Feduik Series-Counterflow Green Done Easy · • Typical entering condenser water from tower •...
Transcript of Feduik Series-Counterflow Green Done Easy · • Typical entering condenser water from tower •...
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 1
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009
Green Done Easyfor
LEED® Certification
Presented By:
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
WelcomeWelcome
Bob Feduik, P.E. LEED APSoftware SystemsCarrier Corporation Syracuse, New York
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Today’s FocusToday’s Focus
• Discuss Chillers & Efficiency(Especially New Technology Chillers)
• Define Series Counter-Flow + DOAS + Chilled Beams
• Compare ASHRAE 90.1-2004 “Baseline” Building vs. “Proposed” Building with Series Counter-Flow Chillers
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Chiller TypesChiller Types
Section 4 – Direct and Reverse Return Systems
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 2
© 2009 Carrier Corp. Section 4 – Direct and Reverse Return Systems
© 2009 Carrier Corp. Section 4 – Direct and Reverse Return Systems
© 2009 Carrier Corp. Section 3 – Chiller Components
© 2009 Carrier Corp. Section 1 – Introduction
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 3
© 2009 Carrier Corp. © 2009 Carrier Corp.
Customer TypesCustomer Types
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Universities andCentralPlants require
LongevityHigh EfficiencyQuality
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Hospitals
Excellent control of humidity and temperature
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 4
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
UpscaleRetail & Lodging
Comfortable quiet environment
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Hi rise office Buildings
Architectural fit
Zone capabilities
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Special UseFacilities
Utmost In Flexibility
Reliability
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Process and Manufacturing
Precise Control
Durability & Efficiency
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 5
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
CentrifugalCentrifugal
ScrollScroll
ReciprocatingReciprocating
ScrewScrew
Chiller Compressor TypesChiller Compressor TypesPositive Displacement
Dynamic
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Scroll CompressorScroll Compressor
Hermetic Shell
Suction Inlet
Hermetic Motor
Hot Gas Discharge
Electrical Terminal Connection
Orbiting Scrolls
Pressure Relief
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Scroll CompressorScroll Compressor
CLICK PICTURE TO RUN DEMO
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Semi-Hermetic Reciprocating CompressorSemi-Hermetic Reciprocating Compressor
Electrical Terminal Box
Semi-Hermetic Motor
View Port
6-Cylinder Model Shown
Cylinder Head
Bolted Compressor
Housing
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 6
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Reciprocating CompressorReciprocating Compressor
CLICK PICTURE TO RUN DEMO
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Double Rotor Screw CompressorDouble Rotor Screw Compressor
Twin Rotor Design
Semi-Hermetic Housing
Oil Pressure
Capacity Control Mechanism
Motor Terminal Box
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Twin Screw CompressionTwin Screw CompressionTypical screw compressors have two rotors.
As gas is compressed, it exerts an equal and opposite force on the rotors.
These large forces try to push the rotors apart.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Double Rotor Screw CompressorDouble Rotor Screw Compressor
CLICK PICTURE TO RUN DEMO
Section 3 – Air-Cooled Chiller Components
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 7
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Centrifugal – Water-CooledCentrifugal – Water-Cooled
Inlet Guide Vanes
Transmission
Impeller
Guide Vane Motor
Refrigerant Motor Cooling Line
Motor Rotor
Section 3 – Chiller Components© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Centrifugal CompressorCentrifugal Compressor Need Avifile
CLICK PICTURE TO RUN DEMO
Section 3 – Chiller Components
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Water-Cooled Chiller Advantages• Higher efficiency• Custom selections on larger sizes• Large tonnage capabilities• Indoor chiller location• Longer life
Air-Cooled Chiller Advantages• Lower installed cost• Quicker availability• No cooling tower or condenser
pumps required• Less maintenance• No mechanical room required
Water-Cooled vs. Air-Cooled ChillersWater-Cooled vs. Air-Cooled Chillers
Section 1 – Introduction© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Design Air Inlet Temperature 95° F
Refrigerant Condensing Temperature 125° F
125° F Condensing Temperature
Air-Cooled Condensing TemperatureAir-Cooled Condensing Temperature
Section 1 – Introduction
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 8
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
94.4° F• Typical water leaving the condenser
9.4° F• Water rise in the condenser
85.0 F°78F
• Typical entering condenser water from tower• Typical entering wet bulb to tower
2.6° F• Typical difference between water leaving thecondenser and condensing temperature
97.0° F• Typical water-cooled condensing temperature
=
Water Cooled Condensing TemperaturesWater Cooled Condensing Temperatures
Section 3 – Types of Condensers: Water-Cooled© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Condensing Temperature TopicCondensing Temperature Topic
Section 1 – Introduction
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Effect of Condensing TemperatureEffect of Condensing Temperature
Section 3 – Types of Condensers: Evaporative
1591.1553.691.048.10130
133.9647.994.049.84120
115.8342.797.051.41110
107.7740.498.652.15105
100.7238.210052.86100
%TONS%
kW/TONkW/TONkW INPUTCAPACITYCONDENSING
TEMP (°F)
WATER-COOLEDAIR-COOLED
Based on Screw Compressor, 40° F Suction R-134a
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
89.689.188.688.187.687.186.686.185.685.1
85.084.083.082.081.080.079.078.077.076.0
85.081.077.073.069.065.065.065.065.065.0
100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
ECWTASIA
0.5° F/10%
ECWT Humid Areas of
North America1.0° F/10%
ECWTARI(° F)
Chiller Capacity
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 9
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
First Objective:First Objective:
To understand the theory of chiller lift as it relates to series counter-flow chiller plant design.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
64° F 54° F 44° F
Series – (Typically greater than 18° F drop)
54° F
44° F
44° F
44° F
Parallel – (Typically 18° F drop or less)
Section 3 – Chiller Components
Parallel Versus Series EvaporatorsParallel Versus Series Evaporators
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Primary-Secondary SystemPrimary-Secondary System
• Secondary pumping station– One pump active, the other standby (lead-lag)– Pumps are VFD-equipped if all coils are 2-way– Matches secondary flow to coil loads
• Hydraulic decoupler maintains constant primary flow
Hydraulic Decoupler
(Bridge)
Production Loop (primary) Building System Loop (secondary)
Section 7 – System Piping Arrangements
Alternate Bypass Line minimum chiller flow
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Primary-Only Variable-FlowPrimary-Only Variable-Flow
Flow Meter
Control Valve, sized for minimum chiller flow
Automatic Isolation Valves
Variable Speed Primary Pumps
Bypass
Section 7 – System Piping Arrangements
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 10
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Next FocusNext Focus
• Discuss Chillers & Efficiency(Especially New Technology Chillers)
• Define Series Counter-Flow + DOAS + Chilled Beams
• Compare ASHRAE 90.1-2004 “Baseline” Building vs. “Proposed” Building with Series Counter-Flow Chillers
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Series Counter-FlowSeries Counter-FlowWhat is it?
Upstream chiller (CH-2) cools 60°F – 52°F
Downstream chiller (CH-1) cools 52°F – 44°F
Evaporator water flows thru CH-2 and then CH-1
Condenser water flows thru CH-1 and then CH-2
90°F
Leaving Chilled Water 44°F
85°F
52°F
95°F
CH-1
CH-2
Entering Chilled Water 60°F
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
SAT. LIQUID
SAT. VAPOR
Refrigerant Effect(Capacity)
Compr
essio
n
Heat Rejection
Enthalpy
SCT
Reduced Lift
Pres
sure
42
92
97
SST
Lift = Work = Energy
How Does It Work?
System SST SCT Lift
Parallel 42 97 55
Series C-F 42 92 50
Downstream Chiller
90F
60F
44F
85F
52F
95F
Lower Lift = Less Work = Lower kWLift f (SCT-SST) = 92°-42° = 50°F
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
SAT. LIQUID
SAT. VAPOR
Refrigerant Effect(Capacity)
Compr
essio
n
Heat Rejection
Enthalpy
SCT
Reduced Lift
Pres
sure
42
50
97
SST
90F
60F
44F
85F
52F
95F
How Does It Work?
Upstream Chiller
System SST SCT Lift
Parallel 42 97 55
Series C-F 50 97 47
Lower Lift = Less Work = Lower kW
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 11
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Positive Displacement Screw Compressor can not Surge
Quickly Adapts To System Changes
134a Positive PressureNo Purge
Semi-Hermetic Motors No Shaft Seal or Alignment.
Heavy Duty ASME Heat Exchangers
Apply New Technology Screws In Series-Counterflow
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Shorter Rotors for Stability
Tri-Rotor CompressorTri-Rotor Compressor
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Two compression processes occur simultaneously.
Forces from upper compression are equal and opposite to forces from lower compression.
Vastly reduced bearing loads.
Tri-rotor screw compression forces cancel yielding extremely low loads on the bearings.
Tri-Rotor Screw CompressorTri-Rotor Screw Compressor
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Reduced load on bearings allows for larger discharge areas – increased efficiency
Tri-rotor has 1/3 the transfer torque of twin rotors. Requires less oil to lubricate rotors.
Reducing losses important at all loads, enormous influence at part loads.
Tri-rotor screw compressor full and part load
efficiencies are superior to traditional screw designs.
Tri-Rotor Screw CompressionTri-Rotor Screw Compression
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 12
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Evaporator Flow rate cut by half in less than one minute.
Chiller quickly shed the load and stabilized at the new condition.
44F
58F1000 gpm
500 gpm
Quick Response TimeQuick Response Time
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Maximize your uptime.
Industrial DesignIndustrial Design
• Positive displacement screw compressor cannot surge
• Quickly adapts to system changes
• 134a positive pressure no purge
• Semi-hermetic motors no shaft seal or alignment
• Heavy duty ASME heat exchangers
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Optional Isolation Valves Allow:
Chillers Delivered Fully ChargedReduced Service Time Reduced Service ExpenseReduced Refrigerant Transfer LossesNo Need For External Refrigerant Storage Tanks.Optional Unit Mounted Transfer Compressor (Pump Out).
In Chiller StorageIn Chiller Storage
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Entire system is factory testedDrive does not require any additional floor space65,000 amp interrupt capacity circuit breaker standard. (100 KAIC Optional).Single Point Power Easy installation
• Just connect incoming power lines
Factory-Mounted VFDFactory-Mounted VFD
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 13
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Electrical BenefitsElectrical Benefits
• High Efficiency • High Power Factor • Low KVA, Wire Size • Low inrush amps• Low Harmonic Distortion
(meets IEEE-519 std)• Demand Limit Benefit
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
0.576 / 0.86
0.576 / 0.99
Full Load Eff / PF
425
374
MCA
Constant Speed 400 Ton Chiller
VFD Screw 400 Ton Chiller
Chiller
Reduced Wire SizeReduced Wire Size
• Higher power factor results in lower Minimum Circuit Ampacity (MCA)
• Can reduce wire size.
• Can reduce breaker size.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
600-800%Across the Line
200-275%Wye-Delta
400-500%Part Winding
400-500%Auto Transformer
300%Solid State
100%VFD
Starting Current (% of FLA)
Starter Type
.
• Easily fits into existing electrical systems
• Ideal for generator start up
• Low voltage drop on customer electrical system on start up
• Longer motor life
Lowe InrushLowe Inrush
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
All variable frequency drives (VFD’s) are not the same.Eliminates complicated harmonics analysisEliminates field installedauxiliary line reactors and filters that consume energy and floor space.
Low THD (Total Harmonic Distortion)
- 519
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
THD
23XRV VFD
Traditional VFD,with out linereactor
* THD is computed on an electrical system basis, not on individual equipment. The graph is only intended to show relative values.
Low Harmonic DistortionLow Harmonic Distortion
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 14
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
High Energy Bills? 40% more efficient than ASHRAE 90.1
uses chlorine free, non-phase out 134a.
provides maximum tons per amp of existing electrical service and has small footprint.
Condenser Override allows operation at up to 105 F entering condenser water.
starts and operates continuously with cold condenser water (55F).
no purges, shaft seals, slide valves, oil separators or storage tanks required.
low inrush, high power factor and meets IEEE-519 standards for harmonics.
produces up to 15% more tons than some other chillers during periods of reduced ECWT
Refrigerant Phase Out?
Power Quality?
Demand Management?
High Maintenance Costs?
Can’t Lower Tower Set Point?
Tower Problems, Dirty Tubes?
Need More Capacity?
VFD Screw Chiller Solution GuideVFD Screw Chiller Solution Guide
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Today’s FocusToday’s Focus
• Discuss Chillers & Efficiency(Especially New Technology Chillers)
• Define Series Counter-Flow + DOAS + Chilled Beams
• Compare ASHRAE 90.1-2004 “Baseline” Building vs. “Proposed” Building with Series Counter-Flow Chillers
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Commercial Office Building with Data CenterCommercial Office Building with Data Center
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Chiller Plant Efficiency: Series Counter-FlowChiller Plant Efficiency: Series Counter-FlowOptimized Energy Performance
• ASHRAE 90.1-2004, Appendix G
Whole Building Energy Simulation• Annual Energy Cost ($) and Consumption (kWh)• ASHRAE Recognized Simulation Program, Carrier HAP
Compare “Baseline” Building vs. “Proposed” Building with 2-Series Counter-Flow Chillers
ASHRAE 90.1-2004 “Baseline” Building• Commercial Office Building with Data Center• Internal Loads
– Lights, People, Computers
• Envelope Based on ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004• Operating Schedules per ASHRAE 90.1-1999 User’s Guide
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 15
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Flat RateUtility Rate: Natural Gas
Complex Rate with Demand Ratchet ChargesUtility Rate: Electric8760 Hourly AnalysisSimulation Program12 ftFloor-to-floor Height
540,000 ft2 Space SummaryConditioned Area
Office (Building Area Method)Space (Building) Usage5AClimate Zone
USA_Syracuse_TMY2.HW1Simulation Weather Data
96.4/75.4 F (1% cooling design DB / MCWB)78.6 F design WB 18 F (99.6% heating design)
Design Weather DataSyracuse, NYLocationApril 28 Green Done EasyProject Name
Project Data: Weather, Climate, Space Usage (Baseline & Proposed)Project Data: Weather, Climate, Space Usage (Baseline & Proposed)
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Project Data: (Baseline & Proposed)Project Data: (Baseline & Proposed)
25% of Total Building Energy Cost25% of Total Building Energy CostReceptacle and Plug Loads
ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Section 7.4.2Same as ProposedService Hot Water
Series Counter-Flow screw chillers with chilled beams
VAV, CW/HW per ASHAE 90.1-2004 G3.1.1 through G3.1.3
HVAC Systems
“ “ “ ““ “ “Thermal Blocks
ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Table G3.1“ “ “Lighting
ASHRAE 62.1-2004“ “ “Ventilation
Per“ “ “ ““ “ “Building Envelop and Schedules
“ “ “ ““ “ “Space Usage Classification
ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Table G3.1Same as ProposedDesign Model
ProposedBaselineDescription
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Baseline System TypesTable G3.1.1ABaseline System TypesTable G3.1.1A
*Reprinted by permission form ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004. This material may not be copied nor distributed in either paper or digital form without ASHRAE’s permission.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Baseline System DescriptionsTable G3.1.1BBaseline System DescriptionsTable G3.1.1B
*Reprinted by permission form ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004. This material may not be copied nor distributed in either paper or digital form without ASHRAE’s permission.
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 16
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Baseline Chilled Water Plant DescriptionsBaseline Chilled Water Plant Descriptions
*Reprinted by permission form ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004. This material may not be copied nor distributed in either paper or digital form without ASHRAE’s permission.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
• Axial with two-speed fans
• 85°F condenser water design supply temperature or 10°F approach to design wet-bulb temperature, whichever is lower
• Design temperature rise of 10°F
• 19 w/gpm condenser water pump
Baseline Cooling TowerBaseline Cooling TowerSection G3.1.3.11 Heat Rejection
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Baseline Chiller PlantBaseline Chiller Plant
Hydraulic Decoupler
(Bridge)
Primary Loop Variable Speed Secondary Loop
Cooling Tower
Sections G3.1.3.7 - 10Parallel Chiller Plant Chiller Eff = 0.576 kW/Ton, Capacity =1.15 X Load44/56°F chilled water with reset22 w/gpm chilled water pump
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Proposed (Series Counter-Flow)Proposed (Series Counter-Flow)Series Counter-Flow Chiller Plant Primary Variable Speed Loop44/60°F with resetChilled water pump sized for 22 W/gpm
Flow Meter
Control Valve, sized for minimum chiller flow
Automatic Isolation Valves
Variable Speed Primary Pumps
Bypass
Cooling Tower
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 17
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Second Objective:
To understand the fundamental design criteria for a dedicated outside air system (DOAS) to overcome zone latent loads.
To understand the chilled water temperature control criteria and system design as it relates to protecting against condensation formation on chilled beams.
Second Objective:Second Objective:
To understand the fundamental design criteria for a dedicated outside air system (DOAS) to overcome zone latent loads.
To understand the chilled water temperature control criteria and system design as it relates to protecting against condensation formation on chilled beams.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Proposed System - Green Done EasyProposed System - Green Done EasySeries Counter-Flow Chiller Plant with VFD Equipped Screw ChillersPrimary Variable Speed Chilled Water Loop, with High Delta T 44/64°F Chilled WaterDOAS with Energy RecoveryActive Chilled Beams on Secondary CW LoopOptimized Cooling Tower with 3.0 gpm/ton Flow
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Dedicated Outdoor Air System
100% Outside Air
75% Effective ERW
Chilled Water Coil, 44/54°F
SAT-DP to Overcome Zone Latent Loads
Fan Hp per ASHRAE 90.1-2004
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Dedicated Outdoor Air System
Must overcome zone latent load with primary supply air
Very important to maintain zone RH levels and minimize potential for condensation formation on chilled beams
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 18
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Dedicated Outdoor Air SystemDetermine DOAS Supply Air Dew Point Temperature (SAT-DP)
Select the cooling coil LAT to be cold/dry enough to limit zone RH to 50%
Use HAP “Hourly Zone Loads” Report
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Psychrometric Analysis
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110
78
910
11
1213
1415
1617
18
1920
2122
2324
2526
2728
2930
3132
3334
3536
3738
3940
4142
4344
4546
4748
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
1.000.950.900.85
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
SensibleHeatFactor
.000
.001
.002
.003
.004
.005
.006
.007
.008
.009
.010
.011
.012
.013
.014
.015
.016
.017
.018
.019
.020
.021
.022
.023
.024
.025
10% RELATIVE HUMIDITY
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%70
%80
%90
%
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0 VOLUME- CU.FT. PER LB. DRY AIR
14.5
0.1 Btu
0.2 Btu
0.3 Btu
0.4 Btu
-.02 B
tu
-.04 B
tu
-.06 B
tu
-.08 B
tu
-0.1 B
tu
-0.2 B
tu
-0.3
Btu -
Enth
alpy d
eviat
ion B
tu pe
r pou
nd of
dry a
ir
Dry-BulbTemperature F
Wet-BulbDewpoint orSaturationTemperature F
Pounds of moistureper pound of dry air
Grains of moistureper pound of dry air
Enthalpy at saturation, Btu per pound of dry air
Outdoor Air
After ERW
Cooling Coil
Reheat Coil
Zone Set Point
Zone Sensible
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 29.921 in. HG
PSYCHROMETRICCHARTNormal TemperatureI-P UnitsSEA LEVEL
Cooling Coil SAT-DP 47.2°F Dew Point
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
High sensible load capacity (offices, schools, computer rooms)Decouples ventilation load from room sensible + latent loads resulting in
better temperature control and fan energy savingsTypical supply air temperature is 64-65F exiting the chilled beam maximizing
occupant comfort. Conventional systems deliver cold air at 55F with the potential of creating drafts if poor mixing occurs
Constant volume ventilation air eliminates potential air dumping as compared to varying airflows in VAV system.
Reduced fan power requirements (100-250 CFM/ton)Increased ventilation effectiveness (1.0) due to the good mixing (high
induction ratio) of room air and supply airReduced plenum space required (units are ~12” tall), good for retrofit
applicationsEasily integrates with T-bar (false) ceilings
Some units incorporate fluorescent lighting fixtures and fire sprinkler heads
Chilled Beam ApplicationsChilled Beam Applications
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Active Chilled BeamInduction air current mixes room air with ventilation air.
Sensible cooling provided by chilled water coil.
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 19
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Active Chilled BeamInduction air current mixes room air with ventilation air.
Sensible cooling provided by chilled water coil.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Chilled Beam Cooling Saves EnergyChilled Beam Cooling Saves Energy
Tempered Ventilation Air.
Only Enough for ASHRAE 62.1 Requirements
Higher Temperature Chilled Water
for Room Sensible Cooling.
Maximizes Chiller
Efficiency
Induced Air Flow Minimized Fan
Energy, Ensures “No-Draft”Comfort
Excellent Heating
Capability with 2 or 4-Pipe
System
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Chilled Beam Air InductionChilled Beam Air Induction
Induced Air
Temperature profil Velocity profil
Cooling Coil
Supply Air Room Air
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Proposed System - Green Done Easy“The LEED® Platinum Solution”Proposed System - Green Done Easy“The LEED® Platinum Solution”Series Counter-Flow Chiller Plant with 23XVR ChillersPrimary Variable Speed Chilled Water Loop, with High Delta T 44/64°F Chilled WaterDOAS with Energy RecoveryActive Chilled Beams on Secondary CW Loop Controlled by Zone Dew Point SensorsOptimized Cooling Tower with 3.0 gpm/ton Flow and Low Approach Temperature
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 20
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Fourth Objective:
To understand how software applications evaluate the potential LEED Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1 points for the Green Done Easy system.
Fourth Objective:Fourth Objective:
To understand how software applications evaluate the potential LEED Energy and Atmosphere Credit 1 points for the Green Done Easy system.
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
PRM Method….What Is The Procedure?PRM Method….What Is The Procedure?
Grand Total
Non-HVAC Sub-Total
Misc. Fuel Use
Misc. Electric
Electric Equipment
Lights
HVAC Sub-Total
Cooling Tower Fans
Pumps
Heating
Cooling
Air System Fans
Proposed Building ($)Component
Table 1 – Annual Costs
Proposed Building Baseline Building(s)
0° Rotation (same as Proposed)
90° Rotation
180° Rotation
270° Rotation
Average Baseline
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)
Streamlined LEED EA Credit 1 Analysis• LEED NC 2.2 EA Credit 1 Summary Report. Imitates on-line submittal template. Eliminates hours of work!
• Automatic Duplicate Baseline Building - Places Proposed and Baseline buildings in a single project so the Credit 1 Summary Report can be generated. Saves time!
• Building Rotations - Automatically makes "Baseline 0, 90, 180, and 270 Degree" and all of its systems, plants, spaces, chillers, cooling towers and boilers. Less errors inputting data!
• Autosize DX and Plant Equipment. 115% and 125% equipment gross capacity. Faster analysis!
• DX Equipment Performance as EER or COP. Assesses EER or COP to determine compressor kW. Saves time!
• Baseline Fan kW Calculator - Sets the total fan kW for the system. No hand calculations!
• Fan Performance Defined as W/CFM and ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G VAV Fan Part-Load Curve. Faster analysis!
• Water Flow Rate Inputs as gpm/Ton or Delta-T. and Water Pump Performance as W/gpm or kW. No hand calculations!
• Plus more Wizards to make data entry faster!© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 21
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Determine LEED® Credit Points for Proposed BuildingDetermine LEED® Credit Points for Proposed Building
• EAc1 Points
• % Savings = $ 989,348 – $669,807 = 32.3 % $ 989,348
New Construction or Major Renovation
EA Credit Points
10.5% 114.0% 217.5% 321.0% 424.5% 528.0% 631.5% 735.0% 838.5% 942.0% 10
7 points!
Green Done Easy
Kwhr / year CO2 Reduction Energy SavingsNOx Reduction
$ 319,5412,287 lb1,936,972 lb1,760,883
44 F 54F 60 F
FL kW/ton IPLV kW/ton
0.576 0.5490.488 0.294
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Hydraulic Decoupler
(Bridge)
Primary Loop Variable Speed Secondary Loop
Cooling Tower
Flow Meter
Control Valve, sized for minimum chiller flow
Automatic Isolation Valves
Variable Speed Primary Pumps
Bypass
Incorporates into your existing designIncorporates into your existing design
© 2009 Carrier Corp.
Greenhouse Gas EmissionsGreenhouse Gas Emissions
[1] Average Annual Emissions and Fuel Consumption for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, Emission Facts, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA420-F-00-013, April 2000, Passenger Cars = 11,450 lbs CO2/year; 38.2 lbs NOx/year
It’s like taking…Over 170 cars off the road!
Eliminates over 970 tons of CO2
per year!
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009 22
Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009Copyright © Carrier Corp. 2009
Thank you!
Green Done Easyfor
LEED® Certification