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BCM 503: BUILDING SERVICES &BCM 503: BUILDING SERVICES &
ENGINEERING IENGINEERING I
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMWATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Prepared by:
STANLEY LAPIS 2010772267
NORFAHANA BT. MOHD NOR 2010502139
NUR HAFIZAH BT. ABDULLAH 2010952505
NUR SHAFINAZ BT. SAMSUDDIN 2010562329
BEATRICE CLAIRE MATTHEW 2010188117
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Process of Water SupplyProcess of Water Supply
WATERWATER
Clear liquid without colour, smell, or
taste that falls as rain and thatis used
for drinking, washing and many more.
comes from various sources such as
stream, rainfalls, river, well and
waterfalls.
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needs to be treated before being
supplied to a range of residentialareas, factories and many other
places thatuse water as their crucial
daily consumption.
treated for a variety of reasons,
includingthe removalof colour,
turbidity (cloudiness), taste, odour orother undesirable substances present
inthe water.
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Ten (10) main steps in waterTen (10) main steps in water
treatment processtreatment process1. Intake
2. Aeration
3. Coagulation,flocculation and
separation
4. Sedimentation
5. Sand filtration
6. Disinfection
7. Fluoridation
8. Stabilization (pH
correction)9. Storage
10.Pumping
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THE CONVENTIONALTHE CONVENTIONAL
WATER TREATMENTWATER TREATMENTPROCESSESPROCESSES
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PROCESS SEQUENCE OFPROCESS SEQUENCE OF
WATER TREATMENTWATER TREATMENT
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PROCESS OF WATER SUPPLYPROCESS OF WATER SUPPLY
To provide the consumers with
enoughhot and cold water.Common
inold buildings is the system withgravity storage tanks onthe top floor
ofthe building.
More commoninnew systems arepressurized tanks connected tothe
supply pumps.
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Ifground topography does not permit
sufficient pressure from a surface
reservoir - water tower is frequently
used togainthe necessary heightto
develop adequate water pressure
withinthe distributionnetwork.
requires the water to be pumped.
It should also be highlighted that awater distribution system may be
composed of a mixture ofgravity and
pu
mped eleme
nts.
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To provide a fire reserve
To provide air relief for the trunkmain from the water treatment
works
Distribution reservoirs should belocated as near as possible to the
centre of demand and at such
elevation to provide adequatepressure to the highest point in the
distribution area served.
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Figure 6: A water reservoir Figure 7: A type of water
tower
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Located atleast30 ft or 10 m above
the highestoutletor consumer. Intallbuildings it's necessary touse pressure
reducing valves inthe lowest floors
before the fittings.
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pressurized tankis partly filled with
air behind a membrane.The air
compensates for pressure variations
during consumption and during
supply pump starts and stops.
The pressurized tankhas a limited
compensating capacity for shortagein main supply lines.
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THE WATER STORAGETHE WATER STORAGE
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MATERIALS
Various materials are used for making a
water tank: plastics fiberglass, concrete,
stone, steel Earthen ponds function aswater storage and are often referred to
as tanks.
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TYPES OF WATER STORAGETYPES OF WATER STORAGE
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Water towerWater tower
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WATER SUPPLYSYSTEM
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Definition
Water supply system is a facility
designed for the distribution
of portable water, typicallyincluding storage tanks and a
network of pipes.
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HOT & COLD WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEMLOW - RISE BUILDING
There are 2 types of supply: Direct
- Old direct hot and cold
supply systems
- Modern direct hot andcold supply systems
Indirect
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OLD DIRECT HOT AND
COLD WATER SUPPLYSYSTEM
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PROCESS
COLD WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Directly distributed to the kitchen and all the
sanitary appliances before go through the storage
tank.
HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM Hot water in the cylinder is gravity fed from the
water storage tank. Then the water circulatesthrough a boiler and rises into the cylinder byconvection (hot liquids and gases expand and rise,whereas cold ones contract and sink).
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DISADVANTAGES
In old systems without check valves, there is
a risk of water becoming contaminated due
to backflow (water flows back into the
mains) and such installations are no longer
permitted in new housing.
The hot water system is extremely inefficientand unable to supply central heating.
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MODERN DIRECT HOT
AND COLD WATERSUPPLY SYSTEM
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PROCESS
Hot and Cold Water Supply System
- Mains water is fed into the combinationboiler where it is heated and giving almostinstantaneous hot water on demand.
- The same boiler can be used forsupplying hot water to a central heatingsystem.
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DISADVANTAGES
The baths tend to fill slowly if a tap is a long
way from the boiler.
Quite a lot of cold water has to be drawn
off before hot water appears.
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PROCESS
Hot and Cold Water Supply System.
An indirect systems supplies all sanitary
appliances (hand basins, showers, baths andWCs) with water fed from storage tank.
Water from the cold water storage tank is gravityfed into the bottom of the hot water cylinder.The cylinder contains of heating coil (calorifier)connected to a boiler by a feed pipe and returnpipe for cooled water. This is the primarycircuit.
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DISADVANTAGES
The disadvantages of an indirect system
include tank-fed water being at low pressure,
reducing noise and the likelihood of leaks.
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HOT & COLD WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEM
HIGHRISE BUILDING
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OBJECTIVES
Essential to ensure that the main water
services are sufficiently pressurized to
overcome the static height.
To supply water at a reasonable pressure
to the highest drawn-off point in the
building.
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HOT WATER
SUPPLY SYSTEM
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THANK YOU..