Chapter 3

Federalism

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Federalism

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• Federalism – a system of government that divides sovereign power across at least two political units.

• Sovereign power – The amount of authority and autonomy given to each unit of government.

Federalism

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• Balancing state and federal powers– Congress can not create national drinking

age– Congress can withhold federal highway

funds from non-compliant states

Federalism

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• Basics of Federalism (sharing power)– State governments not responsible for

national defense or foreign policy– Federal government not responsible for

issues such as allowing smoking in bars or restaurants

Federalism

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Unitary versus Federal Systems

• Unitary more common

• Federal can be more complicated– Issues of division

of power

• Unitary is more centralized

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Balancing National and State Power in the Constitution

• Concepts supporting a stronger national government– Preamble to the Constitution– Necessary and Proper Clause– Supremacy Clause– Enumerated Powers– Privileges and Immunities clause

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Balancing National and State Power in the Constitution

• Concepts supporting stronger state governments– Tenth Amendment– Eleventh Amendment– Full Faith and Credit Clause

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The Evolving Concept of Federalism

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Cooperative Federalism

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Coercive Federalism

• Need for strong national government– Crises and war– Civil rights– Coercive federalism

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The States Fight Back

• States have fought for both progressive and conservative causes

• Competitive federalism is one result

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State Powers and Limits on National Power

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Fighting for States’ Rights: The Role of the Modern Supreme Court

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Fighting for States’ Rights: The Role of the Modern Supreme Court

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Other Revived States’ Rights Strategies

• Eleventh Amendment: Prevents lawsuits against states

• Fourteenth Amendment: As interpreted, limits “remedial legislation”

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Spending by State

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States vs. Poverty

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Per-Capita Income by State

VERSIONS OF FEDERALISM

LAYER CAKE

PICKET FENCEMARBLE CAKE

COERCIVE

NATIONAL

STATE

LOCAL

VERSIONS OF FEDERALISM: POP QUIZ!

1. Which of the following best describes the system in the United States in the 1800s?

a. layer cake federalismb. marble cake federalismc. picket fence federalismd. coercive federalisme. none of the above

VERSIONS OF FEDERALISM: POP QUIZ!

1. Which of the following best describes the system in the United States in the 1800s?

a. layer cake federalismb. marble cake federalismc. picket fence federalismd. coercive federalisme. none of the above

VERSIONS OF FEDERALISM: POP QUIZ!

2. Requiring all states to comply with the Motor Voter Act is an example of which version of federalism?

a. layer cake federalismb. marble cake federalismc. picket fence federalismd. coercive federalisme. none of the above

VERSIONS OF FEDERALISM: POP QUIZ!

2. Requiring all states to comply with the Motor Voter Act is an example of which version of federalism?

a. layer cake federalismb. marble cake federalismc. picket fence federalismd. coercive federalisme. none of the above

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The role of the national government has changed significantly from the Founding Era to the present. Do you think the framers of the U.S. Constitution would be pleased with the current balance of power between the national government and state governments?

a) Yes

b) No

Public Opinion Poll

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Public Opinion Poll

Considering the current distribution of power and authority between the federal government and state and local governments, what do you believe we should do?

a) Provide the federal government with more power and authority

b) Provide state and local governments with more power and authority

c) Maintain the current distribution of power and authority between the federal government and state and local governments

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Which level of government do you believe is best able to protect the liberty, equality, and rights of its citizens?

a) State and local government

b) Federal government

Public Opinion Poll

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Do you believe the issue of same-sex marriage should be decided at the state level or the national level?

a) State level

b) National level

Public Opinion Poll

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Do you feel the federal government or state and local governments are better able to ensure that all children receive a high-quality education?

a) Federal government

b) State and local governments

Public Opinion Poll

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In the coming years, do you believe the power and authority of the federal government will increase, remain the same, or decrease?

a) Increase

b) Remain the same

c) Decrease

Public Opinion Poll

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Chapter 3: Federalism

• Practice quizzes

• Flashcards

• Outlines

wwnorton.com/studyspace

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Following this slide, you will find additional slides with photos, figures, and captions from the textbook.

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Federalism

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Federal and State/Local Government Spending, 1946-2011

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Federalism

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Federalism

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Federalism

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Federalism

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Federal and State/Local Government Spending

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Federalism

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Federalism

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National and State Responsibilities

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The Evolution of Federalism

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Early Landmark Supreme Court Decisions on Federalism

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Recent Important Supreme Court Decisions on Federalism