FAP15 Lower Danube Corridor

7/30/2019 FAP15 Lower Danube Corridor

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Flood protection Expert Group

Flood Action Programme

Lower Danube Corridor


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Table of Content

1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................1

2 Characterisation of Current Situation ........... ...................................................................32.1 Natural conditions ...................................................................................................32.2 Anthropic influence. Flood defences.........................................................................62.3 Land use...................................................................................................................82.4 Flood forecasting and warning..................................................................................92.5 Institutional and legal framework ...........................................................................112.6 Recent awareness of flooding.12

3 Target Settings..............................................................................................................143.1 Regulation on Land Use and Spatial Planning .......................................................143.2 Reactivation of former, or creation of new, retention and detention capacities ........143.3 Technical Flood Defences ......................................................................................153.4 Preventive Actions .................................................................................................153.5 Capacity Building of Professionals.........................................................................163.6 Raising Awareness and Preparedness of General Public .........................................173.7 Prevention and Mitigation of Water Pollution Due to Floods..................................17

4 Measures to Achieve Targets ........................................................................................184.1 Regulation on Land Use and Spatial Planning ........................................................184.2 Reactivation of former, or creation of new, retention and detention capacities ........194.3 Technical Flood Defences ......................................................................................204.4 Preventive Actions .................................................................................................214.5 Raising Awareness and Preparedness of General Public .........................................244.6 Prevention and Mitigation of Water Pollution Due to Floods..................................25


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1 Introduction

In response to the damages provoked by disastrous flood events that have occurred in theDanube River basin, the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River

(ICPDR) decided to establish the long-term Action Programme for Sustainable Flood

Prevention in the Danube River Basin.

The overall goal of the Action Programme is to achieve a long term and sustainable approach

for managing the risks of floods to protect human life and property, while encouraging

conservation and improvement of water related ecosystems.

The four major basin-wide targets of the Action Programme are:

- Improvement of flood forecasting and early flood warning systems; interlinking

national or regional Systems;

- Support for the preparation of and coordination between sub-basin-wide flood

action plans;

- Creating forums for exchange of expert knowledge;

- Recommendation for a common approach in assessment of flood-prone areas and

evaluation of flood risk.

At the sub-basin level, six targets have been identified in the Action Programme:

-To reduce the adverse impact and the likelihood of floods in each sub-basinthrough the development and implementation of a long-term flood protection and

retention strategy based on the enhancement of natural retention as far as possible;

- To improve flood forecasting and warning suited to local and regional needs as

necessary.

- To increase the capacity building and raise the level of preparedness of theorganizations responsible for flood mitigation;

- To develop flood risk maps;

-To harmonize design criteria and safety regulations along and across bordersections;

- To prevent and mitigate pollution of water caused by floods.

This action plan for the Lower Danube Corridor sub-basin reviews the current situation in

flood protection in Romania and Bulgaria and sets the targets and the measures for reduction

of damage risks and flood levels, increasing the awareness of flooding and for improvement

of flood forecasting. The targets and measures are based on the regulation of land use and

spatial planning, increase of retention and detention capacities, technical flood defences,

preventive actions, capacity building, awareness & preparedness raising and prevention andmitigation of water pollution due to floods.

ROMANIA

The high torrentially degree of watercourses, due to the climate conditions, physical and

geographical factors conduct to a frequent phenomenon of flooding on Romanian territory.

In last years the occurrence of flooding was higher. In 2005, 2006 and 2008, dangerous,


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According to the Water Law, the strategy and national politics in water management field are

tasks for the Ministry of Environment and for the application and control of activities is

responsible Romanian Waters National Administration through its water directorates.

The National Plan for Prevention and Flood Protection is part of national politics andconstitutes a necessary tool for national coordination and basin correlation of investments in

water management domain.

The National Strategy for Flood Risk Management on short term adopted in December 2005

takes into consideration the following aspects and priorities:

- preliminary estimation;

- critical analysis of existing flood defences;

- basic principles for national strategy for flood risk management on medium and long

term;- risk reduction means both vulnerability and objective factors mitigation;

- both structural an non-structural measures are necessary;

- we should take into consideration all local and regional conditions;

- European context: directives, funds.

The existing legislative framework offer to the central authorities and public local

administration the legal support for the prevention, protection and preparation activities in

flood risk management (Regulations regarding flood adopted in 2005)

It is necessary a strong coordination of these activities based on regulations regarding

strategies and politics for flood risk mitigation, cost-benefit analysis, economic, social and

environment impact assessment, programmes and plans for spatial planning.

National Strategy for Flood Disaster Prevention and the Flood Action Plan

The short-term strategy for flood protection has the following principles:

- Sustainable development;

- Economic, social end ecological acceptability;

- Strategic assessment for a period of time;

- Simplicity and transparent aspects;

- Basin approach of the flood problem;

- Interdisciplinary approach;

- Solidarity;

- Equilibrium maintenance among preventive, response and post-factum measures,

using the national territory plans, structural and non-structural measures, asintervention plans for emergency situations.

Applications of best practices proposed by EU and UN Economic Commission for Europe

regarding flooding preventive measures, protection and effects mitigation are under

implementation.

Flood Action Plan for the short term strategy implementation started in 2005 by integrated


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(Siret, Mure, Criuri, Banat, Jiu, Olt, Some-Tisa, Ialomia-Buzu) and will be

finalized during 2009, beginning of 2010.

For the pilot-sub-basin Raznic, tributary of Jiu River the study was finalised, being prepared

the hazard map and damages evaluation for flood risk map.The National Plan will be finished in the frame of the River Basin Management Plans Flood

management Section first draft, till December 2009 and is planned to be adopted till mid

2010.

In mean time, during 2009 will be finalized mid and long term National Strategy for Flood

Risk management, which will take into account the need for Flood Directive implementation.

BULGARIA

The adoption in 1999 of the Strategy for Integrated Water Management marked the beginningof the reforms in the water sector in Bulgaria in line with the WFD and other obligations

undertaken under international instruments. Several other programs such as: Strategy for the

Integrated Water Management in the Republic of Bulgaria institutional aspects, National

Strategy for Management and Development of the Water Sector until 2015, and the

Operational Programme Environment 2007 - 2013 (OPE) complete the picture of ongoing

efforts towards compliance and enforcement of EU legislation.

Now the legal framework for environmental management of water resources and ecosystems

in Bulgaria comprises a system of decrees, laws, ordinances and regulations on differentadministrative levels.

In addition, a process of drafting the National Strategy for the Environment 2010-2018 and its

Action Plan is in progress.

The transposition of the EU Flood Directive into national legislation is at its final stage.

Floods are basin wide phenomena which do not respect borders and often create common

problems between regions and countries. It is widely recognized that effective prevention of

and intervention against floods requires cross-border cooperation. Therefore, the EU Flood

Directive aims at creating one single flood risk management plan for each River basin, thus

promoting coordination and collaboration between authorities across borders.

The Action Programme for Sustainable Flood Protection in the Danube River Basin (ICPDR,

2004) also foresees preparation of the action plans for the sub-basins, which should serve as

essential tools to support cooperation and harmonization between the countries in the field of

flood risk management.

This Document is prepared in response to the ICPDR Flood Action Programme following thecontent described in chapter 5.2 of the Programme and it summarises the key actions towards

preparation of the flood risk management plans.

2 Characterisation of Current Situation

2 1 Natural conditions


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catchments basin is 805,300 km2, with a length of 2,860 km, from which 1075 km on the

Romanian territory.

From the total catchments area of the Danube hydrographic basin, 29 % pertains to ourcountry, the Romanian territory being drained by 97.4 % by this river.

This hydrographic space is situated in southern Romania and goes administratively on the

following counties: Cara-Severin, Mehedini, Dolj, Olt, Teleorman, Giurgiu, Clrai,

Ialomia, Brila, Constana (Cernavod and Hrova towns) and Tulcea (Danube Delta).

The multi-annual stock of the Danube, at the entrance to Romania (Bazia) is of 175.6

mn.m

3

/yr going up to 204 mn.m

3

/yr at the entry to the Danube Delta (Ceatal Izmail).The maximum flow is achieved Spring-Summer. At the entrance to Romania the highest

values are registered in April, because of the hydrological regime of the Drava, Sava, Tisa and

Velika-Morava rivers. In Romania, at Zimnicea and Ceatal Izmail, the maximum flow is

achieved in May-June, due to the hydrological regime of the Romanian tributaries.

Among the floods of big discharges, in the last 60 years, there have been: 1940, 1942, 1955,

1970, 1975, 1981 and 2006.

The highest registered values during floods on the Danube there have been at Orova in 1940and in 1981 and at Ceatal-Izmail in 1897.

It is to be mentioned that, for the Danube, floods regime means discharges which go higher

then 8000-9000 m3/s, as it is the transport capacity of the minor streambed downstream

Porile de Fier II (Iron Gates II).

The periods of small waters on the Danube are during Winter and especially in Autumn. The

daily minimum discharge values vary as it follows: the smallest values have been of 1060

m

3

/s at Orova in 1985 and of 1350 m

3

/s at Ceatal Izmail in 1921. These are situated bellowthe level of the minimum daily flows with the probability of 95%.

The Lower Danube Corridor is placed in Southern and Eastern part of Romania following the

Danube River. The Corridor is formed by small basins of the small Danube tributaries from

Porile de Fier I (Iron Gates I) dam to Isaccea town.

The hydrographic basins of the Danubes main tributaries from South-Western Romania are:

Bahna, Topolnia, Blahnia, Drincea, Balasan and Desnaui with a total area of 6,596.6 km2

and a total river network (54 codified tributaries) length of 1078 km having a density of 0.16

km/km2.

The water resources of those rivers are 261.5 mn.m3

(8.3 m3/s).

The Mostitea (L=98 km, S=1758 km2) and Clmui (L=152 km, S=1668 km

2) basins are

part of the Danube Corridor. Characteristic to these two basins is that they have a low specific

flow (less than 1 l/s.km2) with drought phenomena on some of their main tributaries.


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BULGARIAFor the purposes of this document, the Lower Danube Corridor is defined as shared by

Bulgaria and Romania and covering the mainstream Danube, downstream of Iron Gate , and

extending to the Prut River confluence.

The Danube River forms the northern boundary of Bulgaria with Romania. The total

catchment area from the 845.5 rkm to the 375.5 rkm is 104,800 km2, of which only 46,930

km2

are in the Bulgarian territory. The catchment area in the Bulgarian section of the river is

relatively poor in surface, as well as groundwater, and the contribution of the inflow waters

from the Bulgarian territory to the river is only 3%, averaging 150 l/s.

Ecological conditions along the Bulgarian-Romanian sector are determined mainly by theconstruction and operation of the "Iron Gate" hydro-station, which is situated at a distance of

100 km and 17 km above the Bulgarian stretch and directly influences the hydrology of the

downstream section of the Danube River.

Beyond the Iron Gate the lower Danube flows across a wide plain, the river becomes

shallower and broader, and its current slows down. To the right, above steep banks, stretches

the the Danubian Plain of Bulgaria. To the left lies the low Romanian Plain, which is

separated from the main stream by a strip of lakes and swamps.

This section of the Danube is one of the most natural stretches along the entire river. It is

obstructed by a number of islands most important of which are the Bulgarian islands at Belene

and the Kalimok marshes.The floodplain forests on the Bulgarian Danube islands are uniquenatural habitats with essential environmental functions, supporting rare and globally

threatened species of fauna and flora. There is also a mosaic of protected areas including

Ramsar sites, Biosphere Reserves, World Heritage Site (Srebarna Lake) and National/Nature

Parks. In view of the above Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Moldova signed in 2000 the

Lower Danube Green Corridor Agreement to establish a corridor of protected and restored

wetlands along the Danube.

As it was mentioned, the tributaries in this section are comparatively small and account for

only a modest increase in the total runoff.

The flood protection dikes are built usually only 200 to 300 m away from the main stream and

through this process, the formerly extended floodplains along the Danube have been reduced

considerably.

Generally floods on the Bulgarian territory along the Danube River are generated under the

influence of high flows with long duration which might affect the stability of the levees and

cause subsequent flooding.


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2.2 Anthropic influence. Flood defences

ROMANIAThe main hydraulic works affecting the flow regime of the rivers are: reservoirs, deviations

and water transfers from neighborough basin into a reservoir and levees. These types ofinfrastructures are in fact the most useful instruments for water management, offering

possibilities in getting regulation of different volumes during the seasons and sometimes

during the year, to offer flood protection or dilution in case of accidental pollution.

In order to protect goods and human lives, on Romanian territory have been realised hydraulic

structures which compose the National System for Flood Defence.

The works done along its course and in the Delta there have been aimed the following main

goals:

- Take of from the floods influence of the areas from the Danube floodable wetlands;

- Capitalization of the hydro-energetic potential of the river;

- Set-up some irrigation systems, with the supply source from the Danube, whichtotalizes circa 2.27 mn. ha;


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Reservoirs

Two reservoirs for hydropower porduction are along the Romanian part of the Danube.

Porile de Fier I (Iron Gates I), which is in the Pannonian Southern Danube and Porile deFier II (Iron Gates II) in the Lower Danube Corridor.

The maximum global volume of these accumulations is 3,900.0 mn.m3. These two

accumulations gather an utile volume of 250.0 mn.m3

and of a total attenuation volume of

670.0 mn.m3.

The hydro-energetic potential of the river has been evaluated to 26 mn.KWh/year, from which

almost 1/2 pertains to Romania. This potential is created by an average discharge of 5,550

m

3

/s at the entrance to Romania and of 6,500 m

3

/s at Ceatal Izmail, on a level difference of63 m. The hydro-energetic potential of the Danube represents almost 32 % from the hydro-

energetic potential of the country and it is concentrated in the area of the Porile de Fier I and

II reservoirs.

The Porile de Fier II (Iron Gates II) reservoir of which dam is also located on the Danube at

km 863 has the following characteristics: Vtot= 800 mn.m3

from which Vutile=100 mn.m3.

The hydropower plant has Pi=216 MW and Em=1030 GWh/year.

There also have been made 4 other important reservoirs: Dridu on Ialomia River, Iezer,Frsinet,Gurbneti and Fundulea on Mostitea valley, for irrigation purposes. All pertainto Mostitea hydro-technical system done for securing water for irrigation in Brgan using

the water source Ialomia basin and soon the Siret, as well as water pumped from the Danube.

Derivations and intakes

In the Lower Danube Corridor are 3 important derivations. One is for irrigation, one for water

supply and one is exclusively aimed for navigation and water supply. These are:

-

IalomiaMostitea derivation, 18.5 km length, Ilfov county, which transitsexceeding discharges from Ialomia River (Dridu reservoir) in Mostitea valley(Hagieti hydraulic knot) for irrigation in Mostitea system;

- Slobozia derivation, Clrai and Ialomia counties, which draws off water from

Danube (Modelu and Chiciu intakes) and transfer it to Ialomia watershed for the

water supply of Slobozia city;

- Dunre-Marea Neagr Canal (Danube-Black Sea Canal) with a length of 64 km,Constana county, which ensures from the Danube water for complex uses: cooling

water at Cernavod Nuclear Power Plant, irrigation in Carasu system, potable andindustrial water supply for Constana city through the Gou intake from the Poarta

Alb-Midia-Nvodari branch, cutting short of the navigation way between Black Sea

and the Danube and the production of electric power.

Dikes and river regulations


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- Regulation of Clmui River, Buzu county (Lreg = 81.7 km);

- Dike on Clmui River, Buzu county (Ldike = 168.4 km);

-Regularizations and dikes on Blahnia, Bahnia and Baboia brooks, direct tributariesof the Danube in Mehedini and Dolj counties, with regulation lengths up to 41 km

and dikes up to 78 km;

- Dikes for the protection of 30 big agricultural areas along the Danube, with lengths of

more then 30 km, up to 174 km (Insula Mare a Brilei - Brilas Big Island), and dikes

for the protection of some important agricultural and fishery units

2.3 Landuse

ROMANIAThe land in the Lower Danube Corridor has as main use the agriculture, irrigated and non-

irrigated. The forests have a very poor representation in the floodplain due to the climate and

of the soil composition.

N

EW

S

Localities

Agricultural land

Natural greenfield

Forests

Sands & beach dunes

Bare rocks

Marshes

Watercourses & lagoons


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BULGARIA

2.4 Flood forecasting and warning

ROMANIA

The National Institute for Hydrology and Water Management (NIHWM) has the

responsibility in order to issue warnings regarding watercourses (including Danube) levels

increase.

The methodology and procedures used in warning elaboration are based on well known

hydrology law (precipitation transformation in base run-off, concentration, creating high floodwaves and downstream attenuation).

For improving the information-decision flow and for the raising population awareness

concerning the risk of flooding and the possibilities of decrease the damages and causalities, a

new type of hydro meteorological warnings which is based on colour codes was approved in

2006, through a joint order of the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Environment.

The colours code (green, yellow, orange and red) depend of the intensity of the

meteorological or hydrological phenomena which are forecasted.

BULGARIA

The Executive Agency for Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River, a legal body

under the Ministry of Transport, takes the measurements and maintains the Danube River

gauging stations at Novo Selo, Lom, Oriahovo, Svishtov, Ruse and Silistra and conducts

complex hydromorphological and hydrological surveys. The Agency also publishes

navigational maps, hydrological reference books and other navigational aids, two or seven-


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In September 2005 NIMH started to receive the European Flood Alert System (EFAS)

bulletins with indicative hydrological forecasts.

The operational issues of flood monitoring, forecasting and warning are based on:

o Operational observations of river levels and provisional rating curves for real

time conversion of levels into discharges;

o Operational synoptic meteorological forecasts of precipitation and air

temperature;

o Operational forecasts of precipitation and air temperature coming from the

High Resolution Limited Area meteorological forecasting model (ALADIN).

Under the umbrella of the World Meteorological Organization an Agreement between

Bulgaria and Romania for real time data and flood forecasts/warnings exchange was signed in

2001. The stations and the frequency of data which is made available to the parties is given in

the tables below.

Operational data used for flood forecasting services and received operationally from

the Romanian side.

River Cross-section Frequency Data typeDanube Corabia Daily levels/discharges

Danube Tr. Mgurele Daily levels/discharges

Danube Giurgiu Daily levels/discharges

Danube Oltenia Daily levels/discharges

Iron Gate 1 Orova Daily Levels

Iron Gates 1 & 2 n/a daily evacuated discharges

Iron Gates 1 & 2 n/a 3 days forecast of daily evacuated disch.Iron Gates 1 & 2 n/a 3 days forecast of daily incoming disch.

Jiu Podari Daily levels/discharges

Arges Budesti Daily levels/discharges

Operational data used for flood forecasting services and transmitted operationally

to the Romanian side.

Station No. River Cross-section Data collection

42070 r. Danube Novo selo daily

42073 r. Danube Lom daily

42075 r. Danube Oryahovo daily

42078 r. Danube Svishtov daily

42080 r. Danube Rousse daily


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2.5 Institutional and legal framework

ROMANIAIt has been issued or updated important regulations as follows:

- The National Strategy for Flood Risk Management on short term (GovernmentalDecision 1854 from 2005), which establish prevention and protection measures for

flood effects mitigation for each of involved structures from central to local level;

- National Plan for Prevention and Flood Protection at Hydrographic Basin level

(Governmental Decision 1309 from 2005);

- The Water Law 107 from 1996 modified and completed according tot the National

Strategy;- Emergency Order regarding safety operation of the reservoirs for pisciculture,

recreation or local importance, establishing operating conditions;

- Regulations for management of emergency situations generated by flooding,

dangerous meteorological phenomena and accidents at hydraulic structures adopted in

May 2005.

Based on these regulations, taking into account the 2005 and 2006 floods, new flood

protection plans at basin, county and local level have been approved in 2006. These plans

comprise maps with level curves that bordered flooded zones by watercourses overflowand versant run-off corresponding to the maximum known discharges. In 2009 all flood

protection plans will be updated.

BULGARIA

Water Act regulates the ownership and management of water within the territory of the

Republic of Bulgaria as a national indivisible natural resource and the ownership of the water

development systems and facilities.

Water management at the national level is implemented by the Minister of

Environment and Water.

Under the Ministry, as its regional structure, the Danube River Basin Directorate

(DRBD) is responsible for integrated water management at river basin level aiming to achieve

good ecological status and to ensure sustainable water use.

The state policy related to activities involving operation, construction, remodelling and

modernization of water development systems and facilities is implemented by:

the Minister of Regional Development and Public Works: in respect to protection

against water-related damage and loss within the boundaries of settlements;

the Minister of Agriculture and Food: in respect to protection against water-related

damage and loss beyond the boundaries of settlements;

the Minister of Economy and Energy: in respect to hydro-power systems and

projects;

The policy related to activities involving operation, construction, remodelling and

modernization of water development systems and facilities constituting municipal property


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plan. Emergency plans shall be drafted by the owners or users of water development systems

and hydraulic-engineering facilities.

Permanent protection shall include:1. construction and maintenance of dikes and other hydraulic-engineering facilities and

protective structures;

2. establishment and maintenance of monitoring, forecasting and warning systems;

3. regulation of the groundwater level in the event of a hazardous raising or lowering

thereof;

4. activities for protection of drainage basins against water erosion;

5. maintenance of the hydraulic conductivity of river beds.

The hydraulic-engineering facilities and protective herein shall be maintained by theowner or user thereof.

The Executive Environment Agency (ExEA) is another body of the Ministry of

Environment and Water which carries out monitoring functions on the territory of the whole

country and develops and maintains of the National Monitoring System of Environment and

information about state of environmental components. The Agency also is a national referent

center in the frame of the European Environment Agency and in this respect it deals with

collecting, processing and reporting information as well as makes analyses and assessments.

Civil Protection Service Directorate is a structure under the Ministry of Interior and

implements the state policy in this frame. The main activities of Civil Protection Service are

directed towards protection of the population, the national economy, the material and cultural

values. The Service organizes and conducts life-saving and urgent emergency-reconstruction

activities in case of disasters occurring and also has the responsibility to collect data about

disasters and accidents, including floods, to advise on prevention activities and to solve

resulting consequences for the human life and environment.

The Executive Agency for Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River is specialized

organization in Bulgaria which carries out the entire range of supporting activities for themaintenance of the waterway, aquatory of the ports and the winter camps for providing a

secure ship sailing in the Bulgarian section of the river Danube. In its responsibility is to

coordinate all the projects and works, related to the complex utilization of the Danube, as to

notify for taking precautionary measures when threats of flooding, icing, bank corrosion, etc.

The Convention between the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria and the Government ofRomania on Environmental Cooperation (1992) is a bilateral agreement of immediate relevance to

transboundary cooperation requirements of the WFD.

2.6. Recent awareness of flooding

The flood events in 2006 were mostly driven by snowmelt causing long-lasting high

discharges in the Danube. Due to these high discharges, large floods affected the whole lower


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ROMANIAWater levels on the Romanian part of the Danube River

Cross-section Water level registered before

2006 (cm)/year

Water level in 2006

(cm)

Difference

(cm)Gruia 862/1981 899 37

Calafat 802/1981 861 59

Bechet 787/1981 845 58

Corabia 756/1981 801 45

Giurgiu 795/1981 822 27

Oltenia 772/1981 809 37

Clrai 703/1970 737 34

Cernavod 708/1970 736 28

Hrova 727/1970 764 37Brila 639/1970 699 60

Tulcea 435/1970 438 3

BULGARIAWater levels on the Bulgarian part of the Danube River in April 2006

CROSS-

SECTION

Novo selo Vidin Lom Oriahovo Nikopol Svishtov Ruse Silistra

Km 833,6 790,2 743,3 678,0 597,5 554,3 495,6 375,5

State ofalert

690-790 750-850

680-750

800-900 700

680-780 680-750

680-750

State of

danger

791-890 851-

950

751-

815

901-1020 701-875 781-827 751-

800

751-

800

Levellimitsfor

State of

emergency

890 950 815 1020 875 827 800 800

Level

Date

. . . . . . . .

06.04 754 814 816 684 730 710 745 732

07.04 768 820 819 688 736 718 753 734

08.04 777 838 833 698 744 724 761 740

09.04 800 856 853 712 750 734 769 744

10.04 814 870 868 726 763 744 779 751

11.04 834 890 884 738 772 754 790 759

12.04 856 905 900 753 784 765 800 767

13.04 890 939 926 774 800 781 812 777

14.04 900 952 946 799 837 810 838 788

15.04 918 965 944 798 851 837 865 812

16.04 918 966 944 789 856 840 878 825

17.04 917 963 952 790 856 839 879 83818.04 917 971 965 803 859 840 880 838

19.04 917 973 971 813 868 848 886 836

20.04 922 977 978 814 878 857 890 836

23.04 916 979 985 825 894 874 911 851

24.04 913 975 979 822 896 876 912 853

25.04 901 962 956 802 873 861 906 849


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of protection dykes at 69 places along the river was observed, as well as damaged banks and

flood defences, broken bridges and other structures.

3 Target SettingsROMANIA

The Action Plan for flood protection on medium-term (2009-2012) launched and comprises

new hydraulic structures in frequently affected zones, higher safety degree of existing works

and finalization of ongoing ones.

The National Action Plan foresees 1850 km river regulation 976 km of dikes, 810 km

riverbank consolidation, DESWAT and WATMAN Projects finalisation.

The prioritisation criteria for promoting investments for flood protection have been made

following:- Inclusion of the proposed works in the Strategy of Ministry of Environment;

- Actual safety degree of the flood protection structures;

- Amplitude of avoided damages as result of the projects;

- The elaboration status of technical and economic documents;

- Financing possibility

- Occupied field status.

3.1 Regulation on Land Use and Spatial PlanningROMANIA

The existing local urban plans for development should contain maps with actually flooded

areas, based on historic and studies data.

These maps are from the Local Flood Protection Plans and are updated every 4 years.

BULGARIA

Target 1: Landscape development plans and spatial plans respect flood hazard maps and

flood risk maps.

3.2 Reactivation of former, or creation of new,retention and detention capacities

ROMANIA

The Ecologic and Economic Resizing Lower Danube Floodplain ProgrammeDuring the last century, almost entire Danube floodplain was embanked (53 enclosures with a

total area of 430,000 ha and 1200 km of dikes), which affected the hydro morphologic and

local-regional climate.

In Spring 2006, Romania faced to biggest Danubes flows. Some dikes collapsed on 50-100 m


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The study regarding ecological and economic resizing on the Romanian sector of the Danube

River will be a vital instrument for a strategic co-ordination on all Romanian Danubes sector

of the investments for flood prevention and for the future economic development measures.

Elements and principles that we are taking account in the Danubes improvement are:- changing of the hydrologic regime characteristics;

- realising of an adequate habitat in order to preserve the aquatic natural biodiversity;

- the improvement variants for the Danube take into account the following: riparian

localities should be defended, proposed ecologic restored zones in various studies of the

National Institute for Research and Development Danube Delta and World Wild Fund,

controlled flooded zones and areas which the Danube created breaches in the longitudinal

dikes.

Public debates have been realized in Bucharest, Giurgiu and Galati with this subject.

BULGARIA

Target 1: Restoration of wetland areas along the Danub river

3.3 Technical Flood Defences

ROMANIA

The structural flood defences are realized in order to make an effective protection for

populated areas, to avoid human and material losses.

The Action Plan (2009-2012) foresees 1850 km river regulation, 976 km of dikes and 810 km

riverbank consolidation.

For all investments works are realized feasibility studies.

BULGARIA

Target 1. Reconstruction and rehabilitation of flood protection structures in the towns

and municipalities

3.4 Preventive Actions

ROMANIA

These actions are concentrated towards prevention/mitigation of potential damages generated

by floods through:a) avoiding houses, social and cultural or/and economic objectives constructions in

potentially flooded area;

b) realisation of structural and non-structural measures for protection;

c) geographical delimitation of natural flood risk zones and noting these in the general

urban planning studies;


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SIMIN integrates the provided data from existent systems in Romania with a high technology

in meteorological radars field, stations with surface hydrologic sensors, data processing

systems and forecast decision based on satellite transmission. System was released in

September 2003.The DESWAT project has in its first stage as objective, the modernisation of informational

hydrological system, beginning with data acquisition through 600 automatic stations placed

on rivers, 250 automatic gauging stations and 64 automatic quality stations, continuing with

transmission support which will comprise the actual classic radio system, the GSM and

satellite systems.

The programme package for hydrological forecast will be modernised, enlarged and will

include semi-automatic procedures for elaboration of warnings, forecasts and information

products for various decision makers, media and population.WATMAN is a project through that the National Strategy for water management in case of

disaster will be applied. It will integrate the output data from SIMIN and DESWAT, finally

being carrying-out the Information-Decisional Integrated System. Those two projects, through

modernised hydrologic and meteorological information systems will provide data and forecast

in real-time, which represents input data for WATMAN infrastructure, optimising the

integrated water management system.

Financial insurance for flood riskIn 1 January 2010, a law referring to the obligatory insurance for houses against natural

disasters such earthquakes, landslides and flooding will come into force.

BULGARIA

Target 1. Enhancing flood forecast service

Target 2. Introduce principles of EU Flood Directive

3.5 Raising Awareness and Preparedness ofGeneral Public

ROMANIA

- Improvement reaction capacity, response and intervention;

- Information and awareness of the population regarding floods and its effects;

- Eco-centres setting-up in frequently affected zones;

-Public meeting presenting the local flood protection plans and the warning proceduresbased on colours code;

- Exercises for flood simulation at basin and county level with the participation of

population.

BULGARIATarget 1 Inform the public about the causes of floods and improving awareness and


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BULGARIATarget 1 Build capacity of professionals and institutions responsible for flood

management

Target 2 Improving international cooperation

3.7 Prevention and Mitigation of Water PollutionDue to Floods

ROMANIA

The Law 466 (regarding dam safety) covers the safety problems of dams and dikes of the

mining waste deposits.

Now, according to the EU Directive 1999/31/CE and Governmental Decision 349 from 2005the major part of the mining ponds with high risk stopped the activity.

The actual legislation foresees the continuity monitoring of the closed ponds.


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4 Measures to Achieve Targets

4.1 Regulation on Land Use and Spatial Planning

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

Implementation of the medium- and long-

termflood risk management strategy

- Land-use controlRelocation, land purchasing & cultural

changes

Technical

Administrative

Ministry of

EnvironmentMinistry of

Agriculture

Ministry of

Administration

and Interior

Romanian

Waters

2020

Strategy of the territory arrangements in theborder zone (RO-BG)

Administrative 2012

Including the results of the study

Identification and delimitation of the

natural hazards (earthquakes, landslides

and floods). Hazards maps at county level

into local and regional developing plans

Administrative Public

Administration

120 2009

Including the maps from Local Flood

Protection Plan (Contingency Plans) into

the Urban Development Plans

Administrative Public

Administration

20/year continuous This actions include flood risk

evaluation (flooded areas maps and

estimation of damages)


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BULGARIA

Measures Type of intervention Responsibility Costs Deadlines Remarks

Regulation of land use and spatial planning

Target 1: Landscape development plans and spatial plans

respect flood hazard maps and flood risk maps.

M 1: Landscape development plans respectflood-hazard

maps and flood-risk maps

Technical Ministry of regional

development and

public works(MRDPW ), Ministry

of Agriculture and

Food (MAF),

Executive Agency of

Forestry (EAF)

Continuous

M 2: Introduction of flood maps into development and

spatial plans of municipalities

Administrative MRDPW Continuous

4.2 Reactivation of former, or creation of new, retention and detention capacities

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution

in charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

Implementation of the study Ecologic and

economic resizing of the Lower Danube

floodplain

Administrative

and technical

Ministry of

Environment

2.5 2010 Including contributions for Romania

in the Danube Floodrisk Project


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4.3 Technical Flood Defences

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment


term

flood risk management strategy-

Improvement & maintenance of defence

structures

Technical

Administrative

Ministry of

Environment

Ministry of

Agriculture

Ministry ofAdministratio

n and Interior

Romanian

Waters

2020

River left bank protection of Borcea arm

in Borcea locality zone, Clrai county

Technical Romanian

Waters

1.92 2009 External funds

River left bank protection of Borcea arm,

in Borduani locality, Ialomia county

Technical Romanian

Waters

6.79 2010 External funds

224 objectives (polders, riverbank

regularizations, dams) at national level

Technical Romanian

Waters

2000 2013 9 dams, 4 polders, 211 regularizations

works

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.USD)

Deadline Comment

Flood defences rehabilitation Bentu,

Borcea arm, Danube river

Technical Romanian

Waters

5.462 2010 Hazard Risk Mitigation & Emergency

Preparedness Project World BankFlood defences rehabilitation Borduani,


Technical Romanian

Waters


Preparedness Project World Bank

Flood defences rehabilitation Fcieni,


Technical Romanian

Waters


Preparedness Project World Bank


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BULGARIA


Technical flood protection

Target 1. Improvement of Structural Flood protection of

municipalities

M 1: Building and reconstruction of flood protection

structures in towns and villages

Technical MRDPW,

Municipalities,

Continuous

M 2: Maintenance of the existing flood protection structures

and sustainable river-bed

Technical MRDPW, MAF,

Municipalities

Continuous

4.4 Preventive Actions

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment


term

flood risk management strategy

- Elaboration & implementation of Flood

Risk Management Plans

- Forecasting, monitoring & warning

- Emergency plan & management

- Flood Risk Asessment- Run-off control

- Improvement of flow conditions in river

beds

- Improvement of the flood defence

capacity

Administrative

Technical

Ministry of

Environment

Ministry of

Agriculture

Ministry of

Administration

and Interior

RomanianWaters

2020


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Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

- Reduction of flood vulnerability of

infrastructures and agriculture

- Reduction of flood vulnerability of the

environment

- Social vulnerablity to floods

- Individual vulnerability mitigation

- Funding & compensation

- International CooperationDESWAT Carrying of a hydrologic

information-decisional system for the

management of emergency situations

(12 automatic stations along the Danube)

Technical Romanian

Waters

45 2011

WIMS Investment supporting the

information system and database for water

management (PHARE project) at national

level

Technical Romanian

Waters

2.4 2009

Contributions to the development of the


Technical Romanian

Waters

1.7 2009

Information system for integrated water

management (WATMAN)

Technical Romanian

Waters

138.4 2015

DANUBE FLOODRISK - flood risk

reduction: risk assessment, risk mapping,

involvement of stakeholders, risk

reduction by adequate spatial planning.

Administrative

Public

Romanian

Waters

6.38 2012

MONDAN, Integrated Monitoring of the

Danube

Technical Ministry of

Environment

6.5 2010

High-flood forecasting and flood

management in Romania feasibility

study - the analysis for implementing of

the decision support system

Administrative

Technical

Romanian

Waters

0.1 2009


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Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

Ostrov-Silistra: common water, common

riverbanks, common problems cross-

border cooperation for risk management

improvement

Administrative

Technical

Romanian

Waters

0.14 2009

Update the Water Law Administrative Ministry of

Environment

Update the Flood Protection Plans at

basin, county and local level

Administrative Romanian

Waters

Every 4 years

Update the Plan for warning-alarming for

downstream localities in case of accidents

at dams

Administrative Romanian

Waters

Every 10

years

BULGARIA


Preventive actions

Target 1. Enhancing flood forecast service

M 1: Improving flood forecasts and gauging stations Technical Continuous

M 2: Information service Administrative Continuous

Target 2. Introduce principles of EU Flood Directive

M 1: Preparation and adoption of new or amendment of the

existing Water law

Legal /

Administrative

State 2009

M 2: Flood-risk management planning Administrative MoEW,

Basin Directorates

M 2.1. Preliminary flood risk assessment Scientific/ Technical 2010

M 2.2. Preparation of flood hazard maps Scientific/ Technical 2013

M 2.3. Preparation of flood risk maps Scientific/ Technical 2013


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4.5 Raising Awareness and Preparedness of General Public

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution in

charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

Implementation of the medium- and long-term


- Population preparedness & feedbackIndividual vulnerability mitigation

Technical

AdministrativeMinistry of

Environment

Ministry of

Agriculture

Ministry of

Administration andInterior

Romanian Waters

2020

Exercises for general public preparedness

for flood simulation

Public

participation

Romanian

Waters, General

Inspectorate for

Emergency

Operations

0.50 Continuous

Flood Protection leaflets Public

participation

Ministry of

Environment

0.01 Continuous

Setting-up New Eco-centres Administrative Ministry of

Environment

0.02 Continuous

BULGARIA

Measures Type of intervention Responsibility Costs Deadlines RemarksRaising awareness and preparedness of general public

Target 1 Inform the public about the causes of floods andimproving awareness and preparedness to avoid

detrimental effects

M 1: Presentation of flood risk management plans to the

public

Information MoEW,

Basin Directorates

2015


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M 2: Training activities, publishing informational brochuresetc.

Administrative MoEW,Basin Directorates,

Municipalities, CPSD

Continuous

4.6 Prevention and Mitigation of Water Pollution Due to Floods

ROMANIA

Measures Type of

intervention

Institution

in charge

Costs

(mn.)

Deadline Comment

Monitoring the closed ponds and waste

deposits

Administrative,

Technical

Ministry of

Industry

5.00 2012 USTDA estimation of the minimum

needed equipment for monitoring and

communication

FAP15 Lower Danube Corridor

Documents

Transcript of FAP15 Lower Danube Corridor