Feeding the Cellulosic Biorefinery with Woody Biomass:

Feedstock Supply and Logistics

Jim DooleyForest Concepts, LLC

www.forestconcepts.com

Corn EthanolFagen Engineering

Corn EthanolFagen Engineering

Chemical PulpWeyerhaeuser Company

300 Million Tons Woody Biomass• 30 Billion gallons ethanol per year (100 gal/ton)• 1.5 million green tons per day

• 60,000 truckloads per day from woods to refinery• 300 truckloads per day if 200 biorefineries

• Each biorefinery would process 5,000 tons per day• Produce 500,000 gallons ethanol per day

• TODAY: 123 Chemical Pulp Mills in US • Use 56 million tons of wood• Large modern pulp mill uses 4,700 tons per day

• Where are you going to site the next 200?Where are you going to site the next 200?

Woody Biomass Sources• Urban Greenwood • Urban C&D• Landclearing – homes, commercial, roads…• Forest fire prevention and health • Forest residuals – logging, mill waste• Non-industrial forest harvest• Industrial Forestry• Energy Plantations

Forest Lands of United States

Feedstock Situation• Supply is abundant, BUT….• Costs and competing uses are issues• No national standards or specifications exist

• Ad hoc criteria for each mill• State what is not acceptable

• Vs. what is preferred with market incentives

A Different ParadigmIndustrial Biomass Feedstock Supply Industry

• Separate dirty and clean end of facilities

• Based on well defined commodity feedstocks

• Packaged appropriately for users

• Transported via conventional rail, barge, truck

www.forestconcepts.com

Contact:

Forest Concepts, LLC3320 W. Valley Hwy. N., Ste D110Auburn, WA 98001

Ph: 253.333.9663

Attitude Attitude (Framing)(Framing)

Scavenged Forest Residuals

vs.

Value-Added Co-products

Forest Concepts

Smallwood Utilization – MarketsProducts in YELLOW are currently produced / sold by Forest Concepts

• Christmas trees – natural look• Mine props• Firewood• Posts and Poles• Furniture Poles• Log Home & Trail Railings• ProjectPolesTM

• Cabin Logs• Utility Poles • Pilings• Biomass Energy Fuel• Pulp & Paper Chips• Landscape Mulch• Compost• Veneer blocks• Craft, Promotional & Gift Items• ELWd® Bioengineering Structures

• Rough Sawn Lumber & Timbers• Planed, Dried & Graded Lumber• Pallet lumber• Veneer pallet stacking sheets• Shavings for Animal Bedding• Sawdust & Granules for Bedding• Wood Excelsior – Packaging • Wood Excelsior – Erosion Control• Wood Strand – Erosion Control• OSB / Engineered Wood Panels• Wood Energy Pellets• Cement-Wood Composite• RTA Fencing Kits• RTA Landscape Products• RTA Roundwood Structures• Flooring – T&G boards• Character Wood Boards & Molding

34 Markets

Current Situation – Timber Towns• Big, Benevolent, Dominant Corporate Entity is Gone

from the Scene• Land Base is Stable• Timber is Still Growing • Landowners Need Income• Residents Still Want Forest-Related Careers• Public Policy and Markets are Encouraging Stronger

Forest Stewardship Ethic• Public Policy Encouraging Watershed, Wildlife and

Water Quality Improvement Programs• Communities Moving Beyond “Woe be Me” Stage

Forest Concepts, LLC

Gap Analysis

Local Forest Landowners• Lack Customers for Wood• Inefficient Forest Products Market• Need Revenue from Management Operations• High Costs for Small Units & Selective Harvest Gaps

• Adequate return to landowner • Marketing & Logistics• Forest Operations Contractors• Product Specifications• Long-term customers

Forest Concepts, LLCPublic Policy• Forest Stewardship• Fuel Reduction Thinning• Increased Recreational Use• Rural Community Revitalization• Urban waste/landfill Control• Bio-based Products• Renewable Energy

“Enclave Concept”vs.

Industrial Complex• Cohesive GroupCohesive Group

• Cooperative & Co-dependent EnterprisesCooperative & Co-dependent Enterprises• Distinct Culture

• Sustainable Forestry & Natural Resource Ethic• Market-based Solutions to Sustainability• Smallwood Competent

• Within Larger Social System• Established Infrastructure, Markets• Traditional Communities & Governments• Local, Regional and National Public Policies

Forest Concepts

Ecosystem Restoration Worldviews• Recreate closest approximation to historic condition Recreate closest approximation to historic condition

• Then allow natural processesThen allow natural processes• Manage in perpetuity to preserve conditionManage in perpetuity to preserve condition

• Intervene to stop un-natural processesIntervene to stop un-natural processes• Allow natural processes to continueAllow natural processes to continue• Enhance ecosystem with modest effortsEnhance ecosystem with modest efforts• Provide Provide “bridging solutions”“bridging solutions” to jump-start natural processes to jump-start natural processes

• Exclude all human-related activity and let Nature take Exclude all human-related activity and let Nature take its courseits course

Forest Concepts, LLC