Seeing is Believing: Encouraging Adoption of Rice Technologies through Frontline

Demonstrations in India

Dr. Shaik N.MeeraFederal Coordinator

Frontline Demonstrations on Rice – IndiaPresentation made at 4th International Rice Congress

Bangkok 2014

Demonstrate what?

Improvements Innovation

Cafeteria of options?

One FLD – many stakeholders

Aligning Technologies… to suit to farmers needs

About FLDs on Rice

Since 1990

Planning and coordinated by DRR

Implementation by AICRIP Centres

Macro-management scheme / National Food Security Mission of Federal Government of India

FLDs on Rice

Objectives

To demonstrate improved Crop Production Technologies of Rice on the farmers’ fields;

To popularize the newly notified and improved varieties/technologies for varietal diversification and efficient management of resources.

To bring synergy among planners, researchers, farmers and industry for parable interface through seminars/symposium on emerging themes of importance in the field of rice production for deciding strategies for development of these crops.

Financial Support

S. No.

Component Support per ha. USD

1 Cost of critical inputs (seeds/ fertilizers/manures/PP chemicals/ herbicides)to supplement the cultivation charges 112.50

2 Organization of Field Day 5.003 Display board and publicity material

(posters/pamphlets/leaflets etc.) 2.504 Visit of scientists excluding TA/DA, but

hiring of Taxi/POL etc 3.335 Contingencies/typing of results/ minutes etc 1.67

Total 125.00

Operational Flow Chart

SITE SELECTION

FLD FARMERS

CRITICAL INPUTS

TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION

FLDIN FARMERS’ FIELD

Funding AgencyMinistry of Agriculture

Govt. of India

DRR- ICAR

FLD COOPERATING CENTRE

SCIENTIST/ SUBJECT MATTER SPECIALIST

STATE DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE

PLANNING POLICY

TECHNOLOGY REFINEMENT

Repo

rting

Input suppliesCoordination

CON

STRA

INTS

FE

EDBA

CK

FEED

BAC

KFLDs on Rice

FLD Components

Identification of field problems

Plan FLDs– Farmers Participated – Extension Facilitated

Regular Visits

Well designed field boards

Club field days with field trips

HarvestQ & A and FGD

Scaling up

Documentation

FLDs on Rice: Reach

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Total0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

3000

700 622 700 300 600 600 485

70077500

1950 1555 17501000

1650 1663 1250

18318

Number of FLDs Number of Farmers benefitted

How many FLDs were conducted in each ecology

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

303

241

295.7

159.9

319 315

266

219 218.3

93.1

548054

128

35 42

169

7535

0 10 0 10 027

912

0 0 015 25

0 5 015

Irrigated Upland Shallow LowlandCoastal Midlands/ Saline Deep Water Hills & OthersSaline Flood prone

Mean Yield (t/ha)

Ecosystem 2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Irrigated 5.54 6.21 5.09 5.70 6.08 6.26 5.54Upland 4.21 4.06 4.27 4.43 4.81 5.53 4.12Shallow Lowland 4.46 5.04 4.69 4.52 4.79 4.85 4.48

Coastal Midlands/ Saline

5.035.05

4.5 5.12

Deep Water 4.13 4.01 7.03Hills & Others 5.14 2.86 5.12 4.5Saline 5.05Flood prone 4.78

Mean Yield Advantage (t/ha)

Ecosystem 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14Irrigated 16.63 20.11 11.80 19.34 15.47 28.45 24.25Upland 11.50 36.24 14.32 25.47 23.43 4.33 31.34Shallow Lowland 30.07 28.57 21.90 39.10 24.44 31.11 33.16Coastal Midlands/ Saline

33.18 43.05 59.52 83.77

Deep Water 11.42 38.27 14.98 2120Hills & Others 24.75 30.15 44.04 36.54Saline 13.69Flood prone 38.95

Problem addressed – Solutions provided

Problems addressed Percent

Yield advantage 79.7

Biotic stress 3.6

Abiotic stress 2.2

Nutrient Management 2.9

Weed Management 1.1

Organic farming 1.1

Resource Conservation 4.2

Labour saving technologies 4.2

Others 1.0

Total 100.0

Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Total0

50

100

150

200

250

31 28 27 30 25 27 33

201

Number of Promising Technologies

Number of Promising Technologies

Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up

Year Some of the promising technologies

2006-07 PA-6444, PA-6129, PA-6201, Pusa RH -10, PHB-71, MTU 1001, MTU 1010, Jalashree, Gitesh, Jalkunwari, Prafulla, Improved management of saline soils

2007-08 PHB-71, CO RH-3, Karjat-5, KRH-2, Thanu, Shalimar Rice 1, Rajendra Mahsuri-1, Barani Deep, NDR 97, Vasumathi, NDRH-2, HUR 3022, SRI, Birsa Dhan 1, Birsamati, PA 6444, Shanti, Triguna, Krishnahamsa, Indira Sugandhit, Danteshwari, Indira sona, Geetesh, Use of plastic drum seeder, CO RH 3

2008-09 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Anjali, vandhana, Gitesh, Jalashree, Rajendra Sweta, Shalimar Rice- 1, PA 6444, Abhishek, Dhanrasi, KRH-4, Naveen + ICM, VL Dhan 85, NDR 2026, Nutrient management, Weed management, Organic farming, Plastic drum seeder

Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled upYear Some of the promising technologies

2009-10 Krishna Hamsa, Lugnilaphou, Rajendra Kasturi, Indira Sona, Sampada, Shalimar Rice -1, Pusa Sugandh-3, Anjali, Abhishek, BR 2655, Thanu, CoRH-3, Co (R) 48, PHB 71, HUR 105, Bidhan-1, NDR 8002, Direct wet seeding

2010-11 Improved Samba Mahsuri, CARI Dhan 5, Gayatri, Akshaydhan, CSR 27, GAR-13, Pusa Sugandh 3, Anjali, DRRH-2, PA 6444, BR 2655, MGD 101,PS5, RC Maniphou – 10, CO ( R ) 48, CO ( R ) 50, Narendra Usar Dhan 2008, PHB 71, HUR 105, VL Dhan 85, VL Dhan 65, Direct wet seeding using plastic drum seeder, SRI, Line transplanting, Mechanical Paddy transplanting

2011-12 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Indira Sona, Naveen, GR-12, DRRH-3, Pusa Sughandh-3, Rajendra Mahsuri, PA 6444, CR Dhan 40, Raksha, Akshayadhan, Danteswari, PS3, Karjat – 7, RC maniphou-11, CORH3, HUBR 2-1, PHB 71,Vallabh Basmati-22, VL Dhan 65, SRI, 8 row self propelled paddy transplanter

Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up

Year Some of the promising technologies

2012-13 MTU 1075, Rajalaxmi, Chakralahi, Gitesh, Indira Sona, Indira Barani Dhan-1, GAR-1, SJR-5, Shalimar Rice-3 , Direct seeded Sahbhagidhan, CR Dhan-40, SIRI 1253, KRH 4 + SRI, KRH 4+ ICM, KRH Seed Production, Naveen, Karjat-7, RC Maniphou-11, HUR 105, HUR 46005, CO(R) 50, CORH 3, TRC 2005-1, Pratiksha, Problem Soil Management, SRI , Machine Transplanting, IPM in Rice

2013-14 MTU 1064 (Amara), Krishna, Indira Sona, KRH-3, HPR 1068, Palam Basmati 1, SJR-5, PHB 71, Sahbhagi dhan, CR Dhan 40, Abhisek, KRH 4, KRH 4 + drum seeding, KRH 4 + SRI, GGV-05-01, PS 5, RCManiphou10, Ajaya, Rajlaxmi, Mandakini, CO (R) 50 , Rice CO 51, TRC 2005-1 (Gomati Dhan), HUR-105 under INM, Shiats Dhan -1, VL Dhan 87, VL Dhan 82 ,Swarna sub1, Sabour Surbhit under SRI, Mechanical Transplanting, Mechanized paddy transplanters with ICM, Problem soil management, Nitrogen Management through use of leaf color chart

Linking Demonstrations to Market Size: Hybrid Rice Seeds sold in tonnes

Source: Singh et al. 2010. “Quality Seed For Food Security through PPP: Focus on Hybrid Rice”. A presentation made at the “National Seminar on- Quality Seed for Food Security through Public- Private Partnership”. 13-14 April 2010, IARI, New Delhi

2006 2007 2008 20090

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

700 900 900 90010001300

16002100

2500

3600

5500

7500

450700

12001500

8001300 1400

2000

250 350 400 500

Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Orissa Bihar Jharkhand Gujarat Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Karnataka West Bengal Assam

Meta analysis of FLDs:ProfitabilitySustainabilityContinued adoptionPeer Extension

Yield Gap Analysis

Indi

ra S

ona

DRRH

-3

PA 6

444

DRRH

-3

PA 6

444

PHB

71

DRRH

-3

Chhat -tisgarh

Gujarat Jharkhand Karnataka Uttar Pradesh

-20.00

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

50.78

17.71

-2.61-10.68

0.16

31.0023.9624.46 20.16

88.24

1.64

27.08 2516.6

Yield Gap-IYield Gap-II

Indira Sona PA-6444, KRH-2 KRH-2 CORH 3 PHB 71 NDRH-2Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Karnataka Puducherry Uttar Pradesh

-20.00

-10.00

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.0073.47

0.16

54.81

-6.33

20.83

0.77

13.88

66.21

30.24

14.49

28.532.87 32.7 Yield Gap-I

Yield Gap-II

2011

2007

Implications from FLDs on Hybrid Rice

Focus of FLDs 2013-14

Abiotic Stress (Submergence)MTU 1064

Improving field productivity

Solving local problemsProblem soil management

Multi variety green manuring

Labour scarcityMachine transplanting

Drum seeding

Replacing local varieties in tribal areasCo ( R ) 50

Consumer preferences RC Maniphou - 10

2013-14 What did we try to address

Andhra Pradesh

Glimpses

Mechanical TransplantingMTU 1064

DSR

Chhattisgarh

Glimpses

Indira Sona

Jammu & Kashmir

Glimpses

PHB71Bispyribac

Jharkhand

Glimpses

CR Dhan 40Abhishek

Glimpses

Himachal PradeshHPR 1156

Palam Basmathi

Karnataka

Glimpses

KRH 4Mugad siri Organic

Glimpses

Madhya PradeshPS 5

Manipur

Glimpses

RC Maniphou 10

Odisha

Glimpses

AjayaRajlakshmiMandakini

Tamil Nadu

Dr. Robin, Department of Rice, TNAU, Coimbatore

CO R 50CORH 4

Tripura

Glimpses

Gomati Dhan

Uttar Pradesh

Dr. RP Singh; Dr. VK Srivastava – BHU VaranasiDr G Suresh Babu – AAI Allahabad

HUBR 10-9SHIATS Dhan-1

ISM

What did we learn ?FLDs on Rice

For an effective delivery strategy…..you need to answer 5 questions

Question 1FLDs on Rice

Whether mere Yield Advantages will lead to large scale adoption?

Addressing Profitability Issues

Micro level productivity- Macro level production

Institutional mechanism?

Question 2FLDs on Rice

Single plot Demonstrations lead to Conviction?

Cluster approach

Village /block/district level

Linking with private sector demonstrations

How to rope in more stakeholders?

Single hybrid demonstration to cafeteria of hybrids

Question 3FLDs on Rice

Scaling up options are adequate?

Follow up

Informing stakeholders OR Involving stakeholders

Pre-scaling up activities

Impact Indicators

Capacity building

Question 4FLDs on Rice

Prescriptive or Participatory Demonstrations ?

Resources – Test – Demonstrate- Adopt Model

Irrigated Vs Rainfed

Purpose of Rice Farming

Method of crop establishment

Ratio of farm wage – paddy price

Question 5FLDs on Rice

How to make learning effective using ICTs?

SMS Based Seed Stock Inventory System

Capturing videos – process demonstration

Demonstrations Mobile Video Conference

Participatory Video Production

Advisory services Mobile Alerts

Community Radio

Mobile Rural Forum

Existing Extension system

Exposure visit

Virtual Tours

CD DVD Players

FLDs on Rice

So what next?Transforming FLDs...

1

• Management practices & result areas under the different crop management

areas are interdependent & interrelated. They have a combined impact on yield,

grain quality, & environmental outcome.

Holistic, integrated crop management

Seed & variety selection

Land preparationCrop

establishment

Nutrient management

Pest management

Water management

Harvest management

Transforming FLDs into Ricecheck Program

India Rice Check program…Piloting AP

Acknowledgements

Ministry of Agriculture, Government of IndiaDr. JS SandhuDr. MC DiwakarDr. DP Mallik

Dr. V. Ravindra Babu, Director DRRDr. BC Viraktamath, Former Director DRR

ICAR institutes, SAUs, KVKs and Departments of Agriculture

FLD farmers

Dr. Noel Magor, Head, TC, IRRI

All those directly or indirectly connected with FLD program

FLD data is available online

www.fld.rkmp.co.in

Thank you