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Slide 2 FAI/F3A Radio Control Aerobatics JUDGES TRAINING SESSION England, 14 th March 2004 FAI/F3A Radio Control Aerobatics JUDGES TRAINING SESSION England, 14 th March 2004 Produced by Bob Skinner, March 2004 Slide 3 OBJECTIVES: To INFORM & EDUCATE judges and pilots (about P-05 and F-05) For judges and pilots to have the SAME INTERPRETATION To UPLIFT THE STANDARD of judging and flying THIS WILL LEAD TO Mutual RESPECT between judges and pilots Better PLACING of U.K. competitors and teams Slide 4 PRINCIPLES of Judging F3A Manoeuvres PRINCIPLES of Judging F3A Manoeuvres Slide 5 PRECISION Slide 6 SMOOTHNESS & GRACEFULLNESS Slide 7 POSITIONING Slide 8 SIZE (Relative to manoeuvring area, and relative to other manoeuvres) Slide 9 SIZE SMOOTHNESS & GRACEFULNESS POSITIONING PRECISION APPROXIMATE WEIGHTING (guide only!) Slide 10 100% PRECISION + SMOOTHNESS & GRACEFULNESS + CORRECT POSITIONING + CORRECT SIZE = 10 POINTS! Slide 11 JUDGING STANDARDS... Slide 12 CONSISTENCY & ACCURACY Minor defect on manoeuvre 3 = score 9 Minor defect on manoeuvre 7 = score 9 Major defect on manoeuvre 9 = score 4 Major defect on manoeuvre 11 = score 4 Minor defect on manoeuvre 12 = score 6 Major defect on manoeuvre 15 = score 9 Slide 13 Santa Claus... Or Scrooge! Slide 14 Judge 1Judge 2Judge 3Judge 4Judge 5 MAINTAIN YOUR STANDARD! PILOT 1480- 1,2495+8,8477-4,2484+2,8470- 11,2 PILOT 2364- 14,8385+6,2416+37,2374- 4,8355- 23,8 PILOT 3491- 2,6513+19,4486- 7,6496+2,4482- 11,6 PILOT 4505+9,4502+6,4461-34,6511+15,4491- 4,6 PILOT 5460- 3,0477+14,0432-31,0464+1,0482+19 Usually lowerUsually higherInconsistentUsually averageUsually low but + bias Slide 15 CRITERIA FOR JUDGING INDIVIDUAL MANOEUVRES (Method) Slide 16 1. What was the defect, or mistake? Over, or under-rolling Poor shape or geometry Rolls not on middle of lines Absence of lines Entry, exit poor Etc. Slide 17 2. How serious was the defect, or mistake? Was it big? Or was it small? Slide 18 3. How often did you see the defect, or mistake? Slide 19 4. What was the positioning of the manoeuvre? Slide 20 5. What was the size of the manoeuvre? Slide 21 Now translate these DEFECTS or MISTAKES into DEDUCTS or DOWNGRADES START WITH PERFECT 10... Then 987654etc. Slide 22 DEDUCT/ DOWNGRADE SYSTEM IMPRESSION ONLY BALANCE YOUR SCORING Slide 23 WIND CORRECTION Flight path of model aircraft must describe correct geometric shape Slide 24 ATTITUDE vs. FLIGHT PATH Slide 25 1 POINT PER 15 0 DEVIATION Up to 15 0 error = 1 point downgrade Up to 30 0 error = 2 point downgrade Up to 45 0 error= 3 point downgrade Perfect geometry = No downgrade Wings level - roll axis Horizontal lines - pitch axis Slide 26 1 POINT PER 15 0 DEVIATION Up to 15 0 error = 1 point downgrade Up to 30 0 error = 2 point downgrade Up to 45 0 error= 3 point downgrade Perfect geometry = No downgrade Vertical lines - pitch axis Vertical lines - yaw axis Slide 27 GENERAL CRITERIA FOR INDIVIDUAL MANOEUVRES Criteriaare standards by which something can be judged Slide 28 ARESTI SYSTEM Start of manoeuvre End of manoeuvre Upright, positive G Inverted, negative G Rolling circle (3 outside) Inverted rolling circle (1 inside) Positive G spin (upright) Negative G spin (inverted) 2 1 / 2 Negative spin (inverted) 2 Positive G spins (reverse direction) Stall turn Avalanche (negative snap) Humpty bump (centre) Humpty bump (turnaround) Cross-box manoeuvre (horizontal flight always inverted) Slide 29 ARESTI SYSTE M 90 0 angle/corner (1/4 loop) 45 0 ( 1 / 8 loop) 135 0 ( 3 / 8 loop) 180 0 ( 1 / 2 loop) 1/8 loop and 5/8 loop Slow roll (aileron) Half roll 1 1 / 2 rolls, reversed 2-point roll 4-point roll 8-point roll 2 of 4-point roll Knife-edge flight 3 of 2-point roll Positive G snap roll 2 snaps opposite 1 1 / 2 positive G snaps Negative G snap roll Loop with 2-point roll (contained to top of loop) Rolling loop (roll is integrated with loop) Slide 30 Horizontal 90 0 45 0 60 0 Minor mis-relation between line lengths = minus 1 point! No line after roll minus 3 points! Line after and before roll not equal minus 2 points! No line between manoeuvres minus 1 point here and minus 1 point here! LINES (This example maybe minus 2 or 3!) Slide 31 This = minus 2 points! Each segmen- tation... minus 1 point! All part-loop radii equal. Minor mis-relation minus 1 point! Radii too tight... Good compromise! too open/loose... LOOPS Slide 32 Roll not on middle of line... This example, minus 3 points! Difference in roll rate minus 1 point! Different time duration on points minus 1 point for each! Different roll rate minus 1 point! Roll rate not constant (increasing here) this example minus 3 or 4 points! ROLLS Slide 33 STALL TURNS Up to span radius of pivot minus 1 point! Up to one wing span radius... minus 2 points! No line before roll minus 3 points! Roll on middle of line... no downgrade! Up to 15 0 off vertical minus 1 point! Wing-over = 2 wing spans or more. Flop forwards, or backwards ZERO! Pivot on CG no downgrade! Roll not on middle of line... minus 1 point! Pendulu m after stall... minus 1! Roll not on middle... minus 1 point! Up to 1 wing span radius... minus 6/7 points! Wing-over ZERO! Torque-off 1pt/15 deg. downgrade Slide 34 SNAP ROLLS A snap roll is basically a spin in the horizontal axis. The model aircraft rolls rapidly, with a continuous high angle of attack (positive and negative). The tail should describe a corkscrew path Barrel rollscores ZERO! BREAK here (separation of fuselage attitude from flight path) FLIGHT PATH (centre of gravity) must be level Slide 35 SNAP ROLLS POSITIVE SNAP ROLL + DOWN elevator NEGATIVE SNAP ROLL _ UP elevator Slide 36 SNAP ROLLS If it is not a BARREL ROLL... A SNAP ROLL! and its not an an AXIAL ROLL... then its probably... Slide 37 SPINS Stall nose and wing drops rotation starts Nose-up attitude Nose-up attitude increases Level entry 15 0 to 30 0 minus 2! 90 0 overspin...minus 6! Up to 15 0 minus 1! 30 0 to 45 0 minus 3! Vertical downline after spin STOP, with no over- or under-spin Model aircraft spins around CG Slide 38 SPINS Wing lift (snap entry)ZERO! Forced with down-elevator minus 2 or 3! Climbing minus 1! Spiral divescores ZERO! Slide 39 SPIN: DRIFT, OR WEATHERCOCK? A weathercock is fixed to the earth, but free to swivel into the prevailing wind. Direction of flight Up to 15 0 off minus 1 point! Up to 30 0 off minus 2 points! Minus 3 points! - 4 - 5 - 6! A model aircraft is not fixed to anything! No penalty for drifting with wind. Slide 40 LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Tight radius minus 3 points for this example! 1/8 loop 5/8 loop 1/2 roll on middle of line Radii equal HALF CUBAN 8 Radii all equal 1/2 roll not on middle of line minus 1 point! 1/4 loop 1/2 loop HUMPTY BUMP Slide 41 DOUBLE IMMELMANN IS NOT A SAUSAGE Radii are equal 1/2 loop DOUBLE IMMELMANN (note shapetwo loops are joining! 1/2 loop 1/2 roll directly after 1/2 loop Line before 1/2 roll... minus 2 points! SINGLE IMMELMANN Line before 1/2 roll... minus 2 points! 1/2 roll directly after 1/2 loop LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Slide 42 Radii all equal SQUARE LOOP ON CORNER All lines 45 0. All lines equal length Rolls in middle of lines 1/8 loop entry and exit 1 / 4 loop 1 / 4 loop 1 / 4 loop 1/2 roll on middle of line FIGURE 9 1/4 loop 3/4 loop Radii equal LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Slide 43 1/2 roll on middle of line 45 0 DOWN 1/8 loop Radii equal 1/8 loop Radii all equal GOLF BALL 1/8 loop 1/8 loop 3/4 loop LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Slide 44 LOOPS WITH 1/2 ROLLS Loops must be ROUND! 4 5 7 8 1/2 rolls integrated with loop Rapid rolls at bottom should score less LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Slide 45 VERTICAL 8 (Note shape: loops are barely touching) HUMPTY BUMP 1/4 loop 1/2 loop 1/4 loop Straight flight here downgraded! Loop not round Loop not round Radii not equal! LOOP/ROLL/LINE COMBINATIONS Slide 46 LONGITUDINAL POSITIONING Manoeuvres out of box here, are penalised more... than manoeuvres out of box here. Manoeuvres positioned here not penalised Slide 47 VERTICAL POSITIONING (Height) 260 m 60 0 150m to flag 60 0 90 0 30 0 0 Slide 48 CENTRE POSITIONIN G Off-centre positioning minus 3 or 4 points! (for this example) Slide 49 CENTRE POSITIONIN G Off-centre positioning minus 2 or 3 points! (for this example) Slide 50 TURNAROUND POSITIONING Slide 51 SCORE BETWEEN 0 - 10! (NOT 6-7-8 or 5-6-7!) Slide 52 BE CONSISTENT! BE ACCURATE! BE IMPARTIAL! Slide 53 DONT DISCUSS FLIGHTS WITH FELLOW JUDGES Slide 54 USE N/O (NOT OBSERVED) Be fair to competitors, and yourself! Slide 55 As a judge, what is your goal? Slide 56 What are your limitations? Slide 57 How do you stay in shape? Slide 58 How do you prepare? Slide 59 STRATEGY Greek word for Strategy = STRATOS (to surprise the enemy) Slide 60 ESSENCE of STRATEGY: Relationship between a pilot and his changing environment Adapt or die Creating a sustainable competitive advantage Matching capacity to opportunity Slide 61 Strategy = meaningless without reference to rivals Slide 62 PROCESS OF STRATEGY: Where are we now = situation analysis Where would we like to be = plan How are we going to get there = implementation Slide 63 OUT THINK OUT MANOEUVRE OUT PERFORM STRATEGY = TO Slide 64 OUT THINK Detect, anticipate, understand, instigate change Be obsessed with enquiry Rid yourself of obsolete beliefs, assumptions, perceptions, projections Slide 65 OUT MANOEUVRE Competency, capability, vision, skill best equipment, preparation Image and reputation Apply knowledge and experience Slide 66 OUT PERFORM Positive, consistent, sustainable results Force rivals to play catch-up Slide 67 THE STRATEGY GAME Rivals (other players in game) Arenas (where the game is played) Stakes (win or lose) Chips (resources) Scorekeeping Slide 68 Motivation 1 Good enough never is Slide 69 Motivation 2 Quitters never win. Winners never quit. Slide 70 Motivation 3 Out-think, Out-manoeuvre, Out-perform your competitors Slide 71 Motivation 4 Coming second, is like kissing your sister! Slide 72 Motivation 5 You are responsible Slide 73 Motivation 6 Your limitations are self-imposed Slide 74 Motivation 7 Integrity always matters.