FACULTY OF EDUCATION EDU5810 EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING DR. RAMLI BIN BASRI

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FACULTY OF EDUCATIONEDU5810 EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING

DR. RAMLI BIN BASRIROOM G28, TEL: office 03-8946 8248, H/P 019 224 1332 (sms prefered)

E-MEL: [email protected]

COURSE NAME : EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING

COURSE NUMBER : EDU5810

CREDIT : 3 (3+0) TOTAL STUDENT LEARNING HOURS : 120

PREREQUISITE : None

LEARNING OUTCOMES

:Students are able to:1. Analyze development in education policy and planning (C5, CTPS)2. Measure the existing education policy and planning (P4, EM)3. Develop education program strategically (A4).

SYNOPSIS :This course covers definitions and development of educational policy and planning, educational planning model and approaches, policy and implementation issues, and designing educational plans.

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COURSE CONTENTSHours of

Face to Face Learning

LECTURES : 1. Introduction to Educational Policy and Planning - Definition of change, reform and educational

innovation- The importance of educational policy and planning

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2. Development of Educational Policy and Planning - Development educational planning- Types of educational planning - Planning of the socialist, capitalist and developing

countries

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3. Approaches to Educational Planning - Demographic, social, economic and political

approaches- Workforce and human resource approaches- Cost effectiveness and benefits approaches

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LECTURES : 4. Educational Planning Models- Factors related to educational planning- Steps on educational planning

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5. Acts and Educational Policy - Characteristics of acts and educational policy - Questions, development, decision, analysis and

evaluation on policy - Factors related to policy formulation - Approach to policy and act formulation

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6. Strategic Planning in Education (Theory & Practice)- Vision, mission and strategy - SWOT analysis - Planning strategic education pelan

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LECTURES : 7. Strategic Implementation in Education- Diffusion process and plan dissemination- Characteristics of innovators- Assumptions on innovation- Strategy implementation and evaluation plan

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8. Implementation of Policy and Education Plan- Analysis of current issues of educational policies and

plans- Change in culture- Change in mindset

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Total 42

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1. Group Assignment 1 (max 4 to a group) : Jurnal Article Review 10%

2. Group Assignment 2: Evaluation of an Educational Plan 10%

3. Mid Term Exam 50%

4. Final Assessment : Educational Plan Proposal (due in week 13) 30%

EVALUATION

CLASS

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REFERENCES

1. Darling-Gammond, L., & Bransford, J. (2005). Preparing Teachers for a Changing World. : Jossey-Bass.

2. Fullan, M. (2008). The Six Secrets of Change. San Francisso: Jossey-Bass.

3. Herold, D., & Fedor, D. (2008). Change the Way You Lead Change. : Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.

4. Ibrahim Bajunid (2008). : From Traditional to Smart Schools : The Malaysian Educational Odyssey. Shah Alam: Fajar Sdn. Bhd.

5. Sullivan, W., & Rosin, M. (2008). A New Agenda for Higher Education: Shaping a Life of the Mind for Practice. : Jossey-Bass.

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REFERENCES

6 Kaufman, R., Herman,J.,&Watters,K.,(2002), Educational Planning: Strategic, Tactical, and Operational, Scarecrow Education Book.

7 Wendell, M., (2009), Planning for Education Change : Putting People and their Contexts First, Continuum International Publishing Group

8 Prime Minister Office, (2010), The Tenth Malaysia Plan, Putrajaya.9 Ministry of Education Malaysia, (2003), Education Development Plan

2001-2010, Putrajaya.

10 Prime Minister Office, (2010), Government Transformation Programme : The Roadmap, Putrajaya.

11 Bates, J., Lewis, S., & Pickard., A., (2011), Education Policy, Practice and the Professional, Continuum International Publishing Group

LECTURER : DR. RAMLI BIN BASRI JABATAN ASAS PENDIDIKAN FAKULTI PENGAJIAN PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

EMAIL : [email protected]

TEL : 03-8946 8248 HP : 019 – 224 1332 (sms prefered )

Notes prepared by:1. Dr. Ramli Bin Basri2. PM Dr. Mohd Majid Konting3. Prof Tan Sri Dato Sri Dr. Hj Mohd Nasir Bin Mohd Ashraf

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mailto:[email protected]

EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA

Content –Education Policy Overview1. Background and History of Malaysia2. Education Prior to Independence3. Formation of National Education System4. Education Statistics5. Education Development and Expenditure

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INTRODUCTIONMalaysia occupies the southernmost peninsula of

Southeast Asia and the northern one-third of Borneo

It became a nation on September 16, 1963 when Sabah and Sarawak joined Malaysia which had earlier gained independence from the British on August 31, 1957 to form a single federation

Malaysia has a democratically elected Government with a constitution monarch.

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• Malaysia – multi-ethnic population• Population : 28.3 million

Peninsular Malaysia – 22.6 million Sabah – 3.2 million

Sarawak – 2.5 million• Population Growth Rate : 2.0 %• Life Expectancy at Birth : Male – 71.67

Female – 76.46 • Age Structure 0 – 14 years – 9.0 million 15 – 59 years – 17.3 million

60 years and above – 2.0 million• Labor force : 12.142 million (42.9 % of population)

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YEAR 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Real Growth Rate (%)

GDP5.3 5.8 6.3 4.6 -1.7 7.2 5.1 5.6

Per Capita (USD)GNP

5,038 5,694 6,724 7,738 6,812 9,333 9,693 9,755

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HISTORY

• Early Malay Kingdom of Malacca fell to the Portuguese in 1511

• The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and conquered Malacca in 1641

• After that it was the British who colonized all of Malaysia (except for a brief period of Japanese occupation from 1941-1945).

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EDUCATION PRIOR TO INDEPENDENCE 1786-1957

• The British encouraged mass immigration of workers from China and India to work in the tin mines and rubber plantations respectively.

• Rapid urban development took place during the blooming colonial economy

• The Malays remained in rural areas, urban areas were dominated by the Chinese and a minority of Indians who eventually controlled commerce and industry

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Schools were established by1. British colonial government2. Moslem and Christians missionaries3. Ethnic communities (Chinese, Malays, Indians)

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Types of school1. English schools2. Vernacular schools

• Malays• Chinese• Tamil• Islamic

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Common features of schools1. Different curriculum2. Different examinations3. Different language of instruction4. Different education philosophy and orientation5. Decentralized (governance & finance)

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FEATURES OF SCHOOLS BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

COMPOSITION OF SCHOOLS MALAYA

English schools use English as the

medium of instruction, English

curriculum, textbooks and teachers are

imported from the country of origin.

Malay schools - use English and Malay

language as the medium of

instruction, English curriculum,

textbooks and teachers are

imported from the UK or

Malaya/Indonesia.

Chinese School s- Chinese language as a medium of

instruction, curriculum from

Chinese Mainland and Taiwan, books

and lectures are imported from the country of origin

Tamil and Punjabi School s - Tamil

and Punjabi language as the

medium of instruction,

curriculum from India, books and

lectures are imported from the country of origin

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FORMATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM

1. Barnes Report (1951a)

– Recommended that all existing schools should be transformed into National schools in which children of the various ethnic groups would be taught through the medium of instruction in Malay and English

– Not surprisingly, the Chinese saw the Barnes Committee proposal as an attempt to eliminate their languages and cultural identities and protested vehemently against it

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2. Fenn–Wu Report 1957b– Chinese schools to be retained and oriented to

Malayan education – Provided under Education Ordinance 1952

3. Razak Report 1956- National education system for national integration –

- Provided under Education Ordinance 1957

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4. Rahman Talib Report 1961– Policy English to Malay medium of instruction – Provided under Education Act 1962

5.Cabinet Report 1979 - Current National Education System - Provided under Education Act 19966.Private Higher Education Act 1996 –

Liberalization of higher education.24

COMMON FEATURES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM

1. National unity

2. National Language as main medium of instruction (Mandarin in Chinese primary, Tamil in Indian primary schools)

3. Common curriculum

4. Common examination

5. National education philosophy

6. Centralized ( governance and finance for govt. institutions) 25

NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM• Pre-school• Primary• Lower Secondary• Upper Secondary• Post Secondary• Higher Education

(Comprises govt, govt aided and private schools or education institutions-exception: expatriate & international schools)

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NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving high level of personal well-being as well as being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and the nation at large.

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OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION

• To produce a loyal and united Malaysian nation

• To produce faithful, well-mannered, knowledgeable,

competent and prosperous individuals

• To produce the nation’s human resource for

development needs

• To provide educational opportunities for all Malaysians

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Source: Education in Malaysia, MOE

Lower Secondary

PostSecondary

PrimaryForm 1 - 3

National

Matriculation

College

Polytechnic

Year 1 – 6

National Type (Chinese)

National Type (Tamil)

RemoveClass

(1 year)

Academic

Upper SecondaryForm 4 - 5

Technical / Voc.

Higher Education

Employment

Free & CompulsoryEducation

Academic

Sports

Religious

Arts

Age = 6+ to 11+ Age = 12+ to 14+

Age = 15+ to 16+Age = 17+ to 18+

PreschoolAge = 4+ to 6+

EDUCATION SYSTEM

Form 6

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Source: Education in Malaysia, MOE

Primary LowerSecondary

UpperSecondary

PostSecondary

Higher Education

Year 1 - 6Form 1 - 3

Form 4 - 5

Primary SchoolAssessment

U P S R

P M RLower

SecondaryAssessment

Form 6

SPMMalaysian

Of EducationCertificate

STPMMalaysian HigherSchool Certificate

EDUCATION SYSTEM : CENTRALIZED EXAMINATION

STAMMalaysian HigherSchool Certificate(Religious Education) 30

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Primary Secondary Total

7,723 2,296 10,019

Preschool 186,298

Primary 2,804,405

Secondary 2,281,775

Total 5,272,478

Lelaki Perempuan

Primary 72,266 164,047

Secondary 55,155 121,252

Total 127,421 285,299

NUMBER OF SCHOOLS

ENROLMENT

NUMBER OF TEACHERS

GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT –ASSISTED SCHOOLS 2011

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

PRIMARY ENROL 3 035 177 3 004 626 2 959 092 2 899 228 2 860 340

6+ - 11+ POPULATION 3 220 630 3 197 320 3 137 055 3 076 623 3 029 413

ENROL RATE 94.24 5 93.97% 94.33% 94.23% 94.42%

LOWER SEC ENROL 1 362 811 1 397 161 1 402 505 1 409 027 1 385 574

12+ - 14+ POPULATION 1 608 016 1 618 836 1 621 251 1 624 112 1 609 795

ENROL RATE 84.75 86.31 86.51 86.76 86.07

UPPER SEC ENROL 777 484 808 335 826 833 833 313 837 288

15+-16+ POPULATION 1 016 691 1 040 002 1 070 362 1 079 541 1 076 949

ENROL RATE 76.47 77.72 77.25 77.19 77.75

POST SEC ENROL 354 869 162 249 161 447 156 140 168 807

17+ - 18+ POPULATION 984 681 978 504 1 016 691 1 040 002 1 070 362

ENROL RATE 36.04 16.58 15.88 15.01 15.77

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PARTICIPATION RATES IN GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT –ASSISTED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY

LEVELS OF EDUCATION (2005-2011)

Agency 2006 2008 2009 2011

MOE 106 290 149 178 154 682 176822

ABIM 10 112 10 091 11 306 8351

State Religious Department 25 316 22 919 24 768 24 934

National Unity Department 37 431 38 549 39 723 40 640

KEMAS 195 314 172 575 187 024 209 902

Private 306 731 339 542 362 264 234 298

Total 681 194 732 854 779 767 696 958

ENROLMENT IN PRE-SCHOOLS BY AGENCY 2006 - 2011

Source: Malaysia Educational Statistic, EPRD, MOE. 34

Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011

National 2 394 813 2 401 187 2 371 209 2 316 977

National Type (C) 638 136 637 777 626 350 607 853

National Type (T) 101 882 108 176 108 867 106 466

Special Education 1 810 1 752 1 827 1 770

Special Model nr 1 096 1 055 na

Sports nr 3 3 na

Government-Aided Religious Schools nr 4 099 4 463 5896

Total 3 136 641 3 154 090 3 113 774 3 038 962

Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.

Note : Including enrolment of pre-schools and year 4-6 students in Special Model and Sports Schools

ENROLMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011

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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.Note : nr = no record

Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011Regular 2 074 326 2 112 999 2 143 427 2 145 349Fully Residential 33 234 33 289 34 088 38 102Religious 39 227 38 865 38 530 39 473Technical 69 302 69 006 59 406 20 628 Vocational 214 31 009Special Education 688 773 651 681Special Model 10 293 11 948 7 181

Sports 996 921 866

Arts nr 343 497

Government –Aided Religious School nr 42 581 47 041 52 185

Total 2 228 066 2 310 725 2 331 901 2 327 427

ENROLMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011

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Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011

National 5 777 5 788 5805 5854

National Type (C) 1 288 1 290 1292 1291

National Type (T) 523 523 523 523

Special Education 28 28 28 28

Government –Aided Religious School nr 16 16 18

Total 7 616 7 645 7 664 7714

Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.nr = no record

NUMBER OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011

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Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011

Regular 1 831 1 845 1859 1916

Fully Residential 54 54 57 61

Religious 55 55 55 56


Technical 90 90 90 34

Vocational 1 54

Special Model 11 11 11 11

Sports 2 2 2 2

Arts nr 2 2 2

Government –Aided Religious School nr 118 138 142

Total 2 047 2 181 2 219 2282

Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.nr = no record

NUMBER OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Primary 16.5 16.1 15.7 14.2 14 13.7 13.38Secondary 16.2 16.2 15.5 14.5 13.7 13.38 13.12


PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (2005-2011)

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Primary 31 30 30 28 28 29.60

29.38

Secondary 32 32 31 31 30 30.02

29.75


AVERAGE CLASS SIZE (AVERAGE NUMBER OF PUPILS PER CLASS) IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

(2005-2011)

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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, 2007.

• Social Studies• Civics & Citizenship Education• Living Skills

PRIMARY 1-3

Malay LanguageEnglish LanguageChinese ( Language & Communication ) Tamil ( Language & Communication ) Communication ArabicIban ( starting from Year 3 )Semai ( starting from Year 3 )MathematicsIslamic EducationMoral EducationScienceMusic EducationVisual Arts EducationPhysical EducationHealth Education

PRIMARY 4-6

LIST OF SUBJECT AT THE PRIMARY SCHOOL

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CORE SUBJECTS ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS

• CHINESE LANGUAGE

• TAMIL LANGUAGE

• COMMUNICATION ARABIC

• IBAN LANGUAGE

• FRENCH

• JAPANESE

• GERMAN

• BAHASA MALAYSIA• ENGLISH LANGUAGE• SCIENCE• MATHEMATICS• ISLAMIC EDUCATION• MORAL EDUCATION• GEOGRAPHY• HISTORY• VISUAL ART EDUCATION• MUSIC EDUCATION• PHYSICAL EDUCATION• CIVICS & CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION• LIVING SKILLS• HEALTH EDUCATION

LIST OF SUBJECT AT THE SECONDARY LEVEL

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Type of Schools Graduate Non-graduate

Untrained& Others Total

National 48 015 122 599 6 012 176 626

National Type (C) 5843 25 867 4 219 35 927

National Type (T) 1 418 5 655 1 568 8 641

Government –Aided Religious School 60 85 219 364


Total (Percentage) 55 567(25%)

154 680(70%)

12 018(5%) 222 265


NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF TEACHERS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF TRAINING 2009

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Type of Schools Graduate College Untrained& Others Total

Regular** 128 320 13 783 8 257 150 360

Fully Residential 3 230 98 0 3 328

Religious 3 127 206 59 3 392


Technical 6 380 1 407 67 7 854

Sports 161 13 0 174

Special Model 776 115 56 947

Art 65 4 6 75

Government –Aided Religious School 1 736 692 1 367 3 795

Total 143 980(84.6%)

16 343(9.6%)

9 813(5.8%) 170 136

NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF TRAINING 2009*

** Data exclude teachers (1) seconded to semi-government agencies, state religious schools and other agencies, (2) teachers on study leave with full-pay or half-pay, and (3) teachers in pool

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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistic, EPRD, MOE

Schools Number of Schools

Number of Teachers Enrolment

People Religious Primary Schools 26 758 8 220

People Religious Secondary Schools 93 1 734 23 911

State Religious Primary Schools 8 224 3 094

State Religious Secondary Schools 65 2 889 62 128

MARA Junior Science Colleges 43 2 801 28 578

Royal Military College 1 59 466

SCHOOLS BY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES

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INTAKE, ENROLMENT & OUTPUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION

20 Public Universities

Level Intake Enrolment Output

Matriculation 6,957 10,242 4,509

Certificate 1,470 1,349 166

Diploma 26,255 83,833 18,321

Bachelor 75,127 270,156 59,844

Post Grad Dip 1,779 2,956 2,065

Master 16,158 36,094 8,655

PhD 3,644 12,243 785

Profesional 450 1,249 196

Other 1,260 1,212 81

Sub Total 133,100 419,334 94,62246


Private HEI (37 Universities, 488 Non-Universities, Total 525)


Certificate 47,875 60,617 18,269

Diploma 91,483 177,773 32,685

Bachelor 43,261 151,591 26,590

Master 2,924 8,540 962

PhD 303 1,331 55

Sub Total 185,846 399,852 78,561

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27 Polytechnics


Certificate 15,019 30,861 13,723

Diploma 25,555 54,419 19,060

Sub Total 40,574 85,280 32,783

43 Community Colleges

Certificate 9,181 16,289 5,287

Diploma 468 793 279

Sub Total 9,649 17,082 5,566

GRAND TOTAL 369,169 921,548 211,532

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PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES 2008

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Universities Intake Enrolment Graduates

University of Malaya 9 429 14 566 7 285

Science University of Malaysia 7 203 26 690 7 038

National University of Malaysia 8 344 26 698 6 749

Putra University of Malaysia 9 017 29 063 7 942

Technological University of Malaysia 8 595 38 892 9 205

Northern University of Malaysia 8 668 34 643 4 065International Islamic University of Malaysia 9 069 26 561 7 226

Sarawak University of Malaysia 1 986 6 687 1 593

Sabah University of Malaysia 4 514 16 848 3 312

Sultan Idris University of Malaysia 3 477 14 409 4 191

PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES 2008Universities Intake Enrolment Graduates

MARA University of Technology 48 046 129 219 27 475

Darul Iman University of Malaysia 1 650 5 029 1 443

Terengganu University of Malaysia 2 123 5 923 1 616

Islamic Science University of Malaysia 1 801 4 951 286

Tun Hussien Onn University of Malaysia 2 523 7 202 1 979

Malacca Technical University of Malaysia 2 009 5 860 1 265

Pahang University of Malaysia 1 724 5 484 876

Perlis University of Malaysia 1 614 5 302 654

Kelantan University of Malaysia 356 615 0

National Defence University of Malaysia 952 1 238 422

TOTAL 133 100 419 384 94 62250

ENROLMENT BY LEVEL BY GENDER IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

Level Male Female Total

Matriculation 4,265 5,977 10,242

Certificate 571 778 1,349

Diploma 34,940 49,887 83,833

Bachelor 101,715 168,441 270,156

Post Grad Dip 1,008 1,948 2,956

Master 17,063 19,031 36,094

PhD 7,526 4,717 12,243

Profesional 470 779 1,244

Other 777 435 1,212

Total 167,341 (39.9%) 251,993 (60.1%) 419,334

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ENROLMENT BY FIELD OF STUDY BY GENDER IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

Field Male Female Total

Education 12,628 28,828 38,690

Arts & Soc Science 61,033 126,350 171,912

Science 25,681 47,729 69,786

Technical 57,130 35,375 83,326

ICT 10,424 13,361 20,935

Other 341 421 762

Total 167,341 251,193 419,334

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ACADEMIC STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Academic Staff

Institution Number Male Female Total

Public University 20 12,531 12,553 25,084

Private University 37 NA NA 6,847

Pri Higher Educ Inst 488 NA NA 11,234

Polytechnics 27 2,680 3,363 6,043

Community Colleges43 721 935 1,656

Total 615 50,864

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EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLAN 2006-2010

SIX STRATEGIC THRUSTS1. Nation Building2. Human Capital Development3. Strengthening National Schools4. Reducing Education Gap5. Improving the Prestige of the Teaching Profesion6. Promoting Institutional Excellence

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NKRA: INCREASE ENROLMENT & QUALITY OF PRESCHOOL

1. Establish National Committee and Pre-School Div in MOE

2. National Pre-School Curriculum – 20103. Harmonise per capita grants 4. Improve quality of teachers and 30,000

new teachers5. Increase pre-school classes to 10,0006. Increase public-private partneships7. Develop pre-school information system

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STRATEGIES: INCREASE ENROLMENT & QUALITY OF PRESCHOOL

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NKRA: INCREASE LITERACY & NUMERACY SKILLS

1. Screening of children 3 times a year – children placed into LINUS or special education program

2. Develop new literacy and numeracy modules 3. LINUS training 17,000 teachers (2009-2010)4. Building commitment of stakeholders5. Intensive monitoring & supervision of bottom

10% schools6. Placement of expert facilitators at districts

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STRATEGIES: INCREASE LITERACY & NUMERACY SKILLS

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NKRA: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS

1. Applicable to all government schools2. Performance based on composite score,

Grade Point Average (70%) and Standard for Quality Education Malaysia (30%)

3. All schools (10,000) will be ranked in performance (2010 onwards)

4. Schools will be eligible for rewards based on target performance rankings

5. Financial and non financial rewards

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STRATEGIES: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS

6. Financial rewards for teachers, head teachers and principals

10% bottom performers will be provided with training and mentoring or else tranfers or voluntary seperation.

www.pemandu.gov.my/etp 62

STRATEGIES: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS

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NKRA: HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS

1. Increase autonomy in decision making, flexibility in adapting curriculum and instruction methods, selection & redeployment of teachers and funds

2. Financial incentives for schools, school leaders, teachers and staff

3. Greater options for human capital development

4. Option for high achievers to advance faster

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STRATEGIES: HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS

SCHOOLS TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM

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SCHOOLS7,655 PRIMARY2189 SECODARY

TOTAL 9,844

CLUSTERS OF EXCELLENCE

SCHOOLS

HIGH PERFORMANCE

SCHOOLS SCHOOL RATING:

1. Ethos2. Character3. Exceptional in

all aspects of education

4. Academic excellence

5. Recognitions6. Alumni support7. International

networking

INCENTIVES1. Financial2. Options on

human capital development

3. Accelerated promotion for student

4. Promotion for principal and teachers

1. Provide equal access to quality education of international standard

2. Ensure every child is proficient in Malay and English language

3. Develop values-driven Malaysians4. Transform teaching into the

profesion of choice5. Ensure high performing school

leaders in every school6. Empower SED, DEO & schools to

customize solutions based on needs

EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION (2013 – 2025)

7. Leverage ICT to scale up quality learning across Malaysia

8. Transform Ministry delivery, capabilities and capacity

9. Partner with parents, community and private sector at scale

10. Maximize student outcome for every Ringgit

11. Increase transparency for public accountability.

EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION (2013 – 2025)

HIGHER EDUCATION STRATEGIC PLAN, TOWARDS 2020

SEVEN STRATEGIC THRUSTS1. Increasing Access and Equity2. Improving Teaching and Learning Quality3. Enhancing Research and Innovation4. Strengthening Higher Education Institutions5. Increasing Internationalization 6. Enculturation of life long learning7. Strengthening Delivery by Min of Higher

Education. 68

ENHANCING PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

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SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITIES(Technical, Education,

Management, Defense)

COMPREHENSIVE UNIVERSITIES

RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES

RATING

By 2020One in world top 50 Three in world top

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Current StatusOne in world top

200 Three in world top

400• Specialized field• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 70 undergrad: 30

postgrad

APEX UNIVERSITIES

• Comprehensive field

• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 70 undergrad: 30

postgrad

• Research focused field

• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 50 undergrad: 50

postgrad

World renown/top class status

ENROLMENT BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION FOR AGES 17-23 YEARS

Level 2003 2005 2007 2010 2015 2020

Post Sec 158,459 235,740 296,900 351,700 388,300 428,700

Pub Coll 140,999 200,100 234,200 250,500 304,800 370,800

Pub Univ 280,037 310,500 336,900 371,700 458,300 552,600

Pri HE 337,949 336,900 371,100 465,700 567,800 685,800

Overseas 62,301 56,800 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000

Total 979,745 1,140,040 1,289,100 1,485,600 1,759,200 2,087,900

Pop 17-23 yrs 3,277,338 3,399,200 3,510,200 3,628,300 3,840,900 4,147,000

Percentage 29 33 36 40 45 50

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EDUCATION EXPENDITURE2005 2006 2008 2009 2011

% Educ Exp to Gov Exp

19.7 20.5 16.7 15.1 16.71

% Educ Exp to GNP 5.4 5.6 4.5 4.1 4.44

Capital Exp (RM Bilion)

2.567 4.112 3.510 4.503 6.402

Current Exp (RM Bilion)

22.740 25.242 26.028 27.350 29.360

Total (RM Bilion) 25.307 29.354 29.538 31.403 35.762

% Capital Exp 10 14 12 13 17.9

% Current Exp 90 86 88 87 82.1

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Thank You…

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FACULTY OF EDUCATION EDU5810 EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING DR. RAMLI BIN BASRI

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