Features of earth`s surface
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Transcript of Features of earth`s surface
The crust is a layer of rock on the outer surface of Earth . The crust covers all of Earth. The crust has different shapes, like mountains, hills, and valleys. Landform is a solid feature of Earth`s crust.
Landforms
Landforms are constantly changing.
Changes happen quickly. During landslides, rocks and earth move rapidly down a slope.
Changes happen slowly. Mountains can take millions of years to form.
Butte landform
Bodies of water are another type of feature found on Earth`s surface.
Moving water is one of many forces that can shape landforms.
Features on Earth`s Surface
Rivers can act like saws, cutting through rock.
Flooding rivers deposit sediments on their banks.
Ocean waves break apart rocks and move sand.
Glacier is a large, moving body of ice. It forms in cold places where snow and ice pile up year after year. It slowly moves downhill.
Glacier
Valley is a low, narrow area between hills or mountains. Rivers and glaciers can cut valleys into the land.
Valley
Plateau is a plain that is higher than the land around it.
Plateau
Volcano is an opening in Earth`s crust. Pressure inside Earth can force hot, melted rock up through the volcano.
Volcano
Mountain is a landform high above the land around it. Some mountains form when blocks of rock are pushed up or drop down along cracks in Earth`s crust.
Mountain
Lake forms when the flow of water slows enough to fill an area.
Lake
Hill is a high place on Earth`s surface, but not as high as a mountain. Hills often have rounded tops.
Hill
Plain is a large, mostly flat area.
Plain
River is a large natural stream of water.
River
The coast is land next to the ocean. The movement of ocean water helps shape the coastline.
Coast
The ocean is the salt water that covers almost three-fourths of Earth`s surface.
Ocean
Rapid changes to Earth`s
surface
Mantle is the layer below Earth`s crust from which volcanoes begin.
Magma forms is the melted rock.
Volcanoes
Magma collects in a pocket called a magma chamber. Magma pushes up through weak spots in the crust. Magma erupts through a bowl- shaped crater. Lava is the magma that flows onto Earth`s surface. The lava cools and hardens,
forming igneous rock.
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Flowing lava can burn everything in its path.
4 Lava 3 Crater
2 magma pushes upward crust
1 Magma chamber
Earthquakes
Earth`s crust is broken into large sections or parts. These parts move very slowly. Sometimes parts of the crust can shift suddenly. The sudden shift can send vibrations through Earth. These vibrations may shake the ground in all directions.
Most earthquakes happen along faults, or large cracks in the crust.An Earthquake`s shaking can make new cracks appear in Earth`s surface. It can also cause landslides.
