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Transcript of Fauzi Ahmad X-2_Project tics
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Project Informatics
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Teacher: Mr.Oliver Fiorentino
Project informatics
(The dangers of smoking)Oleh / Name :
Fauzi AhmadKelas/ Class:
X-2
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Table of Contents1 ROKOK (Smoke) ............................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Dangers of smoking to the health of our bodies .................................................................... 3
1.2 Toxic substances that contained in the Smoking and its Impact ............................................ 4
1.2.1 Tar ................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2.2 Nicotine ........................................................................................................................... 4
1.2.3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Some Research About Smoking .............................................................................................. 5
1.4 Obstacle .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.5 How to Overcome Existing Problems ...................................................................................... 6
1.6 TOBACCO CHARGES FACT ....................................................................................................... 7
1.6.1 CONSUMPTION ............................................................................................................... 7
1.6.2 HEALTH CONSEQUENCES ................................................................................................ 8
1.6.3 COST TO THE COMMUNITY ............................................................................................. 8
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Teacher: Mr.Oliver Fiorentino
1 ROKOK (Smoke)
Humans have a variety of habits. Starting from exercising, reading,
writing, composing, and so on. Among the many human habits, there is one humanhabit that is very detrimental to their health. Surprisingly, bad habits are often
carried out by our society, namely the habit of smoking.
Smoking itself is not considered taboo by our society, even though that
do this are children who are still attending school. This is very alarming, because
as we know that in tobacco there are many toxic substances that would
interfere with our body's health.
For that with the establishment of this paper is expected to be conscious
citizens and immediately leave or reduce their habits are not good. Because
after the health impact of smoking for the perpetrator (active smokers) and
the health of people exposed to cigarette smoke exposure of active smokers
(passive smokers) are very large, because the toxic substances contained
therein.
1.1 Dangers of smoking to the health of our bodies
Smoking is an object that is familiar to us. Smoking has become a habit
that is very common and widespread in the community. Dangers of smoking to
health body has been investigated and proved a lot of people. Adverse effects
of smoking were already clearly known. Many studies have shown cigarette
smoking increases the risk of various diseases such as heart disease and blood
vessel disorders, lung cancer, oral cancer, laryngeal cancer, cancer osefagus,
bronchitis, high blood pressure, impotence and disorders of pregnancy and
defects in the fetus.
In fact, the smoking habits die hard and people are rarely recognized as a
bad habit. Moreover, people who smoke to distract themselves from emotional
stress and pressure, is more difficult to break away from this habit than
smokers who do not have a background of depression.
Recent research also shows the dangers of cigarette smoke second hand
smoke is inhaled by people for non-smokers around smokers or can be referredto as passive smokers. Cigarettes can not be separated from the raw materials
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Teacher: Mr.Oliver Fiorentino
of manufacture which is tobacco. In Indonesia, clove and tobacco plus other
ingredients are mixed to be made clove cigarettes. In addition to tobacco
Cigarettes can also be used as a hand-rolled cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, pipe
tobacco and tobacco smokeless (chewing tobacco).
From day to day the number of smokers increasing.This is whatwill make a
great havocto the health ofour bodies.
1.2 Toxic substances that contained in the Smoking and its Impact
As we know in cigarette smoke which is inhaled by the smoker, not lessthan 4000 toxic chemicals. These chemicals are released is composed of gas
components (85 percent) and particles. Nicotine, carbon monoxide gas, nitrogen
oxides, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, acrolein, acetylene, benzaldehid, urethan,
benzene, methanol, coumarin, 4-etilkatekol, ortokresol and perylene is some of
thousands of substances in cigarettes. But among the substances - substances
that are mentioned earlier, there are three of the most dangerous substances
contained in a cigarette. Substance - a substance that is:
1.2.1 TarThese harmful substances in the form of concentrated impurities that
can clog and irritate the lungs - pulmonary and respiratory systems, causing
chronic bronchitis, emphysema and in some cases cause lung cancer - lung
(deadly disease virtually unknown by those who never smoked). Toxins chemistry
in Tar can also seep into the bloodstream and then excreted in urine. Tar
remaining in the bladder can also cause bladder cancer. In addition Tar
penetrate the bloodstream and reduces the ability of cells - red blood cells to
carry oxygen throughout the body, so that very large effects on the circulatory
system.
1.2.2 NicotineIs a substance that can be addictive and affects the nervous system,
accelerate the heart rate (exceeding the normal rate), thereby increasing the
risk of heart disease . moreover this substance most frequently discussed and
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researched people, because it can poison the body's nerves, increases blood
pressure, cause constriction of peripheral blood vessels and cause addiction and
dependence on the wearer. Levels of 4-6 mg of nicotine that is inhaled by adults
every day can make a person addicted. In addition the Nicotine plays a role in
starting the tooth supporting tissue disease because nicotine can be absorbed
by the oral soft tissues including the gums through the bloodstream and the
attachment of gum to the tooth surface and roots. Nicotine can be found on the
surface of the tooth root and the results kontinin metabolites can be found in
the liquid gum.
1.2.3 Carbon Monoxide (CO)
These substances can penetrate the bloodstream and reduces the abilityof cells - red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body, so that very
large effects on the circulatory system darah.Selain that facilitate the buildup
of carbon monoxide substances - substances plug the arteries, which can cause
heart attacks fatal but it can also cause disturbances of blood circulation in the
lastfoot .and the Efect make women smokers are more at risk (than female non-
smokers) have harmful side effects when taking oral contraceptives (birth
control pills). Because that is why the obstetrician (gynecologist) generally
reluctant to give birth control pills in women who smoke.
1.3 Some Research About SmokingAccording to the Minister of Health of Indonesia Year 2004Mr Dr.
AchmadSujudi, smoking in Indonesia tends to increase. Based Susenas (National
Social Economic Survey) of Indonesia's population aged adults who have a habit
of smoking as much as 31.6%. With the large number and high percentage of
residents who have the habit of smoking, Indonesia is the fifth highest
consumer of cigarettes in the world by the number of cigarettes consumed
(burned) in 2002 as many as 182 billion cigarettes each year after the
People's Republic of China (1.697.291 billion), United States (463.504
billion), Russia (375,000 billion) and Japan (299,085 billion).
Moreover, in a report recently issued WHO entitled "Tobacco and
Poverty: A Vicious Cycle or Tobacco and Poverty: A Circle of Satan" in
commemoration of World No Tobacco Day on May 31, 2004, proves thatsmokers are the most impoverished communities . Even in developed countries
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though, the number of smokers ever come from grassroots groups. They also
have health and economic burden brunt of cigarette addiction. Of the estimated
1.3 billion smokers worldwide, 84% of them in countries - developing countries.
The study also found that the largest number of smokers in Madras,
India actually comes from illiterate communities. Then other research proves
that the poorest groups in Bangladesh spend almost 10 times earnings for
tobacco than for educational needs. Past research in three provinces of Vietnam
found that smokers spent 3.6 times more on tobacco than on education, 2.5
times more for tobacco than clothes and 1.9 times more for tobacco than for
health care costs.
1.4ObstacleIn practice in the field, it is not easy to implement a ban on smoking
regulations. Because this is caused by several things:
- Still lack awareness of the dangers of smoking for health their bodies, making
it difficult for the holding of coaching them.
- Lack of dissemination of relevant agencies regarding dangers of smoking, so
people do not know how big the dangers of smoking to their health.
- Less tight control over the circulation of tobacco in our country, thus
increasing the number of cigarette manufacturers.
1.5 How to Overcome Existing ProblemsSome of the ways we can do in order to adapt the kit to avoid the danger
of cigarette smoke is as follows:
a. that they realize how dangerous smoke cigarettes.
b. The existence of a good role model for the child either at home, at school,
and in the surrounding environment.
c. Person prohibit smoking in front of teachers to students when teach
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moment.why? because we know that the task of teachers is as role models for
their students at school. So natural that teachers should set a good example for
their students.
d. A vigorous and intensive counseling from related institutions. In this way the
number of smokers is expected to be reduced, because they gain direct
knowledge about the dangers of smoking to their health.
e. Creating the Act - Act as has been done by the city administration regarding
the prohibition of smoking in public places like schools, hospitals, playgrounds,
and so on. And for those who would violate sanctions or fines imposed a number
of 50ribu dollars.
f. Disseminate fatwa MUI (Indonesia Ulemas Council) on illegitimate cigarettes.
Because in this way the public will think again for smoking.
1.6 TOBACCO CHARGES FACT1.6.1 CONSUMPTION
Tobacco use is increasing in Indonesia.
There are approximately 57 million smokers in Indonesia.
One third (34%) of the Indonesian people smoking, increased by 26% since
1995.
63% of men smoke. Despite low levels of women who smoked (5%), number
This is expected to rise.
Among young people (aged 13-15 years), 12% smoked cigarettes (teens
son 24%; young women 2%).
78% of smokers start smoking before the age of 19 years, and a third
student
reported trying their first cigarette before the age of 10 years.
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Most smokers in Indonesia (88%) used cigarettes krekek
clove flavor.
1.6.2 HEALTH CONSEQUENCES
Tobacco use is deadly. Smoking kills up to half
of all lifetime users.
In Indonesia, cigarette smoking kills at least 200,000 people each year.
More than 97 million Indonesian people who do not smoke regularly exposed
to secondhand smoke.
81% of young people (aged 13-15 years) exposed to secondhand smoke in
public places, and 65% of young people exposed to secondhand smoke at home.
1.6.3 COST TO THE COMMUNITYTobacco requires a high cost from society.
In Indonesia, health care costs due to tobacco-related diseases
reached 11 trillion dollars annually (1.2 billion USD).
the lost economic opportunities in developing countries with
dense population of very severe because half of all deaths
tobacco-related occurred during the main productive (30-69 years).
In 2005, households with smokers in Indonesia
spent 11.5% of household income for the product
tobacco compared with 11% being spent on fish,
meat, eggs and milk are added up, 3.2% for education and 2.3% for
of health.
Smoking also result in the incurrence of costs associated with
fire damage and damage to the environment from the production
and packaging of tobacco products.
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Table of smokers in Indonesia
Smokers in Indonesia ( 2004 )
Total population 34 % SmokerspercentageMen (adult) 63 %
Women (adult) 5 %
Smokers in Indonesia ( 2006 )
TotalPopulation
12 % Smokerspercentage
Men (young) 24 %
Women (young) 2 %
Taken From:
1. Amalia,
http://www.pdgionline.com/web/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=310&Itemid=1
2. Tempo,Interaktif Jakarta
3. www.google.com
Income that use to buy anything in need in
Indonesia (2005)
Tobacco product 11,5%
Fish,meat,egg, and milk 11%
Education 3,2%
Healthy 2,3%
Other 72%
http://www.pdgionline.com/web/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=310&Itemid=1http://www.pdgionline.com/web/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=310&Itemid=1http://www.pdgionline.com/web/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=310&Itemid=1