1~ a3456s9101112131415161718192021222324252G2728MARK M. HATHAWAY,ESQ.(CA Ba r #151332; NY Ba r # 2431682;Wa s hington DC Ba r # 437335)WERKSMAN JACKSONHATHAWAY & QUINN LLP888 Wes t Six th Street, Fourth FloorLosAngeles , Ca lif ornia90017Telephone:(213)688-0460Fa c s im ile:(213)624-1942E-Ma il: m ha tha wa y@werks m a nja c ks on.c omAttorneysf or Petitioner Bryc e Dix on~ ~ q ~ ~ ns z :,.;~ ~ ,~ ~ ~ r:` ~ ~ rri ~ R. ~ a r~ er, ~ ~ ~ s c ~ rtiv e t7~ lc er/ d ie:&t~ ? ~ : ~ h~ 3s nya~ ~ I~ ien, s ~ e~ ut~SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIAFOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES, CENTRAL DISTRICTBRYCE DIXON, a n ind iv id ua l,Petitioner,~ v .KEGAN ALLEE,Ph.D., in her of f ic ia lc a pa c ity a sTitle IX Inv es tiga tor, f or theUniv ers ity ofSouthern Ca lif ornia ;AINSLEY CARRY,Ed .D., in hisof f ic ia lc a p a c ity a sVic e Prov os t f or Stud entAf f a irs , f or the Univ ers ity ofSouthernCa lif ornia ,Res pond ents .c a s e No. ~S 15 7112PETITION FOR WRIT OFADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE._ ' J \ ~~ ;~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ fPetitioner BRYCE DIXON, a18-yea r-olduniv ers ity f res hm a n, petitionsf orwrit ofm a nd a te und er Cod e ofCiv . Proc . 1094.5 or a lterna tiv ely, und er Cod e Civ .Proc . 1085, d irec tedto Res pond entsin their of f ic ia l c a pa c itieswith the Univ ers ityofSouthern Ca lif ornia ("USC")in ord er to red res shisim proper ex puls ion, im pos edby USC' spriv a te Title IX s ex ua l m is c ond uc t inv es tiga tion proc es s , whic h isutterlyla c king in d ue proc es s , with no hea ring, no right to c ouns el, no rulesofev id enc e,no pres um ption ofinnoc enc e, no right to pos s es sc opiesofwitnes ss ta tem entsa ndev id enc e, a ndno right to c onf ront witnes s esa ga ins t him . The entire inv es tiga tion,pros ec ution, f a c t-f ind ing, a ndim pos ition ofs a nc tionsf or the m is c ond uc t c om pla int,1PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE1I2345G7s910111213141516117!181920212223242526'2728brought by a 22 year- ol df i f th- year USC f emal e athl eti ctrai n er,wasc on d uc teden ti rel y by a si n gl e USC T i tl e IX In v esti gator,Respon d en t Dr. KeganA l l ee,whoac tsaspol i c e,prosec utor,an djud ge. Per USC'spol i c y,the f i n d i n gsan dsan c ti on swere appeal edto USC'san on ymousStud en t Behav i or A ppeal sPan el , ' whi c hd en i edPeti ti on er'sappeal . T he T i tl e IX In v esti gator'sf i n d i n gsan dexpul si onsan c ti onwere thenad optedby Respon d en t A i n sl ey Carry,Vi c e Prov ost f or Stud en tA f f ai rs,un f ai rl y an di mproperl y c an c el l i n g USC'sc ommi tmen t to Peti ti on er toatten dUSC ona f ul lsc hol arshi p.By thi sv eri f i edPeti ti on ,Peti ti on er f urther al l egesasf ol l ows:T HE PA RT IES1.Peti ti on er BRYCE DIXON wasat al lti mesrel ev an t an18- year ol df i rst- year stud en t at USC,a member ofthe USC f ootbal lteam,an datten d i n g USCona f ul lsc hol arshi p;2.Respon d en t KEGA N A LLEE, Ph.D.,i sa T i tl e IX In v esti gator at USC,a Cal i f orn i a c orporati onf ormedNov ember 15,1895 operati n g asa pri v ate,c o-ed uc ati on alun i v ersi ty l oc atedn ear d own townLosA n gel es. Un d er USC'sc urren t pol i c i es,T i tl e IX In v esti gator Dr. A l l ee i ssol el y respon si bl e f or thei n v esti gati on ,i n terv i ew ofwi tn esses,reporti n g,f i n d i n gsoff ac t,d etermi n ati onofrespon si bi l i ty,an dthe i ssuan c e ofsan c ti on sagai n st Peti ti on er.3.Respon d en t A INSLEY CA RRY, Ed .D.,who i sthe Vi c e Prov ost f orStud en t A f f ai rsf or USC,approv edan dad optedthe d ec i si onofT i tl e IX In v esti gatorDr. A l l ee2 an dthe an on ymousStud en t Behav i or A ppeal span el .' USC d oesn ot d i sc l ose the i d en ti ty,trai n i n g,n or q ual i f i c ati on softhe membersofthe Stud en t Behav i or A ppeal sPan el ,n or the Pan el 'srul esan dman n er ofd el i berati on .Z Respon d en tsDr. A i n sl ey Carry an dT i tl e IX In v esti gator KeganA l l ee are thesubjec t ofat l east two other pen d i n g wri t peti ti on s,JohnDoe v . USC,LA SC Case No.BS 152306,n ow pen d i n g i nDepartmen t 86 an dJohnDoe v . USC,LA SC Case No.BS 155312,pen d i n g i nDepartmen t 82. T i tl e IX In v esti gatorstypi c al l y are c erti f i edaf ter a two-2PET IT ION FOR WRITOF A DMINIST RA T IVE MA NDA T E1234567's91011121314!151G1718192021222324252G2728JURISDICTION AND VENUE4.The Supreme Court, c ourts of appeal, superi or c ourts, and thei r judgeshave ori gi nal juri sdi c ti on i n proc eedi ngs for ex traordi naryreli ef i n the nature ofmandamus di rec ted to anyi nferi or tri b unal, c orporati on, b oard, or person. Cal.Const., art. VI, 10; see Code Ci v. Proc . 1084("mandamus" sy nony mous wi th"mandate") ; Code Ci v. Proc . 1085.5.Peti ti oner, an aggri eved uni versi tystudent, seeks b ythi s Peti ti on toex haust judi c i al remedi es through thi s peti ti on for wri t of mandate followi ng thepri vate uni versi ty 's appeal proc ess, whi c h i s now fi nal, b efore b ri ngi ng an ac ti on i nstate c ourt for damages and other reli ef for deni al of ri ghts b yRespondents andothers i n vi olati on of the Unruh Ci vi l Ri ghts Ac t, Ci v. Code 52, for b reac h ofc ontrac t, b reac h of good fai th and fai r deali ng, and other torts:"The doc tri ne of ex hausti on ofjudi c i al remedi es prec ludesan ac ti on that c hallenges the result of aquasi -judi c i al proc eedi ngunless the plai nti ff fi rst c hallenges the dec i si on though a peti ti onfor wri t of mandamus.(Johnson v. Ci tyofLoma Li nda (2000)24Ca1.4th 61, 70.)Admi ni strati ve mandamus i s avai lab le for revi ewof"anyfi nal admi ni strati ve order or dec i si on made as the result ofa proc eedi ng i n whi c h b ylaw a heari ng i s requi red to b e gi ven,evi denc e regLti red to b etaken, and di sc reti on i n the determi nati onof fac ts i s vested i n the i nferi or tri b unal, c orporati on, b oard, oroffi c er ...."(Code Ci v. Proc ., 1094.5, sub d. (a) .)"The remedyof admi ni strati ve mandamus i s not li mi ted topub li cagenc i es; rather i t appli es to pri vate organi z ati ons thatprovi de for a formal evi denti aryheari ng. (Pomona College v.Supe~i o~ Court(1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 1716,1722-1723[ 1094.5appli c ab le to pri vate uni versi ti es] .)Moreover, fai lure to ex haustadmi ni strati ve remedi es i s a proper b asi s for demurrer.(Id. at pp.1730-1731.) " Gupta v. Stanford Uni versi ty(Cal. App. 6th Di st.daytrai ni ng sessi on wi th ATXIA, the Assoc i ati on of Ti tle IX Admi ni strators. See fn. 15.https://ati x a.org/events/trai ni ng-and-c erti fi c ati on/3PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE123'4567g9101112131415161718192021222324252G272g2004) 124 C a l .App.4th 407, 411.(C ode C iv.Proc. 1094. 5a ppl ied to the ca s e of as tu den t who wa ss u b j ect to u n ivers itydis cipl in a ryproceedin gs . )6. The S u perior C ou rt for the C ou n tyof LosAn gel es , the cou n tywherethe Res pon den t isempl oy ed inhisofficia lca pa city , isthe proper cou rt for thehea rin g of thisa ction .C ode C iv.Proc. 395.A petitionfor writ of ma n da te istob e hea rd inDepa rtmen ts82, 85, or 86 of the LosAn gel esS u perior C ou rt.LosAn gel esS u perior C ou rt Loca lRu l es , Ru l e 2. 7, Ru l e 3. 5.REQUES T FOR S TAY7. Ina dditionto other rel ief, Petition er s eeksa nimmedia te s ta yofRes pon den ts ' ex pu l s ions a n ctionu n der C ode C iv.Proc. 1094. 5, s u b d. (g) pen din gcou rt review of hisPetition .8. At thisin itia ls ta ge of the writ proceedin g, Petition er doesn ot n eed tos how tha t he isl ikel yto preva il , on l ytha t he ha s"acol ora b l e cl a im for writ rel ief'i. e.there iss ome pos s ib il itytha t he wil lu l tima tel ypreva il .As s ocia tionof Ora n geC ou n tyDepu tyS heriffsv.C ou n tyof Ora n ge (C a l .App.4th Dis t.2013) 217 C a l .App.4th 29.Atria lcou rt ma yn ot gra n t aprel imin a ryin j u n ction , rega rdl es softhe b a l a n ce of in terim ha rm, u n l es sthere iss ome pos s ib il itytha tthe pl a in tiff wou l d u l tima tel ypreva ilonthe meritsof the cl a im.[ C ita tion . ] ' [ C ita tion . ] "(Hu n t v.S u perior C ou rt(1999)21 C a 1. 4th984, 999; s ee Why te v.S chl a ge Lock C o. (2002) 101 C a 1. App. 4th1443, 1450. )As s ocia tionof Ora n ge C ou n tyDepu tyS heN iffsv.C ou n tyof Ora n ge(C a l .App.4th Dis t.2013)217 C a l .App.4th 29 (empha s isprovided. )9. Inthisca s e there a re two priva te pa rties , US Ca n d on e of itss tu den ts .Ina neffort to a void federa lfin esa n d l os sof federa lfu n din g, US Ccon du ctspriva teTitl e IX in ves tiga tion swhere the a ccu s ed s tu den t ha sn o right to cou n s el , n o rightto con fron t witn es s es , n o right to pos s es sthe witn es ss ta temen tsor eviden ce a ga in s tPETITIONFOR WRIT OF ADMIN IS TRATIVE MAN DATE12345'613141516171819202122232425262728him, no r u l e sof e vide nce , no he a r ing , with thede te r mina tion of s e xu a la s s a u l t ors e xu a lmis condu ct ma deby USC'sT itl eIX Inve s tig a tor , a nd with a n inte r na la ppe a lto a n a nonymou sStu de nt Be ha viorAppe a l sP a ne l .P e titione rha sa t l e a s t acol or a bl ecl a im tha t heha sbe e n de nie d Du eP r oce s sin theta k ingof hisve s te d r ig htto a tte nd USC on afu l ls chol a r s hip.10. Re g a r dl e s sof USC'ss tr onginte r e s t in s te mmingpu r por te d s e xu a lviol e nceon the irca mpu s , the r eca n beno pu bl ic inte r e s t in e xpe l l inga n u n-cha r g e d18-ye a r-ol d u nive r s ity s tu de nt whil ethecou r t r e vie wshisP e tition to r e dr e s sRe s ponde nts ' impr ope ra ctions .Se e , Be e ma n v.Re g e ntsof Unive r s ity of Ca l ifor nia(Ca l .App.4th Dis t.2014)229 Ca l .App.4th 1265(UCSD a dminis tr a tivea ctions ta ye d pe ndingcou r t r e vie w).11. T hea l l e g e d incide nt occu r r e d mor etha n e ig ht monthsa g o a nd the r eha vebe e n no othe rinfr a ctions .P e titione rs u cce s s fu l l y compl e te d hisfr e s hma n ye a rcl a s s e sbe for ebe inge xpe l l e d, a nd isr e a dy to s ta r t hiss ophomor eye a r .USC,howe ve r , isimpr ope r l y withhol dinghisfina lg r a de sfortheSpr ings e me s te r .P e titione rs hou l d not ha veto be a rthebu r de n of ha vings a nctionsimpos e d now, if ittu r nsou t l a te r , a fte rar e vie w on theme r its , tha t USC wa swr ong .Withou t as ta y,P e titione rwil lha vea l r e a dy s u ffe r e d a l lthecons e qu e nce sa nd ir r e pa r a bl eda ma g eoftheimpr ope rs a nctions , incl u dingthel os sof hiss chol a r s hip, thel os sof hispl a yinge l ig ibil ity, a nd theinte r r u ption to hise du ca tion, e ve n if heu l tima te l y pr e va il s .USC, on theothe rha nd, ca n s til limpl e me nt itsdis cipl ine , s hou l d theu nive r s ityu l tima te l y pr e va il .P ROCEDURAL HIST ORY12. T hisca s ea r is e sa mids t ag r owingna tiona lcontr ove r s y s te mmingfr omtheU. S.De pt.of Edu ca tion'sOfficeof CivilRig hts ("OCR")thr e a tsto withhol dfe de r a le du ca tion dol l a r sin or de rto compe lcol l e g e sa nd u nive r s itie sto a ddr e s ss o-5P ET IT ION FOR WRITOF ADMINIST RAT IVE MANDAT E234s9.1011121314151G1718192021222324252G2728c a l l e d"se xua lv i o l e n c e " o nt h e i rc a m p use s.3Dur i n g t h e2013 -2014 a c a d e m i cy e a r ,t h eU.S. De p t . o f Ed uc a t i o n( t h e"De p a r t m e n t") d i st r i b ut e d$137.75 B i l l i o nDo l l a r s( $134, 752, 416, 151) o f fi n a n c i a la i dt op ub l i ca n dp r i v a t ec o l l e ge sa n dun i v e r si t i e sfo rst ud e n t sa t t e n d i n g t h e i rsc h o o l s.4Th eUn i v e r si t yo f So ut h e r nC a l i fo r n i a ("USC"),wh i c hi sun d e ri n v e st i ga t i o nb yOC R fo ra l l e ge dm i sh a n d l i n go f Ti t l eIX se xua lm i sc o n d uc tc a se s, sr e c e i v e d$592, 499, 443.00 i nfe d e r a lfun d sd ur i n g t h e2013-2014 a c a d e m i cy e a r .Exh i b i t3, 6 a t t a c h e dh e r e t o .OC R'st h r e a t e n e dwi t h h o l d i n g o f fe d e r a lfun d sp ut si m m e n sep r e ssur eo nUSCt ot r e a tst ud e n t sa c c use do f se xua lm i sc o n d uc twi t hap r e sum p t i o no f gui l ta n dt osi m p l ye xp e le v e r ya c c use dm a l est ud e n ti no r d e rt oa v o i dj e o p a r d i z i n g t h efl o w o fh un d r e d so f m i l l i o n so f fe d e r a le d uc a t i o nd o l l a r s.9.InA p r i l2011,OC R i ssue da"De a rC o l l e a gue " l e t t e rt op r o v i d egui d a n c et osc h o o l so nt h e i ro b l i ga t i o n st op r e v e n ta n da d d r e ssse xua lv i o l e n c e3 "Th i si sa ni ssueo f p o l i t i c a lc o r r e c t n e ssr una m o k, " a c c o r d i n g t oA l a nM.De r sh o wi t z ,e m e r i t usHa r v a r dLa w p r o fe sso rwh owa sa m o n g t we n t y- e i gh tHa r v a r dLa wSc h o o lfa c ul t ym e m b e r sa sse r t i n g t h a tn e w r ul e sv i o l a t et h ed uep r o c e ssr i gh t so f t h ea c c use d .( Se e ,Re t h i n k Ha r v a r d 'sSe xua lHa r a ssm e n tP o l i c y( Oc t . 15,2014),Th eB o st o nGl o b e .)"A st e a c h e r sr e sp o n si b l efo re d uc a t i n g o urst ud e n t sa b o utd uep r o c e sso f l a w,t h esub st a n t i v el a w go v e r n i n g d i sc r i m i n a t i o na n dv i o l e n c e ,a p p r o p r i a t ea d m i n i st r a t i v ed e c i si o n- m a ki n g,a n dt h er ul eo f l a w ge n e r a l l y ,wefi n dt h en e w se xua lh a r a ssm e n tp o l i c yi n c o n si st e n twi t hm a n yo f t h em o stb a si cp r i n c i p l e swet e a c h ." Id .Se ea l so ,Ki c h a r dDo r m e n t ,Oc c i d e n t a lJ ust i c e , ( A p r i 12015) Esq ui r e ;Te r e saWa t a n a b e ,Mo p eC o l l e geMe nA y eFi gh t i n g B a c k A ga i n stSe xua lMi sc o n d uc tC a se s( J un e7,2014) Lo sA n ge l e sTi m e s.4 So ur c e : h t t p s://st ud e n t a i d .e d .go v/sa /a b o ut/d a t a- c e n t e r/st ud e n t/t i t l e- i v5 USCi so n eo f 113 c o l l e ge sa n dun i v e r si t i e sc ur r e n t l yun d e ri n v e st i ga t i o nb yt h eU.S. De p t . Of Ed uc a t i o nfo rt h e i rh a n d l i n g o f se xua lv i o l e n c ec a se s.A sA p r i l1,2015,113se xua lv i o l e n c ec a se sa r eun d e ri n v e st i ga t i o na t106 p o st se c o n d a r yi n st i t ut i o n si nt h eUn i t e dSt a t e s.So ur c e : U.S. De p t . Ed uc a t i o n ,Offi c eo f C i v i lRi gh t s.6 So ur c e : h o p s://st ud e n t a i d .e d .go v/sa /a b o ut/d a t a-c e n t e r/st ud e n t/t i t l e - i v6P ETITION FOR WRIT OF A DMINISTRA TIVE MA NDA TE2K ~45610111213141516171819202122232425262728under T i t l e IX.' Exhi bi t1. (See a l s o ,"Ques t i o nsa nd Ans werso n T i t l e IX a ndSexua lVi o l ence, " da t ed Apri 129,2014,Exhi bi t2.) g T he Dea r Co l l ea g ue l et t errei t era t est ha tunder T i t l e IX,a l ls cho o l st ha trecei v e f edera lf undsmus tt a kei mmedi a t e a nd ef f ect i v e s t epst ores po nd t o"s exua lv i o l ence." Mo s tno t a bl y ,t heDea r Co l l ea g ue l et t er req ui red s cho o l st oa do ptarel a t i v el yl o w burden o fpro o f"mo re l i kel yt ha n no t "i n ca s esi nv o l v i ngs exua lmi s co nduct ,i ncl udi ngs exua la s s a ul t ,a nd s ug g es t ed t ha ts cho o l ss ho ul d f o cusmo re o n v i ct i m a dv o ca cy .10.In Ja nua ry2014,t he Whi t e Ho us e putf urt her pres s ure o n co l l eg esa nduni v ers i t i est oprev enta nd t opo l i ce s exua lv i o l ence o n t hei r ca mpus esbycrea t i ngat a s k f o rce o fs eni o r a dmi ni s t ra t i o n o f f i ci a l s ,i ncl udi ngt he a t t o rneyg enera la nd t hes ecret a ri eso ft he Educa t i o n,Hea l t h a nd Huma n Serv i cesa nd Int eri o r Depa rt ment s ,t oco o rdi na t e f edera lenf o rcementef f o rt s ."Sexua lv i o l ence" ref erst ophy s i ca ls exua la ct sperpet ra t ed a g a i ns tapers o n'swi l lo r where apers o n i si nca pa bl e o fg i v i ngco ns ent ,i ncl udi ngra pe,s exua la s s a ul t ,s exua lba t t ery ,s exua la bus e,a nd s exua lco erci o n. Al ls uch a ct so fs exua lv i o l ence a re f o rmso fs ex di s cri mi na t i o n pro hi bi t ed byT i t l e IX.(Dea r Co l l ea g ue L et t er,E~ i bi t1,p. 1.)As cho o lv i o l a t esas t udent 'sri g ht sunder T i t l e IX reg a rdi ngs t udent-o n-s t udents exua lv i o l ence when t he f o l l o wi ngco ndi t i o nsa re met :(1)t he a l l eg ed co nducti ss uf f i ci ent l ys eri o ust ol i mi to r denyas t udent 'sa bi l i t yt opa rt i ci pa t e i n o r benef i tf ro m t he s cho o l 'seduca t i o na lpro g ra m,i .e. crea t esaho s t i l e env i ro nment ; a nd (2)t he s cho o l ,upo n no t i ce,f a i l st ot a ke pro mpta nd ef f ect i v e s t epsrea s o na bl yca l cul a t ed t oend t he s exua lv i o l ence,el i mi na t e t he ho s t i l e env i ro nment ,prev enti t srecurrence,a nd,a sa ppro pri a t e,remedyi t sef f ect s . (Apri 129,2014,OCR Ques t i o nsa nd Ans werso n T i t l e IX a nd Sexua lVi o l ence,Exhi bi t2,s ect i o nsA-1 a nd A-2.)gT he "Dea r Co l l ea g ue L et t er" a nd t he "Ques t i o nsa nd Ans wers " a re nei t her f edera ll a w no r f edera lreg ul a t i o nsbutha v e been det ermi ned byt he U.S. Dept . o fEduca t i o n t obe"s i g ni f i ca ntg ui da nce do cument " under t he Of f i ce o fMa na g ementa nd Budg et 'sF i na lBul l et i n f o r Ag encyGo o d Gui da nce P ra ct i ces ,72 F ed. Reg . 3432 (Ja n. 25,2007) . Exhi bi t1,p. 1,Exhi bi t2,p. l .) ; s ee ht t ps ://www.no t a l o ne.~ o v/s cho o l s / whi ch l i s t s"Adv o ca cy/Surv i v o r Serv i cesOrg a ni za t i o ns " f o r a l l eg ed v i ct i msa nd s urv i v o rso fs exua lv i o l ence,butnores o urcesf o r s t udent sa ccus ed o fs exua lv i o l ence.9 Ja cki e Ca l mes ,Oba maSeekst oRa i s e Awa renes so f Ra pe o n Ca mpus(Ja nua ry22,2014)New Yo rk T i mes ; Ja s o n F el ch a nd L a rryGo rdo n,F edeNa lT a s k F o rce t oT a rg etCa mpusSexua lAs s a ul t s(Ja nua ry22,2014)L o sAng el esT i mes .7P ET IT ION F OR WRITOFADMINIST RAT IVE MANDAT E123456a9101112131415~ s ~17181920212223242526272811.In Februa ry 20 14, Ca therine E. Lha mon,the A s s is ta nt S ec reta ry ofEduc a tion who hea dsthe OCR,tol d c ol l eg e offic ia l sa ttendingac onferenc e a t theU niv ers ity of V irg iniatha t s c hool sneed to ma ke " ra dic a l "c ha ng e. A c c ordingto theChronic l e of Hig her Educ a tion, c ol l eg e p res identss ug g es ted a fterwa rd tha t therewere " c ris pma rc hingordersfrom Wa s hing ton." 10 The Chronic l e of Hig hereduc a tion noted tha t " Col l eg esfa c e inc rea s ingp res s ure from s urv iv orsa nd thefedera lg ov ernment to imp rov e the c a mp usc l ima te." "In the s a me a rtic l e, theChronic l e noted tha t different s ta nda rdswere a p p l ied to men a nd women:" U nderc urrent interp reta tionsof c ol l eg es 'l eg a lres p ons ibil ities , if afema l e s tudent a l l eg ess exua la s s a ul t by ama l e s tudent a fter hea v y drinking , he ma ybe s us p ended orexp el l ed, ev en if s he a p p ea red to be awil l ingp a rtic ip a nt a nd nev er s a id no. Tha t isbec a us e in heteros exua lc a s es , c ol l eg estyp ic a l l y s ee the ma l e s tudent a sthe onep hys ic a l l y a bl e to initia te s ex, a nd therefore res p ons ibl e for g a iningthe woma n' sc ons ent."12.Not s urp ris ing l y c a s esof fa l s e s exua lmis c onduc t a l l eg a tionsha v ebeen rep orted, s uc h a sRol l ingS tone' sa rtic l e on " Ja c kie"a n a l l eg ed ra p e v ic tim a tthe U niv ers ity of V irg inia .12 A l s o dis c redited, Col umbiaU niv ers ity s tudent EmmaS ul kowic z, who s p ent her fina lyea r a t Col umbiatotingama ttres sto p rotes t theuniv ers ity' ss up p os ed fa il ure to p unis h her a l l eg ed ra p is t.Ms . S ul kowic z ev enbec a me s omethingof as p okes p ers on for ra p e v ic timsa nd wa sinv ited to a ttend the10Col l eg esA re Reminded ofFedera lEye on Ha ndl ingofS exua l-A s s a ul t Ca s es ,Chronic l e of Hig her Educ a tion, Februa ry 1 1, 20 14." p res umed G uil ty: Col l eg e men a c c us ed ofra p e s a y the s c a l esa Ne tip p ed a g a ins tthem, Chronic l e of Hig her Educ a tion, S ep tember 1, 20 14.12 " ARa p e on Ca mp us "by S a brinaErdel y wa sp ubl is hed in the Dec ember 4, 20 14is s ue of Rol l ingS tone. The a rtic l e ha ss inc e been retra c ted by the p ubl is her. A fter otherj ourna l is tsinv es tig a ted the a rtic l e' sc l a imsa nd found s ig nific a nt dis c rep a nc ies , Rol l ingS tone is s ued mul tip l e a p ol og iesfor the s tory. Col umbiaJourna l is m Rev iew fea tured thea rtic l e in " The Wors t Journa l is m of 20 14."PETITION FOR WRIT OF A DMINIS TRA TIV E MA NDA TE23456789101112131415161718192021222324252G2728S t a t eof t h eUnion a d d r e s swit hS e n. K ir s t e n Gil l ib r a nd (D-Ne w Y or k ) .13Andt h e nt h e r ea r et h ed is c r e d it e dc l a imsof E r ic aK ins ma n a ndof K a mil a hWil l ingh a m, wh oh a db e e n fe a t u r e din t h emovie ,"Th eHu nt ing Gr ou nd ."14In "An Ope n L e t t e rt oHigh e rE d u c a t ion a b ou tS e xu a lViol e nc e " fr om B r e t tA. S ok ol ow, E s q. a ndTh eNCHE RM15 Gr ou p P a r t ne r s , Ma y 27t h , 2014, Mr . S ok ol ow pr ovid e se xa mpl e sofs e xu a lmis c ond u c tc a s e swh e r et h ec ol l e georu nive r s it y ish ol d ing t h ema l es t u d e nta c c ou nt a b l ein s pit eof t h ee vid e nc e- ort h el a c kt h e r e of "b e c a u s et h e y t h inkt h e ya r es u ppos e dt o, a ndt h a td oing s o iswh a tOCR wa nt s ." e xh ib it5, pp. 4-5.Andfina l l y, nu me r ou sof r igh t sor ga niz a t ionsh a ves pok e n ou ton t h eis s u e , inc l u d ingt h eFou nd a t ion forInd ivid u a lFr e e d om in E d u c a t ion, h t t ps ://www.t h e fir e .or g/, t h eNa t iona lCoa l it ion ForMe n Ca r ol ina s (NCFMC) , h t t p://www.nc fmc a r ol ina s .c om/,S t op Ab u s ivea ndViol e ntE nvir onme nt s (S AVE ) h t t p://www.s a ve s e r vic e s .or ~ / a ndt we nt y-e igh tHa r va r dL a w S c h oolfa c u l t y me mb e r sa s s e r t ing t h a tne w r u l e sviol a t e13E mmaS u l k owic zwa it e ds e ve n mont h st o r e por th e ra l l e ga t ionst o Col u mb iaUnive r s it y.Aft e rinve s t iga t ion b y t h eu nive r s it y a ndl a w e nfor c e me nt , Mr . P a u lNu nge s s e r , t h ea c c u s e ds t u d e nt , wa sc l e a r e dof t h ec h a r ge s .Ms . S u l k owic zt r ie dt o ge tot h e rwome n t o a c c u s eMr . Nu nge s s e rof s e xu a la s s a u l t , b u tCol u mb iaUnive r s it y fou ndh im notr e s pons ib l efort h os ec l a imsa swe l l .On Apr il23, 2015, Mr . Nu nge s s e rs u e dCol u mb iaUnive r s it y forb e ing c ompl ic it y in a l l owing t h eh a r a s s me ntfr om h isa c c u s e r ,wh ic h"s ignific a nt l y d a ma ge d , if note ffe c t ive l y d e s t r oye dP a u lNu nge s s e r 'sc ol l e gee xpe r ie nc e , h isr e pu t a t ion, h ise mot iona lwe l l-b e ing a ndh isfu t u r ec a r e e rpr os pe c t s ." Th el a ws u itinc l u d e sd oz e nsof Fa c e b ookme s s a ge sb e t we e n t h et wo for me rfr ie nd sa ndma nyd e c l a r a t ionsof Ms . S u l k owic z 'sl oveforMr . Nu nge s s e rb e for ea nda ft e rt h ea l l e ge dr a pe .14 S e e , Iva n B . K . L e vings t on, Fil m `Th eHu nt ing Gr ou nd 'Mis r e pY e s e nt sHa r va r dS e xu a lAs s a u l tS t a t is t ic s(Ma r c h26, 2015) , Th eHa r va r dCr ims on; E mil y Y off, How Th eHu nt ing Gr ou ndB l u r st h eTr u t h , (Ju ne1, 2015)S l a t e ; As c h eS c h ow, Th ec ont inu ingc ol l a ps eof'Th eHu nt ing Gr ou nd ,'ac a mpu ss e xu a la s s a u l tpr opa ga nd a fil m,(Ju ne3,2015)Wa s h ingt on E xa mine r .15Th eNCHE RM Gr ou p, t h el a r ge s th igh e re d u c a t ion s pe c ificl a w pr a c t ic ein t h ec ou nt r y, h a swor k e dwit h3,000 h igh e re d u c a t ion c l ie nt sin t h epa s t15 ye a r s , a ndfr e qu e nt l y r e pr e s e nt su nive r s it ie sb e ing inve s t iga t e db y t h eDe pa r t me ntof E d u c a t ion,Offic eforCivilRigh t s(OCR) . Th eNCHE RM Gr ou p a r et h efou nd e r sof ATIXA, ame mb e r s h ip a s s oc ia t ion of mor et h a n 1,400 c a mpu sTit l eIX c oor d ina t or sa ndinve s t iga t or s , t h a tpr od u c e st r a ining ma t e r ia l sa nds e mina r s , pu b l ic a t ions , a ndc onfe r e nc e s .P E TITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINIS TRATIVEMANDATE23456s91011121314151617t h eduep r o c e ssr i g h t so f t h ea c c use d. 16USC'S TITLE IX SEXUAL MISCONDUCT INVESTIGATIONS13. In r e sp o nset oOCR'sg ui da nc ea nd t h ep e ndi ngi nv e st i g a t i o n i nt oUSC'sp r i o rm i sh a ndl i ngo f se x ua lm i sc o nduc tc o m p l a i nt s,USC h a sa do p t e dp r o c e dur e st h a tl a c kt h em o stb a si ce l e m e nt so f fa i r ne ssa nd duep r o c e ss,t h a ta r eo v e r wh e l m i ng l y st a c k e d a g a i nsta c c use d m a l est ude nt s,a nd a r ei n nowa y r e q ui r e db y Ti t l eIX l a w no ra ny fe de r a lo rst a t er e g ul a t i o n.Fo ri nst a nc e :18Gl o b e .19202122232425262728(1)USC p l a c e st h er e sp o nsi b i l i t y fo rt h ei nv e st i g a t i o n,p r o se c ut i o n,fa c t-fi ndi ng ,a nd i ssua nc eo f sa nc t i o nsfo re a c hse x ua lm i sc o nduc tc o m p l a i nta l li n t h eh a ndso f asi ng l ei ndi v i dua l , a" Ti t l eIX Inv e st i g a t o r" ,wh oa c t sa sp o l i c e ,p r o se c ut o r ,a nd j udg e .(2)USC c o nduc t snoe v i de nt i a r y h e a r i nga ta l l ,r e l yi ngi nst e a d up o n t h eTi t l eIX Inv e st i g a t o rt or e a c hh e ro wnc o nc l usi o nswi t h o utah e a r i ng ,b a se d up o n h e ro wn r e v i e wo f t h ei nt e r v i e wsa nd e v i de nc esh eg a t h e r e d a sp a r to f h e ro wn i nv e st i g a t i o n. "16Re t h i nkHa r v a r d'sSe x ua lHa r a ssm e ntPo l i c y (Oc t .15,2014),Th eBo st o n" St ude nt sfa c i ngsusp e nsi o n o re x p ul si o n h a v ei nt e r e st sq ua l i fyi ngfo rp r o t e c t i o n o ft h eDuePr o c e ssCl a use , " Th eCl a user e q ui r e sa tl e a stt h e ser udi m e nt a r y p r e c a ut i o nsa g a i nstunfa i ro rm i st a k e n fi ndi ng so f m i sc o nduc ta nd a r b i t r a r y e x c l usi o n fr o msc h o o l . "Go ssv .Lo p e z(1975)419 U. S.565,577.Th ese v e r i t y o f t h ede p r i v a t i o n i so neo f se v e r a lfa c t o r st h a tm ustb ewe i g h e d i n de c i di ngt h ee x a c tduep r o c e sso we d t h est ude nt .Bo a r d o fCur a t o r so f Uni v e r si t y o fMi sso ur iv .Ho r o wi t z(1978)435 U. S.78.In a l m o ste v e r yp r o c e e di ng" wh e r ei m p o r t a ntde c i si o nst ur n o n q ue st i o nso f fa c t ,duep r o c e ssr e q ui r e sa no p p o r t uni t y t oc o nfr o nta nd c r o ss-e x a m i nea dv e r sewi t ne sse s. "Go l db e r gv .K e l l y (1970)397 U. S.254,269.Pe o p l ei nv o l v e d i n a n a dm i ni st r a t i v ep r o c e e di ngh a v ear i g h tt oc r o ss- e x a m i newi t ne sse s,t h i sr i g h t" i sc o nsi de r e d a sfunda m e nt a la n e l e m e nto f duep r o c e ssa si ti si n c o ur tt r i a l s. "Mc l e o d v .Bo a r d o fPe nsi o n Co m m i ssi o ne r s(1970) 14 Ca l .Ap p . 3d 23,28. " An i m p r o p e rde ni a lo f t h er i g h to f c r o ss-e x a m i na t i o n c o nst i t ut e sade ni a lo f duep r o c e ss. "Pr i e st l y v .Sup e r i o rCo ur t (1958) 50 Ca 1. 2d 812,822.Th er i g h to fc r o ss- e x a m i na t i o n i se sp e c i a l l y i m p o r t a ntwh e r efi ndi ng sa g a i nstap a r t y a r eb a se d o n a na dv e r sewi t ne ss'st e st i m o ny.Ma nufa c t ur e d Ho m eCo m m uni t i e s.Inc .v .Cnt y.o fSa n Lui s10PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE1234567s910111213141516i718192021222324252G2728(3)USC a p p o in t sse x u a la ssa u l tv ic t im s'a d v o c a t e st ose r v ea sT it l eIX In v e st ig a t o r s,whic h r e f l e c t sa p p a r e n ta n da c t u a lb ia sa g a in sta c c u se dm a l est u d e n t s. ' $(4)T hea c c u se dm a l est u d e n tisd e n ie da n y o p p o r t u n it y t oe x a m in e ,c o n f r o n t ,o rc ha l l e n g et hewit n e sse sa g a in sthimina n y m a n n e r ,e it he rd ir e c t l y o rin d ir e c t l y.(5)T hea c c u se dm a l est u d e n tm a y ha v ea na t t o r n e y p r e se n twhe nm e e t in gwit h t heUSC T it l eIX In v e st ig a t o r ,t hea t t o r n e y m u stke e psil e n ta n dm a y n o ta c t iv e l y p a r t ic ip a t e ,a n dc a n n o ta c ta ssp o ke sp e r so no ra d v o c a t ef o rt hea c c u se dint heT it l eIX p r o c e ss.(6)T heT it l eIX In v e st ig a t o r ' sc o n c l u sio n sa n dsa n c t io n sa r esu b j e c tt oa d m in ist r a t iv ea p p e l l a t er e v ie w t oa na n o n ym o u sSt u d e n tBe ha v io rAp p e a l sP a n e l .USC d o e sn o td isc l o set heid e n t it y,t r a in in g ,n o rq u a l if ic a t io n so ft hem e m b e r so ft heSt u d e n tBe ha v io rAp p e a l sP a n e l ,n o rt heP a n e l ' sr u l e sa n dm a n n e ro fd e l ib e r a t io n .(7)T heUSC St u d e n tCo n d u c tCo d ec a l l sf o r a" f a ir ,t ho r o u g h,n e u t r a la n dim p a r t ia lin v e st ig a t io n "o fa l l e g e dse x u a lm isc o n d u c t ,ho we v e r ,d u et ot hep o l it ic iz a t io no fe f f o r t st oa d d r e ssse x u a lv io l e n c eo nc o l l e g ec a m p u se s,a n dt het hr e a t e n e do fl o sso ff e d e r a lf u n d in g ,USC T it l eIX p e r so n n e la c tm o r ea sa d v o c a t e sf o ra l l e g e dv ic t im sa n df o c u so nv a l id a t in gt hein it ia la l l e g a t io n so fse x u a lm isc o n d u c t ,r a t he rt ha na r r iv in ga taf a ira n dim p a r t ia ld e t e r m in a t io no ft hef a c t s.(8)USC g e n e r a l l y r e f e r st oc o m p l a in a n t sa sv ic t im sa n dsu r v iv o r sa n do f f e r st hec o m p l a in in gst u d e n t ssig n if ic a n tr e so u r c e s,a n dn osu p p o r tf o ra c c u se dm a l est u d e n t s. (Se e ,E x hib it4. )Ob isp o(2008) 167 Ca l .Ap p .4t h 705,711- 12.' gUSC T it l eIX p e r so n n e la n dOf f ic eo fE q u it y a n dD iv e r sit y a l sol a c ksg e n d e rd iv e r sit y.ht t p s://e q u it y. u sc . e d u/who- we- a r e /11P E T IT ION FOR WRITOF AD MINIST RAT IVEMAND AT E1 16s91 01 11 21 31 41 5'1 61 71 s1 9202122,2324252G27281 4. In t h i sc a se , USC T i t l eIX Inv e st i g a t o rKe g a n A l l e e , P h . D . 1 9i nv e st i g a t e dt woa l l e g e di nc i d e nt so f mi sc o nd uc ta g a i nstP e t i t i o ne r,t h efi r sto nOc t o be r9, 201 4, a ndse c o nd , Oc t o be r23, 201 4.T i t l eIX Inv e st i g a t o rD r .A l l e ema d efa c t ua lfi nd i ng sba se do n h e ro wn i nv e st i g a t i o n, a d j ud i c a t e dd e t e r mi na t i o n o fr e sp o nsi bi l i t yo rg ui l tfo rSt ud e ntCo nd uc tCo d ev i o l a t i o nsba se do n h e ro wnfi nd i ng s, a ndt h e n d e t e r mi ne dt h esa nc t i o n o f e x p ul si o n ba se do n t h ev i o l a t i o nssh ea d j ud i c a t e d .D r .A l l e e 'sba c kg r o undi si n v i c t i m a d v o c a c ya sa n a d v o c a t efo rsur v i v o r so f se x ua la ssa ul t , d o me st i cv i o l e nc e , a ndbe fo r ec o mi ngt oUSC, D r .A l l e ewa sa n A d v o c a t eSup p o r tSp e c i a l i sti n t h eUC Sa nt aBa r ba r aRa p eP r e v e nt i o nEd uc a t i o n P r o g r a m.Ha v i nga n e x p e r i e nc e dse x ua la ssa ul tv i c t i msa d v o c a t ea c t i nga si nv e st i g a t o r , p r o se c ut o r , a ndj ud g ed o e sno tbo d ewe l lfo ra c c use dma l est ud e nt s,wh oa r ee nt i t l e dt oa" fa i r , t h o r o ug h , ne ut r a la ndi mp a r t i a li nv e st i g a t i o n"o f a l l e g e di nc i d e nt so f se x ua lmi sc o nd uc t .(USC St ud e ntCo nd uc tCo d e , 6, 1 7. 03P r o c e d ur a lRi g h t s, subd .D . ) A sar e sul to f USC'sT i t l eIX se x ua lmi sc o nd uc tp r o c e ss, P e t i t i o ne r 'sr i g h tt oa t t e ndUSC wa se x t i ng ui sh e d , h el o sth i sa t h l e t i csc h o l a r sh i p , l o sth i se l i g i bi l i t yt op l a yfo o t ba l l , a ndh i sa bi l i t yt oc o nt i nueh i sh i g h e re d uc a t i o n a ta no t h e rsc h o o lwa sr e nd e r e da l lbuti mp o ssi bl e , a l lwi t h o utah e a r i ng ,wi t hnor i g h tt oc o unse l , wi t hnor ul e so f e v i d e nc e , wi t hnor i g h tt oc o nfr o ntt h ewi t ne sse sa g a i nsth i m, a ndl a c ki nge v i d e nt i a r ysup p o r t .FA CT UA L BA CKGROUND1 5. P e t i t i o ne rwa sc h a r g e dwi t ht woa l l e g e di nc i d e nt so f mi sc o nd uc t ,Oc t o be r9, 201 4, a ndOc t o be r23, 201 4.1 9 D r .A l l e e 'so nl i neUSC bi o g r a p h yst a t e st h a t" sh eh o l d sc e r t i fi c a t i o nsfr o mna t i o na lo r g a ni z a t i o nso n T i t l eIX i nv e st i g a t i o ns, by st a nd e ri nt e r v e nt i o n t r a i ni ng s, a ndd a ng e ra sse ssme nt . "h t t p s:// e q ui t y . usc . e d u/ wh o-we-a r e / T i t l eIX Inv e st i g a t o r sr e c e i v e" c e r t i fi c a t i o ns"a ft e ra t wo-d a yt r a i ni ngse ssi o n wi t hA T XIA , t h eA sso c i a t i o n o f T i t l eIXA d mi ni st r a t o r s.Se efn.1 5.h t t p s:// a t i x a . o r g /e v e nt s/ t r a i ni ng -a nd-c e r t i fi c a t i o n/1 2P ET IT ION FOR WRITOF A D MINIST RA T IVE MA ND A T E11213456781011121314151617181920212223242526272aA.The October 9, 2014 I n ci d en t.16.As of October 2014, Mr. Di xon , 18, was a freshmanan dmember of theUSC footbal lteam, atten d i n gUSC ona fu l lschol arshi p . Whi l e a sen i or at St.Bon aven tu re Hi g h Schooli nVen tu ra Cal i forn i a, Mr. Di xonwas n amedto the 2013PrepStar Al l- Ameri canDream Team, Parad e Al l - Ameri cansecon dteam, ESPN300, Cal- HiSp orts Al l- State secon dteam, Max Prep s Al l- State Di vi si onIsecon dteam, Oran g e Cou n ty R eg i ster Fab 15 fi rst team, Al l - Ven tu ra Cou n ty CoachesAssoci ati onfi rst team, an dVen tu ra Cou n ty Star Al l- Area an dAl l - Marmon teLeag u e. Mr. Di xonmai n tai n eda core 3.0 GPA an dal so p l ayedbask etbal lfor St.Bon aven tu re.17.OnOctober 9, 2014, at ap p roxi matel y 3:00 a.m., Mr. Di xonan dtwofri en d s came across a femal e athl eti c trai n er an dsoi ree of her femal e roommates onUSC's Fratern i ty R ow. Mr. Di xonk n ew the femal e trai n er, who at ag e 22 was fou ryears ol d er thanMr. Di xonan dwas afi fth- year stu d en t at USC; the two hadp revi ou sl y fol l owedeach other onI n stag ram, hadseveraltel ep hon e con versati on s,an dexchan g edtext messag es.18.The femal es stu d en ts were l eavi n ga p arty at the Zeta Beta Taufratern i ty an dthe femal e trai n er ranu pto Mr. Di xonan dg reetedwi th hi m wi th ahu g . The trai n er i n vi tedMr. Di xonan dhi s fri en d s to j oi nthe femal e stu d en ts i naswi m at The Loren zo ap artmen ts. The stu d en ts al lwen t to the femal e trai n er'sresi d en ce n earby so that the trai n er an dher roommates cou l dg et bathi n gsu i ts.19.Whi l e i nthe resi d en ce, the femal e trai n er i n vi tedMr. Di xonto herbed room to u se a cel lp hon e charg er. The femal e trai n er chan g edi n to her bi k i n ii nthe fron t of Mr. Di xon . Whi l e i nher bed room, the two startedcaressi n gan dfon d l i n geach other ona bed . On e of the trai n er's roommates came i nthe bed room,saw the two onthe bed , an dsai dto the trai n er, "Ik n ew i t." The roommate l eft an dthe femal e trai n er l eft to sp eakwi th her an dwas g on e for abou t 10 mi n u tes. The13PETI TI ON FORWR I T OF ADMI NI STR ATI VE MANDATE1 1~ as91 01 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 8'1 92021222324252627fema le t r a i n err et u r n eda n dla y d ownont h e beda ga i nwi t hMr . Di xon . Th e USCTi t le IX i n v est i ga t orwr ot e i nh erSu mma r y Ad mi n i st r a t i v e Rev i ew t h a tMr . Di xont oldh ert h e followi n g:"So we wer e la yi n ' onh erbed . My sh i r t 's off. Hersh i r t 's off. My p a n t swer e off t oo a c t u a lly. I st a r t edfi n ger i n g h erforac ool c ou p le ofmi n u t es. Sh e's moa n i n g. I'm t h i n k i n g 'yu p ,I'll getsome p la y.' Sh e sa i d'I'm n otfeeli n ' good .' So I st op p ed . Sh e sa i dI c ou ldst a y t h e n i gh t . Isa i d'Na w t h a twou ldma k e me h or n i er ."'Aft erma k i n g su r e t h a tt h e t r a i n erwa s ok ,Mr . Di xonlefta n dwen th ome. Byt h a tt i me,Mr . Di xon 's t wo fr i en d s h a da lr ea d y leftwi t h ou th i m.20.Th e followi n g d a y t h e t r a i n ersen dat extmessa ge t o Mr . Di xonsa yi n gt h a tsh e h a dbla c k edou tt h e n i gh tbefor e a n dc ou ld n 'tr ememberwh a th a dh a p p en ed . Mr . Di xonsen th ert h e followi n g t extmessa ge:"Lol I wen tt o yo h ou se,we wa s p ose t o go t o Lor en zo t o swi m a n dsh i tbu tt h enwe wen ti n t o u rr oom t o getabi k i n ia n dt h enwe k i n d awa s i nu rr oom messi n g a r ou n du rfr i en d s d i d n 'twa n n ago a ft era ll wek i c ki twe messeda r ou n dbu td i d n 'tfu c kork i ss a n da p p a r en t ly aga v eh ea don ly t wi c e befor e lol bu tt h enu rst oma c hwa s h u r t i nso I a sk edi fuwa s ok a y a n dusa i du rst oma c hgeth yp er sen si t i v e so I wa s li k e oht h a t 's r egu la rt h i n g a n duwa s fa d edso. Befor e I leftma d e su r e uwa ssleep i n g onu rsi d e so ud on 'tc h ok e onu rownt h r ow u pa n dbou n c ed ."21 .Ti t le IX In v est i ga t orKega nAllee ev en t u a lly c lea r edMr . Di xonofmi sc on d u c tfort h e Oc t ober9,201 4 i n c i d en tont h e gr ou n d s t h a tt h er e wa s n oev i d en c e t o su ggestt h a tt h e fema le t r a i n erd emon st r a t edala c kof c a p a c i t y i nfr on tof Mr . Di xon ,t h ou ghsh e c la i medt o be bla c k edou ta n dn ota ble t o r ememberwh a th a p p en edi nh erbed r oom wi t hMr . Di xon .B.Th e Oc t ober23-24,201 4 In c i d en t .22.Rega r d i n g Oc t ober23,201 4,wh ent h e fema le t r a i n err od e h erbi c yc leov ert o Mr . Di xon 's a p a r t men ta r ou n dmi d n i gh t ,Ti t le IX In v est i ga t orKega nAlleewr ot e i nh erSu mma r y Ad mi n i st r a t i v e Rev i ew:1 4PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE12345G7s91011121314151G1718'1920212223242526272sAccording t o Complainant , she only wentt o hisresidence [on Oct ober23, 2014] t o smoke t he marijuana blunthe of f ered t o her over t ex tmessages. Respondent [Mr. Dix on], conversely, knew aboutt he sex ualact ivit iest hathad occurred on Oct ober 9t h, and he ex pect ed moreact ivit y t o occur on Oct ober 23rd. He st at ed, "I f eel like t he lastt imewe hung outwe were pastf lirt ing. Pastmessin' around. Two weekslat er she'scomin' over at2 in t he morning."In a seriesoft ex tmessagest ime st amped bet ween 11:59 pm onOct ober 23rd unt il 12:02 am on Oct ober 24t h, Respondentst at ed t hathe want ed t o geta burrit o and Complainantagreed t hatt hey couldwalk t o getone f or him. The lastt wo t ex t sare f rom Complainantst at ing t hatshe is"f reez ingg" ( sic)and asking ifshe could borrow asweat shirt ... Complainantst at ed t hatshe never gota jacketor asweat shirtf rom Respondent . She st at ed,"No, I asked f or one, buthenever came outwit h one. I wasf reez ing when I rode my bike over, butI guesshe didn'tgetmy t ex tin t ime."23.When she arrived atMr. Dix on'sresidence on her bicycle, t hey walkedt oget her t o 30t h and Vermontt o geta burrit o.The f emale t rainer complained ofbeing cold and Mr. Dix on wasrubbing her back and her t highs, t ouching her breast sand hugging and holding on t o her f rom behind her.24.According t o Mr. Dix on, t wo people who knew t he f emale t rainerapproached her on t he way t o get t ing f ood,"I did notknow who t hey were, but[t hef emale t rainer] wasclearly t rying t o avoid t hem seeing her wit h me."25.One oft he f emale t rainer'sroommat es, t he roommat e who haddiscovered Mr. Dix on and t he t rainer on t he bed in her bedroom on Oct ober 9,2014, t old Tit le IX Invest igat or Dr. Allee:[The f emale t rainer] said she wasgoing t o go t o a f riend'sand smoke. Iwasgiving her shitbecause I knew he wasa f oot ball player. She wasvery adamantshe wasonly going t o smoke hisweed. She wast ex t ingme t o prove she wasn'thooking up.. .26.Af t er Mr. Dix on boughtt he burrit o t hey walked back t o hisapart ment ,pasther bicycle. Mr. Dix on'sroommat e and t he roommat e'sgirlf riend were in t he15PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE1 I23456s91 01 11 21 31 41 51 G1 71 81 92021222324252G272sl i v i n groom, ri g h tof fMr. Di xon 'sbedroom. Mr. Di xonan d t h e f emal e t rai n erwal ked p astt h e roommat e an d t h e g i rl f ri en d t o g o i n t o Mr. Di xon 'sbedroom.27.Accordi n gt o T i t l e I X I n v est i g at or Dr. Al l ee, Mr. Di xont ol d h er t h ef ol l owi n g :I 'm ont opofh er bet weenh er l eg saboutt o cuti tup . F i n g eri n gh er an dg rabbi n ' onh er t i t t i es. Sh e sai d,'No, you don 'th av e a con dom.' Ig otupan d p utt h e con dom ont h atwasri g h tont h e f l oor, Sh e n ot i cesi tassoonassh e g et si n . Idi d t h atonp urp ose ... Sh e came ov er t o my h ouseat1am. Ip uti t( t h e con dom) downt h ere because It h oug h tIwasg oi n gt o h i t . We'd messed aroun d bef ore so It h oug h t . Il ef tt h e con domt h ere ri g h tq ui ck because somet i mesyou f org etwh ere you p utyourcon doms.28.Mr. Di xonrep ort ed t h att h e coup l e swi t ch ed bet weena f ew di f f eren tp osi t i on san d t h atal lal on gsh e wasresp on si v e, moan i n g , an d anact i v e p art i ci p an ti nt h e sexualact i v i t y.Af t er t h e sexualact i v i t y, t h e f emal e t rai n er g otdressed an dwen th ome.29.Mr. Di xon 'sroommat e t ol d t h e T i t l e I X i n v est i g at or t h ath e wasi nt h el i v i n groom an d coul d h ear t h e f emal e t rai n er moan i n g , an d t h ati tsoun ded l i ken ormalcon sen sualsex rel at ed moan i n g . T h e roommat e t ol d t h e T i t l e I Xi n v est i g at or:"We di d h ear h er moan i n g . My g i rlasked'I st h i sanev eryday t h i n g ? 'We di dn 'th ear screami n gor an yt h i n g . J ustn ormal -p eop l e-h av i n g -sex-t h i n g . T h enIf el lasl eep ."30.Accordi n gt o t h e f emal e t rai n er, t h e n extaf t ern oonataroun d 4: 00 p .m.,sh e f i rstsp oke aboutt h e sexualen coun t er wi t han ot h er USC at h l et e, wh o sh e h adbeendat i n gf or si x mon t h s. Based onh i scon v ersat i onwi t ht h e f emal e t rai n er, h erboyf ri en d bel i ev ed t h ath er sexualen coun t er wi t hMr. Di xonwascon sen sual . Mr.Di xonwrot e t o USC:"Cl earl y, t h e reason[ t h e f emal e t rai n er]ch ose n ott o p rov i de [ h erboyf ri en d]asa wi t n essi sbecause sh e kn ew t h ath e kn ew t h atsh e wasbei n gdi sh on estaboutt h e ev en t . Al lt h e p eop l e sh e cl ai mssh e t ol d are1 6PET I T I ON F OR WRI TOFADMI NI ST RAT I VE MANDAT E123456sqZo1112131415161718192021222324252627i n c l u d e da sh e rw i t n e sse s,bu tt h epe r sonsh ef e l tc ompe l l e dt o t e l lf i r stw ou l dn oti n c l u d e da sw i t n e sssh ow st h et h a tt h i sc l a i m i sn otv a l i d .Wh e nh ea ske dqu e st i on st h a tw ou l dn a t u r a l l ybea ske dbyaboy f r i e n d ,h ew a sme tw i t hh e re v a si v e n e sst o a n sw e rt h equ e st i on s.Sh esi mpl yd i dn otw a n th i m t o kn oww h a th a ppe n e dbe c a u seh ew ou l df u r t h e rbe l i e v ei tw a sc on se n su a l . "" Sh ea l so l i e dt o h e rboy f r i e n dw h e nh ec on f r on t e dh e ri nMa r c h2015a bou th e rh a v i n g se x w i t h[ a n ot h e r ]USC f oot ba l lpl a y e r[ ) pr i ort o2015 a n dh e rh a v i n g se x t h eUSC f r e sh ma n[ a t h l e t e ]pl a y e ra sw e l l . "31. T i t l eIX In v e st i ga t orDr .A l l e en e v e ri n t e r v i e w e dt h ef e ma l et r a i n e r ' sboy f r i e n dofsi x mon t h s.L a t e r ,t h ef e ma l et r a i n e rt ol dh e rr oomma t e st h a tt h ese xu a li n t e r c ou r sew i t hMr .Di xonw a sn on-c on se n su a la n dsh et e xt e da ne x-boy f r i e n dl i v i n g ou tofst a t et h a t" sh ew a st h ev i c t i m ofse xu a la ssa u l t . "32. OnOc t obe r28,2014,t h ef e ma l et r a i n e rw e n tt o t h eUSC St u d e n tH e a l t hCe n t e rf ort e st s. Gi v e nh e rd e sc r i pt i onoft h ei n c i d e n t ,t h eme d i c a lst a f ff u l f i l l e dt h e i rma n d a t or yr e por t i n g obl i ga t i on sa n dc on t a c t e dt h eL osA n ge l e sP ol i c eDe pa r t me n t ,h ow e v e r ,t h ef e ma l et r a i n e rd e c l i n e dt o pu r su eorpa r t i c i pa t ew i t ha n yc r i mi n a li n v e st i ga t i on .33. OnNov e mbe r5,2015,t h ef e ma l et r a i n e rma d ear e por tt o T i t l eIXi n v e st i ga t orKe ga nA l l e e ,a c c u si n g Mr .Di xonof n on-c on se n su a lse xu a li n t e r c ou r se .Inh e rst a t e me n t st o t h eT i t l eIX In v e st i ga t or ,h ow e v e r ,sh ea c kn ow l e d ge dt h a ta tn o poi n td i dsh ea sk Mr .Di xont o st op n ord i dsh ee xpr e ssa n yl a c k ofc on se n t . Sh er e por t e d :T h r ou gh ou tt h ee n t i r et h i n g i tw a se a si e rt o sa y' I c a n ' t 'be c a u seI kn owI' m n ota l l ow e dt o f orjob pu r pose s.I f e e ll i keh ec ou l du set h i sa ga i n stmea tw or k w h i c hi sw h yi tt ook mel on ge rt o r e por t .A ton epoi n th epu th i sh a n dov e rmymou t ha n dsh u sh e dmea n dsa i d ' No on eh a st ok110W. ' 2o20T i t l eIX In v e st i ga t orDr .A l l e er e por t e d , " On eofCompl a i n a n t ' sc on c e r n sa bou tr e por t i n g w a sa bou tw h e t h e rsh ew ou l dbef i r e df r om A t h l e t i cT r a i n i n g i fi tw a skn ow nt h a tsh eh a dse xu a lr e l a t i on sw i t ha na t h l e t e .Re spon d e n ta l so st a t e dt h a th ebe l i e v e dt h i s17P ET IT ION FOR WRITOF A DMINIST RA T IVE MA NDA T E2~ ~45Gs910111213141516171819202122232425262728The female t r ai n erd i dn otv oi c e an y ot herob j ec t i on s.She d i dn otst at e t hatshe was n otfeeli n gwell,as she hadd on e b efor e onOc t ob er9t h n ord i dshe ask Mr .Di xont o st op ,as he hadd on e onOc t ob er9,2015.Ac c or d i n gt o herr ep or t ,t hefemale t r ai n erq u i c kly p u tonhershor t s,fou n dherp hon e,whi c h hadfallent o t hefloor ,an dt henMr .Di xon" sai dsomet hi n gli ke we shou ldd o t hi s ag ai norI shou ldc ome ov erag ai nsoon ,an dI left . "34. OnNov emb er7,2015,fou rar medUSC P u b li cSafet y Offi c er s c ame t oMr .Di xon 's ap ar t men tt o ser v e t he n ot i c e of alleg edUSC mi sc on d u c tp oli c yv i olat i on s.35. Mr .Di xonc oop er at edwi t h t he i n v est i g at i onan dwas i n t er v i ewedb yTi t le IX In v est i g at orDr .Allee t wo t i mes,p r ov i d edn ames of ot herwi t n esses,p r ov i d edt extmessag es an dp hot og r ap hs.Mr .Di xonwr ot e t o USC:" All I d i dwas t ell t he t r u t h,an dI feel I was v i li fi edb y t he i n v est i g at oran dwas g u i lt y fr om t he st ar tan dn ev erhada c han c e t o g eta fai rop p or t u n i t y t o d efen dmyself.I t hou g htI wou ldj u stt ell t he t r u t h an di twou ldb e ov er .My on ly wi sh i nt hi s wor ldwas t o b e a USC Tr oj anan dt o b e su c c essfu l whi le b ei n ga st u d en tat hlet e aton e of t he fi n esti n st i t u t i on s i nt he wor ld .I d i dn otkn ow i tc ou ldall en d ,b y hav i n gafalse alleg at i ont hr ownatme. "36. Infi n d i n gMr .Di xonr esp on si b le formi sc on d u c tonOc t ob er23,b u tn otOc t ob er9,2014,Ti t le IX In v est i g at orDr .Allee c i t es USC's " affi r mat i v ec on sen t "p oli c y forsexu al ac t i v i t y. 21 DrAllee c on c lu d es:mot i v at edComp lai n an tt o li e ab ou tt he alleg edn on -c on sen su al ac t s. "Z ' The " yes mean s yes"st an d ar dof affi r mat i v e c on sen thas b eenq u est i on edi nr ec en tr u li n g s t hatc i t e a lac k of Du e P r oc ess.See " Yes fn ean s yes" p oli c y c omi n gu n d erfi r efr om j u d g es,Fox News,Cod y Der esp i n a,Au g u st11,2015; See also Moc k v .Un i v er si t y of Ten n essee atChat t an oog a,Dav i d sonCou n t y,Ten n essee,Case No.14- 1687-II,Au g u st4,2015,HonCar ol L.Mc Coy wr ot e, " Affi r mat i v e c on sen t" essen t i allyfor mali zes] a p r esu mp t i onof g u i ltan dr eq u i r e[ es t he d efen d an t ] t o p r ov e hi s i n n oc en c e asanaffi r mat i v e d efen se. "Id . ,p .6." The p osi t i onof[ t he Un i v er si t y ofTen n essee- Chat t an oog a] i s t hati tsat i sfi es i t s b u r d enof p r oof b y r eq u i r i n gt he ac c u sedt oaffi r mat i v e p r ov i d e c on sen t . . . Thi s p r oc ed u r e i s flawedan du n t en ab le i f d u e p r oc ess i s t o18P ETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE12K ~131415161718192021222324252G2728Mr. Dixon d idd e s c rib eb e h a v iorst h a th eb e l ie v e dind ic a t e d[ t h efe ma l et ra ine r' s ]a ffirma t iv ec ons e ntd u ringb ot hinc id e nt s . Hes t a t e dt h a th eb e l ie v e dt h e rewa sa ffirma t iv ec ons e ntb e c a u s es h ewa s"Lipb it ing ,moa ning ,k is s ingmeb a c kon my ne c kt ypet h ing ." Hea l s os t a t e dt h a th eb e l ie v e ds h eind ic a t e da ffirma t iv ec ons e ntb y l yingna k e don t h eb e dwh il eh epu ton t h ec ond om. Howe v e r,s inc eb ot ha c c ou nt sc a nnotb et ru e ,a ndIfind[ t h efe ma l et ra ine r]t o b emorec re d ib l e ,Ifindt h a titismorel ik e l y t h a n nott h a ts e xu a la c t iv it y on Oc t ob e r23-24,2014 b e t we e n [ t h efe ma l et ra ine r]a ndMr. Dixon wa sforc ib l ea ndnonc ons e ns u a l .C. USC' sAnonymou sSt u d e ntBe h a v ior Appe a l sP a ne l .37.Fol l owingis s u a nc eof Dr. K e g a n Al l e e ' sSu mma ry Ad minis t ra t iv eRe v ie w,Mr. Dixon s u b mit t e dat ime l y writ t e n a ppe a lt o USC' sa nonymou sSt u d e ntBe h a v ior Appe a l sP a ne l . USC d oe snotid e nt ify t h eme mb e rsof t h eSt u d e ntBe h a v ior Appe a l sP a ne l ,nor t h e ir q u a l ific a t ions ,re s pons ib il it ie s ,proc e d u re s ,norma nne r of d e l ib e ra t ion. Th eSt u d e ntBe h a v ior Appe a lBoa rdd e nie dP e it ione r' sa ppe a l .38.Th e re a ft e r Re s pond e ntDr. Ains l e y Ca rry is s u e dh isfina ld e c is ion t h a ta d opt e dTit l eI X I nv e s t ig a t or Dr. Al l e e ' sfind inga nds a nc t ionsa nde xpe l l e dP e t it ione r.RESP ONDENTS'ACTI ONS AND DECI SI ON ARE I NVALI D39.On informa t ion a ndb e l ie f,Re s pond e nt s 'a c t ions ,s a nc t ions ,a ndd e c is ion a reinv a l idu nd e r Cod eCiv . P roc . 1094.5,a nda l t e rna t iv e l y Cod eCiv .P roc . 1085,for t h efol l owingre a s ons :(1)Re s pond e ntfa il e dt o g ra ntP e t it ione r afa ir h e a ring ,or a nyh e a ringa ta l l ;b ea fford e dt h ea c c u s e d ." I d .,p. 11, "Ab s e ntt h et a pere c ord ingof av e rb a lc ons e ntor ot h e rind e pe nd e ntme a nst o d e mons t ra t et h a tc ons e ntwa sg iv e n,t h ea b il it y of a n a c c u s e dt oprov et h ec ompl a iningpa rt y' sc ons e nts t ra insc re d u l it y a ndisil l u s ory." I d .,p. 12.19P ETI TI ON FOR WRI T OF ADMI NI STRATI VE MANDATE123456s91011121314151617181920212223242526272s(2)Respondent committed a pr ej u dicialabu se of discr etion,in th at Respondent fail ed to pr oceed in th e mannerr eq u ir ed by l aw;(3)Respondent's decision is not su ppor ted by th e finding s;and(4)Respondent's finding s ar e not su ppor ted by th e ev idence.40. Respondent' actions and decision depr iv e P etitionerof fu ndamentalv ested r ig h ts,th er efor e,th e r ev iewingcou r t mu st ex er cise it's independentj u dg ment to r eweig hth e ev idence pu r su ant to Code Civ .P r oc. 1094. 5(c).A. P r esu mption of Cor r ectness Does Not Appl y to P r iv ate P ar ty.41. Respondents ar e th e T itl e IX Inv estig atorand Vice P r ov ost of Stu dentAffair s forUSC,wh ichisis a pr iv ate cor por ation and not an administr ativ e orpu bl ic ag ency entitl ed to th e " officialdu ty pr esu mption"of cor r ectness u nderCodeCiv .P r oc. 1094. 5.T h e notion th at an administr ativ e decision is be pr esu medcor r ect is based on th e " officialdu ty pr esu mption"in Cal ifor nia Ev idence Code 664,wh ichstates," It is pr esu med th at officialdu ty h as been r eg u l ar l y per for med. "" T h e finding s of a boar d wh er e for malh ear ing s ar e h el dsh ou l d and do come befor e th e cou r ts witha str ongpr esu mption inth eir fav or basedpr imar il yon th e [ r ebu ttabl e]pr esu mptioncontained in section 1963,su b section 15,of th e Code of Civ ilP r ocedu r e [ cu r r entl y Ev idence Code section 664]'T h at officialdu ty h as been r eg u l ar l yper for med. ' Obv iou sl y,consider abl eweig h tsh ou l dbeg iv entoth efinding sofex per iencedadministr ativ ebodiesmade after a fu l l and for malh ear ing ,especial l y in cases inv ol v ingtech nicaland scientific ev idence. "Fu ku da v . City of Ang el s (1999) 20 Cal .4th805,812 citingD~u miney v . State Boar d of Fu neNalDir ector s &Embal mer s(1939) 13 Cal .2d 75,86.Al th ou g hCode Civ .P r oc. 1094. 5 h as been made appl icabl e to facu l tytenu r e and stu dent discipl inar y matter s condu cted by pr iv ate col l eg es and20P ET IT ION FOR WRITOF ADMINIST RAT IVE MANDAT E12345G7s91011121314151G17192021222324252G2728u n i v e r si t i e s, 22t h e" o f f i c i a ldu t y pr e su mpt i o n "se tf o r t hi nEv i d. Co de 664 h a sn o tbe e nma dea ppl i c a bl et osu c hpr i v a t ee n t i t i e s,o rpr i v a t epa r t i e s.Re spo n de n t sse r v eUSC'sf i n a n c i a la n d i n st i t u t i o n a li n t e r e st s,n o tt h ei n t e r e st so ft h epu bl i cn o rt h ePe o pl eo ft h eSt a t eo fCa l i f o r n i aa n d Re spo n de n t sa r en o te n t i t l e d t ot h e" o f f i c i a ldu t y pr e su mpt i o n "i nCa l i f o r n i aEv i d. Co de 664.B.D o c t r i n eo fJ u di c i a lNo n -I n t e r v e n t i o nD o e sNo tAppl y.42.Th edo c t r i n eo f j u di c i a ln o n i n t e r v e n t i o ni n t ot h ea c a de mi ca f f a i r so fsc h o o l sdo e sn o ta ppl y i ni n st a n c e so f n o n -a c a de mi ca f f a i r s,su c ha st h i sTi t l eI Xi n v e st i g a t i o na n d h e a r i n gpr o c e ssf o ra l l e g e d v i o l a t i o no fUSC'smi sc o n du c tpo l i c y.Se eBa n ksv . D o mi n i c a nCo l l e g e(Ca l . App. 1stD i st . 1995) 35 Ca l . App. 4t h1545;Pa u l se nv . Go l de nGa t eUn i v e r si t y (1979)25 Ca l . 3d 803.C.USC'sAdmi n i st r a t i v eAc t i o nMa y No tbeSu bj e c tt oWr i to fMa n da t e .43.Pe t i t i o n e rse e kst oe xh a u stj u di c i a lr e me di e st h r o u g ht h i sPe t i t i o nf o rWr i to fMa n da t ef o l l o wi n ge xh a u st i o no fUSC'sa ppe a lpr o c e ss,h o we v e r ,USC'sTi t l eI X a dmi n i st r a t i v ea c t i o nma y n o tbea ppr o pr i a t ef o rj u di c i a lr e v i e w bya dmi n i st r a t i v ema n da mu s. Ge n e r a l l y,a dmi n i st r a t i v ema n da mu si sa v a i l a bl ef o rr e v i e w o f " a n y f i n a la dmi n i st r a t i v eo r de ro rde c i si o nma dea st h er e su l to fapr o c e e di n gi nwh i c hby l a w ah e a r i n gi sr e q u i r e d t obeg i v e n ,e v i de n c er e q u i r e d t obet a ke n ,a n d di sc r e t i o ni nt h ede t e r mi n a t i o no ff a c t si sv e st e d i nt h ei n f e r i o rt r i bu n a l ,c o r po r a t i o n ,bo a r d,o ro f f i c e r ..." Co deCi v . Pr o c ., 1094.5,su bd. (a ).44.Re spo n de n tUSC'sa dmi n i st r a t i v ede t e r mi n a t i o n ,h o we v e r ,wa sn o tma dea st h er e su l to fapr o c e e di n gi nwh i c ha ne v i de n t i a r y h e a r i n gi sr e q u i r e d byl a w o rby USC'spo l i c i e s.Th u sPe t i t i o n e rma y h a v ee xh a u st e d h i sa dmi n i st r a t i v eZZ Po mo n aCo l l e g ev . Su pe r i o rCo u r t (1996)45 Ca l .App.4t h1716,1722-1723;Gu pt av . St a n f o r d Un i v e r si t y (Ca l . App. 6t hD i st . 2004) 124 Ca l . App. 4t h407.21PETI TI ON FOR WRI T OF AD MI NI STRATI VE MAND ATE1'2345G7S91011121314151G171819202122232425262728remedies through his appeal to USC's anonymous Student Behavior Appeals Paneland to Respondent Dr. Ainsley Carry and not req uired to f urther pursue j udic ialremedies through w rit ofmandamus.2345.Unlike the disc iplinary proc edure at issue in Gupta v. Stanf ordUniversity (Cal.App.6th Dist. 2004) 124 Ca1.App.4th 407, USC's internal T itle IXpolic ies do not req uire a f ormal evidentiary, nor does T itle IX, nor does theguidanc e f rom the U.S. Department ofEduc ation, O f f ic e ofCivil Rights, req uire anevidentiary hearing. Exhibit 1 and Exhibit 2.46.O n inf ormation and belief , relevant evidenc e is available w hic h w asimproperly exc luded or unavailable during USC's T itle IX disc iplinary proc ess.Petitioner w ill seek leave to of f er suc h evidenc e bef ore the review ing c ourt at thehearing on this Petition.47.Petitioner has exhausted all administrative remedies.48.Petitioner has no plain, speedy and adeq uate remedy in the ordinaryc ourse oflaw .49.Petitioner is obligated to pay an attorney f or legal servic es to prosec utethis ac tion. Petitioner is entitled to rec over attorney's f ees as provided in Gov. Code 800 and Code Civ Proc 1021.5 ifPetitioner prevails in the w ithin ac tion, on theground that, on inf ormation and belief , Respondents' dec ision w as the result ofarbitrary and c apric ious c onduc t.50.Petitioner w ill suf f er irreparable harm ifthis matter is not stayedpending j udic ial review , bec ause even ifthe Court subseq uently rules in his f avor,23 "T he remedy ofadministrative mandamus is not limited to publicagenc ies;ratherit applies to private organiz ations that provide f or a f ormal evidentiary hearing.(PomonaCollege v. Superior CouNt(1996)45 Ca1.App.4th 1716, 1722-1723 [ 1094.5 applic able toprivate universities] .) Moreover, f ailure to exhaust administrative remedies is a properbasis f or demurrer.(Id. at pp. 1730-1731.) Gupta v. Stanf ord University (Cal.App.6thDist. 2004) 124 Ca1.App.4th 407, 411.(Code Civ. Proc . 1094.5 applied to the c ase ofastudent w ho w as subj ec t to university disc iplinary proc eedings.)22PET IT IO N FO R WRITO F ADMINIST RAT IVE MANDAT E1 P e t i t i o n e rw i l lhaveal r e ad ys u f f e r e dal lt heco n s e qu e n ce san di r r e p ar ab l ed amageo f2t hei mp r o p e rs an ct i o n s ,i n cl u d i n g t hel o s so fhi ss cho l ar s hi p ,t hel o s so fhi sp l ay i n g3e l i gi b i l i t y ,an dt hei n t e r r u p t i o nt ohi se d u cat i o n .451 . Thead mi n i s t r at i ver e co r do fRe s p o n d e n t s ' Ti t l eIX d i s ci p l i n ar y5p r o ce s sagai n s tP e t i t i o n e rw i l lb es u b mi t t e dan dmad ea p ar to ft hi sP e t i t i o nass o o n6asRe s p o n d e n t sp r o vi d et head mi n i s t r at i ver e co r d .~ 52. P e t i t i o n e ri su n ab l et op r e s e n tan ye vi d e n ceo rw i t n e s ss t at e me n t sf r o m8t heUSC Ti t l eIX i n ve s t i gat i o nb e cau s eUSC d o e sn o tal l o wP e t i t i o n e rt op o s s e s s~ co p i e so ft hew i t n e s ss t at e me n t so fo t he re vi d e n ceagai n s thi m.Z o1 1 WHEREFORE, P e t i t i o n e rp r ay st heco u r tf o rju d gme n tasf o l l o w s :1 21 . Fo ranal t e r n at i vew r i to fman d at ed i r e ct i n g Re s p o n d e n t st os e tas i d e1 3t hef i n d i n gsan ds an ct i o n si s s u e dagai n s tP e t i t i o n e r ,o rt os ho wcau s ew hya1 4p e r e mp t o r yw r i to fman d at et ot hes amee f f e cts ho u l dn o tb ei s s u e d . ;1 52. Fo ra p e r e mp t o r yw r i to fman d at ed i r e ct i n g Re s p o n d e n t st os e tas i d e1 ~ t he i rf i n d i n gsan ds an ct i o n sagai n s tP e t i t i o n e r ;1 7 3. Fo ra s t ayo ft hes an ct i o n si s s u e db yRe s p o n d e n t sagai n s tP e t i t i o n e ri s p u r s u an tt oCo d eCi v.P r o c. 1 0 9 4. 5( g) ;1 9 4. Fo rr e as o n ab l eat t o r n e y 'sf e e san dl i t i gat i o ne xp e n s e sasp e r mi t t e db y20 s t at u t e ,i nad d i t i o nt oan yo t he rr e l i e fgr an t e do rco s t saw ar d e d ;21 5. Fo ral lco s t so fs u i ti n cu r r e di nt hi sp r o ce e d i n g;an d226. Fo rs u ch o t he ran df u r t he rr e l i e fast heco u r td e e msp r o p e r .23WERKSMAN JACKSON24 HATHAWAY & QUINN LLP2526Dat e d :Au gu s t1 1 ,20 1 5By :27At t o r n e y sf o rP e t i t i o n e r2823P ETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATEi l l234567s9'i ol l1415161718192021~'24262728VERIFICATIONI,Bryce Di xo n,am t h e p et i t i o ner i n t h i s act i o n.I h ave read t h e f o reg o i ngp et i t i o n and kno w t h e co nt ent s t h ereo f .Th e same i s t ru e o fmy o wn kno wl edg e,excep tas t ot h o se mat t ers wh i chare t h erei n al l eg ed o n i nf o rmat i o n and b el i ef ,andas t ot h o se mat t ers,I b el i eve i tt ob e t ru e.I decl are u nder p enal t y o fp erj u ry u nder t h e l aws o ft h e S t at e o fCal i f o rni at h att h e f o reg o i ngi s t ru e and co rrect . S i g ned o n t h e dat e b el o w atVent u ra,Cal i f o rni a.`~~~iDat e:Au g u st10,2015-~~rycei xo n24PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINIS TRATIVE MANDATE X 1 ItF ""~ ~ , UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OFEDUCATION~ ~ `~ ~~ .y v ~ t'OfF ICE F OR CIV ILRIGHTS~ .y '`'THE ASSISTANT SECRETARYAp r i l4,2011DearCo l l eag u e:Edu cati o nhas l o ngbeenr eco g ni z edas the g r eat eq u al i z eri nAmer i ca.The U. S.Dep ar tment o fEdu cati o nand i tsOffi ce fo rCi v i l Ri g hts(OCR) bel i ev e that p r o v i di ngal l stu dents w i thanedu cati o nalenv i r o nment fr ee fr o mdi scr i mi nati o ni sextr emel yi mp o r tant.The sexu alhar assment o f stu dents,i ncl u di ngsexu alv i o l ence,i nter fer es w i thstu dents' r i g ht tor ecei v e anedu cati o n fr ee fr o mdi scr i mi nati o nand,i nthe case o f sexu alv i o l ence,i sacr i me.Ti tl eIX o f the Edu cati o nAmendments o f 1972 (Ti tl eIX ),20 U. S. C. 1681 et seq . ,and i tsi mp l ementi ngr eg u l ati o ns,34 C. F . R.Par t 106,p r o hi bi t di scr i mi nati o no n the basi s o f sex i nedu cati o np r o g r ams o racti v i ti es o p er atedbyr eci p i ents o f F eder alfi nanci al assi stance.Sexu alhar assment o f stu dents,w hi chi ncl u des acts o f sexu alv i o l ence,i sa fo r m o f sex di scr i mi nati o np r o hi bi tedbyTi tl eIX .fno r dertoassi st r eci p i ents,w hi ch i ncl u de scho o ldi str i cts,co l l eg es,andu ni v er si ti es (her ei nafter"scho o l s" o r"r eci p i ents") i nmeeti ngthese o bl i g ati o ns,thi s l etter sexp l ai ns that the r eq u i r ements o f Ti tl eIX p er tai ni ngtosexu alhar assment al soco v ersexu alv i o l ence,and l ay s o u t the sp eci fi c Ti tl eIX r eq u i r ements ap p l i cabl e tosexu alv i o l ence. zSexu alv i o l ence,as that ter mi su sedi nthi s l etter ,r efer s top hy si calsexu alactsp er p etr atedag ai nst ap er so n's w i l lo rw her e ap er so ni si ncap abl e o f g i v i ngco nsent du e tothe v i cti m'su se o f dr u g s o ral co ho l .An i ndi v i du alal so maybe u nabl e tog i v e co nsent du e toan i ntel l ectu alo ro therdi sabi l i ty .A nu mbero f di ffer ent acts fal l i ntothe categ o r yo f sexu alv i o l ence,i ncl u di ngr ap e,~ The Dep ar tment has deter mi ned that thi s DearCo l l eag u e L etteri sa "si g ni fi cant g u i dance do cu ment" u ndertheOffi ce o f Manag ement andB u dg et's F i nal B u l l eti n fo r Ag encyGo o d Gu i dance Pr acti ces,72 F ed.Reg .3432(tan.25,20071,av o i l abl e at:http ://w w w . w hi teho u se. g o v /si tes/defau l t/fi l es/o mb/assets/r eg u l ato r y _ ma#ter s_ p df/Q12507_ g o o d~ u i dance. p df.OCR i ssu es thi s and o ther p o l i cy g u i dance top r o v i de r eci p i ents w i th i nfo r mati o n toassi st them i nmeeti ngthei ro bl i g ati o ns,and to p r o v i demember s o f the p u bl i c w i th i nfo r mati o nabo u t thei r r i g hi s,u nderthe ci v i l r i g hts l aw sand i mp l ementi ngr eg u l ati o ns that w e enfo r ce.OCR's l eg al au tho r i tyi sbasedo n tho se l aw s and r eg u l ati o ns.Thi sl etter do es no t add r eq u i r ements toap p l i cabl e l aw ,bu t p r o v i des i nfo r mati o nandexamp l es toi nfo r mr eci p i entsabo u t ho wOCR ev al u ates w hetherco v er edenti ti es ar e co mp l y i ngw i th thei rl eg al o bl i g ati o ns.Ify o uar e i nter estedi nco mmenti ngo n thi s g u i dance,p l ease send an e- mai l w i thy o u rco mments toOCR@ed, g o v ,o rw r i te to u s at thefo l l o w i ngaddr ess;Offi ce fo rCi v i l Ri g hts,U. S.Dep ar tment o f Edu cati o n,400 Mar y l andAv enu e,SW,Washi ng to n,DC 20202.2Use o f the ter m "sexu alhar assment" thr o u g ho u t thi s do cu ment i ncl u des sexu alv i o l enceu nl ess o ther w i se Hated.Sexu alhar assment al so mayv i o l ate Ti tl e IV o f the Ci v i l Ri g htsAct o f 1964(42 U. S. C.~Z OOOc`,w hi chp r o hi bi tsp u bl i c scho o ldi str i cts and co l l eg es fr o m di scr i mi nati ngag ai nst stu dents o n the basi s o f sex,amo ngo therbases.The U. S.Dep ar tment o f J u sti ce enfo r ces Ti tl eIV .400 MARYL AND AV E. ,S. W. ,WASHINGTON,DC 20202- 1100w w w . ed. g o vThe Dep o r tment o f Edu cati o n'smi ssi o n i stop r o mo te stu dent achi ev ement and p r ep ar ati o n fo rg l o balco mp eti ti v enessbyfo ster i ngedu cati o nalexcel l ence and ensu r i ngeq u alaccess,Exhi bi t 1,Pag e 1Page 2 Dear Colleague l, et # er:Sexual Violences exual as s ault ,s exual b at t ery ,and s exual coercion.A ll s uch act sof s exual v iolence are formsofs exual haras s mentcov ered under T it le I X .T he s t at is t icson s exual v iolence are b ot h deeplyt roub ling and a call t o act ion for t he nat ion.Areportprepared for t he N at ional I ns t it ut e of J us t ice found t hatab out1 in S women are v ict imsof complet ed or at t empt ed s exual as s aultwhile in college. 3T he reportals o found t hatapproximat ely6. 1 percentof maleswere v ict imsof complet ed or at t empt ed s exual as s aultduring college. 4A ccording t o dat a collect ed under t he J eanne CleryDis clos ure of CampusSecurit yand CampusCrime St at is t icsA ct( CleryA ct s ,20 U . S. C. 109 2( f) ,in 2009 ,collegecampus esreport ed nearly3 , 3 00 forcib le s ex offens esasdefined b yt he CleryA ct . S T hisprob lemisnotlimit ed t o college.During t he 2007-2008 s chool y ear,t here were 800 report ed incident sof rape and at t empt ed rape and 3 , 800 report ed incident sof ot her s exual b at t eriesatpub lichigh s chools . 6 A ddit ionally ,t he lik elihood t hata woman wit h int ellect ual dis ab ilit ieswill b es exuallyas s ault ed ises t imat ed t o b e s ignificant lyhigher t han t he general populat ion. 'T heDepart mentisdeeplyconcerned ab outt hisprob lem and iscommit t ed t o ens uring t hatalls t udent sfee!s afe in t heir s chool,s o t hatt heyhav e t he opport unit yt o b enefitfullyfrom t hes chool` sprogramsand act iv it ies .T hislet t er b eginswit h a dis cus s ion of T it le I X ' srequirement srelat ed t o s t udent -on-s t udents exual haras s ment ,including s exual v iolence,and explainss chools 'res pons ib ilit yt o t ak eimmediat e and effect iv e s t epst o end s exual haras s mentand s exual v iolence.T hes erequirement sare dis cus s ed in det ail in OCR' sRev is ed Sexual Haras s mentGuidance is s ued in2001( 2001 Guidance} , $ T hislet t er s upplement st he 2001 Guidance b yprov iding addit ionalguidance and pract ical examplesregarding t ~ , e T it le I Xrequirement sast heyrelat e t o s exualv iolence.T hislet t er concludesb ydis cus s ing t he proact iv e effort ss choolscan t ak e t o prev ents exual haras s mentand v iolence,and b yprov iding examplesof remediest hats choolsand OCRmayus e t o end s uch conduct ,prev entit srecurrence,and addres sit seffect s .A lt hough s omeexamplescont ained in t hislet t er are applicab le onlyin t he pos t s econdarycont ext ,s exual3CHRI ST OPHER P.KREBS ETA L . ,T HE CA MPU S SEX U A LA SSA U L TST U DY:FI N A LREPORT% 111 ~ N 8Y1 Criminal J us t ice Reference Serv . ,Oct .Z 007) ,av ailab le atht t p://www. ncjrs . gov/pdffiles l/nij/grant s/22115 3 . pdf.T hiss t udyals o found t hatt hemajorit yof campuss exual as s ault soccur when women are incapacit at ed,primarilyb yalcohol.ld.atxv iii.5U . S.Depart mentof Educat ion,Office of Pos t s econdaryEducat ion,SummaryCrime St at is t ics( dat a compiled fromreport ss ub mit t ed in compliance wit h t he CleryA ct j,av ailab le atht t p://www2. ed. gov/admins/lead/s afet y/crimina12007-09 . pdf.U nder t he CleryA ct ,forcib le s ex offens esaredefined asanys exual actdirect ed agains tanot her pers on,forcib lyand/or agains tt hatpers on' swill,or notforcib lyor agains tt he pers on' swill where t he v ict im isincapab le of giv ing cons ent .Forcib le s ex offens esinclude forcib lerape,forcib le s odomy ,s exual as s aultwit h an ob ject ,and forcib le fondling.3 4C. F. R.Part668,Sub pt .D,A pp.A .d SI MON E ROBERS ETA l. ,I N DI CA T ORS OF SCHOOLCRI ME A N D SA FET Y; 2010 at104U . S.D2P' tof Educ.& U . S.DeptOf 1lI 5 t I Ce,N ov .2010) ,av ailob /e atht t p: //races. ed. gov/pub s 2011/2011002. pdf,~ERI KAHA RREL IHi MI CHA ELR.RA N D,CRI ME A GA I N STPEOPL E WI T H DI SA BI L I T I ES,2008( Bureau of J us t ice St at is t ics ,U . S.Deptof J us t ice,Dec.2010 , av ailab le of ht t p://b js . ojp, us doj. gov/cont ent /pub/pdf/capdOB, pdf.a T he 2001 Guidance isav ailab le on t he Depart ment ' sWebs it e atht t p://www2. ed. gav /ab out /offices/lis t/ocr/dot s/s hguide. pdf.T hislet t er focus eson peer s exual haras s mentandv iolence.Schools 'ob ligat ionsand t he appropriat e res pons e t o s exual haras s mentand v iolence commit t ed b yemploy eesmayb e differentfrom t hos e des crib ed in t hislet t er.Recipient ss hould refer t o t he 2001 Guidance forfurt her informat ion ab outemploy ee haras s mentof s t udent s .Exhib it1,Page 2Page 3 Dear C o l l eagu e l et t er:S ex u alV i o l en c eharassmen tan d vi o l en c e al soare c o n c ern s fo r sc ho o ldi st ri c t s.The Ti t i e I Xo b l i gat i o n s di sc u ssedi nt hi s l et t er ap p l yeq u al l yt osc ho o ldi st ri c t s u n l ess o t herw i se n o t ed,Ti t l e I XReq u i remen t s Rel at ed t oS ex u alHarassmen tan d S ex u alV i o l en c eS c ho o l s' Ob l i gat i o n s t oResp o n d t oS ex u alHarassmen tan d S ex u alV i o l en c eS ex u alharassmen ti s u n w el c o me c o n du c to f a sex u aln at u re.I ti n c l u des u n w el c o me sex u aladvan c es, req u est s fo r sex u alfavo rs, an d o t her verb al , n o n verb al , o r p hy si c alc o n du c to f asex u aln at u re.S ex u alvi o l en c e i s a farm o f sex u alharassmen tp ro hi b i t ed b yTi t l e I X . 9As ex p l ai n ed i nOC R's 2001 Gu i dan c e, w hena st u den tsex u al l yharasses an o t her st u den t , t heharassi n g c o n du c tc reat es a ho st i l e en vi ro n men ti f t he c o n du c ti s su ffi c i en t l yseri o u s t hati ti n t erferes w i t h o r l i mi t s a st u den t 's ab i l i t yt op art i c i p at e i no r b en efi tfro m t he sc ho o l 'sp ro gram.The mo re severe t he c o n du c t , t he l ess n eed t here i s t osho wa rep et i t i ve seri es o fi n c i den t s t op ro ve a ho st i l e en vi ro n men t , p art i c u l arl yi f t he harassmen ti s p hy si c al .I n deed, asi n gl e o r i so l at ed i n c i den to f sex u alharassmen tmayc reat e a ho st i l e en vi ro n men ti f t hei n c i den ti s su ffi c i en t l ysevere.Fo r i n st an c e, a si n gl e i n st an c e o f rap e i s su ffi c i en t l ysevere t oc reat e a ho st i l e en vi ro n men t . ~0Ti t l e I Xp ro#ec t s st u den t s fro m sex u alharassmen ti na sc ho o l 's edu c at i o np ro grams an dac t i vi t i es.Thi s mean s t hatTi t l e I Xp ro t ec t s st u den t s i nc o n n ec t i o nw i t h al lt he edu c at i o n al , ex t rac u rri c u l ar, at hl et i c , an d o t her p ro grams o f t he sc ho o l , w het her t ho sep ro grams t ake p l ac e i na sc ho o l 's fac i l i t i es, o na sc ho o lb u s, ata c l ass o r t rai n i n g p ro gram9Ti t l e I Xal sop ro hi b i t s gen der-b ased harassmen t , w hi c h mayi n c l u de ac t s o f verb al , n o n verb al , o r p hy si c alaggressi o n , i n t i mi dat i o n , o r ho st i l i t yb ased o nsexo r sex-st ereo t y p i n g, eveni f t ho se ac t s don o ti n vo l ve c o n du c to fasex u aln at u re.The Ti t l e I Xo b l i gat i o n s di sc u ssed i nt hi s l et t er al soap p l y#a gen der-b ased harassmen t .Gen der-b ased harassmen ti s di sc u ssed i nmo re det ai li nt he 2001 Gu i dan c e, an d i nt he 2010 Dear C o l l eagu e l et t er o nHarassmen tan d B u l l y i n g, w hi c h i s avai l ab l e atht t p ://w w w 2. ed. go v/ab o u t /o ffi c es/l i st/o c r/l et t ers/c o l l eagu e-201010,p df.10 S ee, e. g. , J en n i n gs v.U n i v.o f N . C . , 444 f. 3d 255, 268, 27G n . 12 (4t h C i r, 2006)(ac kn o w l edgi n g t hatw hi l e n o tani ssu e i nt hi s c ase, a si n gl e i n c i den to f sex u alassau l to r rap e c o u l d b e su ffi c i en tt orai se a j u ryq u est i o nab o u tw het her a ho st i l e en vi ro n men tex+ st s, an d n o t i n g t hatc o u rt s l o o k t oTi t l e V I Ic ases fo r gu i dan c e i nan al y z i n g Ti t l e I Xsex u alharassmen tc l ai ms);V an c e v.S p en c erC n t y .Pu b .S c h.Di st . , 231 F. 3d 253, 259n . 4 (6t h C i r.2000)(" ` (w ] i t hi nt he c o n t ex to f Ti t l e I X , a st u den t 's c l ai m o f ho st i l e en vi ro n men tc anari se fro m a si n gl e i n c i den t" ' { q u o t i n g Ro e v.S c h.Admi n .Di st .N o .19 ,66 F.S u p p .7d 57, 62(d.Me.19 9 9 )));S o p er v.Ho b en , 19 5 F. 3d 845, 855 (6t h C i r.19 9 9 )(ex p l ai n i n g t hatrap e an d sex u alab u se " o b vi o u sl yq u al i fy ) as. . ,severe, p ervasi ve, an d o b j ec t i vel yo ffen si ve sex u alharassmen t" ); see al soB erryv.C hi .Tran si tAu t h. , 618 F. 3d 688, 69 2(7t h C i r.2010)(i nt he Ti t l e V I Ic o n t ex t , " asi n gl e ac tc anc reat e a ho st i l e en vi ro n men ti f i ti s severe en o u gh, an d i n st an c es o f u n i n vi t ed p hy si c alc o n t ac tw i t hi n t i mat e p art s o f t he b o dyare amo n g t he mo stsevere t y p es o f sex u alharassmen t ');Tu rn er v.S al o o n , C t d. , 59 5F. 3d 679 , 686 (7t h C i r.2010)(n o t i n g t hat" ` [ o )n e i n st an c e o f c o n du c tt hati s su ffi c i en t l ysevere mayb e en o u gh," 'w hi c h i s " esp ec i al l yt ru e w hent he t o u c hi n g i s o f ani n t i mat e b o dyp art " (q u o t i n g J ac kso nv.C n t y .o f Rac i n e, 474F. 3d 49 3, 49 9 (7t h C i r.2007 Mc Ki n n i s v.C resc en tGu ardi an , I n c . , 189F.Ap p 'x307, 310 (5t h C i r, 2006 (ho l di n gt hat" 't he del i b erat e an d u n w an t ed t o u c hi n g o f [ a p l ai n t i ff's]i n t i mat e b o dyp art s c anc o n st i t u t e severe sex u alharassmen t" ' i nTi t l e V I !c ases (q u o t i n g N arvi l lv.West w ard C o mmc 'n s, L . L . C . , 433 F. 3d 428, 436 (5t h C i r.2005))).E x hi b i t1, Page 3Page 4 Dear C o l l eagu e L et t er:S ex u alV i o l en c espo n so red by t he sc ho o latan o t her l o c at i o n ,o r el sewhere. Fo r ex ampl e,T i t l e I Xpro t ec t s ast u den twhoi s sex u al l y assau l t ed by a f el l o w st u den tdu ri n g asc ho o l -spo n so red f i el d t ri p.~ lI fa sc ho o lkn o ws o r reaso n abl y sho u l d kn o w abo u ts#u den t-o n -st u den tharassmen tt hatc reat es a ho st i l e en vi ro n men t ,T i t l e I Xreq u i res t he sc ho o lt ot ake i mmedi at e ac t i o nt oel i mi n at et he harassmen t ,preven ti t s rec u rren c e,an d address i t s ef f ec t s.1 2S c ho o l s al soare req u i red t opu bl i sh a n o t i c e o fn o n di sc ri mi n at i o nan d t oado ptan d pu bl i sh gri evan c e pro c edu res. Bec au seo ft hese req u i remen t s,whi c h are di sc u ssed i ngreat er det ai li nt he f o l l o wi n g sec t i o n ,sc ho o l sn eed t oen su re t hatt hei r empl o yees are t rai n ed sot hatt hey kn o w t orepo rtharassmen tt oappro pri at e sc ho o lo f f i c i al s,an d sot hatempl o yees wi t h t he au t ho ri t y t oaddress harassmen tkn o w ho w t orespo n d pro perl y. T rai n i n g f o r empl o yees sho u l d i n c l u de prac t i c ali n f o rmat i o nabo u tho w t oi den t i f y an d repo rtsex u alharassmen tan d vi o l en c e. OC R rec o mmen ds t hatt hi st rai n i n g be pro vi ded t oan y empl o yees l i kel y t owi t n ess o r rec ei ve repo rt s o fsex u alharassmen tan d vi o l en c e,i n c l u di n g t eac hers,sc ho o ll aw en f o rc emen tu n i templ o yees,sc ho o ladmi n i st rat o rs,sc ho o lc o u n sel o rs,gen eralc o u n sel s,heal t h perso n n el ,an d resi den tadvi so rs.S c ho o l s may have ano bl i gat i o nt orespo n d t ost u den t-o n -st u den tsex u alharassmen tt hati n i t i al l y o c c u rred o f fsc ho o lgro u n ds,o u t si de a sc ho o l ' s edu c at i o npro gram o r ac t i vi t y. I fast u den tf i l es a c o mpl ai n twi t h t he sc ho o l ,regardl ess o fwhere t he c o n du c to c c u rred,t he sc ho o lmu stpro c ess t he c o mpl ai n ti nac c o rdan c e wi t h i t s est abl i shed pro c edu res. Bec au se st u den t so f t enex peri en c e t he c o n t i n u i n g ef f ec t s o fo f f-c ampu s sex u alharassmen ti nt he edu c at i o n alset t i n g,sc ho o l s sho u l d c o n si der t he ef f ec t s o ft he o f f-c ampu s c o n du c twheneval u at i n gwhet her t here i s a ho st i l e en vi ro n men to nc ampu s. Fo r ex ampl e,i fa st u den tal l eges t hathe o rshe was sex u al l y assau l t ed by an o t her st u den to f fsc ho o lgro u n ds,an d t hatu po nret u rn i n g t osc ho o lhe o r she was t au n t ed an d harassed by o t her st u den t s whoare t he al l eged perpet rat o r' sf ri en ds,t he sc ho o lsho u l d t ake t he earl i er sex u alassau l ti n t oac c o u n ti ndet ermi n i n g whet hert here i s a sex u al l y ho st i l e en vi ro n men t . T he sc ho o lal sosho u l d t ake st eps t opro t ec ta st u den twhowas assau l t ed o f fc ampu s f ro m f u rt her sex u alharassmen to r ret al i at i o nf ro m t heperpet rat o r an d hi s o r her asso c i at es.Regardl ess o fwhet her a harassed st u den t ,hi s o r her paren t ,o r a t hi rd part y f i l es a c o mpl ai n tu n der t he sc ho o l ' s gri evan c e pro c edu res o r o t herwi se req u est s ac t i o no nt he st u den t ' s behal f ,asc ho o lt hatkn o ws,o r reaso n abl y sho u l d kn o w,abo u tpo ssi bl e harassmen tmu stpro mpt l yi n vest i gat e t odet ermi n e whato c c u rred an d t hent ake appro pri at e st eps t oreso l ve t hesi t u at i o n . As di sc u ssed l at er i nt hi s l et t er,t he sc ho o l ' s T i t l e i Xi n vest i gat i o ni s di f f eren tf ro m an yl aw en f o rc emen ti n vest i gat i o n ,an d a l aw en f o rc emen ti n vest i gat i o ndo es n o trel i eve t he sc ho o lo fi t s i n depen den tT i t l e I Xo bl i gat i o nt oi n vest i gat e t he c o n du c t . T he spec i f i cst eps i na sc ho o l ' s1 1T i t l e I Xal sopro t ec t s t hi rd part i es f ro m sex u alharassmen to r vi o l en c e i na sc ho o l ' s edu c at i o npro grams an dac t i vi t i es. Fo r ex ampl e,T i t l e I Xpro t ec t s a hi gh sc ho o lst u den tpart i c i pat i n g i na t o l l ege' s rec ru i t men tpro gram,avi si t i n g st u den tat hl et e,an d a vi si t o r i nasc ho o l ' s o n -c ampu s resi den c e hai l ,T i t l e I Xal sopro t ec t s empl o yees o farec i pi en tf ro m sex u alharassmen t . Fo r f u rt her i n f o rmat i o nabo u tharassmen to fempl o yees,see 2 001Gu i dan c e atn .1 .7 2T hi s i s t he st an dard f o r admi n i st rat i ve en f o rc emen to fT i t l e I Xan d i nc o u rtc ases where pl ai n t i f f s are seeki n gi n j u n c t i ve rel i ef . S ee 2 001Gu i dan c e ati i-v,1 2-1 3 . T he st an dard i npri vat e l awsu i t s f o r mo n et ary damages i s ac t u alkn o wl edge an d del i berat e i n di f f eren c e. S ee Do vi s v. Mo n ro e C n t y. 8d. o fE d.,52 6 U .S . 62 9,643 , 648 (1 999).E x hi bi t1 ,Page 4Page 5 Dear C o l l eagu e L et t er:S ex u alV i o l en c ei n v es t i gat i o nw i l lv arydepen di n g u po nt he n at u re o f t he al l egat i o n s ,t he age o f t he s t u den to rs t u den t si n v o l v ed ( part i c u l arl yi nel emen t aryan d s ec o n darys c ho o l s ) ,t he s i z e an dadmi n i s t rat i v e s t ru c t u re o f t he s c ho o l ,an d o t her fac t o rs .Yetasdi s c u s s ed i nmo re det ai lbel o w ,t he s c ho o l ' si n q u i rymu s ti nal lc as esbe pro mpt ,t ho ro u gh,an d i mpart i al .I nc as esi n v o l v i n gpo t en t i alc ri mi n alc o n du c t ,s c ho o lpers o n n elmu s tdet ermi n e,c o n s i s t en tw i t h S t at e an d l o c all aw ,w het her appro pri at e l awen fo rc emen to r o t her au t ho ri t i ess ho u l d be n o t i fi ed. 1 3S c ho o l sal s os ho u l d i n fprm an d o bt ai nc o n s en tfro m t he c o mpl ai n an t( o r t he c o mpl ai n an t ' sparen t si f t he c o mpl ai n an ti su n der 1 8 an d do esn o tat t en d a po s t s ec o n daryi n s t i t u t i o n )befo rebegi n n i n g ani n v es t i gat i o n .I f t he c o mpl ai n an treq u es t sc o n fi den t i al i t yo ras kst hatt hec o mpl ai n tn o tbe pu rs u ed,t he s c ho o ls ho u l d t ake al lreas o n abl e s t epst oi n v es t i gat e an dres po n d t ot he c o mpl ai n tc o n s i s t en tw i t h t he req u es tfo r c o n fi den t i al i t yo r req u es tn o tt opu rs u e ani n v es t i gat i o n .I f a c o mpl ai n an ti n s i s t st hathi so r her n ame o r o t her i den t i fi abl ei n fo rmat i o nn o tbe di s c l o s ed t ot he al l eged perpet rat o r,t he s c ho o ls ho u l d i n fo rm t hec o mpl ai n an tt hati t sabi l i t yt ores po n d maybe l i mi t ed. 1 4The s c ho o lal s os ho u l d t el lt hec o mpl ai n an tt hatTi t l e I Xpro hi bi t sret al i at i o n ,an d t hats c ho o lo ffi c i al sw i l ln o to n l yt ake s t epst oprev en tret al i at i o nbu tal s ot ake s t ro n g res po n s i v e ac t i o ni f i to c c u rs .Asdi s c u s s ed i nt he 2001Gu i dan c e,i f t he c o mpl ai n an tc o n t i n u est oas k t hathi so r her n ame o ro t her i den t i fi ab{ e i n fo rmat i o nn o tbe rev eal ed,t he s c ho o ls ho u l d ev al u at e t hatreq u es ti nt hec o n t ex to f i t sres po n s i bi l i t yt opro v i de a s afe an d n o n di s c ri mi n at o ryen v i ro n men tfo r al ls t u den t s .Thu s ,t he s c ho o lmayw ei gh t he req u es tfo r c o n fi den t i al i t yagai n s tt he fo l l o w i n gfac t o rs :t he s eri o u s n es so f t he al l eged haras s men t ; t he c o mpl ai n an t ' sage; w het her t here hav ebeeno t her haras s men tc o mpl ai n t sabo u tt he s ame i n di v i du al ,an d t he al l eged haras s er' sri ght st orec ei v e i n fo rmat i o nabo u tt he al l egat i o n si f t he i n fo rmat i o ni smai n t ai n ed byt he s c ho o lasan"edu c at i o nrec o rd" u n der t he F ami l yE du c at i o n alR i ght san d Pri v ac yAc t( F E R PA) ,20 U . S . C . S 23 2g; 3 4G. F . R .Part9 9 . 1 5 The s c ho o ls ho u l d i n fo rm t he c o mpl a+ W an ti f i tc an n o ten s u rec o n fi den t i al i t y .E v eni f t he s c ho o lc an n o tt ake di s c i pl i n aryac t i o nagai n s tt he al l eged haras s erbec au s e t he c o mpl ai n an ti n s i s t so nc o n fi den t i al i t y ,i ts ho u l d pu rs u e o t her s t epst ol i mi tt heeffec t so f t he al l eged haras s men tan d prev en ti t srec u rren c e,E x ampl eso f s u c h s t epsaredi s c u s s ed l at er i nt hi sl et t er.C o mpl i an c e w i t h Ti t l e I X ,s u c h aspu bl i s hi n g a n o t i c e o f n o n di s c ri mi n at i o n ,des i gn at i n g anempl o y ee t oc o o rdi n at e Ti t l e I Xc o mpl i an c e,an d ado pt i n g an d pu bl i s hi n g gri ev an c e pro c edu res ,c ans erv e asprev en t i v e meas u resagai n s tharas s men t .C o mbi n ed w i t h edu c at i o nan d t rai n i n gpro grams ,t hes e meas u resc anhel p en s u re t hatal ls t u den t san d empl o y eesrec o gn i z e t he1 3I ns t at esw i t h man dat o ryrepo rt i n g l aw s ,s c ho o l smay be req u i red t orepo rtc ert ai ni n c i den t st ol o c all awen fo rc emen to r c hi l d pro t ec t i o nagen c i es .1 S c ho o l ss ho u l d refer t ot he 2001Gu i dan c e fo r addi t i o n ali n fo rmat i o no nc o n fi den t i al i t yan d t he al l egedperpet rat o r' sdu e pro c es sri ght s .' sF o r ex ampl e,t he al l eged haras s er mayhav e a ri ghtu n der F E R PA t oi n s pec tan d rev i ewpo rt i o n so f t he c o mpl ai n tt hatdi rec t l yrel at e t ohi m o r her.I nt hatc as e,t he s c ho o lmu s tredac tt he c o mpl ai n an t ' sn ame an d o t heri den t i fy i n g i n fo rmat i o nbefo re al l o w i n g t he al l eged haras s er t oi n s pec tan d rev i ewt he s ec t i o n so f t he c o mpl ai n tt hatrel at e t ohi m o r her.I ns o me c as es ,s u c h ast ho s e w here t he s c ho o li sreq u i red t orepo rtt he i n c i den tt ol o c all awen fo rc emen to r o t her o ffi c i al s ,t he s c ho o lmayn o tbe abl e t omai n t ai nt he t o mpl ai n an t ' sc o n fi den t i al i t y .E x hi bi t1 ,Page 5Page 6 ~-Dear C o l l eagu e L et t er:S ex u alV i o l en c en at u re o f sex u alharassmen tan d vi o l en c e, an d u n derst an d t hatt he sc ho o lw i l ln o tt o l erat e su c hc o n du c t .I n deed, t hese measu res may b ri n g p o t en t i al l y p ro b l emat i cc o n du c tt ot he sc ho o l ' sat t en t i o nb efo re i tb ec o mes seri o u s en o u gh t oc reat e a ho st i l e en vi ro n men t , T rai n i n g fo radmi n i st rat o rs, t eac hers, st aff, an d st u den t s al soc anhel pen su re t hatt hey u n derst an d w hatt yp es o f c o n du c tc o n st i t u t e sex u alharassmen to r vi o l en c e, c ani den t i fy w arn i n g si gn al s t hatmay n eed at t en t i o n , an d kn o whawt oresp o n d.Mare det ai l ed i n fo rmat i o nan d ex amp l es o fedu c at i o nan d o t her p reven t i ve measu res are p ro vi ded l at er i nt hi s l et t er.Pro c edu ralRequ i remen t s Pert ai n i n g #oS ex u atHarassmen tan d S ex u alV i o l en c eRec i p i en t s o f Federalfi n an c i alassi st an c e mu stc o mp l y w i t h t he p ro c edu ralrequ i remen t so u t l i n ed i nt he T i t l e I Xi mp l emen t i n g regu l at i o n s.S p ec i fi c al l y, a rec i p i en tmu st :(A) Di ssemi n at e a n o t i c e o f n o n di sc ri mi n at i o n ; l b(B) Desi gn at e atl easto n e emp l o yee t oc o o rdi n at e i t s effo rt s t oc o mp l y w i t h an d c arry o u ti t s resp o n si b i l i t i es u n der T i t l e I X ; 1 7an d(C ) Ado p tan d p u b l i sh gri evan c e p ro c edu res p ro vi di n g fo r p ro mp tan d equ i t ab l e reso l u t i o no f st u den tan d emp l o yee sexdi sc ri mi n at i o nc o mp l ai n t s. 1 8T hese requ i remen t s ap p l y t oal lfo rms o f sex u alharassmen t , i n c l u di n g sex u alvi o l en c e, an d arei mp o rt an tfo r p reven t i n g an d effec t i vel y resp o n di n g t osexdi sc ri mi n at i o n .T hey are di sc u ssed i ngreat er det ai lb el o w .OC R advi ses rec i p i en t s t oex ami n e t hei r c u rren tp o E i c i es an d p ro c edu reso nsex u alharassmen tan d sex u alvi o l en c e t odet ermi n e w het her t ho se p o l i c i es c o mp l y w i t h t herequ i remen t s art i c u l at ed i nt hi s l et t er an d t he 2001Gu i dan c e.Rec i p i en t s sho u l d t heni mp l emen tc han ges as n eeded.(A) No t i c e o f No n di sc ri mi n at i o nT he T i t l e I Xregu l at i o n s requ i re t hateac h rec i p i en tp u b l i sh a n o t i c e o f n o n di sc ri mi n at i o nst at i n gt hatt he rec i p i en tdo es n o tdi sc ri mi n at e o nt he b asi s o f sexi ni t s edu c at i o np ro grams an dac t i vi t i es, an d t hatT i t l e I Xrequ i res i tn o tt odi sc ri mi n at e i nsu c h a man n er. 1 9 T he n o t i c e mu stst at e t hati n qu i ri es c o n c ern i n g t he ap p l i c at i o no f T i t l e I Xmayb e referred t ot he rec i p i en t ' s T i t l eI Xc o o rdi n at o r o r t oOC R.I tsho u l d i n c l u de t he n ame o r t i t l e, Q ffi c e address, t el ep ho n e n u mb er,an d e-mai laddress fo r t he rec i p i en t ' s desi gn at ed T i t l e I Xc o o rdi n at o r.T he n o t i c e mu stb e w i del y di st ri b u t ed t oal lst u den t s, p aren t s o f el emen t ary an d sec o n daryst u den t s, emp l o yees, ap p l i c an t s fo r admi ssi o nan d emp l o ymen t , an d o t her rel evan tp erso n s.OC R rec o mmen ds t hatt he n o t i c e b e p ro mi n en t l y p o st ed o nsc ho o lWebsi t es an d atvari o u s1 6 34 C . F. R. 1 06. 9.1 8fd. 1 06. 8 (b ).1 91 d. 1 06. 9(a).E x hi b i t1 , Page 6Page 7 - -Dear Colleague L et t er:Sexual Violencelocat ionst hroughoutt he s chool or campusand pub lis hed in elect ronic and print ed pub licat ionsofgeneral dis t rib ut ion t hatprov ide inf ormat ion t o s t udent sand employeesab outt he s chool' ss erv icesand policies .The not ice s hould b e av ailab le and eas ily acces s ib le on an ongoing b as is .Tit le I Xdoesnotreq uire a recipientt o adopta policy s pecif ically prohib it ing s exual haras s mentor s exual v iof ~ nce.Asnot ed ire t he 2401 Guidance, howev er, a recipient ' sgeneral policyprohib it ing s ex dis criminat ion will notb e cons idered ef f ect iv e and would v iolat e Tit le I Kif ,b ecaus e oft he lackofa s pecif ic policy, s t udent sare unaware ofwhatk ind ofconductcons t it ut ess exual haras s ment , including s exual v iolence, or t hats uch conductisprohib it ed s exdis criminat ion.OCR t heref ore recommendst hata recipient ' snondis criminat ion policy s t at et hatprohib it ed s ex dis criminat ion cov erss exual haras s ment , including s exual v iolence, and t hatt he policy include examplesoft he t ypesofconductt hatitcov ers .(B) Tit le I XCoordinat orThe Tit le I Xregulat ionsreq uire a recipientt o not if y all s t udent sand employeesoft he name ort it le and cont actinf ormat ion oft he pers on des ignat ed t o coordinat e t he recipient ' scompliancewit h Tit le I X ,20 The coordinat or' sres pons ib ilit iesinclude ov ers eeing all Tit le I Xcomplaint sandident if ying and addres s ing any pat t ernsor s ys t emic prob lemst hataris e during t he rev iew ofs uch complaint s .The Tit le I Xcoordinat or or des ignee s hould b e av ailab le t