FCS-FNL-5. Students will explain the FCS-FNL-5. Students will explain the nutritional requirements of the stages nutritional requirements of the stages of childhoodof childhood

a. Analyze the causes, treatment, and a. Analyze the causes, treatment, and prevention of childhood obesity. prevention of childhood obesity.

b. Evaluate a school nutrition program b. Evaluate a school nutrition program for meeting the nutritional needs at for meeting the nutritional needs at different stages of childhood and different stages of childhood and determine and recommend any needed determine and recommend any needed changes to the program. changes to the program.

c. Investigate nutrients that may pose c. Investigate nutrients that may pose problems in the diet and evaluate the problems in the diet and evaluate the use of dietary supplements in early use of dietary supplements in early childhood. childhood.

d. Identify children at nutritional risk.d. Identify children at nutritional risk.

Do you have memories Do you have memories like this?like this?

Bill Cosby tells Rudy she will “sit there Bill Cosby tells Rudy she will “sit there until she eats the vegetables”until she eats the vegetables”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWjD5jakJNkv=OWjD5jakJNk

Do you have memories of your parents Do you have memories of your parents “making” you eat your vegetables?“making” you eat your vegetables?

Now that you are older, do you understand Now that you are older, do you understand why they wanted you to do this?why they wanted you to do this?

Do you think that you will make your future Do you think that you will make your future children “sit there until they eat the children “sit there until they eat the vegetables”?vegetables”?

CHILDHOOD OBESITYCHILDHOOD OBESITY Children who are obese are more likely Children who are obese are more likely

to suffer from type 2 diabetes, to suffer from type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases(CVD) and other chronic diseases

Childhood obesity can affect a child’s Childhood obesity can affect a child’s self-esteem and self-conceptself-esteem and self-concept

Characteristics of COCharacteristics of CO– Non-European descentNon-European descent– Family history of type 2 diabetesFamily history of type 2 diabetes– Low family incomeLow family income– Eat when they are not hungryEat when they are not hungry– Watch excessive amounts of TVWatch excessive amounts of TV– Sedentary lifestylesSedentary lifestyles– Parents who are obeseParents who are obese

CHILDHOOD OBESITYCHILDHOOD OBESITY Treatment/PreventionTreatment/Prevention

– Appropriate food portionsAppropriate food portions– Setting regular mealtimesSetting regular mealtimes– Nutritious snacks Nutritious snacks – Limiting high sugar/high fat foodsLimiting high sugar/high fat foods– Parents set a good exampleParents set a good example– Physical activityPhysical activity– Slow down eatingSlow down eating– Limiting TV timeLimiting TV time– Parents should not use food as a Parents should not use food as a

reward/punishmentreward/punishment

???? Land???? Land Design your own HEALTHY version of the Design your own HEALTHY version of the

classic children’s game “Candy Land”classic children’s game “Candy Land” The object of the game is to advance to a The object of the game is to advance to a

healthy life by avoiding factors that contribute healthy life by avoiding factors that contribute to obesity, as well as making healthy food to obesity, as well as making healthy food choiceschoices

Include in your game ways to prevent obesityInclude in your game ways to prevent obesity– Examples could include:Examples could include:

Eat an apple, advance one spaceEat an apple, advance one space Play outside for 30 minutes, advance two spacesPlay outside for 30 minutes, advance two spaces Eat a candy bar and drink a coke for lunch, lose a turnEat a candy bar and drink a coke for lunch, lose a turn

Include the “bad guys” of obesity and the Include the “bad guys” of obesity and the “good guys” of healthy nutrition“good guys” of healthy nutrition– Examples could includeExamples could include

Harry HypertensionHarry Hypertension Dungeon of DiabetesDungeon of Diabetes Bouncing Broccoli Bouncing Broccoli

SCHOOL NUTRITIONSCHOOL NUTRITION School nutrition for childhood usually School nutrition for childhood usually

starts at the preschool years and starts at the preschool years and continues through sixth gradecontinues through sixth grade

It is important to remember that sweets It is important to remember that sweets should be limited in a nutritious diet; should be limited in a nutritious diet; nutrient-rich foods should be used to nutrient-rich foods should be used to satisfy hungersatisfy hunger

Children develop tastes for certain foods Children develop tastes for certain foods at an early age and the eating habits at an early age and the eating habits and attitudes children learn are likely to and attitudes children learn are likely to last a lifetimelast a lifetime

SCHOOL NUTRITIONSCHOOL NUTRITION School lunches must follow the Dietary School lunches must follow the Dietary

Guidelines Guidelines – Recommended that no more than 30 percent Recommended that no more than 30 percent

of an individual's calories come from fat and of an individual's calories come from fat and less than 10 percent from saturated fat. less than 10 percent from saturated fat.

Provide 1/3 of the Recommended Dietary Provide 1/3 of the Recommended Dietary Allowances of protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin Allowances of protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, iron, calcium, and calories.C, iron, calcium, and calories.

Must meet Federal nutrition Must meet Federal nutrition requirements, but decisions about what requirements, but decisions about what specific foods to serve and how they are specific foods to serve and how they are prepared are made by local school food prepared are made by local school food authorities.authorities.

http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/lunch/AboutLunch/NSLPFactSheet.pdfhttp://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/lunch/AboutLunch/NSLPFactSheet.pdf

SCHOOL NUTRITIONSCHOOL NUTRITION The 2006 Child Nutrition Act mandated The 2006 Child Nutrition Act mandated

that every school district that that every school district that participates in Federally funded meal participates in Federally funded meal programs develop a School Wellness programs develop a School Wellness PolicyPolicy– The policy includes rules on vending The policy includes rules on vending

machines, competitive food items, and machines, competitive food items, and nutrition education nutrition education

Play Clip from Super Size Me

Childs Menu and Aesthetic ValuesChilds Menu and Aesthetic Values

Food Food ItemItem

ColorColor TexturTexturee

SizeSize ShapeShape Temp.Temp.

Pan Pan CakeCake

Or. JuiceOr. Juice

SausageSausage

Choc Choc MilkMilk

ToastToast

Childs Menu and Aesthetic ValuesChilds Menu and Aesthetic Values

Food Food ItemItem

ColorColor TexturTexturee

SizeSize ShapeShape Temp.Temp.

Pan Pan CakeCake

BrownBrown SoftSoft MediuMediumm

CircleCircle WarmWarm

Or. JuiceOr. Juice OrangeOrange LiquidLiquid MediuMediumm

CircleCircle ColdCold

SausageSausage BrownBrown SoftSoft SmallSmall CircleCircle WarmWarm

Choc Choc MilkMilk

BrownBrown LiquidLiquid MediuMediumm

CircleCircle ColdCold

ToastToast BrownBrown CrunchCrunchyy

MediuMediumm

SquareSquare WarmWarmSummary: Color is mostly brown…more colors could be used. Texture is mostly soft or liquid…Shapes and sizes should be varied

NUTRIENT ISSUES and NUTRIENT ISSUES and DIETARY SUPPLEMENTSDIETARY SUPPLEMENTS

Common nutrient deficienciesCommon nutrient deficiencies– Protein, energy, vitamin A, iron, and Protein, energy, vitamin A, iron, and

zinczinc In the U.S., these deficiencies usually go In the U.S., these deficiencies usually go

unnoticedunnoticed

– Iron deficiency seems to be the most Iron deficiency seems to be the most common of the above common of the above

Anemia can result from this deficiencyAnemia can result from this deficiency Iron supplements should only be Iron supplements should only be

suggested by a physician suggested by a physician – Iron toxicity (through ingesting too many iron Iron toxicity (through ingesting too many iron

pills) is the leading cause of poisoningpills) is the leading cause of poisoning

CHILDREN AT CHILDREN AT NUTRITIONAL RISKNUTRITIONAL RISK

Both parents work irregular schedules Both parents work irregular schedules – Children need a regular meal scheduleChildren need a regular meal schedule

Feeling tired or cranky from hunger will affect their Feeling tired or cranky from hunger will affect their appetitesappetites

Low income familiesLow income families– Healthy food costs more and children need Healthy food costs more and children need

HEALTHY snacksHEALTHY snacks Their stomachs are small, but their energy levels Their stomachs are small, but their energy levels

are high and they are not able to eat enough at are high and they are not able to eat enough at dinner time to satisfy the needdinner time to satisfy the need

Parents/Family have history of obesity or Parents/Family have history of obesity or chronic diseasechronic disease

Children who have food allergies or Children who have food allergies or intolerancesintolerances

CHILDREN AT CHILDREN AT NUTRITIONAL RISKNUTRITIONAL RISK

Sometimes children Sometimes children go through go through food food jagsjags, or wanting one , or wanting one food for a whilefood for a while– They usually don’t They usually don’t

last very long, keep last very long, keep introducing new foodsintroducing new foods

Make sure mealtime Make sure mealtime is pleasant, serve is pleasant, serve colorful foods, small colorful foods, small servings, ask them servings, ask them to help cook, let to help cook, let them help fix their them help fix their plateplate