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Fall 2011 Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 1 Session 11 Let’s Bring...
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Transcript of Fall 2011 Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 1 Session 11 Let’s Bring...
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Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 1
Session 11Let’s Bring Everything Together
(part 2)
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Agenda
• Ubuntu – A very modern Linux• History of Unix• History of Windows• Virtualization
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Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 3
Ubuntu
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Hands-onExercises
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Download Ubuntu Onto Your iMac
• We are going to download Ubuntu to your MacOS
• Save the .iso file to your Desktop• This will take some time, so we’ll…chat!• Then we’ll practice bringing it up under
a virtual machine, VMFusion
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Downloading Ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download
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Downloading Ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download
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History of Windows
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Three Eras of Windows
• MS-DOS
• MS-DOS-based Windows
• NT-base Windows
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Major releases in the history of Microsoft operating systems for desktop PCs
Releases of Windows
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MS-DOS
• Late 1970’s Microsoft was the leading provider of the BASIC programming language
• In 1981 IBM approached Microsoft about licensing it for their new personal computer
• Microsoft licensed a clone of CP/M to IBM and renamed it MS-DOS 1.0
• CP/M was a small operating system, built for the Intel 8080 chip, from Digital Research
• It was all command line oriented, files followed an 8.3 format, and each drive was identified by a letter, e.g., A: C:
Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 11
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MS-DOS Based Windows• Mouse and GUI starts at Xerox PARC
and is used commercially on Apple Macintosh in 1984
• 1990 Microsoft release a successful version of Windows (first two attempts failed) called Windows 3.0
• This was not a true operating system• But in 1995 they release Windows 95
with virtual memory, process management, multiprogramming, with 32-bit programming interfaces
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NT Based Windows
• Microsoft recruits Dave Cutler from DEC where he was one of the key designers of the VMS operating system
• Cutler’s new system was called NT for New Technology
• Designed to be portable across processors and it emphasized security and reliability
• Created a common API across both MS-DOS-based and NT-based WIndows
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NT Based Windows
• Windows 2000 was the most significant evolution for NT
• Added plug-and-play and directory services
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NT Based Windows
• Windows XP included a friendlier new look-and-feel to the graphical interface
• Has become the defacto standard• Added very solid servers
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Programming Layers in Windows
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Virtualization
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Virtualization
• Virtual machine technology (virtualization) is more than 40 years old
• Allows a single computer to host multiple virtual machines (guests)
• The failure of one machine doesn’t bring down the others
• Very small and stable code compared to a full operating system
• Solves the lots-of-little-boxes problem
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Early Hypervisor
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Two Types of Hypervisor
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(a) A type 1 hypervisor. (b) A type 2 hypervisor
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Modern Hypervisor
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A hypervisor supporting both true virtualization and paravirtualization
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Hands-onExercises
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Important URLs
● Xen and the Art of Virtualization - 8 years ago this paper start the modern resurgence in virtualization
● Xen – everything you ever wanted to know about Xen
● VMWare – everything you ever wanted to know about Xen
● VMFusion – all about this handy product w/free trial
● VMPlayer – a nice free version● Virtualbox – a very good free version that comes
well with Ubuntu
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Homework
Review the SlidesTry To Create An ISO DiskBring Up Ubuntu and Try It
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