ñïîðò -ãðåáëÿ ê ñåáå èç ëþáî-ãî ïîëîæåíèÿ! Ìîñêî-âñêèì ïðåäúÿâó âûíåñ:ãäå êàçíà? À îíè â îò-âåò: "Âîò îíà, âîò îíà,íà áþäæåò íàìîòàíà!"

Íî Êîëîêîëü÷èêïåðåö òåðòûé. Ãýáåø-íûìè ðàçáîðêàìè íå

ðàç óòþæåííûé. Íà÷àë òèõîéñàïîé êîðåøåé èç Ïèòåðà ïîä-òÿãèâàòü. Ê ìåíòàì ñâîÿêîâââèíòèëè. Õîäîêà èç-ïîä Çîí-òèêà âûäåðíóëè, â "Òèøèíó"çàøíóðîâàëè... Âîÿê ïîäêîðìè-ëè òàê, ÷òî ëèöà â ëþê òàíêàíå âõîäÿò, óøàìè çà äóëî öåï-ëÿþòñÿ. Íà ãîëîâíîì ñõîäíÿêåñåáå áîëüøèíñòâî çàáèëè èïîñòàíîâèëè: ðàç ìîñêîâñêèå

áàáêè íà êàïèòàíñêèé ìîñòèêíå íåñóò - ïàõàíó òÿíóòü âòî-ðîé ñðîê! Ïîêà íå ïðèíåñóò. Àïðåçåíò ñî âòîðûì ñðîêîì -ýòî óæå ïðåçåíò-ðåöèäèâèñò,ïîíÿë? Ñëûõàë, ÷å îí íåäàâíîïî òåëèêó áðÿêíóë? "Ìû äîëæ-íû ñäåëàòü Ðîññèþ!" Ïîíÿë? Èñäåëàåò. Îòâå÷àþ. Âèäàë, êàêïðàâèòåëüñòâî ñäåëàë? Ïåðåäâûáîðàìè ñàìîãî ñåáÿ. Äà òàêñäåëàë, ÷òî òå, êîãî îí ñäåëàë,åìó åùå ãîâîðÿò: "Ñïàñèáî,÷òî âû íàñ ñäåëàëè!"

À ïî÷åìó èõ âñåõ òàêïëþùèò, çíàåøü? Çà ñâîèáàáêè äðåéôÿò. Îòâå÷àþ.×òîá ìíå Ìàéêëà Äæåêñîíàíà ðåíòãåíîâñêîì ñíèìêå áåçãðèìà óâèäåòü. Òàê ÷òî íå Êî-ëîêîëü÷èê îí òåïåðü. Íîâàÿêëèêóõà ó íåãî - Ìàëü÷èø-Êè-áàëü÷èø. Êàê â ïåñíå ïîåòñÿ,ïîìíèøü? "Èäóò ïàðîõîäû -ïðèâåò Ìàëü÷èøó! Ëåòÿò ñàìî-ëåòû - ïðèâåò Ìàëü÷èøó!" Àêòî áåç ïðèâåòà - ê òîìó ñàìÌàëü÷èø ïðèäåò ñ ïðèâåòîì,óòþãîì è ïèñòîëåòîì. È òèøè-íà! Ïðè÷åì Ìàòðîññêàÿ. Èòîëüêî ñëûøíî, êàê òðàâàðàñòåò äà çóáû âñïîòåëè...

Âîò òàê, ïîíÿë? Âñå èç-çà áàáîê! È íå íàäî ïàðèòüîñüìèíîãà. È íå òîëüêî ó íàñ.Ìû âñåõ íàó÷èëè ïî ïîíÿòè-ÿì áàçàð ïåðåòèðàòü. Îòâå-÷àþ! ×òîá ìíå âñþ æèçíüñäîõøåãî òàìàãî÷è êîðìèòü!

Âîí, ìèðîâàÿ áðàòâà èç-çà ýòèõ áàáîê óæå âåñü øà-ðèê, â íàòóðå, ïî-íàøåíñêè íàçîíû ïîäåëèëà. Òàê è ãîâîðÿòâ îòêðûòóþ: Åâðîçîíà! Ïîíÿë?

À âîîáùå, ãëàâíûõ àâòî-ðèòåòîâ âîñåìü. Îíè ñåáÿ êëè-÷óò "Áîëüøàÿ âîñüìåðêà". Ìè-ðîâîé âàëþòíûé ôîíä - èõíèéîáùàê. Êòî â íåãî áóáëî íå îò-ñóñîëèâàåò, òóò æå ïðåäúÿâó -è âñå áóäåò çàáîìáèñü. Äëÿòàêèõ ðàçáîðîê äàæå ñïåöè-àëüíàÿ áðèãàäà åñòü - ÍÀÒÎíàçûâàåòñÿ. Ñåêðåòíàÿ ðàñ-øèôðîâêà - "Íàåçä àâòîðèòå-òîâ è òóõëûõ îòìîðîçêîâ".

Èðàêñêèå ïàöàíû, âîí,

ëèøíåå î ñåáå âîçáóõàëè, òóòæå èõíåãî ïàõàíà - Àãäàì Ñó-õåéíà - âûëîâèëè, â êóðÿòíèêîïóñòèëè, ñëåçû íà àíàëèçâçÿëè, óñòàíîâèëè - îí! Òå-ïåðü óñòàíàâëèâàþò, êòî îí?Â ÎÎÍ!

Âñå, âñå ïî ïîíÿòèÿì!Ãëàâíûå â ýòîé áðèãàäå -àìåðèêîñû. Àìåðèêîñû-ãóíäî-ñû. Ó èõíåãî ïàõàíà êëèêóõó

ç í à å ø ü ?Òðåòèé! Ýòîåãî ðîññèéñ-êèå êîðåøàòàê ïðîçâà-ëè. Ìîë,ò ð å ò ü è ìáóø? À ñà-ìè àìåðèêî-ñû åìó äðó-ãîå ïîãîíÿ-ëî äàëè -Áóáëèê. Îíî ä í à æ ä û ,êîãäà åë,á ó á ë è ê î ìïîäàâèëñÿ.Ýòî æå ñìå÷òîé îêàêèõ áàá-êàõ íàäîæðàòü, ÷òîáû ïîäàâèòüñÿ áóá-ëèêîì? Òåïåðü äàæå êîãäàìîë÷èò, ðîò íå çàêðûâàåòñÿ,ñëîâíî äûðêà îò áóáëèêàçàñòðÿëà. Òèïà, óäèâëÿåòñÿ,çà ÷òî ýòî ðîññèéñêèå êîðåøàíà ìåíÿ çàòàèëèñü? Çà ÷òî,çà ÷òî? Â ðåçóëüòàòå òîãî, ÷òîîí â ìèðå íàìîëîòèë, ó íàñ â

Ðîññèè íàø ðîññèéñêèé äîë-ëàð ïàäàòü íà÷àë! Áóáëèê - îíè åñòü áóáëèê. Íå âúåçæàåò,÷òî ñêîðî åìó ñàìîìó ïî åãîæå ïîíÿòèÿì ãëàç íà åâðî íà-òÿíóò.

À Áåíþ çíàåøü? Íó, Ëà-äåíà? Êëèêóõà - Íåáîñêðåáíó-òûé. Â ïîãîíå çà íèì è çàåãî áàáêàìè àìåðèêîñû óæåïàðó ñòðàí óðûëè. Â ëîõ-

ìîòüÿ! À Áåíÿ çàáóðèëñÿ, êàêãíèäà â ïîðòìîíå, è òîëüêîìàëÿâû èì øëåò. Ìîë, ÿ âàñâñåõ íà äåòîíàòîðå âåðòåë! Èíå âèäàòü âàì ìîèõ áàáîê,êàê áîìæó ïåäèêþðà.

Âñå êàê íà çîíå. Ó âñåõêëèêóõè. Ó ôðàíöóçñêîãî ïà-õàíà ïîãîíÿëî ñëûõàë? Øè-ðÿê! Äà, Øèðÿê. À åùå åñòüÍþõà÷. Ýòî íîâûé àðìÿíñêèéïðåçèäåíò - Íüþ-Õà÷! Íà âîñ-òîêå êèòàéñêèå ïàöàíû ïîäòÿ-ãèâàþòñÿ. Ñåðüåçíàÿ áðàòâà.Îíè ïåðâûìè ñîëíöå âñòðå÷à-þò, ïîýòîìó íà ìèðó èõ ïîãî-íÿëî - ñîëíöåâñêèå. Åñëè åùåîíè íà ñåãîäíÿøíþþ ðàçáîð-êó ïîäòÿíóòñÿ, ÿ òåáå òî÷íÿêãîâîðþ, Àðìàãåääåö ïîäêðàë-

ñÿ íåçàìåòíî!À âñå ïî÷å-

ìó? Ïîòîìó ÷òîâåçäå òåïåðü, êàê èó íàñ, - èç-çà áà-áîê è ïî ïîíÿòèÿì!À ìû äëÿ íèõ âñåõ:äëÿ Áóáëèêà, Êîëî-êîëü÷èêà, Çîíòèêà -òàê, øëàåòà, áîòâà,ëîõîòðîí ó ïàðàøèäëÿ ãîëîñîâàíèÿ.Ñëûõàë, ÷òî Ìàëü-÷èø-Êèáàëü÷èø ïîòåëèêó âûäàë: "Íó÷òî, áðàòêè, áóäåìðàçâèâàòü Ðîññèþèëè ïóñòü æèâåò?"

Òàê ÷òî íå íà-äî ïóòàòü äåìîêðà-òèþ ñ ãîëîñîâàíè-åì!!! Ïîíÿë! Ãîëî-ñîâàíèåì!

ß òåáå áîëüøåñêàæó, â ïðèðîäåäåìîêðàòèè íåò.Ãäå òû â ëåñó äå-

ìîêðàòèþ âèäåë? Òàì òîæåâñå, êàê ó íàñ, ïî ïîíÿòèÿì.Òàê ÷òî, âèäàòü, ìû íåäàëåêîåùå îò ïðèðîäû óøëè. È íåíàäî - ÷òî! Ïðàâèëüíî - ëîõ-ìàòèòü áàáóøêó!


Ìîñêîâñêèé Êîìñîìîëåöîò 12.03.2004

ÂÂÑÑÅÅ ÏÏÎÎ ÏÏÎÎÍÍßßÒÒÈÈßßÌÌ

#17 march 31, 2004 19

ØÀËÉ ÀÍÁÀÍÉÅÉÈÀÀ. ÌÀÓÛÉ ÀÒÉÓ áÌÏÅÍÄÁÉÝ ÃÀÈÀÍáÌÏÅÍÄÁÉÝ. ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÄÓ ÖÊÀÍÀÓÊÍÄËÍÉÞÀËÉÀÍ ÝÏÔÀÀ. * * * ÈÀÅÉÃÀÍ ÚÅÄËÀ ØÀËÓ ÄÒÈÉ ÒÀÌ ÖÍÃÀ, ÛÄÌÃÄÂÊÉ - ÓáÅÀÝ. * * * ØÀËÉ ÐÀÒÀÛÖÔÉÅÉÈÀÀ - ÍÄÁÉÓÌÉÄÒ ÃÒÏÓÛÄÖÞËÉÀ ÂÉÌÔÚÖÍÏÓ, ÀÌÉÔÏÌ ÓÀÈÀÃÀÒÉÂÏÖÍÃÀ ÂÚÀÅÃÄÓ. * * * ØÌÀÒÉ ÀáÀËÌÏÚÅÀÍÉË ÝÏËÓ: - ÛÄÍ ØÀËÉ áÀÒ ÃÀ ÖÍÃÀ ÛÄÀÓÒÖËÏ ÏÒÉÁÒÞÀÍÄÁÀ: ÄÒÈÉ - ÃÀßÅÄ, ÏÒÉ - ÂÀÜÖÌÃÄ. * * * ÄÒÈÉ ØÀËÉ ÖÚÅÄÁÀ ÌÄÏÒÄÓ: - ÜÄÌÉ ØÌÀÒÉ ÉÓÄ ÌÙÀËÀÔÏÁÓ, ÉÓÄÌÙÀËÀÔÏÁÓ, ÒÏÌ ÀÒÝ ÅÉÝÉ, ÄÓ ÁÀÅÛÅÄÁÉÅÉÓÂÀÍ ÌÚÀÅÓ. * * * * ØÀËÉ ÜÒÃÉËÉÅÉÈÀÀ - ÒÏÝÀ ÃÀÓÃÄÅ, ÛÄÍÂÀÍÂÀÒÁÉÓ. ÒÏÝÀ ÂÀÖÒÁÉáÀÒ, ÈÀÍ ÌÏÂÃÄÅÓ. * * * * ÏÒÉ ÂÏÂÏÍÀ ÓÀÖÁÒÏÁÓ: - ÂÀÅÉÂÄ, ÀÍÃÒÏÓ ÌÉäÚÅÄÁÉ ÝÏËÀÃ. ÈÖÄÓ ÌÀÒÈÀËÉÀ, ÌÀÛÉÍ ÛÄÍ ÂÉËÏÝÀÅ ÃÀÈÖ ÔÚÖÉËÉÀ, ÌÀÛÉÍ ÀÍÃÒÏÓÅÖËÏÝÀÅ. * * * * ÂÅÉÀÍ ÓÀÙÀÌÏÓ ÄÒÈÉ ÌÄÆÏÁËÉÓ ØÀËÉÛÄÃÉÓ ÌÄÏÒÄÓÈÀÍ: - ÌÏÌÉÓÌÉÍÄ, ÌÄÂÏÁÒÖËÀÃ ÂÈáÏÅ,ÛÄÍÉ ÉÀÔÀÊÉÓ ÓÀßÌÄÍÃÉ ãÏáÉ ÝÏÔÀáÍÉÈ ÌÀÈáÏÅÄ. - ÅÄÒ ÂÀÈáÏÅÄÁ, ßÖÈÉ-ßÖÈÆÄ ÌÄÝØÌÀÒÓ ÅÄËÏÃÄÁÉ. * * * *

ÀÁÓÖÒÃÉÀ ÌÔÊÉÝÄÁÀ, ÒÏÌ ØÀËÓ ËÏÂÉÊÉÓÖÍÀÒÉ ÀÒ ÀØÅÓ. ÈØÅÄÍ áÏÌ ÀÒ ÖÀÒÚÏ×ÈÀÔÏÌÄÁÉÓ ÀÒÓÄÁÏÁÀÓ ÌáÏËÏÃ ÉÌÉÔÏÌ, ÒÏÌÉÂÉ ÈÅÀËÉÈ ÀÒÀÓÃÒÏÓ ÂÉÍÀáÀÅÈ. * * * * ÝáÏÅÒÄÁÀ ÄÒÈáÄË ÂÅÄÞËÄÅÀ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÄÁÓ.ÌÄÏÒÄÃ ÅÄÒÝ ÂÀÅÖÞËÄÁÃÉÈ. * * * * ØÀËÉ ÓÖÓÔÉ, ÃÀÖÝÅÄËÉ ÀÒÓÄÁÀÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝÅÄÒ ÂÀÃÀÖÒÜÄÁÉÈ. * * * * - ÂÏÂÏÍÉ, ÈØÅÄÍ ÒÏÌÄËÉ ÝáÏÅÄËÉÓ ßÄËÛÉÃÀÉÁÀÃÄÈ. - ÝáÅÒÉÓ ßÄËÉßÀÃÛÉ. - ßÀÒÌÏÂÉÃÂÄÍÉÀ. ÀÒÀÃÀ, ÝáÄÍÉÅÉÈÂÀÌÏÉÚÖÒÄÁÉÈ. * * * * ÏÒÉ ÃÀØÀËÉÓ ÓÀÖÁÒÉÃÀÍ: - ÜÄÌÉ ØÌÒÉÓÂÀÍ ÌÄ ÓÒÖËÉÀÃ ÀáÀËÉ ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉÛÄÅØÌÄÍÉ. - ÃÀ ÒÀ äØÅÉÀ ÌÀÓ ÀáËÀ. * * * - ÒÀÓ ÍÉÛÍÀÅÓ “ØÀËÖÒÉ àÉÒÅÄÖËÏÁÀ”.

- ÄÓ ÉÓ ÌÏÌÄÍÔÉÀ, ÒÏÝÀ ÝÃÉËÏÁÄÍ,ÌÀÌÀÊÀÝÉÓÂÀÍ ÂÀÌÏÉÚÅÀÍÏÍ ÅÉÁÒÀÔÏÒÉÓÀ ÃÀÁÀÍÊÉÓ ÌÌÀÒÈÅÄËÉÓ äÉÁÒÉÃÉ. * * * ÊÀÒÂÉÀ, ÒÏÝÀ ÂÀÈáÏÅÉËÉ áÀÒ. ÄÒÈÉ ÒÀÙÀÝÃÀ... ØÌÀÒÓ ÔÀ×ÀÓ ÜÀÀÒÔÚÀÌ ÈÀÅÛÉ. ÉÓÉÝÐÀÓÖáÀÃ ÒÀÙÀÝÀÓ ÂÄÔÚÅÉÓ... * * * ÏÒÓÖËÉ ÝÏËÉ ÄÖÁÍÄÁÀ ØÌÀÒÓ: - ÉÝÉ, ÀáËÀ ÉÒÂÅËÉÅ ÒÀÃÉÀÝÉÀÀ. ÁÀÅÛÅÄÁÉÆÀÍÂÉÅÉÈ ÛÀÅÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÏÒÈÀÅÉÀÍÄÁÉ ÉÁÀÃÄÁÉÀÍ. ÝÏËÌÀ ÉÌÛÏÁÉÀÒÀ. ØÌÀÒÉ ÒÄÊÀÅÓÓÀÌÛÏÁÉÀÒÏÛÉ: - ÒÏÂÏÒÉÀ ÁÀÅÛÅÉ. - ÆÀÍÂÉÅÉÈ ÛÀÅÉ. - ÒÀÌÃÄÍÉ ÈÀÅÉ ÀØÅÓ. - ÄÒÈÉ. - ÌÀÃËÏÁÀ ÙÌÄÒÈÓ. * * * ÏÒÉ ÃÀØÀËÉ ÓÀÖÁÒÏÁÓ: - ÌÀÒÈÀËÉÀ, ÒÏÌ ÏÒÉ ÓÀÚÅÀÒÄËÉ ÂÚÀÅÓ. - ÔÚÖÉËÉÀ. ÉÌ ÏÒÉÃÀÍ ÄÒÈÉ ÜÄÌÉ ÓÀØÌÒÏÀ. * * * *

ÒÏÝÀ ÈÀÅÉÓ ßÀÒÓÖËÓ áÀÔÀÅÓ, ÌÀÌÀÊÀÝÉÀÔÚÖÄÁÓ ØÀËÓ. ÒÏÝÀ ÉÂÉ ÈÀÅÉÓ ÌÏÌÀÅÀËÓáÀÔÀÅÓ, ÀÌÉÈ ÀÔÚÖÄÁÓ ÓÀÊÖÈÀÒ ÈÀÅÓ. * * * * ØÀËÉ ÊÀÝÓ: - ÞÅÉÒ×ÀÓÏ, ÜÅÄÍ ÒÏÌ ÃÀÅØÏÒßÉÍÃÄÁÉÈ, ÓÀÌÉÛÅÉËÉ ÂÅÄÚÏËÄÁÀ. - ßÉÍÀÓßÀÒ ÒÀ ÉÝÉ. - ÉÓÉÍÉ ÀáËÀ ÃÄÃÀÜÄÌÈÀÍ ÉÆÒÃÄÁÉÀÍ. * * * * ÏÒÉ ÃÀØÀËÉ ÓÀÖÁÒÏÁÓ: - ÃÄÃÀÜÄÌÉ ÌÄÖÁÍÄÁÀ, ØÀËÉ ÊÀÒÂÀÃ ÖÍÃÀÂÀÈáÏÅÃÄÓÏ. - ÊÀÒÂÀÃ ÊÉ ÀÒÀ, áÛÉÒÀÃ ÖÍÃÀ ÂÀÈáÏÅÃÄÓ. * * * * - ÌÀÒÈÀËÉÀ, ÒÏÌ ØÀËÄÁÉ ÊÀÝÄÁÆÄ ÃÉÃáÀÍÓÝáÏÅÒÏÁÄÍ. - ÚÅÄËÀ ÀÒÀ, ÌáÏËÏÃ ØÅÒÉÅÄÁÉ. * * * *1. ÀÃÀÌÉÀÍÉ ÌÀÉÌÖÍÉÓ ÛÄáÄÃÖËÄÁÉÈ - ÄÓ ÉÓÀÒÉÓ, ÓÀÃÀÌÃÄÝ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÌÉÂÉÚÅÀÍÏÓ ÛÒÏÌÀÌ. 2. ÜÅÄÍ ÅÉÁÀÃÄÁÉÈ ÖÛÉÛÒÄÁÉ, ÌÉÌÍÃÏÁÄÁÉ ÃÀáÀÒÁÄÁÉ ÃÀ ÜÅÄÍÓ ÛÏÒÉÓ ÖÌÒÀÅËÄÓÏÁÀáÀÒÁÄÁÀÃ ÒÜÄÁÀ. 3. ÊÀÌÀÓÖÔÒÀ ÐÏÆÄÁÉÓ ÖÀÆÒÏ ÀÒÜÄÅÀÍÉ ÊÉ

ÀÒÀ, ÝáÏÅÒÄÁÉÓÄÖËÉ ÐÏÆÉÝÉÄÁÉÓÀÆÒÉÀÍÉ ÀÒÜÄÅÀÍÉÀ. 4. ÒÏÝÀ ÌÀÌÀÊÀÝÉ ÂÀÍØÏÒßÉÍÄÁÉÓÛÄÌÃÄÂ ÖÝÄÁ ÌÄÏÒÄÃ ÃÀØÏÒßÉÍÃÄÁÀ,ÄÓ ÖÊÅÄ ÀÆÀÒÔÉÀ. 5. ÛÄÝÃÏÌÉÓ ×ÀÓÉ ÒÏÌ ÂÀÉÂÏ,ÛÄÝÃÏÌÀ ÖÍÃÀ ÃÀÖÛÅÀ. * * * * ÄÒÈÉ ÊÀÝÉ ÄÖÁÍÄÁÀ ÌÄÏÒÄÓ: - ØÀËÉ ÚÀÜÀÙÆÄ ÖÀÒÄÓÉÀ. - ÒÀÔÏÌ. - ÚÀÜÀÙÉ ÛÄÍÂÀÍ ÌÏÉÈáÏÅÓ ÀÍÓÀ×ÖËÄÓ, ÀÍ ÓÉÝÏÝáËÄÓ, ØÀËÉ ÊÉÄÒÈÓÀÝ ÃÀ ÌÄÏÒÄÓÀÝ. * * * *


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Êàê ñåáÿ ÷óâñòâóåò òâîé ïîïó-ãàé?- Áåäíÿãà óìåð...- Îò ñòàðîñòè?- Håò, îò îãîð÷åíèÿ. Ñ òåõ ïîð,êàê ÿ æåíèëñÿ,

åìó íå óäàëîñü âñòàâèòü íèñëîâà.***Ñïåöêîìèññèÿ ÎÎÍ ïðèíÿëà ðå-øåíèå çàïðåòèòü ïðîâåäåíèå âÊèòàå îïûòîâ ïî êëîíèðîâàíèþ. Òàê, íà âñÿ-êèé ñëó÷àé...***Ìóæèê íà êðóòîé èíîìàðêå âðå-çàåòñÿ â ñòîëá, íî ñàì îñòàåòñÿ öåë.- Î, Ãîñïîäè! - ãîâîðèò îí.Ãîëîñ ñâåðõó:- ß ñëóøàþ.Ìóæèê âûáèðàåòñÿ èç ìàøèíû è, óâè-äåâ âäðåáåçãè ðàçáèòûé êàïîò, â ñåðäöàõ ïðîèçíîñèò:- ×åðò, ÷åðò!Ãîëîñ ñíèçó:- Âû áû, ìîëîäîé ÷åëîâåê, îïðåäåëè-ëèñü...***Ïðèõîäèò Èâàíîâ ê Ïåòðîâó è ñïðà-øèâàåò:- Êàê ó òåáÿ êîðîâà 100 ëèòðîâ âäåíü äàåò? Ïåòðîâ ãîâîðèò:- Âñå äåëî â ëàñêå. Çàõîæó ê íåé èëàñêîâî ãîâîðþ: ÷òî ó íàñ

ñåãîäíÿ, ìîëîêî èëè ãîâÿäèíà?***Åñëè ïîäîéòè ê ñïÿùåìó ÷åëîâåêó èèçî âñåé ñèëû ãàðêíóòü åìó íà óõî“Òðèíàäöàòü!” - òî îí òóò æå ïîäñêî-÷èò è íà÷íåò î÷óìåëî îçèðàòüñÿ ïî ñòîðîíàì.Ýòî åùå ðàç äîêàçûâàåò ìàãè÷åñêóþ

ïðèðîäó çàãàäî÷íîãî ÷èñëà!***Òû çíàåøü, ìàðñîõîä íà Ìàðñå íàøåëìåðòâîå ìîðå è ïîëó÷èë íîâîå

çàäàíèå.- Êàêîå?- Èñêàòü åâðååâ.***180-120-180. Èùó ðàáîòó ïî óêëàäêåøïàë. Èíòèì íå ïðåäëàãàòü.***Âî âpåìÿ àâèàïåpåëåòà ÷åëîâåêó ñòà-íîâèòñÿ ïëîõî. Ïî áîpòîâîé ñâÿçèèíòåpåñóþòñÿ, åñòü ëè â ñàëîíå âpà÷,è ïpîñÿò åãî ïîäîéòè ê êpåñëó. Îäèí èç ïàññàæèpîâ âñòàåò è îêàçû-âàåò íåîáõîäèìóþ ìåäèöèíñêóþ ïî-ìîùü, à êîãäà âîçâpàùàåòñÿ íà ñâîå ìåñòî,ñîñåä åãî ñïpàøèâàåò:- ×òî ïpîèçîøëî?- ×åëîâåêó ñòàëî ïëîõî. ß - âpà÷, ïî-ýòîìó îêàçàë åìó ïîìîùü.- À âû âûñòàâèëè ñ÷åò çà ñâîè óñëó-ãè?- Äà íåò, êàê-òî íåóäîáíî. À ïî÷åìóâû ñïpàøèâàåòå?

- ß ïî ïpîôåññèè þpèñò è íà âàøåììåñòå ñ÷åò áû âñå-òàêè âûñòàâèë.- Ñïàñèáî çî ñîâåò. Âîçìîæíî, êîãäà-íèáóäü èì âîñïîëüçóþñü.Ñàìîëåò áëàãîïîëó÷íî ïpèçåìëÿåòñÿ.Âpà÷ âîçâpàùàåòñÿ äîìîé è íàõîäèò â ïî÷òîâîì ÿùèêå ñ÷åò íà 80 äîë-ëàpîâ ñ ïîìåòêîé: “Çà þpèäè÷åñêóþ êîíñóëüòàöèþ â ñàìîëåòå”.***Ìîéøà, óåçæàÿ â êîìàíäèðîâêó, ïðè-õîäèò ê ðàáè.- Ðàáè, ó ìåíÿ â ìàòðàñå 100,000, ÿóåçæàþ, ÿ ìîãó îñòàâèòü

èõ òåáå íà õðàíåíèå?- Hó òû ïîíèìàåøü, ÿ îäèí òàêèå âîï-ðîñû íå ðåøàþ, íàäî ìèíèàí

ñîáðàòü.Ñîáðàëè. Ïîðåøèëè äåíüãè âçÿòü.Êîìàíäèðîâêà çàêîí÷èëàñü, ïðèåçæà-åò Ìîéøà è ïåðâûì äåëîì ê ðàáè.- Ðàáè, ÿ ïðèåõàë.- Hó è ÷òî?- Hó òàê ýòî, äåíüãè áû íàçàä ïîëó-÷èòü...- Êàêèå äåíüãè?

- Hó êàê æå, ÿ îñòàâëÿë, åùåìèíèàíñîáèðàëè...

- Äàâàé ñîáåðåì, ñïðîñèì...Ñîáðàëè.- Ëþäè, Ìîéøà ãîâîðèò, ÷òî îñ-òàâëÿë íàì íà õðàíåíèå äåíüãè.

Âû ïîìíèòå?- Êàêèå äåíüãè ?Òàê Ìîéøà íè ôèãà è íå ïîëó-÷èë. Âûõîäèò èç ñèíàãîãè, ñà-äèòñÿ íà ïîðîã, ñèäèò ãðóñòíûé, äóìà-åò.Âûõîäèò ðàáè.- Ìîéøà?- ×òî?

- Òåïåðü òû ïîíÿë, ñ êàêèìè ñâîëî÷à-ìè ìíå ïðèõîäèòñÿ ðàáîòàòü?***Ïàâàðîòòè ñ êåì-òî ðàçãîâàðèâàë ïîòåëåôîíó è âûäåëûâàë íå÷òîíåâîîáðàçèìîå: âèçæàë, îðàë, ñèïåë,ïóñêàë “ïåòóõà” è æóòêî êàðòàâèë.Íàêîíåö îí çàêîí÷èë ðàçãîâîð è ïî-ëîæèë òðóáêó.- Ëó÷àíî, - ñïðîñèëà åãî æåíà Íèêî-ëåòòà. - Ñ êåì òû ãîâîðèë?- Îäíîìó ïðèäóðêó äåìîíñòðèðîâàë,êàê ïîåò Ðàáèíîâè÷, - îòâåòèë âåñüìà

äîâîëüíûé ñîáîé Ïàâàðîòòè.***“Äîpîãîé äîêòîp Êàøïèpîâñêèé! Ïîñëåâàøåãî ïåpâîãî ñüÿíñà ÿ ñòàë ãîpàçäî ëó÷øå ñåáÿ ÷óâñòâî-âàòü, ïîñëå âòîpîãî - ÿ íà÷àë õîäèòü, à ïîñëå òpåòüåãî -ó ìå-íÿ pàññîñàëèñü òpóïíûå ïÿòíà è øâû ïîñëå âñêpûòèÿ.

Ñ óâàæåíèåì, Â.È.Óëüÿíîâ (Ëåíèí)“***

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