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Farm Gross Margin Guide

A gross margin template for crop and livestock enterprises

2015

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Farm Gross Margin 2015A gross margin template for crop and livestock enterprises

y Provides representative gross margins for all major extensive crop and livestock enterprises across Southern Australia

y Provides templates for allow easy calculation of your own Gross Margins

y Compares the sensitivity of profit of enterprises to a change in production and price

A Rural Solutions SA publication

Sponsored by SAGIT and GRDC

ISBN 978-1-921779-78-7

DISCLAIMERThis guide has been prepared in good faith on the basis of the information available at the date of publication without any independent verification. The South Australian Grain Industry Trust, Rural Solutions SA and the Grains Research and Development Corporation do not guarantee or warrant the accuracy, reliability, completeness or currency of the information in this guide nor its usefulness in achieving any purpose.

Readers are responsible for assessing the relevance and accuracy of the content of this guide. The South Australian Grain Industry Trust, Rural Solutions SA and the Grains Research and Development Corporation will not be liable for any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred or arising by reason of any person using or relying on the information in this Farm Gross Margin Guide.

Published February 2015

storedgrain.com.au

www.grdc.com.au | www.storedgrain.com.au | 02 6166 4500

Get the latest stored Grain information online

economics of on-farm storage Grain storage hygiene aeration cooling or drying managing high moisture fumigation insect pest management managing different storages storage facility design storing pulses and oilseeds

Workshops in all regions covering topics such as:

Booklets and fact sheets on all things grain storage

Call the national Grain storage information hotline 1800 WEEVIL (1800 933 845) to speak to your local grain storage specialist for advice or to arrange a workshop

STOREDGRAIN website A4_1411.indd 1 11/12/2014 2:50 pm

2015 Farm Gross Margin Guide

Farm Gross Margin and Enterprise Planning GuideBroadacre farmers in South Australia continue to operate in a challenging environment.

Once again, the 2014 season presented a number of difficulties including frosts, diseases and a very dry finish. Overall, though, the season was at least average or better over most of the state, reflecting improved cropping techniques and the strong technical competence of most broadacre farmers in the state.

The requirement into the future will be to maintain profitable farming systems in the face of ever increasing cost structures and production challenges. Improving our skill and knowledge of all aspects of our farm business will be the key to meeting the challenge.

In farm business management, the focus is on getting the most from existing land and assets. The three partners in this publication have important roles in this process. GRDC support a number of initiatives in this area including Farm Business Updates, Newsletters and Factsheets. The South Australian Grain Industry Trust (SAGIT) also invests more than $1.4 million a year in supporting research crucial to advancing the SA grain industry. Rural Solutions SA is a business with a mission to work with clients to enhance competitiveness by developing and growing businesses.

Overall prospects for farming remain good and we can expect to go through a period of growth. Change will no doubt continue and there will be the need to adopt new technologies and to increase the effectiveness of existing operations to improve profitability. It will also be necessary to consider different ways of managing risk whilst maximising profit to improve total farm income. This will involve close examination of the key drivers of both profit and risk.

This publication “2015 Farm Gross Margin Guide” will help farmers and their advisers compare the gross margins of enterprises, paddocks and rotations and their respective sensitivity to changes in production, cost and price to ultimately make the best decisions to maximise the chances of a successful 2015 season.

We know that each farmer and their farm business is different and so a ‘one size fits all’ approach will not work. The templates and sensitivity analysis provided in this guide allows you to feed in your own figures and ask the ‘what if’ type questions appropriate to you and your situation. The guide is to help inform your decisions and compare options – it does not make the decisions for you.

This guide is one of few publications that provide gross margins for both crops and livestock enterprises across the range of South Australian rainfall zones.

The South Australian Grain Industry Trust and the Grains Research and Development Corporation have pleasure in partnering with Rural Solutions SA to produce and distribute this guide as a valuable aid in your decision making.


Michael Treloar Chairman SAGIT

Keith Pengilley Chairman, GRDC Southern Panel

Daniel CasementExecutive Director,Rural Solutions SA

RSSA delivers innovative agribusiness solutions increasing client profitability and value

AREAS OF EXPERTISE Sustainable agriculture and farming systems

Agronomy & Soil productivity

Livestock systems

Horticulture and irrigation systems

Seafood industry development

Business and strategic planning

Industry and policy development

Market and value chain development

1300 364 322 www.ruralsolutions.sa.gov.au


ContentsIntroduction ................................................................................................................................................. 2

Using Gross Margins for Farm Planning ...................................................................................................... 4

Strategies for Maximising Returns from Individual Enterprises .................................................................. 5

Commentary on 2015 Gross Margins .......................................................................................................... 7

2015 Gross Margin Estimates...................................................................................................................... 8

Gross Margins ............................................................................................................................................10

Gross Margins – Cereals ............................................................................................................................11APW Wheat .......................................................................................................................................12

Durum Wheat.....................................................................................................................................14

Malting Barley ....................................................................................................................................16

Feed Barley ........................................................................................................................................18

Milling Oats ....................................................................................................................................... 20

Triticale ............................................................................................................................................. 22

Export Oaten Hay ...............................................................................................................................24

Gross Margins – Pulses ............................................................................................................................. 26Vetch ................................................................................................................................................ 28

Lupins .............................................................................................................................................. 30

Red Lentils ........................................................................................................................................ 32

Field Peas ......................................................................................................................................... 34

Faba Beans....................................................................................................................................... 36

Chickpeas ......................................................................................................................................... 38

Gross Margins – Canola ............................................................................................................................ 40Canola – Conventional ....................................................................................................................... 42

Canola – Triazine tolerant ................................................................................................................... 44

Canola – Clearfield ............................................................................................................................ 46

Gross Margins – Livestock ........................................................................................................................ 50Prime Lambs – High Rainfall .............................................................................................................. 50

Self Replacing Merino Flock – High Rainfall ......................................................................................... 52

Merino Wethers – High Rainfall .......................................................................................................... 54

Prime Lambs – Cereal Zone ............................................................................................................... 56

Self Replacing Merino Flock – Cereal Zone ......................................................................................... 58

Merino Wethers – Cereal Zone ........................................................................................................... 60

Prime Lambs – Pastoral Zone ............................................................................................................ 62

Self Replacing Merino Flock – Pastoral Zone ....................................................................................... 64

Merino Wethers – Pastoral Zone ........................................................................................................ 66

Cleanskin Sheep – Cereal Zone .......................................................................................................... 68

Beef Cattle – High Rainfall ................................................................................................................. 70

Beef Cattle – Medium Rainfall ............................................................................................................ 72

Beef Cattle – Low Rainfall ...................................................................................................................74

Appendices ................................................................................................................................................ 76

Blank Pro Forma ........................................................................................................................................ 80

2015 Farm Gross Margin Guide2

IntroductionThis book provides a format and general estimates for crop and livestock gross margin profit for broadacre enterprises across Southern Australia. It provides a base to easily calculate individual producers gross margins using the templates provided.

A blank format is included as well as a blank column on every page, along with a full list of product and input costs as a guide for those wishing to construct their own gross margins.

What are Gross MarginsThe gross margin for a farm enterprise is one measure of profitability that is a useful aid to enterprise planning. The calculation of Gross Margins can be the starting point for construction of cash flow budgets and assessment of whole farm profitability. They can also be used to assist in assessing the opportunity to develop new farm enterprises.

Gross margin profit is the difference between the annual gross income for that enterprise and the variable costs directly associated with the enterprise.

In constructing gross margins, fixed (overhead) costs are ignored, as it is considered that they will be incurred regardless of the level of the enterprise undertaken.

The gross margin of different enterprises should not be compared if they have different overhead costs.

The direct comparison of Gross Margins is most useful when the various alternatives fit into the same part of the rotation e.g. the cereal or legume phase. The Gross Margins in this booklet have been grouped on this basis.

The base gross margins included in this book should be adjusted as required for commodity prices, yield, input costs and input items. These items vary considerably between different locations and different farm businesses.

Treatment of machinery – It is assumed that most machinery items (tractors, seeders, sprayers, harvesters etc.) are owned by the farm business. In each gross margin in this guide, the operating costs (fuel and repairs) have been included based on the number of machinery passes specified. No allowance is included in the gross margin for machinery ownership costs such as depreciation or opportunity cost of capital. When calculating enterprise profitability, these ownership costs need to be included. An alternative is to include all machinery costs at full contract rate.

y Compare the relative profitability of current farm enterprises, paddocks or rotations

y Estimate changes in enterprise profit caused by changes in price, cost or yields

y Pinpoint high cost or low income areas in the existing farm plan

y Evaluate the profitability of a re-organisation of the farm enterprise mix

A gross margin template for crop and livestock enterprises 3

Limitations of Gross marginsThe gross margins prepared within this publication have been designed to represent ‘average case scenarios’ within the respective rainfall zones of Southern Australia. They should be treated strictly as a base guide only and adapted by users for their particular situations.

Gross margins are best used to compare enterprises that make use of the same resources on the property. They cannot be used where varying capital input is needed for an enterprise. Cropping and livestock gross margins can only be compared if all capital resources are already on the property.

Estimates of inputs and production can vary from what actually occurs. Although a crop might have the highest gross margin, it might be the most sensitive to variation. Commodity prices, seasonal conditions, pests and disease can significantly affect the eventual gross margin. Risk can be assessed by comparing gross margins calculated with varying values for an input.

Sensitivity analysis tables are included in the book to help determine the impact on the gross margin of significant changes in yield and price.

Agronomic information including chemical rates are provided as a guide only and exact agronomic recommendations will vary with location, soil type and a number of other factors.

Gross margins have been broadly delineated into production zones based on rainfall. Average annual rainfall zones have been classified as ‘Low Rainfall’ (<350 mm), ‘Medium Rainfall’ (350 – 400mm) and ‘High Rainfall’ (>400mm).

KEY POINT

Make your own adjustments to the gross margins in this book to adapt to your own


Using Gross Margins for Farm PlanningGross margins are just one component of a whole range of factors which go into enterprise selection for paddocks and zones on a farming property. Some of these other factors include:

y Stage of rotation – weed, pests, nutrition and disease levels

y Suitability of proposed land use to land class – are there physical restrictions which limit enterprise selection?

y Availability of suitable plant, equipment, labour and/or infrastructure to carry out the enterprise.

y Risk – What is the sensitivity of the enterprise to adverse circumstances (e.g. poor yields or prices) and can the farm business afford to carry this risk?

y Integration of livestock in a mixed cropping situation and the need for appropriate pasture supplies for grazing animals

y Personal preference – Being favourably disposed towards something generally means that you will do it better. Running livestock is an interesting example.

Gross Margins on their own do not make the decision on enterprise selection across the property. Each activity undertaken on a farming property will have an impact on other activities:

y Some may be complimentary such as cropping enterprises which provide a feed base to livestock through crop residues

y Crops planted in one year will have a rotational effect on subsequent crops (both positive (eg cereals on legumes) and negative (eg canola on canola)

For more information on the use of Gross Margin analysis, refer to the following GRDC publications:

Farm Financial Tool – Crop Gross Margin Budgethttp://www.grdc.com.au/GRDC-FS-FFT-CropGrossMarginBudget

Farm Financial Tool – Livestock Gross Margin Budget http://www.grdc.com.au/GRDC-FS-FFT-LivestockGrossMarginBudget

Calculating Your Own Gross MarginsRates and types of fertiliser and weed control treatments will obviously vary for different situations. Remember that these calculations are not meant to be an exact science – roughly right is better than precisely wrong! Use your own estimates when the values vary significantly from those included in the example.

Calculating the break even yield needed to cover variable costs will give some indication of the riskiness or exposure of the particular enterprise. Remember, of course, that there are many other costs (in addition to the variable costs) which need to be covered before a profit is made – these include overhead costs, depreciation, interest and labour and management. Reference to the sensitivity tables will provide further information on how the returns from the enterprise are expected to respond to a range of prices and yields.


Strategies for Maximising Returns from Individual Enterprises

This Gross Margins guide aims to cover all broadacre cropping and grazing areas in South Australia. Circumstances obviously vary significantly across different regions. However, there are some rules of thumb and other resources which can provide guidance on decision making to aid in maximising returns from individual enterprises.

Storage of Out of Season Soil Water Provides the opportunity to significantly improve Water Use Efficiency and hence crop performance. The key to effective storage of soil moisture over the summer period is to get the soil water deep in the soil profile, below the zone subject to evaporation and then retain soil moisture through to seeding by control of summer weeds.

Lighter Mallee type soils y Rainfall events above 40 mm in December/January should result in some stored moisture with summer weed control

y Less than 40 mm rainfall events may still warrant summer weed control for ease of seeding operations and nutrient retention (mainly N)

y Strong case to apply zero tolerance summer weed control policy on light soils with no sub-soil limitations

Heavier soils y May require larger rainfall events (up to 100 mm) in December/January to store soil moisture if soils are already very dry

y Smaller rainfall events from February onwards will warrant control of germinated weeds

y Control of summer weeds earlier than February may also be dependant on other considerations e.g. improved ease of sowing, low cost of control, nutrient retention

Maximising Time of Sowing BenefitsEarly seeding generally provides the most reliable yield outcome, particularly in low rainfall situations. However, frost prone areas have special considerations which need to be taken into account.

Sowing Opportunity with Early Break

Frost Risk Start SowingLow After mid April

Medium After 25th April

High After early May

y Sow at the optimum time, even in high frost risk areas. Use appropriate varieties to manage flowering time.

y The yield loss from moisture and temperature stress during spring will usually be far greater than the damage caused by frost.

y The most severe and damaging frosts are those associated with dry conditions in mid to late spring (black frosts), which can be devastating even to crops that have completed flowering.


Ensuring Efficient Fertiliser PracticesFor more information on Better Fertiliser Decisions refer to the following GRDC factsheet http://www.grdc.com.au/GRDC-FS-BFDCN

Aim to maintain soil nutrient status at appropriate levels to maximise sustainable and profitable production

Phosphorous Replacement LevelsCrop Removal Removal plus losses #

Cereal grain 3 kg/t 4 kg/t

Pulses 4 kg/t 5 kg/t

Canola 7 kg/t 8 kg/t

Cereal hay 2 kg/t 2.5 kg/t

# higher rates may be required on calcareous / ironstone soils or those with moderate to low available P.

Reduce P application on soils with sub soil constrains when:

y Moderate to low stored soil moisture

y And crop sown more than 3 weeks after the optimum sowing date.

N FertiliserWide range of soil types, rotational histories and climatic conditions means that Nitrogen requirements of crops will vary considerably. Assess opening N supply (e.g. by using deep soil sampling) and then monitor yield and N requirements through models such as Yield Prophet® (www.yieldprophet.com.au) or the CSIRO developed Yield and N Calculator. www.clw.csiro.au/products/ncalc/index.html

CropWatchCropWatch is a FREE electronic newsletter service provided by SARDI and distributed through Jon Lamb Communications and reports on crop diseases throughout SA. www.sardi.sa.gov.au/pestsdiseases/publications/crop_watch

PestFactsPestFacts is a FREE electronic newsletter service, produced by SARDI, designed to keep growers and advisers informed about invertebrate pest-related issues and solutions as they emerge during the growing season. PestFacts issues warnings (or reminders) for a range of invertebrate pests of all broad-acre crops including pulses, oilseeds, cereals and fodder crops. www.sardi.sa.gov.au/pestsdiseases/publications/pestfacts


Commentary On 2014/15 Gross Margins What happened in 2014Despite the lack of spring rains, the Gross Margin performance of most broadacre crops in South Australia in 2014 was quite reasonable. The exception of this was where frost caused significant impacts to yields. Wheat was generally very good with the majority achieving milling grades- similarly, barley yields and quality were generally good, with high percentages of malting grades being achieved for suitable varieties. High demand for uncommitted Durum wheat saw harvest values at very high levels providing very strong gross margins for a small number of growers.

Yields of pulses were also satisfactory (where unaffected by frost) with strong prices (particularly for Lentils) aiding the gross margin performances of these crops.

Canola was the standout disappointment with a range of factors contributing to below average yields. Relatively weak pricing of canola (influenced by international factors) did not aid gross margin returns from this crop.

Livestock industries have continued to perform solidly in 2014. Wool has shown a slight easing trend, but with the medium and stronger wools continuing to perform well in comparison to the finer end of the market. Demand for livestock meat remains very strong with prices for all categories of sheep and beef increasing year on year.

Expectations for 2015As shown in 2014, grain pricing can change considerably over the course of the year- changing exchange rates and international factors are important drivers. And it should be emphasised that future grain pricing remains uncertain and estimates used in this Gross Margins analysis could vary substantially from those which are actually obtained.

Cereal production remains the standout performer in lower rainfall districts with bread wheat showing the highest gross margin. The malting barley gross margin needs to be adjusted for quality risk if malting grade is not usually achieved. In this case, a high yielding feed barley variety is likely to prove a viable alternative.

Some cereal break crops in medium and high rainfall districts (notably lentils and beans) are showing potentially similar returns to cereals. But again as seen in 2014 with canola, higher production risks need to be factored into these returns.

Canola is showing gross margins slightly lower than the best cereals with lower price expectations (compared to cereals) not favouring this crop.

The gross margin for export oaten hay is reasonable, particularly in lower rainfall districts if reasonable quality and yields can be obtained. Freight to the processor is a strong determinant of profitability of this crop.

Continuing expected strong demand for red meat see livestock gross margins performing well. With sheep, self-replacing Merino ewe flocks remain quite profitable with meat related products from these flocks increasing in importance. Reproductive rates are a strong determinate of the final gross margin achieved for livestock enterprises. Beef cattle continue to show expected returns on a dse basis well below that available from sheep production but prices are at last showing some improvement.


Commodity $/ha Low Medium High Pastoral Cereal High

APW Wheat 256 418 671 Prime Lambs 19 33 30Durum 235 447 747 Merino breeders 28 34 34Malt Barley 222 356 532 Merino wethers 25 26 26Feed Barley 209 314 466 24Milling Oats 53 181 310 9 10 13Triticale 116 217 353Oaten Hay 255 280 284Grain Vetch 129 302 442Lupins 61 184 284Lentils 202 455 777Field Peas 96 200 461Faba Beans 107 308 724Chickpeas (Kabuli) 105 358 662Canola- Conv 196 338 597Canola-TT 137 250 511Canola-Clear 151 275 537

The tables below summarise the anticipated gross margins for all crops and livestock for 2015.

2015 GROSS MARGIN ESTIMATES

Enterprise $/dse

LIVESTOCKCROPPING

Beef CattleCleanskin

Commodity Jan 2011 Jan 2012 Jan 2013 Jan 2014 Jan 2015 5 yr Average

2015 Estimate

APW Wheat ($/t) 310 214 280 260 290 271 280Durum ($/t) 310 280 305 340 550 357 350Malt Barley ($/t) 270 220 260 255 320 265 270Feed Barley ($/t) 200 200 240 215 270 225 230Milling Oats ($/t) 150 180 215 190 240 195 200Feed Oats ($/t) 130 170 205 180 230 183 190Triticale ($/t) 200 170 220 200 240 206 210Grain Vetch ($/t) 280 280 500 380 650 418 450Lupins ($/t) 270 155 260 305 335 265 280Lentils ($/t) 680 410 480 630 940 628 650Field Peas ($/t) 265 300 330 320 400 323 330Faba Beans ($/t) 320 370 470 420 490 414 420Chickpeas 6-8mm Kabuli ($/t) 600 500 575 440 530 529 530Canola ($/t) 600 500 540 490 480 522 480Oaten Hay ($/t) 125 140 160 155 160 148 160

COMMODITY PRICES HISTORICAL DATAHistorical commodity price data and trends can be used as a guide in assessing average returns over time and also the variability of those returns for any given commodity. NOTE: 15/16 Forecast Grain Prices: Forecast grain prices for 15/16 are affected by the value of the Australian Dollar, world consumption, and Australian and other major grain exporting countries production. Future pricing is uncertain and caution is needed with projections.

2015 Gross Margin Estimates

Commodity Prices Historical Data


Comparative returns between farm enterprises – High Rainfall

Comparative returns between farm enterprises – Medium Rainfall

Comparative returns between farm enterprises – Low Rainfall

$0

$100

$200

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Cropping Gross Margin per Hectare High Rainfall

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Cropping Gross Margin per Hectare Low Rainfall

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Cropping Gross Margin per Hectare Medium Rainfall

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Livestock Gross Margin per dse High Rainfall

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Livestock Gross Margin per dse Pastoral Zone


Gross Margins The gross margins in this book are designed to provide a template only, for users to adapt to their own situation, and should not be relied upon as representative of any one particular situation.

Below is an example of how these gross margins may be adapted to suit individual circumstances. A copy of a blank gross margin sheet, which may be photocopied to calculate your own gross margin, is included at the rear of this publication.

2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $190 $160 $140Quality Mixed gradesYield (t/ha) 3.50 5.50 8

GROSS INCOME $665 $880 $1,120

VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/ha

Cost Low $/ha Medium $/ha High $/haSeed

LeviesSeed $240.00 /tonne @ 90 $21.60 120 $28.80 130 $31.20

Seed Treatment $0.00 /tonne @ 0 $0.00 0 $0.00

Fertiliser (Bulk)18:20:0 $750 /tonne @ 60 $45.00 80 $60.00 110 $82.50Urea $570 /tonne @ 30 17.10$ 75 $42.75 150 $85.50

Chemicals-Herbicides

Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Dual Gold $16.00 /litre @ 0.5 $8.00 0.5 $8.00Diuron $11.70 /Kg @ 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68Post-MCPA Amine $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50Pre cutting-Glypho (1) $6.00 /litre @ 1 $6.00 2 $12.00 2 $12.00InsecticidesFungicides

OperationsFuel & Oil $8.57 $9.43 $10.29Repairs & Maintenance $7.84 $8.63 $9.41

Freight Hay $28.00 /tonne @ 3.5 $98.00 5.5 $154.00 8.0 $224.00Fertiliser (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 0.09 $1.80 0.16 $3.10 0.26 $5.20

Contract WorkHay mowing $45.00 /ha @ 1.0 $45.00 1.0 $45.00 1.0 $45.00Super Conditioner $25-35.00 /ha @ 1.0 $25.00 1.0 $30.00 1.0 $35.00Hay baling $20.00 /bale @ 3.5 $93.33 5.5 $157.14 8.0 $246.15Insurance $2.50 /$1000 @ $1.66 $2.20 $2.80

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $410 $600 $836GROSS MARGIN/hectare $255 $280 $284Break Even Price (to cover variable costs only) $117 $109 $104Break Even Yield (to cover variable costs only) 2.16 3.75 5.97Gross Margin based on last 5 year average price $108 $214 $348

EXPORT OATEN HAY GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTSPrice received is strongly related to yield. Fertiliser rate assumes hay follows a cereal. Bonuses for shedding and late delivery may apply. Additional capital costs including shedding and extra machinery may be needed.

AGRONOMIC NOTESThe use of a 'super conditioner' can significantly reduce drying time and subsequently risk with less chance of a quality downrade. No allowance has been made for cost of raking. (1) Glyphosate Weedmaster DST registered for this use

Adjust fertiliser rates to your own situation considering prior rotation

Chemical rates will vary in some cases with soil types. Adjust for local chemical costs

Most GM’s assume own equipment. Add or delete contract work component asrequired

Break even yield is variable costs divided by price

Insert your estimates based on projected yield and price

Cost of seed should always be allowed evenif using own seed

Adjust for actual herbicide use. Consult cost section for costs of other chemicals and label information for rates

Break even price isvariable costs divided by yield

Export Oaten Hay Gross Margin


Gross Margins – CerealsCereals are generally regarded as lower risk and form the base of most rotations. However, the importance of cereals in the rotation varies across rainfall districts- they have historically shown to be the most profitable part of the rotation in lower rainfall districts, while in higher rainfall, more productive regions, cereals may be used as “break” crops for potentially more profitable alternatives such as lentils or canola (but beware of the potentially higher risk associated with these crops).

VarietiesWide range of varieties available. Refer NVT Online (www.nvtonline.com.au) for latest National Variety Trial information and SARDI Sowing Guide 2015 http://grdc.com.au/SASowingGuide2015 for more information.

Weed controlWide range of options available. Seek advice.

Assessing the potential impact of Soil Borne PathogensLevels of some soil borne pathogens (cereals as well as some break crops) can be assessed using the PreDicta B service provided by SARDI. PreDicta B (B = broadacre) is a DNA based soil testing service to identify which soilborne pathogens pose a significant risk to broadacre crops prior to seeding.

It has been developed for cropping regions in southern Australia and includes tests for:

y Cereal cyst nematode

y Take-all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici (Ggt) and G. graminis var avenae (Gga)) y Rhizoctonia barepatch (Rhizoctonia solani AG8) y Crown rot (Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum) y Root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei) y Stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) y Blackspot of peas (Mycosphaerella pinodes, Phoma medicaginis var pinodella and Phoma koolunga).

Grain producers can access PreDicta B via agronomists accredited by SARDI to interpret the results and provide advice on management options to reduce the risk of yield loss.

PreDicta B samples are processed weekly from February to mid May (prior to crops being sown) to assist with planning the cropping program.

PreDicta B is not intended for in-crop diagnosis. This is best achieved by sending samples of affected plants to your local plant pathology laboratory.

Note changes to sampling protocol in 2014/15. For more information refer http://www.sardi.sa.gov.au/diagnostic_services/predicta_b

Postal address for PreDicta B samples: C/- SARDI RDTSLocked Bag 100Glen Osmond SA 5064

For information on PreDicta B contact: Alan McKay [email protected] 08 8303 9375


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $280 $280 $280Quality APW (Change Price for other grades)Yield (t/ha) 1.5 2.7 4

GROSS INCOME $420 $756 $1,120

VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/haCost Low $/ha Medium $/ha High $/ha

SeedSeed $0.29 /kg @ 60 $17.40 80 $23.20 90 $26.10Seed Treatment $0.05 /kg @ 60 $2.94 80 $3.92 90 $4.41

LeviesGRDC Levies 1.0% Gross Income $4.20 $7.56 $11.20EPR & state levies $3.30 /tonne sold $4.95 $8.91 $13.20

Fertiliser (Bulk)18:20:0 $750 /tonne @ 40 $30.00 60 $45.00 80 $60.00Urea $570 /tonne @ $0.00 60 $34.20 120 $68.40

Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1 $6.00 1 $6.00 1 $6.00

$0.00 $0.00 $0.00Glyphosate 540(1) $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Sakura (2) $335.00 /kg @ $0.00 0.118 $39.53 0.118 $39.53Post-emergentsM.C.P.A. LVE $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 0.7 $6.30 0.7 $6.30Metsulfuron methyl(1) $0.08 /gm @ 5 $0.85 5 $0.85 5 $0.85Clopyralid (Lontrel) $25.00 /kg @ 0.075 $1.88 0.075 $1.88 0.075 $1.882,4-DAmine(625g/l)(3) $5.00 /kg @ $0.00 $0.00 1.2 $6.00Fungicides

Tebuconazole $12.00 /litre @ 0.2 $2.40 0.2 $2.40 Prothioconazole(Prosaro) $70.00 /litre @ 0.15 $10.50 0.15 $10.50


Freight Grain (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 1.5 $30.00 2.7 $54.00 4.0 $80.00Fertiliser (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 0.04 $0.80 0.12 $2.40 0.20 $4.00

Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0.00 1 $14.00 1 $14.00Urea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $3.57 $6.43 $9.5Other $0.00 /ha

$0.00 /haTOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $164 $338 $449GROSS MARGIN/hectare $256 $418 $671Break Even Price (to cover variable costs only) $109 $125 $112Break Even Yield (to cover variable costs only) 0.58 1.21 1.60Gross Margin based on last 5 year average price $242 $394 $634

APW WHEAT GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS(1) Includes Surfactant at 0.1% To calculate using different grades (AH1, ASW, Feed) substitute different prices using appropriate grade spreads.(3) Second broadleaf spray

AGRONOMIC NOTESNitrogen requirements will vary depending on individual paddocks- seek advice.If targeting higher protein (AH1) additional N inputs will be required.(2) Boxer Gold could be an option at a similar cost

APW Wheat Gross Margin


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY LOW RAINFALL Cash Price $/t

$200 $240 $280 $320 $3600.5 -$35 -$15 $5 $24 $44

Yield 1 $52 $91 $131 $170 $209

t/ha 1.5 $138 $197 $256 $315 $374

2.5 $311 $410 $508 $606 $704

3.5 $484 $622 $759 $897 $1,034MEDIUM RAINFALL

Cash Price $/t$200 $240 $280 $320 $360

1 -$88 -$48 -$9 $30 $69Yield 2 $85 $164 $242 $321 $399

t/ha 2.7 $206 $312 $418 $524 $6303.5 $345 $482 $620 $757 $8944.5 $518 $694 $871 $1,048 $1,224

HIGH RAINFALL Cash Price $/t

$200 $240 $280 $320 $3602 $11 $90 $168 $247 $325

Yield 3 $184 $302 $420 $538 $655t/ha 4 $357 $514 $671 $828 $985

5 $530 $726 $923 $1,119 $1,3156 $703 $939 $1,174 $1,410 $1,645

HISTORIC PRICES AND TRENDS

Machinery Costs- Assuming full ownership of machinery(Fuel and repairs only- excludes depreciation and other ownership costs) Operation No. Fuel

$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.872 spray 4 2.20 1.64 harvest# 1 8.57 5.8725TOTAL 14.66 12.39# Rates are for low rainfall zone. Extra cost in higher yielding situations

APW WHEAT GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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APW 10.5% WHEATHISTORIC PRICES (Post Harvest)

Forward Price for 2015/16 as at Jan 2015 $290/tonne

0

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140

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Variable Costs

Low Medium High

APW Wheat Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $350 $350.00 $350.00Quality Durum 13%

Yield (t/ha) 1.2 2.2 3.4

GROSS INCOME $420 $770 $1,190

VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/haCost Low Medium $/ha High $/ha



Fertiliser (Bulk)Granulock 1% Zn $810 /tonne @ 40 $32.40 60 $48.60 80 $64.80Urea $570 /tonne @ $0.00 60 $34.20 120 $68.40


Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1 $6.00 1 $6.00 1 $6.00Boxer Gold $14.68 /litre @ $0.00 2.5 $36.70 2.5 $36.70Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Post-emergentsMCPA LVE $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50Metsulfuron methyl(1) $0.08 /gram @ 5 $0.85 5 $0.85 5 $0.852,4-DAmine(625g/l)(2) $5.00 /kg @ $0.00 $0.00 1.2 $6.00InsecticidesFungicides



Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0.00 $0.00 $0.00Urea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $3.57 $6.55 $10.12Other


DURUM GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS(1) includes surfactant at 0.1% Assumes durum follows a legume crop or pasture.Price assumes Durum 13% is achieved. (2) Second broadleaf spray

AGRONOMIC NOTESSome Durum varieties have a narrow safety margin with broadleaf herbicides. Seek advice. The effect is worse when the crop is under stress.

Durum Gross Margin


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY LOW RAINFALL Net Price $/t

$250 $300 $350 $400 $4500.4 -$60 -$41 -$21 -$1 $18

Yield 1.2 $117 $176 $235 $294 $353

t/ha 2 $295 $393 $491 $589 $6882.8 $473 $610 $748 $885 $1,022

MEDIUM RAINFALL Net Price $/t

$250 $300 $350 $400 $4501.5 $75 $149 $223 $296 $370

Yield 2.2 $231 $339 $447 $555 $663t/ha 3 $409 $556 $703 $850 $997

4 $631 $827 $1,023 $1,219 $1,416HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$250 $300 $350 $400 $450

1.5 -$9 $65 $139 $212 $286Yield 2.5 $214 $336 $459 $582 $704t/ha 3.4 $413 $580 $747 $914 $1,081

4.5 $658 $879 $1,099 $1,320 $1,541


Machinery Costs- Assuming full ownership of machinery(Fuel and repairs only- excludes depreciation and other ownership costs)

Operation No. Fuel

$/ha $/ha


DURUM GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

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DURUMHISTORIC PRICES (post harvest)

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140

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Durum Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $270 $270 $270Quality MaltingYield (t/ha) 1.5 2.5 3.5

GROSS INCOME $405 $675 $945





Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.5 $9.00 1.8 $10.80 1.8 $10.80Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Boxer Gold $14.68 /litre @ $0.00 2.5 $36.70 2.5 $36.70Post-emergents2,4- D Amine $5.00 /litre @ 1.2 $6.00 1.5 $7.50 1.5 $7.50Metsulfuron methyl(1) $0.08 /gm @ 5 $0.85 5 $0.85 5 $0.85Clopyralid (Lontel) $25.00 /kg @ 0.1 $2.50 0.1 $2.50 0.1 $2.502,4-DAmine(625g/l)(2) $5.00 /kg @ $0.00 $0.00 1.2 $6.00FungicidesPropiconazole $13.50 /litre @ 0.3 $4.05 0.3 $4.05 0.3 $4.05Prosaro $70.00 /litre @ 0.15 $10.50 0.2 $14.00 0.2 $14.00Insecticides



Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ 0 $0.00 0 $0.00 0 $0.00Urea Spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $3.44 $5.74 $8.0Other


MALTING BARLEY GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTSAssumes barley follows wheat. Price assumes Malting grade is achieved which is high risk. Achieving feed grade would result in lower Gross Margin. Having to windrow barley will reduce GM by around $25/ha(2) Second broadleaf spray

AGRONOMIC NOTES

Urea may not be required following a legume pasture or grain legume crop

Malting Barley Gross Margin



$190 $230 $270 $310 $3500.5 -$60 -$41 -$21 -$2 $18

Yield 1 $22 $61 $100 $139 $179

t/ha 1.5 $104 $163 $222 $280 $339

2 $186 $264 $343 $421 $500

3 $350 $468 $586 $703 $821MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$190 $230 $270 $310 $350

0.5 -$168 -$149 -$129 -$109 -$90Yield 1.5 -$4 $55 $114 $173 $231

t/ha 2.5 $160 $258 $356 $455 $5533.5 $324 $462 $599 $737 $874

4 $406 $563 $720 $878 $1,035HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$190 $230 $270 $310 $350

1.5 -$71 -$12 $47 $106 $165Yield 2.5 $93 $192 $290 $388 $486t/ha 3.5 $258 $395 $532 $670 $807

4.5 $422 $599 $775 $952 $1,1296 $668 $904 $1,139 $1,375 $1,610


Machinery Costs- Assuming full ownership of machinery(Fuel and repairs only- excludes depreciation and other ownership costs) Operation No. Repairs & Maint Fuel

$/ha $/ha


MALTING BARLEY GROSS MARGIN

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400

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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MALT BARLEYHISTORIC PRICES (post harvest)

Forward Price 2015/16 as at Jan 2015 $258/tonne

0

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60

80

100

120

140

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Malting Barley Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $230 $230 $230Quality Feed 1Yield (t/ha) 1.7 2.8 4






Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.5 $9.00 1.8 $10.80 1.8 $10.80Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Boxer Gold $14.68 /litre @ $0.00 2.5 $36.70 2.5 $36.70Post-emergents2,4- D Amine $5.00 /litre @ 1.2 $6.00 1.5 $7.50 1.5 $7.50Metsulfuron methyl(1) $0.08 /gm @ 5 $0.85 5 $0.85 5 $0.852,4-DAmine(625g/l)(2) $5.00 /kg @ $0.00 $0.00 1.2 $6.00FungicidesPropiconazole $13.50 /litre @ 0.3 $4.05 0.3 $4.05 0.3 $4.05Prosaro $70.00 /litre @ 0.15 $10.50 0.2 $14.00 0.2 $14.00Insecticides



Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ 0 $0.00 0 $0.00 1 $14.00Urea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $3.32 $5.47 $7.8Other


FEED BARLEY GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS

Assumes barley follows wheatHaving to windrow barley will reduce GM by around $25/ha

AGRONOMIC NOTES

Urea may not be required following a legume pasture or grain legume crop

Feed Barley Gross Margin



$150 $190 $230 $270 $3000.5 -$75 -$55 -$35 -$16 -$1

Yield 1.2 $13 $60 $107 $154 $190

t/ha 1.7 $75 $142 $209 $276 $326

2.5 $175 $273 $372 $470 $543

3.5 $300 $438 $575 $712 $816MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$150 $190 $230 $270 $300

1.2 -$106 -$59 -$12 $35 $71Yield 2 -$6 $72 $151 $230 $288

t/ha 2.8 $94 $204 $314 $424 $5063.6 $194 $335 $477 $618 $7244.2 $269 $434 $599 $763 $887

HIGH RAINFALL Net Price $/t

$150 $190 $230 $270 $3002 -$98 -$20 $59 $137 $196

Yield 3 $27 $144 $262 $380 $468t/ha 4 $152 $309 $466 $623 $741

5 $277 $473 $669 $865 $1,0136 $401 $637 $873 $1,108 $1,285



$/ha $/ha


FEED BARLEY GROSS MARGIN

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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FEED BARLEYHISTORIC PRICES (post harvest)

Forward Price 2015/16 as at Jan 2015 $233/tonne

0

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80

100

120

140

160

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Feed Barley Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $200 $200 $200Quality Milling

Yield (t/ha) 1 2.1 3.2







Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Dual Gold $16.00 /litre @ 0.5 $8.00 0.5 $8.00 0.5 $8.00Diuron $11.70 /kg @ 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68Post-MCPA Amine $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50Fungicides

Tebuconazole $12.00 /litre @ 0.145 $1.74 0.145 $1.74 0.145 $1.74Operations

Fuel & Oil $12.39 $14.87 $17.34Repairs & Maintenance $14.66 $17.60 $20.53


Contract WorkAerial sprayingUrea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $1.70 $3.57 $5.44Other


MILLING OATS GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS

Assumes oats follows a cereal. If following a legume less N will be required. AGRONOMIC NOTES

Milling Oats Gross Margin



$140 $170 $200 $250 $3000.5 -$63 -$49 -$34 -$9 $15

Yield 1 -$6 $24 $53 $102 $151

t/ha 1.5 $52 $96 $140 $214 $2872 $109 $168 $227 $325 $423


$140 $170 $200 $250 $3001 -$69 -$39 -$10 $39 $88

Yield 2.1 $58 $120 $181 $284 $388t/ha 3 $161 $250 $338 $485 $632

4 $276 $394 $512 $708 $905HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$140 $170 $200 $250 $300

1 -$132 -$103 -$73 -$24 $25Yield 2 -$17 $42 $101 $199 $297t/ha 3.2 $121 $215 $310 $467 $624

4 $213 $331 $449 $645 $841


Machinery Costs- Assuming full ownership of machinery

(Fuel and repairs only- excludes depreciation and other ownership costs)

Operation No. Fuel

$/ha $/ha


MILLING OATS GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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MILLING OATSHISTORIC PRICES (post harvest)

0

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100

120

140

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Milling Oats Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $210 $210 $210QualityYield (t/ha) 1.3 2.4 3.5






Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1 $6.00 1 $6.00 1 $6.00Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Post-emergentsMCPA LVE $9.00 /litre @ 0 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50MCPA amine $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 $0.00 $0.00Metsulfuron methyl(1) $0.08 /gm @ 5 $0.85 5 $0.85 5 $0.85Achieve® (2) $65.00 /kg @ $0.00 0.4 $30.08 0.4 $30.08InsecticidesFungicides



Contract WorkAerial sprayingUrea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 2 $17.00Insurance $8.50 /$1000 @ $2.32 $4.28 $6.25Other


TRITICALE GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS

This rate of fertiliser assumes triticale follows a cereal(1) Surfactant at 0.1% (2) Surfactant at 0.75%

AGRONOMIC NOTES

Triticale Gross Margin



$150 $180 $210 $240 $2700.5 -$56 -$42 -$27 -$12 $2

Yield 1 $3 $33 $62 $92 $121

t/ha 1.3 $39 $77 $116 $154 $192

2 $123 $182 $240 $299 $358

3 $242 $330 $419 $507 $595MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$150 $180 $210 $240 $270

1 -$91 -$62 -$32 -$3 $26Yield 1.6 -$20 $27 $74 $122 $169

t/ha 2.4 $76 $146 $217 $288 $3583.2 $171 $266 $360 $454 $548

4 $267 $385 $502 $620 $738HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$150 $180 $210 $240 $270

1.5 -$92 -$48 -$4 $41 $85Yield 2.5 $27 $101 $175 $248 $322t/ha 3.5 $147 $250 $353 $456 $559

4.5 $266 $399 $531 $664 $7965.5 $386 $548 $710 $872 $1,034



$/ha $/ha


TRITICALE GROSS MARGIN

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TRITICALEHISTORIC PRICES (post harvest)

0

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40

60

80

100

120

140

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Triticale Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $190 $160 $140Quality Mixed gradesYield (t/ha) 3.50 5.50 8

GROSS INCOME $665 $880 $1,120

VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/ha

Cost Low $/ha Medium $/ha High $/haSeed

LeviesSeed $240.00 /tonne @ 90 $21.60 120 $28.80 130 $31.20

Seed Treatment $0.00 /tonne @ 0 $0.00 0 $0.00

Fertiliser (Bulk)18:20:0 $750 /tonne @ 60 $45.00 80 $60.00 110 $82.50Urea $570 /tonne @ 30 17.10$ 75 $42.75 150 $85.50


Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Dual Gold $16.00 /litre @ 0.5 $8.00 0.5 $8.00Diuron $11.70 /Kg @ 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68 0.4 $4.68Post-MCPA Amine $9.00 /litre @ 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50 0.5 $4.50Pre cutting-Glypho (1) $6.00 /litre @ 1 $6.00 2 $12.00 2 $12.00InsecticidesFungicides


Freight Hay $28.00 /tonne @ 3.5 $98.00 5.5 $154.00 8.0 $224.00Fertiliser (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 0.09 $1.80 0.16 $3.10 0.26 $5.20

Contract WorkHay mowing $45.00 /ha @ 1.0 $45.00 1.0 $45.00 1.0 $45.00Super Conditioner $25-35.00 /ha @ 1.0 $25.00 1.0 $30.00 1.0 $35.00Hay baling $20.00 /bale @ 3.5 $93.33 5.5 $157.14 8.0 $246.15Insurance $2.50 /$1000 @ $1.66 $2.20 $2.80



COMMENTSPrice received is strongly related to yield. Fertiliser rate assumes hay follows a cereal. Bonuses for shedding and late delivery may apply. Additional capital costs including shedding and extra machinery may be needed.

AGRONOMIC NOTESThe use of a 'super conditioner' can significantly reduce drying time and subsequently risk with less chance of a quality downrade. No allowance has been made for cost of raking. (1) Glyphosate Weedmaster DST registered for this use




$120 $150 $190 $210 $2401.5 -$119 -$74 -$14 $16 $60

Yield 2.5 -$54 $21 $120 $170 $245

t/ha 3.5 $11 $116 $255 $325 $430

4.5 $76 $211 $390 $480 $615MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$100 $130 $160 $190 $220

2 -$200 -$140 -$80 -$21 $39Yield 3.5 -$135 -$31 $74 $179 $284

t/ha 5.5 -$49 $116 $280 $445 $609

7.5 $37 $262 $486 $711 $935HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$80 $110 $140 $170 $200

8 -$195 $45 $284 $524 $763Yield 6 -$237 -$57 $122 $302 $482t/ha 8 -$195 $45 $284 $524 $763

10 -$153 $147 $446 $745



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 5 2.75 2.06 roll 1 1.20 1.64

TOTAL 7.84 8.57# Rates are for low rainfall zone. Extra cost in higher yielding situations


Repairs & Maint

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OATEN HAYHISTORIC PRICES

0

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100

150

200

250

300

350

$/ha

Variable Costs

Low Medium High



Gross Margins – PulsesThe use of grain legumes and canola as break crops for cereals provide rotational advantages for subsequent cereal crops. However, particularly in low rainfall areas, these crops are regarded as inherently more risky both financially and environmentally. Pulse Australia (www.pulseaus.com.au) have developed the “TOP 10” FOR PULSES PRE- SOWING to help reduce this risk. Full details can be accessed at:www.pulseaus.com.au/pdf/Top%2010%20pre-sowing%20for%20Pulses.pdf

Pulse Australia’s Top 10 hints for pulses are as follows:

1. Match the crop and variety choice to paddock conditions and rotations. � There are a range of new varieties available for most pulse species. Seed prices will reflect commodity

values and production costs.

� Grading of retained seed to increase its overall size may be needed after years with a dry finish.

� Which pulse species and variety, chosen for the location will be based on risk, crop adaptation and rotation. Be aware of the different soil and climate requirements as well as disease resistance profiles and agronomic requirements. Residual herbicide damage is a potential risk so check herbicide labels for plant-back periods based on rainfall, soil pH and use-age rates.

2. There are ways to minimise disease risk without compromising sowing time. � Pulse fungal risk does not disappear after a dry year, but increases after a wet year in which foliar disease

was more wide-spread. Paddock selection is critical, while sowing time and canopy management are also important in disease management - and inexpensive to implement. See disease management guides and foliar fungicide options for each pulse crop at: www.pulseaus.com.au/Search_Publication.aspx

� Note that seed testing for seed-borne disease and virus is advisable. Weed management in pulse crops is furthermore becoming critical for yield potential and paddock health.

� Sow field peas based on the “blackspot management guide” for WA, SA and Victoria at http://archive.agric.wa.gov.au/PC_93273.html

3. Stubble presence is becoming increasingly important for moisture retention � Pulses sown early often perform best in drier years, particularly when sown into stubble, and in wider

rows. Do not sow too early for the crop or district as the disease risk will increase in wetter years.

� Germination and vigour test all kept seed and calculate sowing rates to achieve optimum plant populations.

� Bare ground dries rapidly during summer, and in dry winters and spring.

� Precision inter-row sowing into standing cereal stubble has advantages for soil moisture and aphids

� Dry sowing can generally work well for pulses, provided there is adequate subsoil moisture to give growers confidence.


4. Know the potential weed burden and seed set from previous year, and plan accordingly.5. Lentils – early sowing is beneficial and virus testing of seed is important

� Excessive delays in sowing lentils to minimise disease and/or frost risk can have a negative impact in drier years.

� Dry springs can mean lack of harvest height with delayed sowing.

� Standing stubble can improve pulse standability, harvest height and yield

� Foliar disease protection is often a necessity, especially in a wetter season, and must start before canopy closure

6. Field Peas – seed test for PSbMV and bacterial blight � Field peas handle drier conditions well, but can be very susceptibility to frost damage.

� Field peas make very good quality hay in cases where they fail to pod or fill seeds.

� Seed testing is important for Bacterial blight and Pea Seed borne Mosaic Virus (PSbMV) because both are seed borne.

7. Beans – match the variety to sowing date, location and intended fungicide strategy � Early sowing is more feasible with the newer varieties, improved farming systems and a better

understanding of disease control. This combination enables yield benefits and increased pod height without necessarily creating a major disease risk.

� Disease risk increases with early sowing so this must be managed with a protective strategy

� Beans suit dry sowing. Delayed sowing of beans to achieve additional weed knockdown does reduce yield potential. Avoid sowing into high weed seed numbers unless in wide rows with inter-row spraying planned.

8. Chickpea – paddock selection and seed inoculation are essential � Paddock selection is absolutely critical with chickpea because of their poor early vigour and maturity that

virtually eliminates crop topping as an option.

� Do not sow chickpeas too early to ensure that flowering and pod set is under warmer conditions (>150 average).

� Always inoculate your chickpea seed prior to sowing.

9. Lupins – early sowing and virus testing of seed are important � Early sowing is highly beneficial in lupins, particularly in high rainfall, cold southern areas.

� New inoculants, including granular, can give growers more confidence in sowing lupins dry should it be needed.

� Virus seed testing is advisable before sowing lupins.

10. Minimise viruses by managing crop canopy, avoiding bare soil, and controlling aphids � Minimising aphid presence will be important in virus control

� Gaucho350 SD seed dressing can assist in early aphid and virus protection, particularly when sowing early.

� Regularly monitor for and control mites, cutworm and early aphid flights.


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $450 $450 $450Quality Morava vetch

Yield (t/ha) 0.7 1.2 1.6


VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/haCost Low $/ha Medium $/ha High

Seed Seed $0.65 /kg @ 25 $16.25 35 $22.75 35 $22.75Seed Inoculant $0.02 /kg @ 25 $0.45 35 $0.63 35 $0.63

LeviesGRDC Levies 1.0% Gross Income $3.15 $5.40 $7.20

Fertiliser (Bulk)MAP $750 /tonne @ 40 $30.00 60 $45.00 80 $60.00


Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsLexone $0.03 /gm @ 300 $9.00 300 $9.00 300 $9.00Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Post-emergentsSelect (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30Paraquat(Topping) $7.00 /litre 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60InsecticidesDimethoate (1) $10.00 /litre @ 0.4 $4.00 0.4 $4.00 0.4 $4.00omethoate (2) $29.00 /litre @ 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45Karate Zeon® (3) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96



Contract WorkAerial spraying

Insurance $12.00 /$1000 @ $3.78 $6.48 $8.64Other


VETCH GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTSSeed is not treated with a fungicide or graded. (1) Cow pea aphid (2) RLEM (3) Native budworm Do not exceed 800 ml/Ha Paraquat when crop topping to avoid possible residue issues

AGRONOMIC NOTESLexone (Metribuzin) not recommended on some varieties. Seek advice (also applies to using Diuron on vetch)Harvest and marketing difficulties are common with this cropVetch is a dual purpose crop and grain production following grazing is possible. This can markedly influence Gross Margin performance

Vetch Gross Margin



$350 $400 $450 $500 $5500.3 -$66 -$51 -$37 -$22 -$7

Yield 0.7 $61 $95 $129 $163 $198

t/ha 1.1 $188 $242 $295 $349 $4031.5 $315 $388 $461 $535 $608


$350 $400 $450 $500 $5500.4 -$70 -$50 -$31 -$11 $9

Yield 0.8 $57 $96 $135 $175 $214t/ha 1.2 $184 $243 $302 $360 $419

1.8 $375 $463 $551 $639 $727HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$350 $400 $450 $500 $550

0.8 $32 $71 $110 $149 $188Yield 1.2 $159 $217 $276 $335 $394t/ha 1.6 $286 $364 $442 $520 $599

2.5 $571 $694 $816 $938 $1,060



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 5 2.75 2.06 roll 1 1.20 1.64 harvest# 1 19.20 8.22TOTAL 27.04 16.79# Rates are for low rainfall zone. Extra cost in higher yielding situations

VETCH GROSS MARGIN

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Vetch Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $280 $280 $280Quality

Yield (t/ha) 0.9 1.5 2


VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/haCost Low Medium $/ha High $/ha

Seed Seed $0.34 /kg @ 90 $30.15 90 $30.15 90 $30.15Seed Inoculant $0.02 /kg @ 90 $1.62 90 $1.62 90 $1.62Roval seed treat

LeviesGRDC Levies 1.0% Gross Income $2.52 $4.20 $5.60EPR &state levies $2.60 /tonne sold $2.34 $3.90 $5.20

Fertiliser (Bulk)MAP $750 /tonne @ 40 30 60 $45.00 80 $60.00Foliar Trace Elem


Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Simazine Granules $7.60 /kg @ 0.83 $6.31 0.83 $6.31 0.83 $6.31Oxyfluorfen $16.00 /litre @ 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20 0.075 $1.20Post-emergentsParaquat(Topping) $7.00 /litre @ 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60Select (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30InsecticidesTalstar (1) $44.00 /litre @ 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76Karate Zeon® (2) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96



Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0 $0.00 $0.00

Insurance $10.00 /$1000 @ $2.52 $4.20 $5.60Other


LUPINS GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTSSeed is not treated with a fungicide or graded.(1) RLEM(2) Native budworm Do not exceed 800ml/Ha when crop topping with Paraquat to avoid any possible residue issues

AGRONOMIC NOTES

Lupins Gross Margin



$160 $220 $280 $340 $4000.5 -$96 -$67 -$38 -$8 $21

Yield 0.9 -$45 $8 $61 $114 $167

t/ha 1.5 $33 $121 $209 $297 $3862 $97 $215 $333 $450 $568


$160 $220 $280 $340 $4000.5 -$121 -$92 -$63 -$33 -$4

Yield 1 -$57 $2 $61 $120 $178t/ha 1.5 $8 $96 $184 $272 $361

2 $72 $190 $308 $425 $543HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$160 $220 $280 $340 $400

1 -$80 -$21 $37 $96 $155Yield 1.5 -$16 $73 $161 $249 $337t/ha 2 $49 $167 $284 $402 $519

2.5 $114 $261 $408 $555 $702



$/ha $/ha


LUPINS GROSS MARGIN

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Lupins Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) 650 $650 $650Quality Nugget

Yield (t/ha) 0.7 1.2 1.8

GROSS INCOME $455 $780 $1,170


Seed Seed $0.94 /kg @ 50 $47.00 50 $47.00 50 $47.00Seed Inoculant $0.02 /kg @ 50 $0.90 50 $0.90 50 $0.90P-Pickel $82.00 /tonne 50 $4.10 50 $4.10




Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.25 $7.50 1.25 $7.50 1.25 $7.50Terbyne 875 $26.50 /kg @ 0.9 $23.85 0.9 $23.85 0.9 $23.85Broadstrike® $0.65 /gram @ $0.00 25 $16.25 25 $16.25Paraquat(Topping) $7.00 /litre @ 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60Select (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30InsecticidesKarate Zeon® (1) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96Karate Zeon® (2) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96omethoate (3) $29.00 /litre @ 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45Trojan (4) $175.00 /litre @ 0.025 $4.38 0.025 $4.38 0.025 $4.38FungicidesMancozeb (5) $10.00 kg @ $0.00 $0.00 2.2 $22.00Carbendazim (6) $22.00 /kg @ 0.5 $11.00 1 $22.00 1 $22.00



Contract WorkAerial sprayingWindrowing

Insurance $12.00 /$1000 @ $5.46 $9.36 $14.04Other


RED LENTILS GROSS MARGIN

COMMENT(1) Native budworm control (2) Etiella (3) RLEM (4) Etiella (5) Ascochyta (6) Grey mouldDo not exceed 800ml/Ha Paraquat when crop topping to avoid possible residues

AGRONOMIC NOTESInoculate with Group E inoculant. Northfield and Nipper more sensitive to Lexone than other varietiesCheck newly released varieties for suitability to your area

Red Lentils Gross Margin



$450 $550 $650 $750 $8500.3 -$97 -$67 -$38 -$9 $21

Yield 0.7 $65 $134 $202 $271 $339

t/ha 1.1 $227 $335 $442 $550 $6581.5 $389 $536 $683 $829 $976


$450 $550 $650 $750 $8500.6 -$23 $36 $94 $153 $212

Yield 1.2 $220 $337 $455 $572 $689t/ha 1.8 $463 $639 $815 $991 $1,167

2.4 $706 $940 $1,175 $1,410 $1,644HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$450 $550 $650 $750 $850

0.8 $21 $99 $177 $255 $333Yield 1.3 $223 $350 $477 $604 $731t/ha 1.8 $425 $601 $777 $953 $1,129

2.5 $709 $953 $1,198 $1,442 $1,687



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 7 3.85 2.88 roll 1 1.20 1.64 harvest# 1 12.00 8.22


RED LENTILS GROSS MARGIN

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140

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Red Lentils Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $330 $330 $330Quality Kaspa

Yield (t/ha) 1 1.5 2.5



SeedSeed $0.40 /kg @ 90 $36.00 100 $40.00 110 $44.00Seed Grading $25.40 /tonne @ 90 $2.29 100 $2.54 110 $2.79P-Pickel $82.00 /tonne @ $0.00 100 $8.20 110 $9.02Inoculant $18.00 /tonne @ $0.00 $0.00 110 $1.98



Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Post-emergentsTerbyne $26.50 /kg @ 1 $26.50 1 $26.50 1 $26.50Select (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30Paraquat(Topping) $7.00 /litre @ 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60InsecticidesKarate Zeon® (1) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96Karate Zeon® (2) $165.00 /litre @ $0.00 0.024 $1.32 0.024 $1.32Omethoate (3) $29.00 /litre @ 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45FungicidesTebuconazole (4) $12.00 /litre @ $0.00 0.145 $1.74 0.145 $1.74



Contract Work/ha @ $0.00 $0.00 $0.00/ha @ $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

Insurance $16.00 /$1000 @ $5.28 $7.92 $13.20Other $0.00 /ha $0.00

$0.00 /ha $0.00TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $234 $295 $364GROSS MARGIN/hectare $96 $200 $461Break Even Price (to cover variable costs only) $234 $197 $146Break Even Yield (to cover variable costs only) 0.71 0.90 1.10Gross Margin based on last 5 year average price $89 $189 $443

FIELD PEAS GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS(1) Native budworm control (2) Pea weevil border spray (3) RLEM (4) Powdery Mildew.

AGRONOMIC NOTESRecently released varieties are more suited to lower rainfall situations

Field Peas Gross Margin



$250 $300 $330 $360 $4000.75 -$36 $0 $22 $44 $73

Yield 1 $18 $66 $96 $125 $164

t/ha 1.25 $72 $133 $169 $206 $2541.5 $126 $199 $243 $286 $345


$250 $300 $330 $360 $4001 -$25 $23 $52 $82 $121

Yield 1.5 $83 $156 $200 $243 $302t/ha 2 $191 $288 $347 $405 $483

2.5 $299 $421 $494 $567 $664HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$250 $300 $330 $360 $400

1.5 $50 $123 $167 $211 $269Yield 2 $158 $255 $314 $372 $450t/ha 2.5 $266 $388 $461 $534 $631

3 $374 $520 $608 $696 $812



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 7 3.85 2.88 roll 1 1.20 1.64 harvest# 1 19.20 8.22TOTAL 28.14 17.62

# Rates are for low rainfall zone. Extra cost in higher yielding situations

FIELD PEA GROSS MARGIN

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FIELD PEASHISTORIC PRICES(post harvest)

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Field Peas Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $420 $420 $420Quality Fie Grade 1Yield (t/ha) 0.8 1.6 2.8

GROSS INCOME $336 $672 $1,176


Seed Seed $0.49 /kg @ 100 $49.00 110 $53.90 130 $63.70Seed Inoculant $0.00 /kg @ $0.00 $0.00 $0.00



Chemicals-HerbicidesSummer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 0.8 $4.80 0.8 $4.80 0.8 $4.80Simazine 900g/kg $7.60 /kg @ 0.83 $6.31 0.83 $6.31 0.83 $6.31Post-emergentsSelect (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30Paraquat(Desiccant) $7.00 /litre @ 0.8 $6.05 0.8 $6.05 0.8 $6.05Insecticidesomethoate (1) $29.00 /litre @ 0.1 $2.90 0.1 $2.90 0.1 $2.90Karate Zeon® (2) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96Dimethoate (3) $10.00 /litre @ 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00FungicidesTebuconazole(4) $12.00 /kg @ $0.00 0.3 $3.60 0.3 $3.60Mancozeb-low r/f $10.00 /kg @ 1.7 $17.00 0 $0.00 0 $0.00Mancozeb-Med/high $10.00 /kg @ 0 $0.00 5.1 $51.00 5.1 $51.00Carbendazim 2 applic $22.00 /kg @ 0.5 $11.00 1 $22.00



Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0.00 2 $28.00 2 $28.00

Insurance $12.00 /$1000 @ $4.03 $8.06 $14.11


FABA BEAN GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTS(1) RLEM control (2) Native Budworm control (3) Cow pea aphid (4) Cercospora Mancozeb for Ascochyta Carbendazim for chocalate spot

AGRONOMIC NOTESSeed is not treated with a fungicide but is inoculated with a strain SU303 inoculant. No allowance is made in this gross margin as to the economic benefit of bean stubble to livestock.

Faba Bean Gross Margin



$300 $350 $420 $450 $5000.4 -$93 -$74 -$46 -$34 -$15

Yield 0.8 $13 $52 $107 $130 $169

t/ha 1.5 $198 $272 $375 $419 $4922 $331 $429 $566 $624 $722


$300 $350 $420 $450 $5001 -$39 $10 $78 $108 $157

Yield 1.6 $120 $198 $308 $355 $433t/ha 2 $226 $324 $461 $519 $617

2.5 $359 $481 $652 $725 $848HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$300 $350 $420 $450 $500

1 -$82 -$33 $35 $65 $113Yield 2 $183 $281 $418 $476 $574t/ha 2.8 $395 $532 $724 $806 $943

4 $713 $909 $1,183 $1,300 $1,496



$/ha $/ha


FABA BEAN GROSS MARGIN

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Faba Bean Gross Margin


2015INCOME YOUR

Rainfall Zone LOW MEDIUM HIGH ESTIMATEPrice (15/16 Forecast) $530 $530 $530Quality 6-8 mm Kabuli

Yield (t/ha) 0.7 1.3 2

GROSS INCOME $371 $689 $1,060

VARIABLE COSTS Rate/ha Rate/ha Rate/haSeed Cost Low $/ha Medium $/ha High $/ha

Seed $0.53 /kg @ 90 $47.70 100 $53.00 110 $58.30Seed Inoculant $18.00 /tonne @ 90 $1.62 100 $1.80 110 $1.98P-Pickel $82.00 /tonne @ 90 $7.38 100 $8.20 110 $9.02




Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentstrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.25 $7.50 1.25 $7.50 1.25 $7.50Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Balance® $0.38 /gram @ 100 $38.00 100 $38.00 100 $38.00

Post-emergentsSelect (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30InsecticidesOmethoate $29.00 /litre @ 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45 0.05 $1.45Karate Zeon® $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96FungicidesChlorothalonil $21.00 /litre @ 1 $21.00 1.5 $31.50 2 $42.00

DesiccationParaquat $7.00 /litre @ 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60 0.8 $5.60


Freight

Grain (t) $25.00 /tonne @ 0.7 $17.50 1.3 $32.50 2.0 $50.00Fertiliser (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 0.04 $0.80 0.06 $1.20 0.08 $1.60

Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0.00 $0.00 $0.00Windrowing $35.00 /ha @ $0.00 0 $0.00 0 $0.00Insurance $10.00 /$1000 @ $3.71 $6.89 $10.60Other $0.00 /ha

$0.00 /haTOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $266 $331 $398GROSS MARGIN/hectare $105 $358 $662Break Even Price (to cover variable costs only) $380 $254 $199Break Even Yield (to cover variable costs only) 0.50 0.62 0.75Gross Margin based on last 5 year average price $104 $357 $660

CHICKPEAS (6-8mm Kabuli) GROSS MARGIN

COMMENTSSeed is inoculated with a Group N inoculant. Do not excced 800ml/Ha Paraquat when desiccating to avoid possible residue issues

AGRONOMIC NOTESPrice is heavily dependant on grade and quality. Seek advice. May need to store product for up to 12 months before marketing

Chickpeas (6-8mm Kabuli) Gross Margin


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY LOW RAINFALLNet Price $/t

$400 $500 $530 $600 $7000.4 -$93 -$54 -$42 -$14 $25

Yield 0.7 $16 $84 $105 $153 $222

t/ha 1.2 $197 $314 $350 $432 $5491.8 $414 $590 $643 $766 $943

MEDIUM RAINFALLNet Price $/t

$400 $500 $530 $600 $7000.5 -$97 -$48 -$33 $1 $50

Yield 1.3 $193 $320 $358 $448 $575t/ha 1.8 $374 $550 $603 $726 $903

2.3 $554 $780 $847 $1,005 $1,231HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $500 $530 $600 $700

1 $45 $143 $173 $241 $339Yield 1.5 $226 $373 $417 $520 $667t/ha 2 $407 $603 $662 $799 $995

3 $769 $1,063 $1,151 $1,357 $1,651

HISTORIC PRICES AND TRENDSHISTORIC PRICES AND TRENDS


$/ha $/ha


CHICKPEAS GROSS MARGIN

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Chickpeas (6-8mm Kabuli) Gross Margin


Gross Margins – CanolaCanola now plays an important role in many rotations as an excellent break to most cereal diseases. Its reputation as a high risk crop was highlighted by the generally poor yield results achieved in 2014, but results in previous years had been quite good. The risk can be potentially managed, particularly in lower rainfall areas, by following some important principles.

Variety selectionRefer SARDI Sowing Guide 2015 http://grdc.com.au/SASowingGuide2015

The main features to consider when selecting a canola variety are maturity, yield, oil content, blackleg resistance, agronomic characteristics (early vigour and height), economics and the weed spectrum of the paddock. This Gross Margin guide includes three commonly used herbicide related production systems in South Australia (Conventional, Triazine Tolerant and Clearfield).

Consider:

y Matching maturity of variety to the rainfall and growing season length. The maturity of varieties relative to each other can vary between locations, years and sowing time.

y The likely weed spectrum: do you need a herbicide-tolerant production system? Remember that triazine tolerant varieties will incur a yield and oil penalty (compared to other varieties) when grown in situations where they are not warranted. Herbicide residues from previous years may also dictate which system should be used.

y The level of blackleg resistance required: a high level of resistance is preferred in mid to long season areas or when grown near last year’s canola stubble.

Using knowledge of Plant Available Water at seeding to reduce production risk.

The following discussion on managing production risk with canola was produced by Kirrily Condon, Grassroots Agronomy, NSW for the 2013 Canola Technology Updates (reproduced with permission).

Knowledge of the critical thresholds for PAW and sowing time , supported by calculations of potential yield, can help growers make tactical sowing decisions to minimise the downside risk of growing canola. The magnitude of these decisions will usually depend on the rainfall zone. For example:

y In low rainfall areas, canola may not be planned in the rotation but may be considered as an opportunity crop if the critical thresholds for PAW and sowing date are met.

y In medium rainfall areas, canola is often planned for the rotation but may be replaced with an alternative, such as a pulse crop, short season barley or fallow, if the critical thresholds for PAW and sowing date are not met.

y In high rainfall areas, the rotation is less likely to be changed, but the proportion of the rotation intended for canola may be reduced if the critical thresholds for PAW and sowing date are not met.


The following decision-support tree (Figure 2) has been adapted from an example produced by James Hunt, CSIRO, highlighting the options growers may consider, depending on their ability to meet the critical thresholds for plant available water and sowing time. It is important to remember that although summer rain fall plays a significant role in determining whether the thresholds are met, its value is limited unless growers have adopted diligent summer weed control practices to maximise moisture conservation. Nitrogen applications and plant density (canopy management) can also have a significant impact on soil moisture conditions in-crop and should be managed carefully to avoid excessive early growth and water use, particularly in low rainfall seasons or environments. However, it should also be noted that canola requires approximately 80kg of nitrogen (soil + fertiliser + mineralisation) per tonne of expected yield in favourable seasons to maximise potential.

Paddock with more than 50mm PAW

eg. following good summer rainfall, long fallow or brown manure, with moisture stored

by summer weed control

Sowing opportunity

before 1 May

Sowing opportunity

before 1 May

Low rainfall areas: opportunity canola crop

Low/medium rainfall areas: consider replacing canola with vetch or lupins

High rainfall areas: consider reducing area sown to canola

Sowing opportunity after 1 May

Sowing opportunity after 1 May

Low/medium rainfall areas: consider replacing canola with field peas, chickpeas or short season barley

High rainfall areas: consider ‘dry sowing’ if conditions are suitable

Low/medium rainfall areas: consider replacing canola with fallow, field peas or short season barley

High rainfall areas: consider reducing area sown to canola

Paddock with less than 50mm PAW

eg. low summer rainfall, with limited opportunity to store water

Canola Production Risk - Decision support tree


2015INCOME YOUR


Yield (t/ha) 0.8 1.5 2.2

GROSS INCOME $384 $720 $1,056


Seed Seed $25.00 /kg @ 1.5 $37.50 2 $50.00 2 $50.00

LeviesGRDC Levies 1.0% Gross Income $3.84 $7.20 $10.56State levies $0.30 /tonne sold $0.24 $0.45 $0.66



Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen 240g/L $16.00 /litre @ 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60Rustler (Propyzamide) $21.00 /litre @ 0 $0.00 1 $21.00 1 $21.00Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Post-emergentsVerdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30Select (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Clopyralid 300g/L $25.00 /litre @ 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75InsecticidesChlorpyrifos 500g/L $10.00 /litre @ 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00Talstar $44.00 /litre @ 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76Aphid Control $4.00 $4.00 $4.00Karate Zeon®(1) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96


Freight


Contract WorkAerial spraying $14.00 /ha @ $0.00 1 $14.00 1 $14.00Windrowing $35.00 /ha @ $0.00 1 $35.00 1 $35.00Insurance $12.00 /$1000 @ $4.61 $8.64 $12.67Urea spreading $8.50 /ha @ $0.00 1 $8.50 1 $8.50


CANOLA GROSS MARGIN Conventional Hybrid

COMMENTSDiamondback moth control may be required (1) Native Budworm control (1 in 4 years) . In low rainfall situations, oil penalties may apply conversely oil bonuses may be expected in high rainfall areas.

AGRONOMIC NOTESA maximum of 15 units of nitrogen and 10 units of phosphorus should be applied with seed. Nitrogen rate dependent ontarget yield. Sulphur required on sandy, neutral/acid soils and intensive cropping systems. Ensure insect control andgood seed/soil contact when sowing. Assumes direct heading in low rainfall/yielding situations. Direct heading isbecoming more widely used in all zones

Canola Gross Margin Conventional Hybrid



$400 $450 $480 $500 $5500.3 -$50 -$35 -$26 -$21 -$6

Yield 0.8 $133 $172 $196 $211 $250

t/ha 1.1 $243 $297 $329 $350 $404

1.5 $389 $462 $507 $536 $609MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

0.7 -$72 -$38 -$17 -$3 $31Yield 1.5 $221 $294 $338 $368 $441t/ha 2 $404 $502 $560 $599 $697

2.5 $587 $709 $782 $831 $953HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

1 -$14 $35 $64 $84 $133Yield 1.5 $169 $242 $286 $316 $389t/ha 2.2 $425 $533 $597 $640 $748

3 $718 $865 $953 $1,011 $1,158



$/ha $/ha


CANOLA GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

0

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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CANOLA HISTORIC PRICES

0

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Low Medium High

Canola Gross Margin Conventional Hybrid


2015INCOME YOUR


Yield (t/ha) 0.7 1.3 2



Seed Seed $12.50 /kg @ 3.5 $43.75 3.5 $43.75 3.5 $43.75




Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsSimazine 900g/kg $7.60 /kg @ 1.1 $8.36 1.5 $11.40 2 $15.20Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Glyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Oxyfluorfen 240g/L $16.00 /litre @ 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60Rustler (Propyzamide) $21.00 /litre @ 0 $0.00 1 $21.00 1 $21.00Post-emergentsSelect (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Verdict® 520 $44.00 /litre @ 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30 0.075 $3.30Clopyralid 300g/L $25.00 /litre @ 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75InsecticidesChlorpyrifos 500g/L $10.00 /litre @ 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00 0.5 $5.00Talstar $44.00 /litre @ 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76Aphid Control $4.00 $4.00 $4.00Karate Zeon®(1) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96


Freight

Grain (t) $25.00 /tonne @ 0.7 $17.50 1.3 $32.50 2 $50.00Fertiliser (t) $20.00 /tonne @ 0.035 $0.70 0.135 $2.70 0.195 $3.90



CANOLA GROSS MARGIN Triazine Tolerant

COMMENTSDiamondback moth control may be required (1) Native Budworm control (1 in 4 years) . In low rainfall situations, oil penalties may apply conversely oil bonuses may be expected in high rainfall areas.

AGRONOMIC NOTESA maximum of 15 units of nitrogen and 10 units of phosphorus should be applied with seed. Nitrogen rate dependent ontarget yield. Sulphur required on sandy, neutral/acid soils and intensive cropping systems. Ensure insect control andgood seed/soil contact when sowing. Assumes direct heading in low rainfall/ yielding situations. Direct heading isbecoming more widely used in all zones

Canola Gross Margin Triazine Tolerant



$400 $450 $480 $500 $5500.3 -$65 -$50 -$41 -$35 -$21

Yield 0.7 $82 $116 $137 $150 $185

t/ha 1.1 $228 $282 $314 $336 $390

1.5 $375 $448 $492 $521 $595MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

0.7 -$71 -$37 -$16 -$3 $32Yield 1.3 $148 $212 $250 $276 $339t/ha 2 $405 $502 $561 $600 $698

2.5 $587 $710 $783 $832 $954HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

1 -$11 $38 $67 $87 $136Yield 1.5 $172 $245 $289 $319 $392t/ha 2 $355 $453 $511 $550 $648

2.5 $538 $660 $733 $782 $904



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 6 3.30 2.47 harvest# 1 8.57 5.87


CANOLA GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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Low Medium High

Canola Gross Margin Triazine Tolerant


2015INCOME YOUR


Yield (t/ha) 0.75 1.4 2.1

GROSS INCOME $360 $672 $1,008


Seed Seed $25.00 /kg @ 1.5 $37.50 2 $50.00 2 $50.00




Summer Weed Control Various Allow $20.00 $20.00 $20.00Pre-emergentsGlyphosate 540 $7.00 /litre @ 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40 1.2 $8.40Trifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litre @ 1.2 $7.20 1.5 $9.00 1.7 $10.20Oxyfluorfen 240g/L $16.00 /litre @ 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60 0.1 $1.60Rustler (Propyzamide) $21.00 /litre @ 0 $0.00 1 $21.00 1 $21.00Post-emergentsIntervix $44.00 /litre @ 0.6 $26.40 0.6 $26.40 0.6 $26.40Adjuvant $5.00 /litre @ 0.375 $1.88 0.375 $1.88 0.375 $1.88Select (incl Oil) $12.00 /litre @ 0.4 $7.31 0.5 $8.51 0.5 $8.51Clopyralid 300g/L $25.00 /litre @ 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75 0.15 $3.75InsecticidesChlorpyrifos 500g/L $10.00 /litre @ 0.2 $2.00 0.2 $2.00 0.2 $2.00Talstar $44.00 /litre @ 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76 0.04 $1.76Aphid control $4.00 $4.00 $4.00Karate Zeon®(1) $165.00 /litre @ 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96 0.024 $3.96


Freight




CANOLA GROSS MARGIN Clearfield Hybrid

COMMENTSDiamondback moth control may be required(1) Native Budworm control (1 in 4 years) . In low rainfall situations, oil penalties may apply conversely oil bonuses may be expected in high rainfall areas.

AGRONOMIC NOTESA maximum of 15 units of nitrogen and 10 units of phosphorus should be applied with seed. Nitrogen rate dependent ontarget yield. Sulphur required on sandy, neutral/acid soils and intensive cropping systems. Ensure insect control andgood seed/soil contact when sowing. Assumes direct heading in low rainfall/yielding situations. Direct heading isbecoming more widely used in all zones

Canola Gross Margin Clearfield Hybrid



$400 $450 $480 $500 $5500.3 -$72 -$57 -$48 -$43 -$28

Yield 0.75 $93 $129 $151 $166 $203

t/ha 1.1 $221 $275 $307 $328 $382

1.5 $367 $441 $485 $514 $587MEDIUM RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

0.7 -$91 -$57 -$36 -$22 $12Yield 1.4 $165 $234 $275 $302 $371t/ha 2 $385 $483 $541 $580 $678

2.5 $568 $690 $763 $812 $934HIGH RAINFALL

Net Price $/t$400 $450 $480 $500 $550

1 -$30 $19 $48 $68 $117Yield 1.5 $153 $226 $270 $300 $373t/ha 2.1 $372 $475 $537 $578 $680

2.7 $592 $724 $803 $856 $988



$/ha $/ha

seed 1 3.89 4.87 spray 6 3.30 2.47 harvest# 1 8.57 5.87


CANOLA GROSS MARGIN

Repairs & Maint

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700

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

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Variable Costs

Low Medium High

Canola Gross Margin Clearfield Hybrid

Eyre Peninsula Land Use Support (EPLUS) Program

To find out more about EPLUS or to participate in the program phone

Bart Dessart (08) 8688 3402

The Eyre Peninsula Land Use Support (EPLUS) Program

aims to build the capacity of Eyre Peninsula communities,

farming businesses and local industries to enable them to

respond to changes brought on by exploration programs

in the region and potential mining developments.

The program provides a one-stop-shop for information,

targeted workshops throughout the region and linkages

to existing support services.

www.pir.sa.gov.au/eplus

The premier seed testing and certification provider for Australia’s commercial seed industry

SEED SERVICESAUSTRALIA


AssumptionsAve Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 28 Total DSE's 1840Number of breeding ewes (First Cross) 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0First cross ewe - Terminal meat sire

2015INCOME YOUR

$ ESTIMATEWool (kg greasy) 4423.2 Kg [ ave price 422 c/kg ] $18,673Sales 1339 animals [ ave price $96.26 per hd] $128,860

GROSS INCOME $147,533

VARIABLE COSTSShearing

Shearing 970 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,727(Federal awards) 19 rams @ $562.30 /100 $107Shed labour 5 days @ $211.64 /day $1,058Woolclasser 2.50 days @ $253.26 /day $633Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $430Work Cover (includes super + o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $181Wool packs 26 packs @ $10.60 /pack $276Shed sundries 989 sheep @ $0.15 /head $148Lice control 989 sheep @ $0.87 /head $860Crutch & Wig 990 ewes @ $81.53 /100 $807

19 rams @ $163.06 /100 $31Marking

Lamb marking 1150 lambs @ $1.00 /head $1,150Ear tags 1150 lambs @ $0.35 /head $403

Animal Health drench 3190 sheep @ $0.43 /head $1,372 vaccinate 3320 sheep @ $0.47 /head $1,554 blowfly control 1000 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,260Stock purchases

Purchases $45,846Sale Costs

Freight livestock 189 culls @ $3.50 /head $662

212 ewes @ $3.50 /head $7431150 prime lambs @ $3.50 /head $4,025

wool 26 bales @ $10.00 /bale $260Stock selling charges

commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $ $7,087 yard fees 1339 head @ $0.70 /head $937

levy-sheep 189 head @ $0.20 /head $38levy-lambs 1150 head @ $1.50 /head $1,725SA sheep industry 1339 head @ $0.35 /head $469Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $973wool levy @ 2.0% gross $373

Feed and Other Costs hay 20.4 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $3,672 grain 24.6 tonnes @ $250.00 /tonne $6,150

Insurance $169,600 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $339Water 1840 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $2,760Veh Fuel, R&M 1840 DSE's @ $1.20 /DSE $2,208Other 1840 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $920

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $92,184GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $55,349GROSS MARGIN/hectare $361GROSS MARGIN/DSE $30

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - HIGH RAINFALL (450mm+)

COMMENTS The wool price is 90% the price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2. No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and chemicals. These need to be separately accounted for.

Prime Lamb Gross Margin – High Rainfall (450mm+)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0 Culling Rate (% from each group)Total DSE's 1840 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 153 0.5 0%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 0%Ram percentage 2% 2.5 0%Age ewes bought (yrs) 1.5 3.5 0%Age ewes culled 6.5 4.5 0%Years rams kept 3 5.5 0%Flock death rate 3% 6.5 100%Average weaning rate 115%% Lambs carried over 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Age Totalc.f.a ewes 182 $75.00 6.5 $13,650c.f.a rams 6 $35.00 4.5 $210lambs 1150 $100.00 20 weeks $115,000TOTAL 1339 $96.26 $128,860PURCHASES Number Price/hd Age yrs Totalewes 212 $190 1.5 $40,349rams 7 $800 1.5 $5,497

STOCK HEALTH REQUIREMENTS Number of times

Number Drench Vacc. Blowfly DSEewes 1000 2 1 1 1.8rams 20 2 1 0 2lambs 1150 1 2 0TOTAL 2170 3190 3320 1000 1840

SHEARING Wool cut price TotalNumber kg/hd

ewes 970 4.50 $4.25 $18,543crossbred rams 19 3.00 $2.25 $131

TOTAL 989 4423 $18,673

FEEDINGHay Kgs Fed No weeks Total

Number Cost ($/T) per week of Feeding cost ($)ewes 1000 $180 2.5 8 $3,600rams 20 $180 2.5 8 $72

Grain Kgs Fed No weeks TotalNumber Cost ($/T) per week of Feeding cost ($)

ewes 1000 $250 3.0 8 $6,000rams 20 $250 3.0 10 $150

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - HIGH RAINFALLPrime Lamb Gross Margin – High Rainfall

G.M. SENSITIVITY GROSS MARGIN/DSE Average Weaning Rate (%)

95% 105% 115% 125% 135% 145%$75 $9 $12 $15 $19 $22 $25$80 $11 $15 $18 $22 $26 $29$85 $13 $17 $21 $25 $29 $33$90 $16 $20 $24 $28 $32 $37

Average $95 $18 $23 $27 $32 $36 $40Lamb Sale $100 $21 $25 $30 $35 $39 $44Price ($/hd) $105 $23 $28 $33 $38 $43 $48

$110 $26 $31 $36 $41 $46 $52$115 $28 $34 $39 $44 $50 $55$120 $31 $36 $42 $48 $53 $59$125 $33 $39 $45 $51 $57 $63

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - HIGH RAINFALL


Assumptions

Ave Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 19.5 Total DSE's 2390Number of breeding ewes 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0

2015INCOME YOUR

$ ESTIMATEWool (kg greasy) 9134 Kg [ ave price 743 c/kg ] $67,900Sales 862 animals [ ave price $83.77 per hd] $72,230



Shearing 2324 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $6,534(Federal Awards) 25 rams @ $562.30 /100 $141Shed labour 12 days @ $211.64 /day $2,540Woolclasser 6 days @ $253.26 /day $1,520Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $1,020Work Cover (includes super + o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $470Wool packs 54 packs @ $10.60 /pack $572Shed sundries 2349 sheep @ $0.15 /head $352Lice Control 2349 sheep @ $0.87 /head $2,044Crutch & wig 1424 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $1,161

25 rams @ $163.06 /100 $41Marking

Lamb marking 900 lambs @ $1.30 /head $1,170Pain relief 900 lambs @ $0.35 /head $315Ear tags 900 lambs @ $0.35 /head $315

Animal Health drench 3900 sheep @ $0.43 /head $1,677 vaccinate 3275 sheep @ $0.47 /head $1,533 blowfly control 1500 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,890Sale and Purchase Costs

Purchases 7 Merino rams @ $1,000.00 /head $7,000Freight 862 sheep @ $3.50 /head $3,017

54 bales @ $10.00 /bale $540Stock selling charges

commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $3,973 yard fees 862 head @ $0.70 /head $603 Sheep trans levy 412 head @ $0.20 /head $82

Lamb trans levy 450 head @ $1.50 /head $675SA sheep industry 862 head @ $0.35 /head $302Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $2,009Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $1,358

Feed and other CostsHand Feeding $6,915Insurance $198,943 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $398Water 2390 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $3,585Veh Fuel, R&M 2390 DSE's @ $1.20 /DSE $2,868Other 2390 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $1,195

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $57,813GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $82,317GROSS MARGIN/hectare $413

$34

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - HIGH RAINFALL (450mm+)

GROSS MARGIN /DSECOMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2. No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and chemicals. These need to be separately accounted for.

Self Replacing Merino Flock - High Rainfall (450mm+)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0 Culling Rate (% per each group)Total DSE's 2390 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 285 0.5 0% 100%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 51% 0%Ram percentage 2.5% 2.5 0% 0%Age wethers sold (yrs) 0.5 3.5 0% 0%Years rams kept 4 4.5 0% 0%Flock death rate 3% 5.5 0% 0%Average weaning rate 90% 6.5 100% 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Totalc.f.a ewes 182 $75.00 $13,650c.f.a merino rams 6 $35.00 $210ewe hoggets 224 $130.00 $29,120wether lambs 450 $65.00 $29,250TOTAL 862 $83.77 $72,230

STOCK HEALTH Number of times

Number DSE Drench Vacc. Blowflyewes 1000 1.8 2 1 1ewe hoggets 450 1.2 2 1 1wether weaners 0 0.8 1 1 0merino lambs 900 0.0 1 2 0merino rams 25 2.0 4 1 2TOTAL 2375 2390 3900 3275 1500Total Value $198,943

FEEDINGFeed Number of Hay kg/ animal Total

Animals Cost ($/T) cost ($)Oats/barley 833 $250 10 /ewe $2,083Lupins 833 $400 10 /ewe $3,332Lupins 375 $400 10 /weaner $1,500Total $6,915

SHEARING Wool cut Total Yield TotalNumber kg/hd Greasy kg (%) Clean kg

ewes 981 5.70 5592 70% 3914ewe hoggets 443 4.50 1995 70% 1396wether weaners 0 4.50 0 70% 0lambs 900 1.50 1350 70% 945merino rams 25 8.00 197 70% 138Adults 1449 5.68 7784Total 2349 9134 6394

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - HIGH RAINFALLSelf Replacing Merino Flock - High Rainfall (450mm+)

FLOCK STRUCTURE This table shows the number of merino sheep in each age group at mating

Class of Age GroupSheep 0.5 y.o. 1.5 y.o. 2.5 y.o. 3.5 y.o. 4.5 y.o. 5.5 y.o. 6.5 y.o.Ewes 450 212 206 200 194 188 0

Wethers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Rams 7 6 6 6 0 0

SENSITIVITY ANALYSISGROSS MARGIN/DSE Average Greasy Wool Price (c/Kg)

650 700 750 800 850 900$55 $21 $23 $25 $27 $29 $30$60 $23 $25 $27 $28 $30 $32$65 $25 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34$70 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $36

Average $75 $28 $30 $32 $34 $35 $37Sale Price $80 $30 $32 $33 $35 $37 $39All Sheep $85 $31 $33 $35 $37 $39 $41

($/hd) $90 $33 $35 $37 $39 $41 $42$95 $35 $37 $39 $40 $42 $44

$100 $36 $38 $40 $42 $44 $46$105 $38 $40 $42 $44 $46 $48

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - HIGH RAINFALL (450mm+)


Assumptions:Average Wether Fibre Diametre 19.5 Gross Margin per Ha $310Number of adult wethers 1000 Gross Margin per DSE $26Total DSE's 1200 Gross Margin/Wether $31Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0

2015INCOME YOUR

$ ESTIMATEWool (kg greasy) 6790 Kg [ave price 743 c/kg ] $50,477Sales 182 animals [ave price $85.00 per hd] $15,501


EXPENSESShearing

Shearing 970 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,727Shed labour 5 days @ $211.64 /day $1,058Woolclasser 3 days @ $253.26 /day $633Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $420Work Cover (on wages+super+o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $194Wool packs 40 packs @ $10.60 /pack $424Shed sundries 970 sheep @ $0.15 /head $146Lice control 970 sheep @ $0.87 /head $844Crutching 1000 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $815

Animal Health drench 1000 sheep @ $0.43 /head $430 vaccinate 1000 sheep @ $0.47 /head $468 blowfly control 1000 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,260

Other Expenses 0 sheep @ $0.00 /head $0Stock Purchases

Purchases 212 wethers @ $65.00 /head $13,780Sale costs and other

Freight livestock 395 @ $3.50 /head $1,383wool 40 bales @ $10.00 /bale $400

Stock selling charges commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $853 yard fees 182 head @ $0.70 /head $127

transaction levy 182 head @ $0.20 /head $36SA sheep industry 182 head @ $0.35 /head $64Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $1,494Industry levy @ 2.00% gross $1,010Other ExpensesHand Feeding $2,700Insurance 75000 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $150Water 1200 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $1,800Veh Fuel, R&M 1200 DSE's @ $1.00 /DSE $1,200Other Expenses 1200 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $600

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $35,015GROSS MARGIN $30,963GROSS MARGIN/hectare $310GROSS MARGIN/DSE $26

MERINO WETHERS - HIGH RAINFALL (450mm+)

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2. No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and chemicals. These need to be separately accounted for.

Merino Wethers - High Rainfall (450mm+)


PRODUCTION DATAStocking rate (DSE/Ha) 12.0 Culling Rate (% from each group) Stock Total DSE's 1200 Age group Ewes Wethers No'sSHEEP GRAZING AREA 100 0.5 0% 212Number of wethers 1000 1.5 0% 206Flock death rate 3% 2.5 0% 200Age wethers bought (yrs) 0.5 3.5 0% 194Age wethers culled 5.5 4.5 0% 188

5.5 100%

SALES Number Price/hd Age Totalc.f.a wethers 182 $85.00 5.5 $15,470TOTAL 182 $15,470PURCHASES Number Price/hd Age yrs Totalwethers 212 $65 0.5 $13,804

STOCK VALUE AND D.S.E REQUIREMENTValue Ave Live DSE

Number $/head Wt (Kgs) ratingwethers 1000 $75 55 1.2TOTAL 1000

STOCK HEALTH REQUIREMENTS Number of times DSE

Number Drench Vacc. Blowfly ratingwethers 1000 1 1 1 1.2TOTAL 1000 1000 1000 1000 1200


wethers 970 7.00 6790 70% 4753TOTAL 970 6790 4753

HAND FEEDINGkg fed /animal $/tonne Total

Oats/barley kg/wether 250 $0Hay 15 kg/wether 180 $2,700Lupins kg/wether 400 $0Total $2,700

MERINO WETHERS - HIGH RAINFALL

SENSITIVITY TABLEGROSS MARGIN/DSE Average Greasy Wool Price (c/Kg)

650 700 750 800 850 900$60 $17 $20 $23 $25 $28 $31$65 $18 $21 $23 $26 $29 $32$70 $18 $21 $24 $27 $30 $32$75 $19 $22 $25 $28 $30 $33

Average $80 $20 $23 $25 $28 $31 $34Sale Price $85 $21 $23 $26 $29 $32 $34of wethers $90 $21 $24 $27 $30 $32 $35

($/hd) $95 $22 $25 $28 $30 $33 $36$100 $23 $26 $28 $31 $34 $37$105 $23 $26 $29 $32 $35 $37$110 $24 $27 $30 $33 $35 $38

MERINO WETHERS - HIGH RAINFALL

Merino Wethers - High Rainfall


AssumptionsAve Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 21 Total DSE's 1850Number of breeding ewes (Merino) 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0Merino ewe - Terminal meat sire

2015INCOME YOUR




Shearing 970 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,727(Federal awards) 24 rams @ $562.30 /100 $135Shed labour 5 days @ $211.64 /day $1,058Woolclasser 2.5 days @ $253.26 /day $633Work Cover (includes super + o'time etc) @ 9.50% total $433Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 4.00% wages $182Wool packs 38 packs @ $10.60 /pack $403Shed sundries 994 sheep @ $0.15 /head $149Lice control 994 sheep @ $0.46 /head $456Crutch & Wig 0 lambs @ $81.53 /100 $0

1019 ewes @ $81.53 /100 $831Marking

Lamb marking 950 lambs @ $1.00 /head $950Ear tags 950 lambs @ $0.35 /head $333

Animal Health drench 2000 sheep @ $0.43 /head $860 vaccinate 2925 sheep @ $0.37 /head $1,088 blowfly control 1000 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,260Stock purchases


Freight livestock 239 culls @ $3.50 /head $837

262 ewes @ $3.50 /head $915950 prime lambs @ $3.50 /head $3,325


commissioninsurance @ 5.5% gross $5,675 yard fees 1189 head @ $0.70 /head $832

levy-sheep 239 head @ $0.20 /head $48levy-lambs 950 head @ $1.50 /head $1,425SA sheep industry lev 1189 head @ $0.35 /head $416Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 kg $1,403Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $899

Feed and Other CostsWater 1850 DSE's @ $2.50 /DSE $4,625Veh Fuel, R&M 1850 DSE's @ $1.20 /DSE $2,220Other 1850 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $925

hay 20.5 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $3,690 grain 24.8 tonnes @ $250.00 /tonne $6,188

Insurance $134,313 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $269TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $86,439GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $61,676GROSS MARGIN/hectare $200GROSS MARGIN/DSE $33

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - CEREAL ZONE (250 - 450mm)

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2.No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Prime Lamb Gross Margin - Cereal Zone (250 - 450mm)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0 Culling Rate (% from each group)Total DSE's 1850 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 308 0.5 0%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 0%Ram percentage 2.5% 2.5 0%Age ewes bought (yrs) 1.5 3.5 0%Age ewes culled 5.5 4.5 0%Years rams kept 3 5.5 100%Flock death rate 3% 6.5 0%Average weaning rate 95%% Lambs carried over 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Age Totalc.f.a ewes 232 $75.00 5.5 $17,400c.f.a rams 8 $35.00 4.5 $280lambs 950 $90.00 20 weeks $85,500TOTAL 1189 86.72 $103,180PURCHASES Number Price/hd Age yrs Totalewes 262 $130 1.5 $34,000rams 9 $800 1.5 $6,871



SHEARING Wool cut price TotalNumber kg/hd $

ewes 970 6.50 $7.10 44772crossbred rams 24 3.00 $2.25 164

TOTAL 994 6378 44935


Number Cost ($/T) per week of Feeding cost ($)ewes 1000 $180 2.5 8 $3,600rams 25 $180 2.5 8 $90


ewes 1000 $250 3.0 8 $6,000rams 25 $250 3.0 10 $188

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - CEREAL ZONEPrime Lamb Gross Margin - Cereal Zone


75% 85% 95% 105% 115% 125%$65 $15 $18 $21 $24 $27 $30$70 $17 $21 $24 $27 $30 $33$75 $19 $23 $26 $29 $33 $36$80 $21 $25 $28 $32 $36 $39


$100 $29 $34 $38 $43 $47 $52$105 $31 $36 $41 $46 $50 $55$110 $33 $38 $43 $48 $53 $59$115 $35 $40 $45 $51 $56 $62

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - CEREAL ZONE


Assumptions

Ave Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 21 Total DSE's 2360Number of breeding ewes 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0

2015INCOME YOUR




Shearing 2250 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $6,326(Federal Awards) 25 rams @ $562.30 /100 $141Shed labour 8 days @ $211.64 /day $1,693Woolclasser 4.0 days @ $253.26 /day $1,013Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $871Work Cover (includes super + o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $402Wool packs 62 packs @ $10.60 /pack $657Shed sundries 2274 sheep @ $0.15 /head $341Lice control 2274 sheep @ $0.87 /head $1,978Crutch & wig 1400 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $1,141

25 rams @ $163.06 /100 $41Marking

Lamb marking 850 lambs @ $1.30 /head $1,105Ear tags 850 lambs @ $0.35 /head $298

Animal Health drench 2325 sheep @ $0.43 /head $1,000 vaccinate 3150 sheep @ $0.37 /head $1,172 blowfly control 1450 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,827Sale and Purchase Costs

Purchases 7 Merino rams @ $1,000.00 /head $7,000Freight 813 sheep @ $3.50 /head $2,846


commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $3,645 yard fees 813 head @ $0.70 /head $569 sheep tran levy 388 head @ $0.20 /head $78

lamb trans levy 425 head @ $1.50 /head $638SA Sheep industry 813 head @ $0.35 /head $285wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $2,335Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $1,507


TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $61,114GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $80,530GROSS MARGIN/hectare $205

$34

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - CEREAL ZONE (250 - 450mm)

GROSS MARGIN /DSE

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2.No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Self Replacing Merino Flock - Cereal Zone (250 - 450mm)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0 Culling Rate (% per each group)Total DSE's 2360 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 285 0.5 0% 100%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 43% 0%Ram percentage 2.5% 2.5 5% 0%Age wethers sold (yrs) 0.5 3.5 5% 0%Years rams kept 4 4.5 5% 0%Flock death rate 3% 5.5 5% 0%Average weaning rate 85% 6.5 100% 0%Prime lamb weaning % 0%% mated for prime lms 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Totalc.f.a ewes 204 $75.00 $15,300c.f.a merino rams 6 $35.00 $210ewe hoggets 178 $130.00 $23,140wether lambs 425 $65.00 $27,625TOTAL 813 $81.52 $66,275


Number DSE Drench Vacc. Blowflyewes 1000 1.8 1 1 1ewe hoggets 425 1.2 1 1 1wether weaners 0 0.8 1 1 1merino lambs 850 0.0 1 2 0merino rams 25 2.0 2 1 1TOTAL 2300 2360 2325 3150 1450Total Value $187,485

FEEDINGFeed Number of Fodder kg/ animal Total

Animals Cost ($/T) cost ($)Oats/barley 1000 $250 24 /ewe $6,000Hay 1000 $180 20 /ewe $3,600Lupins 425 $400 10 /weaner $1,700Total $11,300



SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - CEREAL ZONE



Wethers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Rams 7 6 6 6 0 0

SENSITIVITY ANALYSISGROSS MARGIN/DSE Average Greasy Wool Price (c/Kg)

600 650 710 750 800 850$50 $19 $21 $24 $26 $28 $30$55 $21 $23 $25 $27 $29 $32$60 $22 $24 $27 $29 $31 $33$65 $24 $26 $29 $31 $33 $35

Average $70 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $37Sale Price $75 $27 $29 $32 $34 $36 $38All Sheep $82 $29 $32 $34 $36 $38 $40

($/hd) $85 $30 $33 $35 $37 $39 $41$90 $32 $34 $37 $39 $41 $43$95 $34 $36 $39 $40 $42 $45

$100 $35 $37 $40 $42 $44 $46

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - CEREAL ZONE

Self Replacing Merino Flock - Cereal Zone


Assumptions:Average Wether Fibre Diameter 21 Gross Margin per Ha $157Number of adult wethers 1000 Gross Margin per DSE $26Total DSE's 1200 Gross Margin/Wether $31Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0

2015INCOME YOUR



EXPENSESShearing

Shearing 970 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,727Shed labour 4 days @ $211.64 /day $847Woolclasser 2 days @ $253.26 /day $507Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $340Work Cover (on wages+super+o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $157Wool packs 43 packs @ $10.60 /pack $456Shed sundries 970 sheep @ $0.15 /head $146Lice control 970 sheep @ $0.87 /head $844Crutching 1000 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $815






transaction levy 182 head @ $0.20 /head $36SA sheep industry 182 head @ $0.35 /head $64Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $1,601Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $1,033Other ExpensesHand Feeding $2,700Insurance 75000 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $150Water 1200 DSE's @ $2.50 /DSE $3,000Veh Fuel, R&M 1200 DSE's @ $1.00 /DSE $1,200Other Expenses 1200 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $600

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $35,855GROSS MARGIN $31,306GROSS MARGIN/hectare $157GROSS MARGIN/DSE $26

MERINO WETHERS - CEREAL ZONE (250 - 450mm)

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings, locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 kg liveweight Merino wether with a body condition score of 2. No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Merino Wethers - Cereal Zone (250 - 450mm)


PRODUCTION DATAStocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0 Culling Rate (% from each group) StockTotal DSE's 1200 Age group Ewes Wethers No'sSHEEP GRAZING AREA 200 0.5 0% 212Number of wethers 1000 1.5 0% 206Flock death rate 3% 2.5 0% 200Age wethers bought (yrs) 0.5 3.5 0% 194Age wethers culled 5.5 4.5 0% 188

5.5 100%







wethers 970 7.50 7275 68% 4947TOTAL 970 7275 4947


Oats/barley 0 kg/wether 250 $0Hay 15 kg/wether 180 $2,700Lupins kg/wether 400 $0Total $2,700

MERINO WETHERS - CEREAL ZONE


600 650 710 750 800 850$60 $16 $19 $22 $25 $28 $31$65 $17 $20 $23 $26 $29 $32$70 $17 $20 $24 $26 $29 $32$75 $18 $21 $25 $27 $30 $33

Average $80 $19 $22 $25 $28 $31 $34Sale Price $85 $20 $23 $26 $28 $31 $34of wethers $90 $20 $23 $27 $29 $32 $35

($/hd) $95 $21 $24 $28 $30 $33 $36$100 $22 $25 $28 $31 $34 $37$105 $22 $25 $29 $31 $34 $37$110 $23 $26 $30 $32 $35 $38

MERINO WETHERS - CEREAL ZONE

Merino Wethers - Cereal Zone


Assumptions (Lambs sold to specialist finisher)Ave Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 22 Total DSE's 1858Number of breeding ewes 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14Merino ewes - Terminal meat sire

2015INCOME YOUR




Shearing 950 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,671(Federal awards) 24 rams @ $562.30 /100 $135Shed labour 5 days @ $211.64 /day $1,058Woolclasser 2.50 days @ $253.26 /day $633Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $427Work Cover (on wages+super+o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $180Wool packs 34 packs @ $10.60 /pack $360Shed sundries 974 sheep @ $0.15 /head $146Lice control 974 sheep @ $0.87 /head $847Crutch & Wig 800 lambs @ $81.53 /100 $652

998 adults @ $81.53 /100 $814Marking

Lamb marking 800 lambs @ $1.00 /head $800Ear tags 800 lambs @ $0.35 /head $280

Animal Health drench 0 sheep @ $0.43 /head $0 vaccinate 1825 sheep @ $0.37 /head $679 blowfly control 1000 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,260Stock purchases


Freight livestock 220 culls @ $6.00 /head $1,320

270 ewes @ $6.00 /head $1,617800 prime lambs @ $6.00 /head $4,800


commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $3,925 yard fees 1020 head @ $0.70 /head $714

levy-sheep 220 head @ $0.20 /head $44levy-lambs 800 head @ $1.50 /head $1,200SA sheep industry 1020 head @ $0.35 /head $357wool selling chargesIndustry levy @ 2.0% gross $746brokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $1,270

Feed and Other CostsWater 1858 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $2,786Veh Fuel, R&M 1858 DSE's @ $1.70 /DSE $3,158Other 1858 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $929

hay 0.0 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $0 grain 0.0 tonnes @ $250.00 /tonne $0

Insurance $123,188 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $246TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $74,222GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $34,448GROSS MARGIN/hectare $2.60GROSS MARGIN/DSE $19

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - PASTORAL ZONE (<250mm)

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body conditionscore of 2.

Prime Lamb Gross Margin - Pastoral Zone (<250mm)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14 Culling Rate (% from each group)Total DSE's 1858 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 13268 0.5 0%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 0%Ram percentage 2.5% 2.5 0%Age ewes bought (yrs) 1.5 3.5 0%Age ewes culled 5.5 4.5 100%Years rams kept 4 5.5 0%Flock death rate 5% 6.5 0%Average weaning rate 80%% Lambs carried over 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Age Totalc.f.a ewes 220 $70.00 5.5 $15,400c.f.a rams 0 $35.00 5.5 $0lambs 800 $70.00 16 weeks $56,000TOTAL 1020 $70.00 $71,400PURCHASES Number Price/hd Age yrs Totalewes 270 $130 1.5 $35,042rams 7 $700 1.5 $4,717



SHEARING Wool cut price TotalNumber kg/hd

ewes 950 6.00 $6.52 37141crossbred rams 24 3.00 $2.25 160

TOTAL 974 5771 37302


Number Cost ($/T) per week of Feeding cost ($)ewes 1000 $180 3.0 0 $0rams 24 $180 3.0 0 $0


ewes 1000 $250 0.0 0 $0rams 24 $250 3.0 0 $0

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - PASTORAL ZONE


50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%$40 $2 $3 $5 $6 $8 $9$45 $3 $5 $7 $8 $10 $12$50 $4 $6 $8 $10 $12 $14$55 $6 $8 $10 $12 $15 $17


$75 $11 $14 $17 $21 $24 $27$80 $12 $16 $19 $23 $26 $30$85 $13 $17 $21 $25 $28 $32$90 $15 $19 $23 $27 $31 $35

PRIME LAMB GROSS MARGIN - PASTORAL ZONE

Prime Lamb Gross Margin - Pastoral Zone


Assumptions

Ave Breeding Ewe Fibre Diameter 22 Total DSE's 2610Number of breeding ewes 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14

2015INCOME YOUR




Shearing 2451 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $6,891(Federal Awards) 29 rams @ $562.30 /100 $163Shed labour 10 days @ $211.64 /day $2,116Woolclasser 5 days @ $253.26 /day $1,266Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $991Work Cover (includes super + o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $457Wool packs 66 packs @ $10.60 /pack $700Shed sundries 2481 sheep @ $0.15 /head $372Lice control 2481 sheep @ $0.87 /head $2,158Crutch & wig 1701 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $1,387

MarkingLamb marking 750 lambs @ $1.30 /head $975Ear tags 750 lambs @ $0.35 /head $263

Animal Health drench 0 sheep @ $0.43 /head $0 vaccinate 2905 sheep @ $0.37 /head $1,081 blowfly control 1000 sheep @ $1.26 /head $1,260

other 0 sheep @ $0.00 /head $0Sale and Purchase Costs

Purchases 8 Merino rams @ $900.00 /head $7,200Freight 669 sheep @ $6.00 /head $4,014


commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $2,687 yard fees 669 head @ $0.70 /head $468

transaction levy 669 head @ $0.20 /head $134SA sheep industry 669 head @ $0.35 /head $234Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $2,473Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $1,465

Feed and other CostsHand Feeding $0Insurance $184,734 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $369Water 2610 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $3,915Veh Fuel, R&M 2610 DSE's @ $1.70 /DSE $4,437Other 2610 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $1,305

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $49,574GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $72,522GROSS MARGIN/hectare $3.89

$28

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - PASTORAL ZONE (<250mm)

GROSS MARGIN /DSE

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the wool price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2.

Self Replacing Merino Flock - Pastoral Zone (<250mm)


PRODUCTION DATA

Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14 Culling Rate (% per each group)Total DSE's 2610 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 18643 0.5 0% 0%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 38% 100%Ram percentage 3.0% 2.5 0% 0%Age wethers sold (yrs) 1 3.5 0% 0%Years rams kept 4 4.5 0% 0%Flock death rate 5% 5.5 0% 0%Average weaning rate 75% 6.5 100% 0%Prime lamb weaning % 0%% mated for prime lms 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Totalc.f.a ewes 171 $70.00 $11,970c.f.a merino rams 7 $35.00 $245ewe hoggets 135 $100.00 $13,500wether hoggets 356 $65.00 $23,140TOTAL 669 $73.02 $48,855


Number DSE Drench Vacc. Jetewes 1000 1.8 0 1 1ewe hoggets 375 1.2 0 1 0wether weaners 375 0.8 0 0 0merino lambs 750 0.0 0 2 0merino rams 30 2.0 0 1 0TOTAL 2530 2610 0 2905 1000Total Value $184,734

FEEDINGFeed Number of Hay kg/ animal Total

Animals Cost ($/T) fed cost ($)Oats/barley 1000 $250 0.0 /ewe $0Hay 1000 $180 0.0 /ewe $0Lupins 750 $400 0.0 /weaner $0Total $0



SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - PASTORAL ZONE



Wethers 375 0 0 0 0 0 0Rams 8 8 7 7 0 0

SENSITIVITY ANALYSISGROSS MARGIN/HA Average Greasy Wool Price (c/Kg)

500 550 600 650 700 750$45 $15 $17 $19 $21 $23 $25$50 $16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26$55 $17 $19 $21 $23 $25 $28$60 $18 $20 $22 $25 $27 $29

Average $65 $19 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30Sale $73 $21 $23 $26 $28 $30 $32

Price ($/hd) $78 $23 $25 $27 $29 $31 $33$83 $24 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34$88 $25 $27 $29 $31 $33 $36$93 $26 $28 $30 $33 $35 $37$98 $27 $30 $32 $34 $36 $38

SELF REPLACING MERINO FLOCK - PASTORAL ZONE

Self Replacing Merino Flock - Pastoral Zone


Assumptions:Average Wether Fibre Diameter 22 Gross Margin per Ha $3.5Number of adult wethers 1000 Gross Margin per DSE $25Total DSE's 1200 Gross Margin/Wether $30Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14

2015INCOME YOUR

$ ESTIMATEWool (kg greasy) 6720 Kg [ave price 652 c/kg ] $43,788Sales 226 animals [ave price $80.00 per hd] $18,041


EXPENSESShearing

Shearing 960 sheep @ $281.15 /100 $2,699Shed labour 4 days @ $211.64 /day $847Woolclasser 2 days @ $253.26 /day $507Superannuation (on ordinary wages only) @ 9.5% wages $385Work Cover (on wages+super+o'time etc) @ 4.0% total $157Wool packs 40 packs @ $10.60 /pack $424Shed sundries 960 sheep @ $0.15 /head $144Lice control 960 sheep @ $0.87 /head $835Crutching 1000 sheep @ $81.53 /100 $815






transaction levy 226 head @ $0.20 /head $45SA sheep industry 226 head @ $0.35 /head $79Wool selling chargesbrokerage/testing/insurance @ $0.22 /kg $1,478Industry levy @ 2.0% gross $876Other ExpensesHand Feeding $0Insurance 72500 value @ $2.00 /$'000 $145Water 1200 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $1,800Veh Fuel, R&M 1200 DSE's @ $1.50 /DSE $1,800Other Expenses 1200 DSE's @ $0.50 /DSE $600

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $31,814GROSS MARGIN $30,014GROSS MARGIN/hectare $3.50GROSS MARGIN/DSE $25

MERINO WETHERS - PASTORAL ZONE (<250mm)

COMMENTSThe wool price is 90% the price for that micron. This takes into account the lower value of bellies, skirtings,locks etc. Super/workcover expenses relate only to shearing. DSE ratings are based on the maintenance feed requirements of a 2 year old, 50 Kg liveweight Merino Wether with a body condition score of 2.

Merino Wethers - Pastoral Zone (<250mm)


PRODUCTION DATAStocking rate (DSE/Ha) 0.14 Culling Rate (% from each group) StockTotal DSE's 1200 Age group Ewes Wethers No'sSHEEP GRAZING AREA 8571 0.5 0% 0Number of wethers 1000 1.5 0% 266Flock death rate 4% 2.5 0% 255Age wethers bought (yrs) 1.5 3.5 0% 245Age wethers culled 5.5 4.5 0% 235

5.5 100%







wethers 960 7.00 6720 63% 4234TOTAL 960 6720 4234


Oats/barley 0 kg/wether 250 $0Hay 0 kg/wether 180 $0Lupins 0 kg/wether 400 $0Total $0

MERINO WETHERS - PASTORAL ZONE


500 550 600 650 700 750$55 $12 $15 $18 $20 $23 $26$60 $13 $16 $19 $21 $24 $27$65 $14 $17 $20 $22 $25 $28$70 $15 $18 $20 $23 $26 $29

Average $75 $16 $19 $21 $24 $27 $30Sale $80 $17 $19 $22 $25 $28 $30

Price ($/hd) $85 $18 $20 $23 $26 $29 $31$90 $18 $21 $24 $27 $29 $32$95 $19 $22 $25 $28 $30 $33

$100 $20 $23 $26 $28 $31 $34$105 $21 $24 $27 $29 $32 $35

MERINO WETHERS - PASTORAL ZONE

Merino Wethers - Pastoral Zone


Assumptions

Total DSE's 2540Number of breeding ewes 1000 Stocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0

2015INCOME YOUR

$ ESTIMATE$0

Sales 1109 animals [ ave price $94.85 per hd] $105,150GROSS INCOME $105,150

VARIABLE COSTS$0

MarkingLamb marking 1150 lambs @ $1.00 /head $1,150Ear tags 1150 lambs @ $0.35 /head $403

Animal Health drench 2775 sheep @ $0.43 /head $1,193 vaccinate 3900 sheep @ $0.37 /head $1,451 blowfly control 0 sheep @ $1.26 /head $0

Lice control 0 sheep @ $0.87 /head $0Sale and Purchase Costs

Purchases 7 rams @ $750.00 /head $5,250Freight 204 ewes @ $3.50 /head $714

6 rams @ $3.50 /head $21324 hoggets @ $3.50 /head $1,134575 lambs @ $3.50 /head $2,013

Stock selling charges commission/insurance @ 5.5% gross $5,783 yard fees 1109 head @ $0.70 /head $776 sheep tran levy 534 head @ $0.20 /head $107

lamb trans levy 575 head @ $1.50 /head $863SA Sheep industr 1109 head @ $0.35 /head $388

$0$0


TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $43,319GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $61,831GROSS MARGIN/hectare $146GROSS MARGIN /DSE $24

CLEANSKIN SHEEP - CEREAL ZONE (250 - 450mm)

COMMENTSAssumes flock is fully wool shedding and therefore no shearing, crutching or lice control costs are included. Assumes only one lambing per year.No allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Cleanskin Sheep - Cereal Zone (250 - 450mm)


PRODUCTION DATAStocking rate (DSE/Ha) 6.0 Culling Rate (% per each group)Total DSE's 2540 Age group Ewes WethersSHEEP GRAZING AREA 423 0.5 0% 100%Number of ewes mated 1000 1.5 58% 0%Ram percentage 2.5% 2.5 5% 0%Age wethers sold (yrs) 0.5 3.5 5% 0%Years rams kept 4 4.5 5% 0%Flock death rate 3% 5.5 5% 0%Average weaning rate 115% 6.5 100% 0%

SALES Number Price/hd Total

c.f.a ewes 204 $70.00 $14,280c.f.a rams 6 $40.00 $240ewe hoggets 324 $120.00 $38,880wether lambs 575 $90.00 $51,750TOTAL 1109 $94.85 $105,150

STOCK HEALTH

Number DSE Drench Vacc. Blowfly Liceewes 1000 1.8 1 1 0 0ewe hoggets 575 1.2 1 1 0 0wether weaners 0 0.8 1 1 0 0lambs 1150 0.0 1 2 0 0rams 25 2.0 2 1 0 0TOTAL 2750 2540 2775 3900 0 0Total Value $260,850

FEEDING Number of Fodder kg/ animal TotalFeed Animals Cost ($/T) cost ($)

Oats/barley 1000 $250 24 /ewe $6,000Hay 1000 $180 20 /ewe $3,600Lupins 575 $400 10 /weaner $2,300Total $11,900

Number of times

CLEANSKIN SHEEP - CEREAL ZONE

FLOCK STRUCTURE This table shows the number of sheep in each age group at matingClass of Age Group

Sheep 0.5 y.o. 1.5 y.o. 2.5 y.o. 3.5 y.o. 4.5 y.o. 5.5 y.o. 6.5 y.o.Ewes 575 234 216 199 183 169 0

Wethers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Rams 7 6 6 6 0 0

SENSITIVITY ANALYSISGROSS MARGIN/DSE Average Weaning Percentage

95 105 115 125 135 145$70 $14 $17 $20 $23 $26 $29$75 $15 $18 $21 $24 $28 $31$80 $16 $19 $22 $26 $29 $32$85 $16 $20 $23 $27 $30 $34$90 $17 $21 $24 $28 $31 $35

Sale Price $95 $18 $22 $25 $29 $33 $36Lambs $100 $19 $23 $27 $30 $34 $38($/hd) $105 $20 $24 $28 $31 $35 $39

$110 $21 $25 $29 $33 $36 $40$115 $22 $26 $30 $34 $38 $42$120 $23 $27 $31 $35 $39 $43

CLEANSKIN SHEEP - CEREAL ZONE

Cleanskin Sheep - Cereal Zone


Assumptions: (Breeding young cattle for local trade, grass fattened)Breeding Cow 15 DSE 100 Cow breeding herdCalf Weaning 90% 13 cows replaced per yearHerd Deaths 3% 3% Bulls bought for $3,000Cows c.f.a 10 years old sold for $1,200Uses 13 heifers as replacements after 3 yearsCarry over calf 8 DSE 40% carryover to heavier weightsWeaned @ 8 months 6 months extra carry overHeifers mated @ 15 months 1891 Herd DSEStocking rate 10 DSE/ha Drench cows 2 xArea required 189 hectares Drench calves 1 xFeeds 35 kg/DSE hay equivalent supplement

2015INCOME YOUR

ESTIMATEStock sales 54 vealers @ 280 kg liveweight@ $1.85 /kg L/W $27,972

22 yearlings 420 kg liveweight@ $1.70 /kg L/W $15,929Culls 10 Cows @ 550 kg liveweight@ $1.30 /kg L/W $6,854

1 bull@ $1,200GROSS INCOME $51,956

VARIABLE COSTSBull PurchasesNo. of bulls 1 $3,000.00 total $3,000Veterinary & MedicinesDrench - cows 2x calves 1x 290 @ $2.82 /head $818Ear Tags NLIS 90 @ $3.90 /tag $351Lice Treatments 0 @ $0.00 /dose $0Vaccine (5 in 1) 180 @ $1.46 /dose $262

Supplementary FeedHay 66 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $11,880Grain 0.00 t/head @ $250.00 /tonne $0Blocks/ Mineral Mix 100 @ $5.00 /head $500Sale costs and otherInsurance $119,000 @ $2.00 /$1000 $238Water 1891 dse's @ $1.50 $2,836Veh Fuel, R&M 1891 dse's @ $1.00 $1,891Other 1891 dse's @ $0.50 $945Transport: Lvstk 87 head @ $20.00 /head $1,738

Commission @ 5.5% $2,858Levies @ $5.00 /head $434

TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS $27,750GROSS MARGIN TOTAL $24,205GROSS MARGIN PER COW $242GROSS MARGIN/DSE $12.80GROSS MARGIN/hectare $128.03

BEEF CATTLE - HIGH RAINFALL

COMMENTSLivestock weight will vary between cattle breed, feed type and ageNo allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Beef Cattle - High Rainfall


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY PER COW$/kg Liveweight(yearlings/steers)

$1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 $2.2560% -$18 $17 $53 $89 $12465% $3 $42 $82 $122 $16270% $24 $68 $112 $156 $20075% $45 $93 $141 $189 $238

Weaning 80% $66 $118 $171 $223 $276% 85% $87 $143 $200 $257 $313

90% $108 $168 $229 $290 $35195% $129 $194 $259 $324 $389

100% $150 $219 $288 $357 $427PER Ha

$/kg Liveweight(yearlings/steers)$1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 $2.25

60% -$10 $9 $28 $47 $6665% $1 $22 $44 $65 $8670% $12 $36 $59 $82 $10675% $24 $49 $75 $100 $126

Weaning 80% $35 $62 $90 $118 $146% 85% $46 $76 $106 $136 $166

90% $57 $89 $121 $154 $18695% $68 $102 $137 $171 $206

100% $79 $116 $152 $189 $226

BEEF CATTLE - HIGH RAINFALL

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

$/C

ow

Variable Costs

Cost/cow

Beef Cattle - High Rainfall


Assumptions: (Breeding young cattle for local trade, grass fattened)Breeding Cow 14.5 DSE 100 Cow breeding herdCalf Weaning 85% 13 cows replaced per yearHerd Deaths 3% 3% Bulls bought for $3,000Cows c.f.a 10 years old sold for $1,200Uses 13 heifers as replacements after 3 yearsCarry over calf 8 DSE 50% carryover to heavier weightsWeaned @ 8 months 6 months extra carry overHeifers mated @ 15 months 1941 Herd DSEStocking rate 5.00 DSE/ha Drench cows 2 xArea required 388 hectares Drench calves 1 xFeeds 35 kg/DSE hay equivalent supplement

2015INCOME YOUR

ESTIMATEStock sales 43 vealers @ 270 kg liveweight @ $1.85 /kg L/W $21,229

29 yearlings 400 kg liveweight @ $1.70 /kg L/W $19,458Culls 10 Cows @ 550 kg liveweight @ $1.30 /kg L/W $6,854

1 bull@ $1,200


VARIABLE COSTSBull PurchasesNo. of bulls 1 @ $3,000 total $3,000Veterinary & MedicinesDrench - cows 2x calves 1x 285 @ $2.82 /head $804Ear Tags 85 @ $3.90 /tag $332Lice Treatments 0 @ $0.00 /dose $0Vaccine (5 in 1) 170 @ $1.46 /dose $248

Supplementary FeedHay 68 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $12,240Grain 0.00 t/head @ $250.00 /tonne $0Blocks/ Mineral Mix 100 @ $5.00 /head $500Sale costs and otherInsurance $117,250 @ $2.00 /$1000 $235Water 1941 dse's @ $2.50 $4,852Veh Fuel, R&M 1941 dse's @ $1.00 $1,941Other 1941 dse's @ $0.50 $970Transport: Lvstk 82 head @ $20.00 /head $1,634



BEEF CATTLE - CEREAL ZONE

COMMENTSNo allowance has been made for pasture expenses such as seed, fertiliser and weed control. These need to be separately accounted for.

Beef Cattle - Cereal Zone


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY PER COW$/kg Liveweight(yearlings/steers)

$1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 $2.2560% -$37 $0 $36 $72 $10865% -$16 $25 $65 $106 $14670% $5 $50 $94 $139 $18475% $26 $75 $124 $173 $221

Weaning 80% $47 $100 $153 $206 $259% 85% $68 $125 $182 $240 $297

90% $89 $150 $212 $273 $33495% $110 $175 $241 $307 $372

100% $131 $201 $270 $340 $410PER Ha

$/kg Liveweight(yearlings/steers)$1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00 $2.25

60% -$9 $0 $9 $19 $2865% -$4 $6 $17 $27 $3870% $1 $13 $24 $36 $4775% $7 $19 $32 $44 $57

Weaning 80% $12 $26 $39 $53 $67

% 85% $18 $32 $47 $62 $7690% $23 $39 $55 $70 $8695% $28 $45 $62 $79 $96

100% $34 $52 $70 $88 $106

BEEF CATTLE - CEREAL ZONE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

$/C

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Variable Costs

Cost/cow

Beef Cattle - Cereal Zone


Assumptions: (Breeding young cattle for store trade)Breeding Cow 15 DSE 100 Cow breeding herdCalf Weaning 80% 13 cows replaced per yearHerd Deaths 3% 3% Bulls bought for $3,000Cows c.f.a 10 years old sold for $1,100Uses 13 heifers as replacements after 3 yearsCarry over calf 8 DSE 100% carryover to heavier weightsWeaned @ 8 months 6 months extra carry overHeifers mated @ 15 months 2248 Herd DSEStocking rate 2.5 DSE/ha Drench cows 0 xArea required 899 hectares Drench calves 0 xFeeds 20 kg/DSE hay equivalent supplement

2015INCOME YOUR

ESTIMATEStock sales 67 yearlings 360 kg liveweight @ $1.60 /kg $38,592Culls 10 Cows @ 550 kg lwt @ $1.20 /kg $6,600

1 bull@ $1,100GROSS INCOME $46,292

VARIABLE COSTSBull DepreciationBull purchase 1 @ $3,000 total $3,000Veterinary & MedicinesDrench 0 @ $2.82 /head $0Ear Tags 80 @ $3.90 /tag $312Lice Treatments 196 @ $0.00 /dose $0Vaccine (5 in 1) 160 @ $1.46 /dose $233Supplementary FeedHay 45 tonne @ $180.00 /tonne $8,100Grain 0.00 t/head @ $250.00 /tonne $0Sale costs and otherInsurance $111,500 @ $2.00 /$1000 $223Water 2248 dse's @ $2.50 $5,620Veh Fuel, R&M 2248 dse's @ $1.00 $2,248Other 2248 dse's @ $0.50 $1,124Transport: Lvstk 78 head @ $20.00 /head $1,560



BEEF CATTLE - PASTORAL

COMMENTSFeed costs include an allowance for drought fodder.Livestock weight will vary between cattle breed, feed type and age.

Beef Cattle - Pastoral


GROSS MARGIN SENSITIVITY PER COW$/kg LWT yearlings/steers)

$1.00 $1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.0060% -$7 $35 $77 $120 $16265% $11 $57 $104 $151 $19870% $29 $80 $131 $183 $23475% $47 $102 $158 $214 $270

Weaning 80% $65 $125 $185 $246 $306% 85% $83 $147 $212 $277 $342

90% $101 $170 $239 $309 $37895% $119 $192 $266 $340 $414

100% $137 $215 $293 $372 $450PER Ha

$/kg LWT (yearlings/steers)$1.00 $1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $2.00

60% -$1 $4 $9 $13 $1865% $1 $6 $12 $17 $2270% $3 $9 $15 $20 $2675% $5 $11 $18 $24 $30

Weaning 80% $7 $14 $21 $27 $34

% 85% $9 $16 $24 $31 $3890% $11 $19 $27 $34 $4295% $13 $21 $30 $38 $46

100% $15 $24 $33 $41 $50

BEEF CATTLE - PASTORAL

0

10

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40

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90

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ow

Variable Costs

Cost/cow

Beef Cattle - Pastoral


SHEEPLice Control Extinosad $43.50 /litre

$0.87 /20ml doseDrench Hat-trick $43.00 /litre

$0.43 /10ml doseVaccine 3 in 1 $93.00 250ml

$0.37 /1ml dose6 in 1 $117.00 250ml

$0.47 /1ml doseBlowfly Control Clik $52.50 /litre

$1.26 /24 ml doseWool packs nylon $10.60 ea

Shearing Sheep $281.15 /100rams $562.30 /100shed labour $211.64 /daywool classer $253.26 daysuperannuation 9.50% wagesWork Cover-Allow 4.00% totalshed sundries $0.15 /head

Crutching sheep $81.53 /100rams $163.06 /100

lamb marking mulesing / materials $1.30 /headmarking only $1.00 /headear tags $0.35 /head

Stock purchaces purchase rams $750.00 /headpurchase wethers $45.00 /head

Stock selling commission/insurance 5.5%yard fees $0.70 /headsheep transaction levy $0.20 /headlamb transaction levy $1.50 /headSA sheep industry levy $0.35 /headwool brokerage / testing / insurance $0.22 /kgwool levy 2.0%

BEEFDrench (backline) Genesis Pour-on $112.80 /litre

$2.82 /25ml dose7 in 1 vaccine $182.00 /250 ml

$1.46 /2.5ml dose

Trace Element treatments $3.00 /headHGP implant $1.75Vitamin injection $1.30

NLIS Breeder Tags (incl levy) $3.90 each

freight cattle in $15.00 /headfreight cattle out $20.00 /headCattle levy $5.00 /head

FEED & OTHER COSTS water $2.50 /DSEVeh fuel, R&M $1.00 /DSEother $0.50 /DSEhay $180.00 /tonne incl freightFeed Cereal grain $250.00 /tonne incl freightlupins $400.00 /tonne incl freight

FARM COSTS - 2014Note: The below costs have been collected from a number of regional sources and should be seen as an approximate guide only. Costs will vary depending on situation. Usersof this publication should ascertain the relevance of these costs to their particular situation and make adjustments to gross margin budgets if required.

Farm Costs 2015


CHEMICAL COSTS - HERBICIDES2,4-D Amine (625g/l) $5.00 /litreAchieve® WG $65.00 /kg

Affinity $176.00 /litreAtrazine (Gesaprim) $8.00 /litre

Axial $139.00 /litreBalance ® $0.38 /gram

Boxer Gold $14.68 /litreBroadstrike® $0.65 /gramBrodal®Options $43.00 /litreBromoxynil /MCPA $13.00 /litreChlorsulfuron 750g/kg (Glean) $0.12 /gramClopyralid 300g/L (Lontrel) $25.00 /litre

Conclude $15.00 /litreDicamba 500g/L $19.50 /litreDiuron 900 gm a.i. granules $11.70 /kgGlyphosate 540g/L $7.00 /litre

Intervix $44.00 /litreLexone (Metribuzin 750 gm/kg) $0.03 /gramM.C.P.A. LVE $9.00 /litreMCPA Amine (750g/L) $9.00 /litreMetsulfuron methyl $0.08 /gramOxyfluorfen 240g/L $16.00 /litreParaquat $7.00 /litre

Precept $15.50 /litreQuizalofop (Targa®) $12.00 /litreReglone® $20.00 /litreSakura $335.00 /kgSelect® $12.00 /litreSimazine Granules 900g/kg $7.60 /kgS-metolachlor 960g/L (Dual®Gold) $16.00 /litreSprayseed® $11.00 /litreTerbyne 875 $26.50 /kgTigrex® $17.60 /litreTopik® EC $65.00 /litreTri-allate 500g/L $10.00 /litreTriasulfuron 750g/kg (Logran) $0.08 /gm

Velocity $31.50 /litreTrifluralin 480g/L $6.00 /litreVerdict® 520 $44.00 /litre

CHEMICAL COSTS - ADJUVANTSUptake (Oil) $6.70 /litreBS-1000 (WETTER) $6.00 /litreSupercharge $7.25 /litreHasten $5.00 /litreSurfactant cost (with Achieve) Per Ha $4.08 Assume 75l/ha @ 0.75% surf.Oil Cost $2.51 Assume 75l/ha @0.5% oilWetter Cost per Ha $0.45 Assume 75l/ha @ 0.1% surf.

CHEMICAL COSTS - INSECTICIDESDimethoate 400g/L $10.00 /litreOmethoate 400g/L $29.00 /litreAlpha-cypermethrin 16g/L $7.00 /litreLambda-cyhalothrin (Karate Zeon®) $165.00 /litre 24mls/haImidan $13.25 /litreMaldison 500g/L $8.50 /litreChlorpyrifos 500g/L $10.00 /litre LorsbanTalstar $44.00 /litre

FARM COSTS - 2014Note: The below costs have been collected from a number of regional sources and should be seen as an approximate guide only. Users of this publication should ascertain therelevance of these costs to their particular situation and make adjustments to gross margin budgets if required.

Farm Costs 2015


CHEMICAL COSTS - FUNGICIDESApron XL 350 ES $350.00 /litreMancozeb 750g/kg $10.00 /kgVeteran C $25.00 /kgVitavax 200 FF $30.00 /kgBaytan $30.00 /kgArmour C $30.00 /kgP-Pickel T $41.00 /litreCarbendazim 500g/kg $22.00 /kgTebuconazole 430 $12.00 /litreTriadimefon 125g/L $8.70 /litrePropiconazole 250g/L $13.50 /litreChlorothalonil 500g/L $21.00 /litreProsaro $70.00 /litreAmistar $35.00 /litreOpus $25.00 /litre

CHEMICAL COSTS - TRACE ELEMENTSZincsulphate $1.45 /litreCoppersulphate $3.60 /litreMangasulphate $1.45 /litre

FUEL COSTSTotal price - Diesel (GST Exc) $1.25 /litreRebate $0.38 /litreNet Price Diesel - $/litre $0.87 /l bulk includes rebate

FERTILISER COSTSMAP 10:22 $750 /tonneDAP 18:20 $750 /tonneUrea $570 /tonneSuperphosphate $350 /tonneDAP/MAP Plus 2% Zn $810 /tonneDAP + Urea 24:16 $730 /tonneDAP + Urea 28:13 $705 /tonneDAP + Urea 32:10 $677 /tonne

GRAIN GRADING & PICKLING Cost /TonneGrading cereals $22.00

other crops $24.00Pickling cereals $1.30

other crops $1.40Cleaning wheat $24.00

barley $25.00peas $30.00

Smuticide - Cereals Veteran C $25.00

Inoculant Legumes $18.00

Seed Treatment P-Pickle T $82.00 /tonne

FARM COSTS - 2014

Note- Assumes minimum standard of application for smuts and bunts. More expensive options available which may give some control of foliar diseases. Seek advice

Note: The below costs have been collected from a number of regional sources and should be seen as an approximate guide only. Users of this publication should ascertain therelevance of these costs to their particular situation and make adjustments to gross margin budgets if required.

Farm Costs 2015


STOCK RETURNS 2012 Average (Clean)2013 Average

(Clean)2014 Average

(Clean)Budget Base

(Clean)Budget Base

(Greasy)WOOL- High Rainfall 28 mic 70%Yield 607 635 675 675 472 - High Rainfall 19.5 mic 70% Yld 1263 1215 1178 1180 826 - Med Rainfall 21 mic 68% Yield 1217 1180 1160 1160 789 - Low Rainfall 22 mic 63% Yield 1190 1170 1150 1150 724

- Crossbred Ram 32 mic 250

FREIGHT COSTS (as included in Gross Margins) Cost /TonneCANOLA $25.00FERTILIZER $20.00LENTILS $30.00OTHER LEGUME GRAINS $25.00CEREAL GRAINS $20.00TRITICALE $25.00HAY-OATEN $28.00

CONTRACT RATES (indicative only- will be highly variable depending on situation)aerial spraying $14.00 /hectareContract harvesting cereals, low rainfall $45.00 /hectareContract harvesting cereals, high rainfall $65.00 /hectareContract harvesting pulse/canola, low rainfall $72.00 /hectareContract harvesting pulse/canola, high rainfall $95.00 /hectareWindrowing $35.00 /hectareContract spreading $8.50 /hectare excludes cartageContract sowing $45.00 /hectareHaymakingContract mowing-up to $45.00 /hectareHire of rake(supply own tractor and labour) $5.00 /hectareContract baling (650kg square bales) $20.00 /baleSuper conditioner (oaten hay) $25-35.00 /hectare

FARM COSTS- 2014Note: The below costs have been collected from a number of regional sources and should be seen as an approximate guide only. Users of this publication should ascertain therelevance of these costs to their particular situation and make adjustments to gross margin budgets if required.

INSURANCE COSTSLivestockSheep and cattle $2.00 /$1,000 insured CropsCereals $8.50 /$1,000 insured Chickpeas, lupins, safflower $10.00 /$1,000 insured Faba beans, vetch, lentils, canola $12.00 /$1,000 insured Field Peas $16.00 /$1,000 insured

FARM COSTS - 2014Note: The below costs have been collected from a number of regional sources and should be seen as an approximate guide only. Users of this publication should ascertain therelevance of these costs to their particular situation and make adjustments to gross margin budgets if required.

Farm Costs 2015

Farm Costs 2015


Gross Margin Proforma INCOME $/ha

Average yield t/ha @ $ /tonne (estimated silo return)

TOTAL INCOME

EXPENSES

Pool Charges& Interest t/ha @ $ /tonne

Seed kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Seed treatment

kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Fertiliser kg/ha @ $ /tonne kg/ha @ $ /tonne kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Chemicals Herbicides

Insecticides

Fungicides

Machinery Fuel & OilRepairs & Maintenance

Freight Grain kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Fertiliser kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Contract Work

kg/ha @ $ /tonne kg/ha @ $ /tonne

Insurance

Other kg/ha @ $ /tonne kg/ha @ $ /tonne

TOTAL EXPENSESGROSS MARGIN /HECTARE

Gross Margin Pro formaNEW HORIZONS the next revolution in agriculture

Managing your soil to improve crop yield

The New Horizons Program is helping to revolutionise broadacre farming in South Australia

By applying recent advances in soil science that modify soil to a depth of 50 centimetres scientists think that productivity can be dramatically increased.

www.pir.sa.gov.au/newhorizons

NEW HORIZONS the next revolution in agriculture

GRAIN INDUSTRY RESEARCH UPDATE

South Australian Grain Industry

IN 2014-2015 SAGIT IS SUPPORTING 39 PROJECTS INCLUDING: For more information on the SA Grain Industry Trust and its activities contact: Michael Treloar Chairman 0427 765 034 [email protected] Linda Eldredge Trustee 0428 832 167 [email protected]

Malcolm Buckby Project Manager 08 8210 5230 [email protected]

Dr Allan Mayfield Scientific Officer 0418 818 569 [email protected]

Research updates are available at www.sagit.com.au

Like SAGIT on Facebook www.facebook.com.au/SAGITFund

The SA Grain Industry Trust will invest $2.18 million in new projects supporting research crucial to the advancement of the SA grain industry with funds coming from the 30c a tonne contribution on all grain delivered by SA grain growers.

CEREALS• Maximising productivity of

varieties through agronomic practices — AGT

• Rhizoctonia control in disc sown crops — SARDI

• Improving drought stress tolerance of barley — University of Adelaide

• Matching seed nutrient content to improve yield and vigour in wheat — University of Adelaide

• Evaluating the agronomics and financial benefits of P efficient cereal varieties — University of Adelaide

• Cost effective selection of high beta-glucan oats using molecular markers — SARDI

• Enhancing the grain yield and quality of oats under water deficits — SARDI

• A new approach to grass control for Durum wheat — Durum Growers Association.

• Genetic characterisation of heat stress tolerant wheat germplasm — AGT

• The application of Bent Leg Technologies to higher speed tined seeding of cereals — University of SA

• Improving pre-emergent herbicide efficacy in Stubble Retention Systems — Hart Group

• Crown rot resistance in Durums — SARDI

• Assessing the adaption of long season wheats in SA — Agrilink Agricultural Consultants

PULSES, OILSEEDS & PASTURES• Forage Peas — a potential

break crop option for SA — SARDI

• Development of a strand medic cultivar resistant to powdery mildew — SARDI

• Evaluating clethodim tolerance in canola — SARDI

• Improving canola establishment — SARDI

• Mould on Faba bean seed affecting seed quality and meeting export standards — SARDI

• Resistance monitoring of Ascochyta blight in lentils — SARDI

• Common Vetch as a break crop for marginal cropping systems — SARDI

• Sulphur deficiency research in lentils and wheat — Northern Sustainable Soils

• Coordinator for survey of BWYV epidemic in Canola — SARDI

OTHER PRIORITIES• XRF as a tool for measuring

crop nutrient — University of Adelaide

• Traineeships in Applied Grains Research — SARDI

• Hart Advanced cropping systems and stubble handling — Hart Group

• Silverleaf nightshade control — PIRSA Biosecurity

• SA crop variety sowing guide — SARDI

• Practical development of weed patch management for adoption in grains — SARDI

• Testing innovative snail management techniques on the YP — Yorke Peninsula Alkaline Soils Group

• More than Gumboots and Tractors! — AgCommunicators

• Engaging careers advisors in SA — AgCommunicators

• Novel cultural control for snails — SARDI

• The H Sensor, a weed ID and mapping system — SPAA

• Potential N supply and mineralisation as predicted by DGT — University of Adelaide

• Peter Waite Scholarship — University of Adelaide

• SANTFA 17th Annual conference — SANTFA

SA GRAIN GROWERSFUNDING RESEARCHSOLUTIONS

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