FC.53 EARLY CHINA AND THE PATTERN OF ITS HISTORY(c.1500-500 B.C.E.) Prosperous soc. until neglectful...
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Transcript of FC.53 EARLY CHINA AND THE PATTERN OF ITS HISTORY(c.1500-500 B.C.E.) Prosperous soc. until neglectful...
FC.53 EARLY CHINA AND THE PATTERN OF ITS HISTORY(c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over & revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. civ.Combining priestly &
polit. roles No separate priest class
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads
across E. Asia
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irregular & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.
Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)Confucianism & Taoism along w/ Buddhism complement
each other & provide balance to Ch. civ.
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly
developed bronze
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028 B.C.E.) Follow cycle of Ch. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.) (FC.54)
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Baskets of rice seeds await their initial planting as workers prepare a muddy field in the South during February.
Women transplant the rice shoots in neat rows in a rice paddy some 25 days after their initial planting.
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Confucianism
• Based upon duty and 5 Basic Relationships
• Man is inherently good (or least can be led to goodness)
• Seek social harmony in this world
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Daoism – “The Way”• The Dao is all• All is relative: Yin &
Yang• Non-action: do
nothing to oppose the Dao
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.
Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)
AFC.53 CHINA FROM THE SHANG DYNASTY TO CONFUCIUS (c.1500-500 B.C.E.)
Prosperous soc. until neglectful emp’s take over
Corruption, High taxes & loss of peasant lands Army is neglected & Great Wall not maintained
Energetic new dynasty, often semi-civilized nomads, takes over revives ChinaLower taxes, redistribute land to peasants
& restore irrigation & flood controlRestore govt. & civil
service exam system Restore army & the
Great Wall
Shang Dyn. (c.1500-1028 B.C.E.) Sev. developments in Ch. Civ.
Ideographic writing Chinese Civ. spreads across E. Asia
Silk textiles, carved jade & highly developed bronze
Peasant revolts Raids & invasions
Central government steadily weakens
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
Hydraulic civ. evolves in Huang He River Valley after 2000 B.C.E.
Mts., jungles, steppe, & ocean isolate China Feels it is
unique & superior “Middle Kgd”
Irreg. & massive floods Major irrig. & flood control projects
Strong central govt.
Most fertile land is in E. 1/3 of China Pop. concentrated in E. River valleys
Mandate of Heaven justifies
good dyn’s & rev. vs. bad dyn’s
N. Nomads est. Zhou dyn. (1028-256 B.C.E.) Follows cycle of Chin. history “Age of Warring States” (481-221 B.C.E.)
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Intellectual ferment due to changes in Ch. soc. 2 new philosophies Confucianism: Harmony in soc.
requires strictly defined relationships based on rigid hierarchy
Taoism: Harmony in life requires natural balance & flow b/w
passive/female Yin & active/male Yang
RECURRING CYCLE OF CHINESE HISTORY
Heavy infl. on civil serv. exam system & soc.
Heavy infl. on Ch. medicine & art (esp. landscapes)Confucianism & Taoism along w/ Buddhism complement
each other & provide balance to Ch. civ.